DOCSLIB.ORG

Two New Antiinflammatory Elemanolides from Centaurea Chilensis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Two New Antiinflammatory Elemanolides from Centaurea Chilensis .,...... Joumalof <.:.- ETHNO-- PHARMACOLOGY Journa1 of Ethnopharmacology 40 (1993) 149-153 Two new antiinflammatory elemanolides from Centaurea chilensis Rosa E. Negretea, Nadine Backhousea, Ivan Cajigala, CarIa Delportea, Bruce K. Cassels*b, Eberhard Breitmaierc, Gert EckhardtC apharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty o/ Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, hDepartment o/ Chemistry, Faculty o/ Sciences, University o/ Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 1, Chile cOrganic Chemistry lnstitute, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany (Received 19 March 1992; revision received 8 Ju1y 1993; accepted 8 Ju1y 1993) Abstraet Two previously undescribed elemanolide esters, the 2-methylpropanoate and 2-methyl-2-propenoate of 11,13• dehydromelitensin, were iso1ated in the course of a bioassay-guided fractionation from the aeria1 parts of Centaurea chilensis Hook, et Am" used traditionally to treat 'gout and rheumatism', The mixture ofboth substances exhibits anti• inflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay. Key words: Antiinflammatory; E1emanolides; Centaurea chilensis; Asteraceae l. Introduction (Negrete et al., 1988b), and 11{3-H-II,13-dihydro• desacyl-cynaropicrin 8{3-D-glucoside (Negrete et The genus· Centaurea (Asteraceae, tribe al., 1988a). Cynareae) is a well-known source of sesquiterpene No elemanolides have been reported previously lactones. As part of a study of species growing in from C. chilensis Hook. et Am., but other Cen• Chile, we have now obtained two new elemanolide taurea species have afforded melitensin, dehydro• esters from C. chilensis Hook. et Am. Earlier melitensin, and several ester s of these sesquiter• chemical studies on this plant had afforded {3• pene lactones: melitensin was obtained originally sitosterol and stigmasterol (Negrete et al., 1984), from C. melitensis L. (González et al., 1971) and the flavonoids apigenin 7-0-glucoside, chrysoeriol later from C. aspera varo stenophyl/a (Dufour) 7-0-glucoside, chrysoeriol, luteolin, kaempferol, Nyman (Picher et al., 1984); its structure and quercetin, and hispidulin (Negrete et al., 1988a), as stereochemistry have been confirmed by X-ray well as the guaianolides dehydrocostus lactone analysis (Tortajada et al., 1988); this elemanolide and 8a-hydroxydehydrocostus lactone (Negrete has al so been synthesized via Cope rearrangement et al., 1984), 8a-acetoxydehydrocostus lactone of cnicin to 11,13-dehydro-melitensin (González et al., 1974a), which was first isolated from C. pul/ata • Corresponding author. 0378-8741/93/$06.00 © 1993 Elsevier Scientific Pub1ishers Ireland Ltd. AlI rights reserved. SSDl 0378-8741(93)01055-Q 150 R.E. Negrete et al. / J. Ethnopharmacol. 40 (1993) 149-153 L. (González et al., 1974b); C. melitensis afforded ing, respectively 50, 300, and 400 g of residue after melitensin and 11, 13-dehydromelitensin ¡3-hyd• removing the solvents in vacuo. All 3 extracts were roxybutyrates (González et al., 1975); C. arbuti• administered to guinea pigs (see below) to monitor folia Svent. gave 11,13-dehydromelitensin iso• potential antiinflammatory activities. The chloro• valerate (isoarbutifolin) (González et al., 1981), C. form extract proved to be the most active in the phrygia L. yielded the 8a-(5-hydroxy)-angeloyl carageenan-induced paw edema assay, and was ester (Tsankova and Ognyanov, 1985) and C. therefore chromatographed on a silica gel G cineraria L. ssp. umbrosa (Lacaita) Pign. (syn. C. column, eluting with petroleum ether-CH2Cl2 ucriae Lacaita ssp. ucriae) gave the 2-methyl-3,4• mixtures of increasing polarity as shown in