European Wind Energy Association Annual Event 2014 (EWEA 2014)

Europe's Premier Wind Energy Event

Barcelona, Spain 10-13 March 2014

Volume 2 of 2

ISBN: 978-1-5108-1573-5 Volume 2

ADVANCED DRIVE TRAINS TECHNOLOGIES

JOURNAL BEARINGS IN WIND TURBINE GEARBOXES - GEARBOX AND TURBINE PROTOTYPE TESTS 711 Thomas Meyer ADVANCED DESIGN TECHNIQUES TO AVOID FAILURES IN ELECTRO-MECHANICAL DRIVETRAINS 719 G. Johnstone, L. Xu, M. Michon, R. Holehouse, B. Wang, K. Atallah FRONT-MOUNTED MAGNETICALLY-GEARED PSEUDO DIRECT DRIVE GENERATOR 726 Chris Kirby, Stuart Calverley, Ewoud Stehouwer, Ben Hendriks

ADVANCED ROTOR TECHNOLOGIES

AERODYNAMIC AND AERO-ACOUSTIC DESIGN OF THE GAMESA G114 BLADE 738 Pieter Segers AERODYNAMIC POWER CURVE UPGRADE KITS FOR WIND TURBINES 747 Jeppe Funk Kirkegaard, Henrik Paulsen

ASPECTS FOR OFFSHORE AND COMPLEX TERRAIN

COMPLEX TERRAIN WIND RESOURCE ESTIMATION WITH THE WIND-ATLAS METHOD: PREDICTION ERRORS USING LINEARIZED AND NONLINEAR CFD MICRO-SCALE MODELS 757 lb Troen, Andreas Bechmann, Mark C. Kelly, Niels N. Sorensen, Pierre-Elouan Rethore, Dalibor Cavar MESOSCALE MODELLING OF THE UK OFFSHORE WIND RESOURCE 767 Simon Watson, James Hughes ON THE DETERMINATION OF STABILITY CONDITIONS OVER FORESTED AREAS FROM VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS 777 D. Medici, A. Segalini, E. Dellwik

HOW DOES THE WIND BLOW BEHIND WIND TURBINES AND IN WIND FARMS

QUANTIFYING THE IMPACT OF WIND SPEED ON WIND TURBINE COMPONENT FAILURE RATES 786 Graeme Wilson, David McMillan WIND FARM LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION WITH WAKES FROM FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS 796 Jonas Schmidt, Bernhard Stoevesandt LIDAR OBSERVATIONS OF INTERACTING WIND TURBINE WAKES IN AN ONSHORE WIND FARM 806 Julie K. Lundquist, Eugene S. Takle, Matthieu Boquet, Branko Kosovic, Michael E. Rhodes, Daniel Rajewski, Russell Doorenbos, Samantha Irvin, Matthew L. Aitken, Katja, Friedrich, Paul T. Quelet, Jiwan Rana, Brian Vanderwende INSTRUMENTED DRONE MEASUREMENTS OF 3D FLOW STRUCTURE OF MULTI-MW WIND TURBINES 813 N. Chokani, B. Subramanian, R. S. Abhari

OPTIMIZING MEASUREMENT STRATEGIES TO MAXIMIZE PROJECT VALUE IS THE INDUSTRY

FROM MEASUREMENTS TO SITE APPROVAL: A NEW AND MORE ACCURATE APPROACH FOR SITE SUITABILITY ANALYSIS 821 Henrik Stensgaard Toft, Lasse Svenningsen, John Dalsgaard Serensen WIND MEASUREMENTS CAMPAIGNS OFFSHORE HOW THEY CREATE VALUE FOR WINDFARMS 830 Andrew Henderson, Remi Gandoin, Miriam Marchante Jimemez, Hugh Yendole, Martin Mechali

REAL WORLD POWER CURVES: A NEW ERA FOR WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENTS

