DOCSLIB.ORG

Nuclear and Plastid DNA Phylogeny of the Tribe Cardueae (Compositae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nuclear and Plastid DNA Phylogeny of the Tribe Cardueae (Compositae 1 Nuclear and plastid DNA phylogeny of the tribe Cardueae 2 (Compositae) with Hyb-Seq data: A new subtribal classification and a 3 temporal framework for the origin of the tribe and the subtribes 4 5 Sonia Herrando-Morairaa,*, Juan Antonio Callejab, Mercè Galbany-Casalsb, Núria Garcia-Jacasa, Jian- 6 Quan Liuc, Javier López-Alvaradob, Jordi López-Pujola, Jennifer R. Mandeld, Noemí Montes-Morenoa, 7 Cristina Roquetb,e, Llorenç Sáezb, Alexander Sennikovf, Alfonso Susannaa, Roser Vilatersanaa 8 9 a Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain 10 b Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) – Associated Unit to CSIC, Departament de 11 Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de 12 Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra, Spain 13 c Key Laboratory for Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, 14 Chengdu, China 15 d Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA 16 e Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine), FR- 17 38000 Grenoble, France 18 f Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, PO Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, 19 Finland; and Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov str. 20 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia 21 22 *Corresponding author at: Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s. n., ES- 23 08038 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Herrando-Moraira). 24 25 Abstract 26 Classification of the tribe Cardueae in natural subtribes has always been a challenge due to the lack of 27 support of some critical branches in previous phylogenies based on traditional Sanger markers. With the 28 aim to propose a new subtribal delimitation, we applied a Hyb-Seq approach to a set of 76 Cardueae 29 species representing all the subtribes and informal groups defined in the tribe, targeting 1061 nuclear 30 conserved orthology loci (COS) designed for Compositae and obtaining chloroplast coding regions as by- 31 product of off-target reads. For the extraction of target nuclear data, we used two strategies, PHYLUCE 32 and HybPiper, and 776 and 1055 COS loci were recovered with each of them, respectively. Additionally, 33 87 chloroplast genes were assembled and annotated. With the three datasets, phylogenetic relationships 34 within the tribe were reconstructed under approaches of concatenation (using supermatrices as input for 35 maximum likelihood analysis with RAxML) and coalescence (species tree estimated with ASTRAL 36 based on the individual gene trees of each COS locus). The phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear datasets 37 fully resolved virtually all nodes with very high support. Although nuclear and plastid tree topologies are 38 highly congruent, they still present some incongruences, which are shortly discussed. On the basis of the 39 phylogenies obtained, we propose a new taxonomic scheme of 12 monophyletic and morphologically 40 consistent subtribes: Carlininae, Cardopatiinae, Echinopsinae, Dipterocominae (new), Xerantheminae 41 (new), Berardiinae (new), Staehelininae (new), Onopordinae (new), Carduinae (redelimited), Arctiinae 42 (new), Saussureinae (new), and Centaureinae. Another main key result of the study was the high 43 resolution recovered at the backbone of the Cardueae tree, which led to obtain better inter-subtribal 44 relationships. Using as tree base the nuclear HybPiper phylogeny, we updated the temporal framework for 45 the origin and diversification of the tribe and subtribes. Overall, the power of Hyb-Seq is demonstrated to 46 solve relationships traditionally suggested by morphology but never recovered with support using Sanger 47 sequencing of a few DNA markers. 48 49 Keywords 50 Asteraceae 51 COS targets 52 Subtribes 53 Systematics 54 Phylogenomics 55 Target enrichment 56 57 58 59 1. Introduction 60 61 The Cardueae is one of the largest tribes of the 43 described in the Compositae (Asteraceae; Funk et al., 62 2009), with almost 10% of the species of the whole family: 2400 species in 73 genera (Susanna and 63 Garcia-Jacas, 2009). The tribe belongs to the subfamily Carduoideae, which is composed by four tribes 64 (Panero and Funk, 2008; Ortiz et al., 2009): Dicomeae (97 spp.), Tarchonantheae (13 spp.), 65 Oldenburgieae (4 spp.), and Cardueae, the latter representing the 95% of the subfamily’s diversity 66 (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2009). The Carduoideae is a very successful evolutionary lineage within 67 Compositae, which was estimated by Panero and Crozier (2016) to have the second highest 68 diversification rate in the family and a moderate rate of extinction. The number of species is not uniform 69 across the genera of the tribe Cardueae, being six of them highly diversified (ca. 200–600 spp.) and with a 70 high endemism rate (Carduus, Cirsium, Centaurea, Cousinia, Jurinea, and Saussurea), while, on the 71 other extreme, 22 (ca. 30%) are monotypic. Geographically, the tribe is distributed mainly in the 72 Mediterranean and the Irano-Turanian regions, but it is reported from all continents except the Antarctica. 