dihydroxybutyrate (Bruno and Herz, 1988). Table 1. C. chilensis has been used in folk medicine for 11,13-Dehydromelitensin 2-methylpropanoate 'gout and rheumatism', although the treatment (1) and 2-methyl-2-propenoate (I1) from fractions advocated in recent years only involves external B, C and D (see Table 1) were purified by further use (Muñoz et al., 1981). Several guaianolides are chromatography on silica gel G with petroleum known to possess anti-inflammatory activity, ether-CH2Cl2 (3:2) increasing the CH2CI2 propor• which has been related to the presence of the tion up to 100%. The major constituent obtained a-methylene-')'-Iactone moiety (Hall et al., 1979, in this way (300 mg) seemed to be homogeneous 1980), and this suggested a possible relationship on TLC (silica gel; light petrol-EtOAc 7:3; between the chemistry of this plant and its tradi• RF = 0.35) and had the appearance of a slightly tional use. In this paper we describe the bioassay• greenish lacquer, insoluble 'in petroleum ether, guided isolation, structure elucidation, and anti• somewhat soluble in CHCI3 and in EtOAc, very inflammatory activity of a mixture of two soluble in MeOH, giving a purple Lieber• previously undescribed elemanolide esters: 11,13• mann-Burchard reaction. In CHCI3, the mixture dehydromelitensin 2-methylpropanoate (1) and 2• apparently polymerizes, giving a white precipitate methyl-2-propenoate (I1), from C. chilensis. which cannot be redissolved. EIMS m/z data were: (relative abundance) 264.1366 (0.26%; calculated 2. Materials and methods ClsH2004, 264.1361), 246.1265 (7.65%; calculated ClsHIS03, 246.1256), 228.1149 (8.43%; calculated Aerial parts of Centaurea chilensis were col• C'SH'60b 228.1149). Complete lH_ and l3C_ lected in the flowering season (December) in Las NMR assignments are shown in Table 2. Tacas, La Serena (near sea level, 300S latitude), Anti-inflammatory activity was tested against Chile. A voucher specimen (L. Arancibia 16078) is carrageenan-induced edema in the guinea pig on deposit in the Botany Laboratory of the Facul• hindpaw. A-Carrageenan (1% in saline, 0.1 mI) was ty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uni• injected into the left plantar aponeurosis of groups versity of Chile, Santiago (SQF). Melting points are uncorrected and were de ter• mined on a Kofler hot stage. IR spectra (KBr Table 1 discs) were recorded utilizing a Leitz IIIG infrared Fraetionation of the ehloroform extraet of Centaurea chilensis spectrometer. NMR spectra in CDCI3 with TMS as internal standard were recorded at 400 MHz Fraetion 25:75Solvent75:2550:50100%1000;',100'10petroleumCH2Cl2petroleumMeOHeompositionether/CH2Cl2ethernone+Anti-+++++ B ('H) and 100.5 MHzCFED (l3C) on a Bruker WM-400 inf1ammatoryaetivity A spectrometer, using commercially available pulse programs for DEPT and 2D spectra ('H_1H and 'H-l3C COSY, COLOC). The HREIMS was recorded on a Kratos MS-30 instrument. The air-dried, ground plant material (4.0 kg), was extracted successively (at room temperature) with petroleum ether, CHCI3, and MeOH, yield- R.E. Negrete et al. / J. Ethnopharmacol. 40 (1993) /49-153 151 of 10-15 guinea pigs of both sexes (Pirbright) by the paw, immersed up to a mark made weighing 200-300 g, fasted for 24 h, with water ad previously just above the ankle, before injecting libitum, and kept at 18-20°C. The volume of the carrageenan, and 3 h later. Drugs or vehicle (pro• injected paw was determined with a plethysmo• pyleneglycol) were administered orally 1 h before meter by measuring the volume of water displaced injection. The percent inhibition of edema· was Table 2 l3c and IH chemical shifts from the 100 MHz 13C and 400 MHz IH NMR spectra - assignments based on the 100/400 MHz FI• decoupled CH correlation CHCCCH147.87113.28112.97145.59613C46.1570.3751.8180.03173.72139.13119.59171.4053.1342.9535.1966.6819.1119.3119.03 