MEASUREMENTS REPLACE GENERIC ASSUMPTIONS 847 Tomas Blodau, Katharina Neumann

WIND TURBINE NOISE HOW TO AVOID DISTURBING THE NEIGHBORS

ANALYSES OF THE MECHANISMS OF AMPLITUDE MODULATION OF AERO-ACOUSTIC WIND TURBINE SOUND 851 Andreas Fischer, Helge Aagaard Madsen, Knud Abildgaard Kragh, Franck Bertagnolio TIME SERIES OF AMPLITUDE MODULATION OF WIND FARM NOISE AT NOISE RECEPTOR LOCATIONS 863 Joachim Gabriel, Steffen Vogl, Thomas Neumann, Gundula Hiibner, Johannes Pohl ASSESSMENT OF NOISE PREDICTION METHODS FOR LONG RANGE SOUND PROPAGATION OF WIND TURBINES OVER WATER 873 Lukas Mylonas, Bahri Uzunoglu

ADVANCED CONTROL CONCEPTS

MECHANICAL LOAD ANALYSIS OF PMSG WIND TURBINES IN PRIMARY FREQUENCY REGULATION 883 Asier Diaz De Corcuera, Lluis Trilla, Aron Pujana-Arrese, Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt, Fernando Bianchi, Joseba Landaluze PROVIDING FREQUENCY DROOP CONTROL USING VARIABLE SPEED WIND TURBINES WITH AUGMENTED CONTROL 896 Adam Stock, William Leithead, Shona Pennock SENSORLESS CONTROL OF A POWER CONVERTER FOR A CLUSTER OF SMALL WIND TURBINES 906 Agusti Egea-Alvarez, Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt, Antoni Sudria-Andreu SYSTEMATIC NUMERICAL DESIGN OF OPTIMAL BLADE PITCH CONTROL FOR VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES 912 M. Marnett, S. Wellenberg, B. Roidl, W. Schroder

ADVANCED ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FROM MEGABYTE TO MEGAWATT

OPTIMIZATION OF THE GRID CONNECTION CAPACITY FOR WIND TURBINES 918 Detlef Schulz, Thanh Trung Do, Hauke Langkowski MULTI-MEGAWATT WIND TURBINE CONVERTER CONFIGURATIONS SUITABLE FOR OFF-SHORE APPLICATIONS, COMBINING 3-L NPC PEBBS 926 Javier Chivite-Zabalza, Igor Larrazabal, Ignacio Zubimendi, Sergio Aurtenetxea, Mikel Zabaleta SELF-SENSING CLOSED-LOOP PITCH-SPEED CONTROL FOR REDUCTION OF WIND TURBINE STRUCTURAL LOADS DURING TURBINE EMERGENCY STOP 934 Tobias Rosmann, Steffen Adelt, Arne Griining, Frederik Hermsen, AlfVetter WIRELESS AS AN ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION NETWORK IN WIND FARMS 944 Bruno Antunes, Igor Ferreira

FLOATING WIND TURBINES

WIND TUNNEL TESTS ON FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES: DESIGN OF A 6-DOF ROBOTIC PLATFORM FOR FLOATING MOTION SIMULATION 950 / Bayati, M. Belloli, D. Ferrari, F. Fossati, H. Giberti THE 5 MW DEEPWIND FLOATING OFFSHORE VERTICAL WIND TURBINE CONCEPT

DESIGN - STATUS AND PERSPECTIVE 959 U. S. Paulsen, H. A. Madsen, K. A. Kragh, P. H. Nielsen, I. Baran, E. Ritchie, K. M. Leban, H. Svendsen, P. A. Berthelsen, G. J. W. Van Bussel, C. S. Ferreira MONOLITHIC CONCRETE OFF-SHORE FLOATING STRUCTURE FOR WIND TURBINES 970 Climent Molins, Frank Sandner, Alexis Campos, Denis Matha STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE H20CEAN MULTI MODAL WIND- WAVE PLATFORM 980 Feargal Brennan, Athanasios Kolios LONG TERM MOORING LOADS ASSESSMENT ON A SEMISUBMERSIBLE WIND PLATFORM 988 Raul Guanche, Lucia Meneses, Javier Sarmiento, Cesar Vidal, Inigo J. Losada