73 The ecosystems where the Cardueae species inhabit are very variable, e.g. Mediterranean landscapes, 74 steppes, semiarid areas, deserts, alpine meadows, or tropical savannahs (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2009). 75 Indeed, in many aspects the tribe Cardueae is an extremely heterogeneous group in terms of habit 76 (perennial, biennial, monocarpic or annual herbs, shrubs, treelets, often spiny), karyology (high variability 77 in chromosome numbers from x=6 to x=18, frequent disploidy), or pollen structure (caveate or ecaveate, 78 smooth, scabrate, or spiny). This complexity summed to its high diversity have greatly contributed to the 79 turbulent taxonomic history of Cardueae at several ranks, e.g. tribal and subtribal (see Table 1 for a 80 historical overview) or even misclassifications of some genera in different tribes or subtribes (see 81 examples in Table 2). 82 In the first tribal classification of the family, Cassini (1819) divided the present Cardueae into three 83 tribes: Echinopseae, Carlineae, and Cardueae, the latter comprising the subtribes Carduinae and 84 Centaureinae. Years later, Bentham (1873) and Hoffmann (1894) proposed grouping the three former 85 tribes in a single tribe Cardueae, with four subtribes: Carlininae Dumort., Echinopsinae [“Echinopinae”] 86 Dumort., Carduinae Cass., and Centaureinae Dumort. This conservative approach was accepted over long 87 time, until Wagenitz (1976) reinstated the tribe Echinopseae. Soon after, Dittrich (1977) returned to 88 Cassini's earlier views, proposing the restoration of tribes Echinopseae, Carlineae, and Cardueae. Bremer 89 (1994) favored the conservative classification of a single tribe Cardueae, which is nowadays generally 90 accepted (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2007, 2009), with the recent reinstauration of the subtribe 91 Cardopatiinae (Susanna et al., 2006). 92 Not surprisingly, Carlininae and Echinopsinae, two of the two basalmost subtribes in molecular 93 phylogenies, have been considered at some time as independent tribes, mainly due to their clear 94 diagnostic characters with respect to the rest of the Cardueae assembly (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2009). 95 However, the Cardueae are morphologically consistent as a whole entity at the tribal level, sharing a 96 unique synapomorphic morphological character within the Compositae: style with a papillose-pilose 97 thickening below the branches and the stigmatic areas confined to the inner surface (Susanna and Garcia- 98 Jacas, 2009). Additionally, the tribe Cardueae has also been broadly confirmed empirically as 99 monophyletic, first by cladistic analyses based on morphology (Bremer, 1987, 1994; Karis et al., 1992), 100 and later by molecular phylogenies (Jansen et al., 1990, 1991; Kim et al., 1992; Susanna et al., 1995, 101 2006; Garcia-Jacas et al., 2002; Barres et al., 2013). 102 In the most recent and accepted treatments (Susanna et al., 2006; Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2007, 103 2009), the authors pointed out that four subtribes are natural groups with clear limits (Cardopatiinae, 104 Carlininae, Centaureinae, and Echinopsinae); however, subtribe Carduinae is an unnatural, artificial, and 105 problematic group. The Carduinae have been a dumping ground of genera that do not fit in any of the 106 other subtribes and totals 1700 species, near 70% of the whole tribe diversity (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 107 2007). The fact that the group is a questionable and heterogeneous assemblage of genera was also 108 reflected in several phylogenetic studies, which have reported the subtribe as paraphyletic (Susanna et al., 109 1995, 2006; Häffner and Hellwig, 1999; Garcia-Jacas et al., 2002; Barres et al., 2013). The alternate 110 solution of combining subtribes Carduinae and Centaureinae in one enormous subtribe was discarded, 111 owing to the impractical constitution of a huge subtribe encompassing 2300 species and 90% of the 112 species of the whole tribe (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2007). 113 With the intention of fragmenting subtribe Carduinae, some informal morphological groups have 114 been described within it (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2007), which could on the long run be considered 115 subtribes for a more natural classification: “[the alternative is] splitting present Carduinae in at least seven 116 new subtribes (many of them presently unsupported): Xerantheminae,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diabetes and Medicinal Plants: a Literature Review
    ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIDIABETIC COMPOUNDS FROM BRACHYLAENA DISCOLOR DC Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science By Sabeen Abdalbagi Elameen Adam School of Chemistry and Physics University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg Supervisor: Professor Fanie R. van Heerden August 2017 ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus, which is a metabolic disease resulting from insulin deficiency or diminished effectiveness of the action of insulin or their combination, is recognized as a major threat to human life. Using drugs on a long term to control glucose can increase the hazards of cardiovascular disease and some cancers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new, safe, and effective antidiabetic drugs. Traditionally, there are several plants that are used to treat/control diabetes by South African traditional healers such as Brachylaena discolor. This study aimed to isolate and identify antidiabetic compounds from B. discolor. The plant materials of B. discolor was collected from University of KwaZulu-Natal botanical garden. Plant materials were dried under the fume hood for two weeks and ground to a fine powder. The powder was extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol (1:1). To investigate the antidiabetic activity, the prepared extract was tested in vitro for glucose utilization in a muscle cell line. The results revealed that blood glucose levels greater than 20 mmol/L, which measured after 24 and 48 hours of the experimental period, three fractions had positive (*p<0.05) antidiabetic activity compared to the control. The DCM:MeOH (1:1) extract of B. discolor leaves was subjected to column chromatography, yielding five fractions (A, B, C, D, and E).
    [Show full text]
  • Brachylaena Elliptica and B. Ilicifolia (Asteraceae): a Comparative Analysis of Their Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
    Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10, 223-229 223 Brachylaena elliptica and B. ilicifolia (Asteraceae): A Comparative Analysis of their Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities Alfred Maroyi* Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa Abstract: Brachylaena elliptica and B. ilicifolia are shrubs or small trees widely used as traditional medicines in southern Africa. There is need to evaluate the existence of any correlation between the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the two species. Therefore, in this review, analyses of the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia are presented. Results of the current study are based on data derived from several online databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, and pre-electronic sources such as scientific publications, books, dissertations, book chapters and journal articles. The articles published between 1941 and 2020 were used in this study. The leaves and roots of B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia are mainly used as a mouthwash and ethnoveterinary medicines, and traditional medicines for backache, hysteria, ulcers of the mouth, diabetes, gastro-intestinal and respiratory problems. This study showed that sesquiterpene lactones, alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids, flavonols, phenols, proanthocyanidins, saponins and tannins have been identified from aerial parts and leaves of B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia. The leaf extracts and compounds isolated from the species exhibited antibacterial, antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. There is a need for extensive phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies of crude extracts and compounds isolated from B. elliptica and B. ilicifolia.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Evolution of the Angiosperm Clade Asteraceae in the Cretaceous of Antarctica
    Early evolution of the angiosperm clade Asteraceae in the Cretaceous of Antarctica Viviana D. Barredaa,1,2, Luis Palazzesia,b,1, Maria C. Telleríac, Eduardo B. Oliverod, J. Ian Rainee, and Félix Forestb aDivisión Paleobotánica, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia,” Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina; bJodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom; cLaboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva, Museo de La Plata, La Plata B1900FWA, Argentina; dCentro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, 9410 Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina; and eDepartment of Palaeontology, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand Edited by Michael J. Donoghue, Yale University, New Haven, CT, and approved July 15, 2015 (received for review December 10, 2014) The Asteraceae (sunflowers and daisies) are the most diverse Here we report fossil pollen evidence from exposed Campanian/ family of flowering plants. Despite their prominent role in extant Maastrichtian sediments from the Antarctic Peninsula (Fig. 1, Fig. S1, terrestrial ecosystems, the early evolutionary history of this family and SI Materials and Methods, Fossiliferous Localities)(7)thatradi- remains poorly understood. Here we report the discovery of a cally changes our understanding of the early evolution of Asteraceae. number of fossil pollen grains preserved in dinosaur-bearing deposits from the Late Cretaceous of Antarctica that drastically pushes back Results and Discussion the timing of assumed origin of the family. Reliably dated to ∼76–66 The pollen grains reported here and discovered in the Late Cre- Mya, these specimens are about 20 million years older than previ- taceous of Antarctica are tricolporate, microechinate, with long ously known records for the Asteraceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus
    STATUS AND PROTECTION OF GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAUCASUS CEPF Biodiversity Investments in the Caucasus Hotspot 2004-2009 Edited by Nugzar Zazanashvili and David Mallon Tbilisi 2009 The contents of this book do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CEPF, WWF, or their sponsoring organizations. Neither the CEPF, WWF nor any other entities thereof, assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product or process disclosed in this book. Citation: Zazanashvili, N. and Mallon, D. (Editors) 2009. Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus. Tbilisi: CEPF, WWF. Contour Ltd., 232 pp. ISBN 978-9941-0-2203-6 Design and printing Contour Ltd. 8, Kargareteli st., 0164 Tbilisi, Georgia December 2009 The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. This book shows the effort of the Caucasus NGOs, experts, scientific institutions and governmental agencies for conserving globally threatened species in the Caucasus: CEPF investments in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out simultaneous assessments of species’ populations at national and regional scales, setting up strategies and developing action plans for their survival, as well as implementation of some urgent conservation measures. Contents Foreword 7 Acknowledgments 8 Introduction CEPF Investment in the Caucasus Hotspot A. W. Tordoff, N. Zazanashvili, M. Bitsadze, K. Manvelyan, E. Askerov, V. Krever, S. Kalem, B. Avcioglu, S. Galstyan and R. Mnatsekanov 9 The Caucasus Hotspot N.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX a Plant Species List of Boschhoek Mountain Estate Trees
    APPENDIX A Plant species list of Boschhoek Mountain Estate Trees 52 Shrubs 36 Dwarf shrubs 25 Forbs 81 Grasses 78 Geophytes 4 Succulents 6 Parasites 7 Sedges 9 Ferns 5 Aliens 19 Total 322 Trees Acacia burkei swartapiesdoring black monkey-thorn Acacia caffra gewone haakdoring common hook-thorn Acacia karroo soetdoring sweet thorn Acacia robusta enkeldoring, brakdoring ankle thorn, brack thorn Albizia tanganyicensis papierbasvalsdoring paperbark false thorn Berchemia zeyheri rooi-ivoor red ivory Brachylaena rotundata bergvaalbos mountain silver oak Burkea africana wilde sering, rooisering wild seringa, red syringa Celtisa africana witstinkhout white stinkwood Combretum apiculatum rooibos red bushwillow Combretum molle fluweelboswilg velvet bushwillow Combretum zeyheri raasblaar large-fruited bushwillow Commiphora mollis fluweelkanniedood velvet corkwood Croton gratissimus laventelkoorsbessie lavender fever-berry Cussonia paniculata Hoëveldse kiepersol Highveld cabbage tree Cussonia spicata gewone kiepersol common cabbage tree Cussonia transvaalensis Transvaalse kiepersol Transvaal cabbage tree Diplorrhynchus condylocarpum horingpeulbos horn-pod tree Dombeya rotundifolia drolpeer, wilde peer wild pear Dovyalis caffra Keiappel Kei-apple Dovyalis zeyheri wilde-appelkoos wild apricot Englerophytum magalismontanum stamvrug Transvaal milkplum Erythrina lysistemon gewone koraalboom common coral tree Euclea crispa blougwarrie blue ghwarri Faurea saligna Transvaalboekenhout Transvaal beech 93 Ficus abutilifolia grootblaarrotsvy large-leaved rock
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Wood Anatomy of Afromontane and Bushveld Species from Swaziland, Southern Africa
    IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (4), 1990: 319-336 COMPARATIVE WOOD ANATOMY OF AFROMONTANE AND BUSHVELD SPECIES FROM SWAZILAND, SOUTHERN AFRICA by J. A. B. Prior 1 and P. E. Gasson 2 1 Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London SW7 2BB, U.K. and 2Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, U.K. Summary The habit, specific gravity and wood anat­ of the archaeological research, uses all the omy of 43 Afromontane and 50 Bushveld well preserved, qualitative anatomical charac­ species from Swaziland are compared, using ters apparent in the charred modem samples qualitative features from SEM photographs in an anatomical comparison between the of charred samples. Woods with solitary ves­ two selected assemblages of trees and shrubs sels, scalariform perforation plates and fibres growing in areas of contrasting floristic com­ with distinctly bordered pits are more com­ position. Some of the woods are described in mon in the Afromontane species, whereas Kromhout (1975), others are of little com­ homocellular rays and prismatic crystals of mercial importance and have not previously calcium oxalate are more common in woods been investigated. Few ecological trends in from the Bushveld. wood anatomical features have previously Key words: Swaziland, Afromontane, Bush­ been published for southern Africa. veld, archaeological charcoal, SEM, eco­ The site of Sibebe Hill in northwest Swazi­ logical anatomy. land (26° 15' S, 31° 10' E) (Price Williams 1981), lies at an altitude of 1400 m, amidst a Introduction dramatic series of granite domes in the Afro­ Swaziland, one of the smallest African montane forest belt (White 1978).