C Atoms CH3CH2CH2CHn147.85113.2546.05167.67139.08137.43126.95119.6380.0070.9651.7453.0342.9218.4119.26 61H 3JHH coupling 153a 17a13b13a12IOb19b14a14b18a11b16b18b19a17blOa49b7b3b6b9a8b8a27a5a5blb1a (ppm) b for compound 11. (ppm) (H) a11a6afor compound16al. 6.03; 5.58; 5.54 1.96; 6.14; 5.69 5.83 2.49; 5.00; 4.90; 1.71; 1.16 5.83 2.51; 5.00; 4.90; 1.68; 1.19 a2.49; 4.05; 3.94; 5.40 b 2.51; 4.05; 3.94; 5.40 2.90; 4.46; 6.03 3.05; 4.48; 6.03 6.14; 1.96 6./4; 5.69 1.96 6.03; 5.54 3.05 6.03; 5.58 2.90 5.40; 5.00 4.05; 3.94; 2.49 5.40; 5.00 4.05; 3.94; 2.51 a5.00; 4.90 b5.02; 5.02 4.46 2.90; 2.49 4.48 3.05; 2.51 5.27 3.05; 1.88; 1.68 5.22 2.90; 1.88; 1.71 4.05; 3.94 5.40; 5.00 2.90 5.22; 6.03; 5.58 3.05 4.48; 5.27; 6.03; 5.54 2.49 4.46; 1.16; 1.88; 5.00; 5.40 2.51 4.48; 1.19; 1.88; 5.00; 5.40 1.88; 1.71 1.16 1.88; 1.68 1.19 2.49; 5.00; 4.90; 1.16; 1.88; 1.71 2.51; 5.02; 5.02; 1.19; 1.88; 1.68 2.61 1.16 2.49; -1.71 1.19 2.51; 1.68 1.17 1.19 1.19 1.17 1.96 6.14; 5.69 152 R.E. Negrete et al. /1. Ethnopharmacol. 40 (1993) 149-153 calculated for each group with respect to its made on the basis of DEPT, homo- and hetero• vehicle-treated control group, and analyzed nuclear COSY, and COLOC spectra, and are sum• statistically using Student's t-test. marized in Table 2. 3. Results 4. Discussion and conclusion A 20% infusion of the aerial parts of this plant, The fact that germacradienolides undergo facile similar to that recommended by folk healers, thermal isomerization to elemadienolides has led administered orally to guinea pigs, exhibited weak to the suggestion that some of these latter products (20%) but significant (P < 0.05) anti-inflamma• may be artefacts (Barrero et al., 1989). The drying tory activity at 4 ml!kg in a carrageenan-induced of the plant material, the extraction and all purifi• paw edema assay (Winter et al., 1962).The residue cation steps relating to compounds 1 and n, of the methanol extract of C.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Taksonomska I Korološka Analiza Roda Centaurea L. U Herbariju Ive I Marije Horvat (ZAHO)
    Taksonomska i korološka analiza roda Centaurea L. u Herbariju Ive i Marije Horvat (ZAHO) Uremović, Sanja Master's thesis / Diplomski rad 2011 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:945197 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-10 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of Faculty of Science - University of Zagreb SVEUĈILIŠTE U ZAGREBU Prirodoslovno – matematiĉki fakultet BIOLOŠKI ODSJEK Sanja Uremović Taksonomska i korološka analiza roda Centaurea L. u Herbariju Ive i Marije Horvat (ZAHO) Diplomski rad Zagreb, 2011. SVEUĈILIŠTE U ZAGREBU Prirodoslovno – matematiĉki fakultet BIOLOŠKI ODSJEK Sanja Uremović Taksonomska i korološka analiza roda Centaurea L. u Herbariju Ive i Marije Horvat (ZAHO) Diplomski rad Zagreb, 2011. Ovaj diplomski rad izrađen je na Botaničkom zavodu Prirodoslovno – matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu pod voditeljstvom prof.dr.sc. Božene Mitić, radi stjecanja zvanja profesor biologije i kemije. Zahvala Tijekom izrade ovog diplomskog rada pruţena mi je velika pomoć, struĉni savjeti te razumijevanje od strane mentorice prof. dr. sc. Boţene Mitić, kojoj se najljepše zahvaljujem. TakoĊer, doc. dr. sc. Igoru Boršiću i doc. dr. sc. Sandru Bogdanoviću veliko hvala na bezrezervnoj pomoći, na brojnim struĉnim savjetima, strpljenju i potpori tijekom izrade ovog rada. Hvala Margeriti, Mariji, Ţeljki, Tamari i Nives na savjetima, nesebiĉnom razumijevanju i podršci, ne samo tijekom izrade ovog diplomskog rada, nego i tijekom studiranja. Konaĉno, za moju obitelj ne postoji dovoljno veliko hvala za svu podršku, strpljenje, razumijevanje i sve što su uĉinili za mene, no ipak, mama, tata, seka, Vjeko – hvala vam što ste uvijek uz mene.