ON AND OFF SHORE INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGIES

MECAL ITS SYSTEM - INSTALLATION AND TRANSPORTATION OF A TLP SUPPORTED FLOATING WIND TURBINE 998 Eyal Taub

MONOPILES - DESIGN DRIVERS FOR OPTIMISATION 1010 Susanne Landskroner, Andreas Geschwind

REMOTE SENSING FROM TOYS TO TOOLS

OFFSHORE COMPRESSION ZONE MEASUREMENT AND VISUALISATION 1020 Markos Asimakopoulos, Peter Clive, Graham More, Richard Boddington

STORAGE GRID INTEGRATION

INNOVATIVE STRATEGY FOR A FAST AND PRECISE FREQUENCY CONTROL PROVIDED BY WIND TURBINES 1030 Alejandro Gonzalez-Murua, Teresa Arlaban-Gabeiras, Oscar Alonso-Sadaba, Ana Fernandez-GarciaDe Iturrospe, Daniel Ortiz-Irigoyen, Antonio Torres-Elizondo, Alberto Garcia-Barace, Guillermo Beriain-Guembe Jose Luis Aristegui-Lantero, Jose Miguel Garcia-Sayes DYNAMIC LINE RATING (RTTR) VERSUS SEASONAL RATING IN THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION NETWORK. CORRELATION BETWEEN WIND POWER PRODUCTION AND RTTR 1040 Gerardo Gonzalez, Sara Fernandez De Sevilla, Unai Burdalo, Pablo Albi, Guillermo Juberias, Luis Martinez, Miguel Escribano

WAKES DO WE NEED DIFFERENT MODELS FOR ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE WIND FARMS

THE AINSLIE WAKE MODEL AN UPDATE FOR MULTI MEGAWATT TURBINES BASED ON STATE-OF-THE-ART WAKE SCANNING TECHNIQUES 1057 Hauke Beck, Davide Trabucchi, Martin Bitter, Martin Kiihn WHOLE LIFE FOUNDATION AND STRUCTURE INTEGRITY

DESIGN TOOLS AVAILABLE FOR MONOPILE ENGINEERING 1067 Paul Doherty, Luke Prendergast, Gerry Murphy, Kenneth Gavin CLASSIFYING RESONANT FREQUENCIES AND DAMPING VALUES OF AN OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE ON A MONOPILE FOUNDATION FOR DIFFERENT OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS 1076 Wout Weijtjens, Rasoul Shirzadeh, Gert De Sitter, ChristofDevriendt KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND TARGET VALUES FOR MULTI-MEGAWATT OFFSHORE TURBINES 1085 Panagiotis K. Chaviaropoulos, Anand Natarajan, Peter Hjuler Jensen FATIGUE VERIFICATION IN WIND TURBINE FOUNDATIONS APPLYING MARKOV MATRICES TO A FEM MODEL 1093 Angel Diez Garcia, Alvaro Hernando Aragon, Enriquejnartinez Camarero, Francisco Cambronero

WIND SPEED PREDICTIONS ARE WE AT THE LIMIT OF OUR KNOWLEDGE OR CAN WE IMPROVE

ON THE BENEFIT OF A MULTIVARIATE DESCRIPTION OF WIND FOR A BETTER LONG- TERM EXTRAPOLATION 1103 Abel Tortosa-Andreu, Pau Casso, Patricia Puig, Javier Viscarret, Inma Murillo, Ricardo Martinez, Nuria Sal De Relldn, Luis Prieto, Giinter Vahlkmapf STATE OF THE ART WIND SPEED ASSESSMENTS: SEASONAL FORECASTING AND DECADAL VARIABILITY 1112 Philip Bett, Robin Clark, Michelle Spillar