    [Show full text]
  • Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
    Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • Fort Ord Natural Reserve Plant List
    UCSC Fort Ord Natural Reserve Plants Below is the most recently updated plant list for UCSC Fort Ord Natural Reserve. * non-native taxon ? presence in question Listed Species Information: CNPS Listed - as designated by the California Rare Plant Ranks (formerly known as CNPS Lists). More information at http://www.cnps.org/cnps/rareplants/ranking.php Cal IPC Listed - an inventory that categorizes exotic and invasive plants as High, Moderate, or Limited, reflecting the level of each species' negative ecological impact in California. More information at http://www.cal-ipc.org More information about Federal and State threatened and endangered species listings can be found at https://www.fws.gov/endangered/ (US) and http://www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/nongame/ t_e_spp/ (CA). FAMILY NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME LISTED Ferns AZOLLACEAE - Mosquito Fern American water fern, mosquito fern, Family Azolla filiculoides ? Mosquito fern, Pacific mosquitofern DENNSTAEDTIACEAE - Bracken Hairy brackenfern, Western bracken Family Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens fern DRYOPTERIDACEAE - Shield or California wood fern, Coastal wood wood fern family Dryopteris arguta fern, Shield fern Common horsetail rush, Common horsetail, field horsetail, Field EQUISETACEAE - Horsetail Family Equisetum arvense horsetail Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii Giant horse tail, Giant horsetail Pentagramma triangularis ssp. PTERIDACEAE - Brake Family triangularis Gold back fern Gymnosperms CUPRESSACEAE - Cypress Family Hesperocyparis macrocarpa Monterey cypress CNPS - 1B.2, Cal IPC
    [Show full text]
  • 2004 Vegetation Classification and Mapping of Peoria Wildlife Area
    Vegetation classification and mapping of Peoria Wildlife Area, South of New Melones Lake, Tuolumne County, California By Julie M. Evens, Sau San, and Jeanne Taylor Of California Native Plant Society 2707 K Street, Suite 1 Sacramento, CA 95816 In Collaboration with John Menke Of Aerial Information Systems 112 First Street Redlands, CA 92373 November 2004 Table of Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 1 Vegetation Classification Methods................................................................................................................ 1 Study Area ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Figure 1. Survey area including Peoria Wildlife Area and Table Mountain .................................................. 2 Sampling ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Figure 2. Locations of the field surveys. ....................................................................................................... 4 Existing Literature Review ......................................................................................................................... 5 Cluster Analyses for Vegetation Classification .........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Centaurea Sect
    Tesis Doctoral ESTUDIO TAXONÓMICO DE CENTAUREA SECT. SERIDIA (JUSS.) DC. (ASTERACEAE) EN LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA E ISLAS BALEARES Memoria presentada por Dña. Vanessa Rodríguez Invernón para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas por la Universidad de Córdoba Director de Tesis: Prof. Juan Antonio Devesa 15 de octubre de 2013 TITULO: Estudio taxonómico de Centaurea Sect. Seridia (Juss.) DC. en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares AUTOR: Vanessa Rodríguez Invernón © Edita: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Córdoba. 2013 Campus de Rabanales Ctra. Nacional IV, Km. 396 A 14071 Córdoba www.uco.es/publicaciones [email protected] rírulo DE LA TESIS: Estudio Taxonómico de centaurea sect. seridia (Juss.) DG. en la Península lbérica e Islas Baleares DOCTORANDO/A: VANESSA RODRíGUEZ INVERNÓN INFORME RAZONADO DEL/DE LOS DIRECTOR/ES DE LA TESIS (se hará mención a la evolución y desarrollo de la tesis, así como a trabajos y publicaciones derivados de la misma). El objeto de esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido el estudio taxonómico del género Centaurea, cuya diversidad y complejidad en el territorio es alta, por lo que se ha restringido a la sección Seridia (Juss.) DC. y, atin así, el estudio ha requerido 4 años de dedicación para su finalización. La iniciativa se inscribe en el Proyecto Flora iberica, financiado en la actualidad por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. El estudio ha entrañado la realización de numerosas prospecciones en el campo, necesarias para poder abordar aspectos importantes, tales como los estudios cariológicos, palinológicos y moleculares, todos encaminados a apoyar la slntesis taxonómica, que ha requerido además de un exhaustivo estudio de material conservado en herbarios nacionales e internacionales.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear and Plastid DNA Phylogeny of the Tribe Cardueae (Compositae
    1 Nuclear and plastid DNA phylogeny of the tribe Cardueae 2 (Compositae) with Hyb-Seq data: A new subtribal classification and a 3 temporal framework for the origin of the tribe and the subtribes 4 5 Sonia Herrando-Morairaa,*, Juan Antonio Callejab, Mercè Galbany-Casalsb, Núria Garcia-Jacasa, Jian- 6 Quan Liuc, Javier López-Alvaradob, Jordi López-Pujola, Jennifer R. Mandeld, Noemí Montes-Morenoa, 7 Cristina Roquetb,e, Llorenç Sáezb, Alexander Sennikovf, Alfonso Susannaa, Roser Vilatersanaa 8 9 a Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain 10 b Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) – Associated Unit to CSIC, Departament de 11 Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de 12 Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra, Spain 13 c Key Laboratory for Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, 14 Chengdu, China 15 d Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA 16 e Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine), FR- 17 38000 Grenoble, France 18 f Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, PO Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, 19 Finland; and Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov str. 20 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia 21 22 *Corresponding author at: Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s. n., ES- 23 08038 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Herrando-Moraira). 24 25 Abstract 26 Classification of the tribe Cardueae in natural subtribes has always been a challenge due to the lack of 27 support of some critical branches in previous phylogenies based on traditional Sanger markers.
    [Show full text]
  • Przyroda Sudetów 9