ADVANCED OPERATION: MAINTENANCE

WIND TURBINE RELIABILITY ESTIMATION FOR DIFFERENT ASSEMBLIES, FAILURE SEVERITY CATEGORIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS USING SCADA DATA 1122 Christos Kaidis, Filippos Amoiralis, Bahri Uzunoglu TRAILING EDGE MONITORING WITH ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING A STATIC FULL SCALE BLADE TEST 1133 Alexandros Antoniou, Matthias Saathoff, Stefan Krause COMPARISON OF DATA-DRIVEN AND MODEL-BASED METHODOLOGIES OF WIND TURBINE FAULT DETECTION WITH SCADA DATA 1141 Zhenyou Zhang PREDICTION OF WIND TURBINE GEARBOX CONDITION BASED ON HYBRID PROGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES WITH ROBUST MULTIVARIATE STATISTICS AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS 1151 Jamie L. Godwin, Peter C. Matthews, Bindi Chen ELECTRICAL FAULT DETECTION USING MECHANICAL SIGNALS 1161 Christopher J. Crabtree, Donatella Zappald, Peter J. Tavner, Simon I. Hogg

ELECTRICAL ASPECTS AND GRID INTEGRATION

PLANS FOR SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF WIND POWER AND VOLTAGE STABILITY OF THE DANISH ISLAND OF BORNHOLM 1168 Vladislav Akhmatov, Jan Havsager, Rene T. Stamp, Hans Abildgaard, Peter B. Eriksen A COMPARISON OF DESIGN OPTIONS FOR OFFSHORE HVDC NETWORKS THROUGH A SEQUENTIAL MONTE-CARLO RELIABILITY ANALYSIS 1177 C. Maciver, K. R. W. Bell, D. P. Nedic EVALUATION OF A COMMUNICATION-BASED FAULT RIDE-THROUGH SCHEME FOR OFFSHORE WIND FARMS CONNECTED THROUGH VSC-HVDC LINKS 1187 S. Nanou, S. Papathanassiou ECONOMIC BENEFIT CALCULATIONS OF AN OFFSHORE WIND AND ITS HVDC GRID DELIVERY SYSTEM IN NORTH AMERICA 1194 Reynaldo Nuqui, Magnus Callavik, Anil Kondabathini, Jiuping Pan DEVELOPMENTS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN HVDC OFFSHORE GRIDS RESEARCH 1200 Olimpo Anaya-Lara, Kjetil Uhlen, John Olav Tande

INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS FOR DRIVE TRAIN COMPONENTS

IMPROVED COST OF ENERGY COMPARISON OF PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATORS FOR LARGE OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES 1207 Kerri Hart, Edward Corr, Alasdair McDonald, James Carroll, Henk Polinder PROPOSED STRUCTURE FOR A HTS GENERATOR FOR DIRECT DRIVE OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES 1215 Joseph Burchell, Ozan Keysan, Markus Mueller DESIGN ASPECTS OF CORELESS AXIAL FLUX PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATORS FOR LOW COST SMALL WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS 1223 George Messinis, Kostas Latoufis, Nikos Hatziargyriou NEW BEARINGLESS GENERATOR WITH BUOYANT ROTOR FOR LARGE DIRECT-DRIVE WIND TURBINES 1233 D. Bang, G. W. Jang, S. H. Hwang, P. W. Han, J. W. Kim, D. H. Koo, H Polinder, J. A. Ferreira

MATERIALS CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS

FATIGUE LIFE OF ROTOR SHAFTS IN THEORY, PRACTICE AND IN A FULL SCALE TESTING ENVIRONMENT 1242 Thes Rauert, Peter Dalhoff, Hans Kyling, Karina Hob, Jorg Winkelmann APPLICATION OF MGB2 IN SUPERCONDUCTING WIND TURBINE GENERATORS 1251 A. Pujana, I. Marino, G. Sarmiento, S. Sanz, J. M. Merino, J. L. Villate ARE MESOSCALE-COUPLED CFD MODELS THE NEXT GENERATIONS MODELS? 1257 Claude Abiven

EXTREME GUST WIND ESTIMATION USING MESOSCALE MODELING 1264 Xiaoli Guo Larsen, Andries Kruger

Author Index