    Tom 9 2006 EUROREGION NEISSE - NISA - NYSA Projekt jest dofinansowany przez Unię Europejską ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Rozwoju Regionalnego w ramach Programu Inicjatywy Wspólnotowej INTERREG IIIA Wolny Kraj Związkowy Saksonia – Rzeczpospolita Polska (Województwo Dolnośląskie), w Euroregionie Nysa oraz budżet państwa. oraz Wojewódzki Fundusz Ochrony Œrodowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej we Wroc³awiu 1 MUZEUM PRZYRODNICZE w JELENIEJ GÓRZE ZACHODNIOSUDECKIE TOWARZYSTWO PRZYRODNICZE PRZYRODA SUDETÓW ROCZNIK Tom 9, 2006 JELENIA GÓRA 2006 2 PRZYRODA SUDETÓW t. 9(2006): 3-6 Jacek Urbaniak Redaktor wydawnictwa ANDRZEJ PACZOS Redaktor naczelny BOŻENA GRAMSZ Stanowisko Nitella syncarpa Zespó³ redakcyjny BO¯ENA GRAMSZ (zoologia) CZES£AW NARKIEWICZ (botanika) (THUILL .) CHEVALL . 1827 (Charophyta) ANDRZEJ PACZOS (przyroda nieożywiona) Recenzenci TOMASZ BLAIK (Opole), ADAM BORATYŃSKI (Kórnik), w masywie Gromnika MAREK BUNALSKI (Poznań), ANDRZEJ CHLEBICKI (Kraków), ANDRZEJ HUTOROWICZ (Olsztyn), LUDWIK LIPIŃSKI (Gorzów Wlkp.) ADAM MALKIEWICZ (Wrocław), PIOTR MIGOŃ (Wrocław), ROMUALD MIKUSEK (Kudowa Zdrój), JULITA MINASIEWICZ (Gdańsk), TADEUSZ MIZERA (Poznań), KRYSTYNA PENDER (Wrocław), Wstęp ŁUKASZ PRZYBYŁOWICZ (Kraków), PIOTR REDA (Zielona Góra), TADEUSZ STAWARCZYK (Wrocław), EWA SZCZĘŚNIAK (Wrocław), W polskiej florze ANDRZEJ TRACZYK (Wrocław), WANDA M. WEINER (Kraków), ramienic (Charophyta) JAN ŻARNOWIEC (Bielsko-Biała) występuje pięć z sze- ściu rodzajów z tej T³umaczenie streszczeñ (na j. niemiecki) ALFRED BORKOWSKI wysoko uorganizowa- (na j. czeski) JIØÍ DVOØÁK nej gromady glonów, a mianowicie: Chara, Dtp „AD REM”, tel. 075 75 222 15, www.adrem.jgora.pl Nitella, Nitellopsis, Tolypella i Lychno- Opracowanie thamnus. Najbardziej kartograficzne „PLAN”, tel. 075 75 260 77 (str. 72, 146, 148) rozpowszechnionym, nie tylko w Polsce, ale Druk ANEX, Wrocław i w całej Europie, jest rodzaj Chara, którego Nak³ad 1200 egz.
    [Show full text]
  • Seed Set in a Non-Native, Self-Compatible Thistle on Santa Cruz Island: Implications for the Invasion of an Island Ecosystem
    SEED SET IN A NON-NATIVE, SELF-COMPATIBLE THISTLE ON SANTA CRUZ ISLAND: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE INVASION OF AN ISLAND ECOSYSTEM JOHN F. BARTHELL1, ROBBIN W. THORP2, ADRIAN M. WENNER3, JOHN M. RANDALL4 AND DEBORAH S. MITCHELL5 1Department of Biology & Joe C. Jackson College of Graduate Studies & Research, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034; [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 3Department of Ecology, Evolution & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 4The Nature Conservancy, Invasive Species Program Initiative & Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 5Animal Medical Center, Edmond, OK 73034 Abstract—In two previous studies we demonstrated a positive association between honey bee visitation and seed set or seed head weight in the invasive yellow star-thistle, Centaurea solstitialis. However, as reported here, we were unable to find similar evidence for the congeneric tocalote, Centaurea melitensis. Both seed head weights and percent seed set levels obtained from two plots showed no significant differences among four treatments. Indeed, no significant differences occurred between controls (open) and bagged flower heads that excluded honey bees (but allowed native bee visitation). There were also no differences between controls and complete exclusion of bee-pollinators, confirming self-compatibility reported for this species elsewhere. Unlike C. solstitialis, C. melitensis attracts relatively low numbers of honey bees. In addition, C. melitensis is generally more widespread on the Channel Islands than C. solstitialis. We discuss these patterns with reference to the invasiveness of both species on Santa Cruz Island. Keywords: Apis mellifera, Centaurea solstitialis, honey bee, invasive species, pollination, yellow star- thistle INTRODUCTION environments is subject to controversy, increasingly so during the last decade.
    [Show full text]
  • Sargetia Series Scientia Naturae
    www.mcdr.ro / www.cimec.ro A C T A M U S E I D E V E N S I S S A R G E T I A SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE XXI DEVA - 2008 www.mcdr.ro / www.cimec.ro EDITORIAL BOARD SILVIA BURNAZ MARCELA BALAZS DANIELA MARCU Computer Editing: SILVIA BURNAZ, DORINA DAN Advisory board/ Referenţi ştiinţifici: Prof. univ. dr. Dan Grigorescu – The University of Bucharest Prof. univ. dr. Vlad Codrea – The University Babeş-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca Prof. univ. dr. Lászlo Rákosy – The University Babeş-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca Conf. univ. dr. Marcel Oncu – The University Babeş-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca SARGETIA SARGETIA ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE L’adresse Address: Le Musée de la Civilisation Dacique et The Museum of Dacian and Roman Romaine Civilization La Section des Sciences Naturelles The Natural Sciences Section Rue 1 Decembrie 39 DEVA 39, 1 Decembrie Street – DEVA ROUMANIE ROMANIA e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Published by the Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation Deva All rights reserved Authors bear sole responsibility for the contents of their contributions Printed by qual media Producţie şi Simţire Publicitară & Mediamira Publishing House ISSN 1224-7464 www.mcdr.ro / www.cimec.ro S U M M A R Y – S O M M A I R E Pag. ŞTEFAN VASILE - A new microvertebrate site from the Upper 5 Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) deposits of the Haţeg Basin DIANA PURA - Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) 17 fossiliferous deposits from the Ohaba-Ponor area, SW Romania-preliminary study VLAD A.
    [Show full text]
  • Germinative Response to Heat Treatments in Relation to Resprouting Ability
    Journal of Ecology 2008, 96, 543–552 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01359.x BurningBlackwell Publishing Ltd seeds: germinative response to heat treatments in relation to resprouting ability S. Paula and J. G. Pausas* Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterráneo (CEAM), Charles R. Darwin 14, Parc Tecnològic, Paterna, València 46980, Spain Summary 1. In Mediterranean fire-prone ecosystems, plant species persist and regenerate after fire by resprouting, by recruiting new individuals from a seed bank (post-fire seeding), or by both resprouting and post-fire seeding. Since species with resprouting ability are already able to persist in fire-prone ecosystems, we hypothesize that they have been subjected to lower evolutionary pressure to acquire traits allowing or enhancing post-fire recruitment. Consequently, we predict that the germination of non-resprouters is more likely to be increased or at least unaffected by heat than the germination of resprouters. 2. To test this hypothesis we compiled published experiments carried out in Mediterranean Basin species where seeds were exposed to different heat treatments. We compared the probability of heat-tolerant germination (i.e. heated seeds had greater or equal germination than the control), the probability of heat-stimulated germination (i.e. heated seeds had greater germination than the control) and the stimulation magnitude (differences in proportion of germination of the heated seeds in relation to the untreated seeds, for heat-stimulated treatments) between resprouters and non-resprouters. 3. Non-resprouters showed higher probability of heat-tolerance, higher probability of heat- stimulation and higher stimulation magnitude even when phylogenetic relatedness was considered. Differences between life-forms and post-fire seeding ability do not explain this pattern.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects, Pharmacokinetic Properties
    Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (2018) 39: 787–801 © 2018 CPS and SIMM All rights reserved 1671-4083/18 www.nature.com/aps Review Article Overview of the anti-inflammatory effects, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacies of arctigenin and arctiin from Arctium lappa L Qiong GAO, Mengbi YANG, Zhong ZUO* School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Abstract Arctigenin (AR) and its glycoside, arctiin, are two major active ingredients of Arctium lappa L (A lappa), a popular medicinal herb and health supplement frequently used in Asia. In the past several decades, bioactive components from A lappa have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising therapeutic effects. In the current article, we aimed to provide an overview of the pharmacology of AR and arctiin, focusing on their anti-inflammatory effects, pharmacokinetics properties and clinical efficacies. Compared to acrtiin, AR was reported as the most potent bioactive component of A lappa in the majority of studies. AR exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) via modulation of several cytokines. Due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects, AR may serve as a potential therapeutic compound against both acute inflammation and various chronic diseases. However, pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated the extensive glucuronidation and hydrolysis of AR in liver, intestine and plasma, which might hinder its in vivo and clinical efficacy after oral administration. Based on the reviewed pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of AR, further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of AR via alternative administration routes are suggested to promote its ability to serve as a therapeutic agent as well as an ideal bioactive marker for A lappa.
    [Show full text]