    [Show full text]
  • The Origin of the Bifurcating Style in Asteraceae (Compositae)
    Annals of Botany 117: 1009–1021, 2016 doi:10.1093/aob/mcw033, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org The origin of the bifurcating style in Asteraceae (Compositae) Liliana Katinas1,2,*, Marcelo P. Hernandez 2, Ana M. Arambarri2 and Vicki A. Funk3 1Division Plantas Vasculares, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina, 2Laboratorio de Morfologıa Comparada de Espermatofitas (LAMCE), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina and 3Department of Botany, NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., USA *For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 20 November 2015 Returned for revision: 22 December 2015 Accepted: 8 January 2016 Published electronically: 20 April 2016 Background and Aims The plant family Asteraceae (Compositae) exhibits remarkable morphological variation in the styles of its members. Lack of studies on the styles of the sister families to Asteraceae, Goodeniaceae and Calyceraceae, obscures our understanding of the origin and evolution of this reproductive feature in these groups. The aim of this work was to perform a comparative study of style morphology and to discuss the relevance of im- portant features in the evolution of Asteraceae and its sister families. Methods The histochemistry, venation and general morphology of the styles of members of Goodeniaceae, Calyceraceae and early branching lineages of Asteraceae were analysed and put in a phylogenetic framework to dis- cuss the relevance of style features in the evolution of these families. Key Results The location of lipophilic substances allowed differentiation of receptive from non-receptive style papillae, and the style venation in Goodeniaceae and Calyceraceae proved to be distinctive.
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Cited
    Literature Cited Robert W. Kiger, Editor This is a consolidated list of all works cited in volumes 19, 20, and 21, whether as selected references, in text, or in nomenclatural contexts. In citations of articles, both here and in the taxonomic treatments, and also in nomenclatural citations, the titles of serials are rendered in the forms recommended in G. D. R. Bridson and E. R. Smith (1991). When those forms are abbre- viated, as most are, cross references to the corresponding full serial titles are interpolated here alphabetically by abbreviated form. In nomenclatural citations (only), book titles are rendered in the abbreviated forms recommended in F. A. Stafleu and R. S. Cowan (1976–1988) and F. A. Stafleu and E. A. Mennega (1992+). Here, those abbreviated forms are indicated parenthetically following the full citations of the corresponding works, and cross references to the full citations are interpolated in the list alphabetically by abbreviated form. Two or more works published in the same year by the same author or group of coauthors will be distinguished uniquely and consistently throughout all volumes of Flora of North America by lower-case letters (b, c, d, ...) suffixed to the date for the second and subsequent works in the set. The suffixes are assigned in order of editorial encounter and do not reflect chronological sequence of publication. The first work by any particular author or group from any given year carries the implicit date suffix “a”; thus, the sequence of explicit suffixes begins with “b”. Works missing from any suffixed sequence here are ones cited elsewhere in the Flora that are not pertinent in these volumes.
    [Show full text]
  • Leaf Micromorphology, Antioxidative Activity and a New Record of 3
    Arch Biol Sci. 2018;70(4):613-620 https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS180309022G Leaf micromorphology, antioxidative activity and a new record of 3-deoxyamphoricarpolide of relict and limestone endemic Amphoricarpos elegans Albov (Compositae) from Georgia Milan Gavrilović1,*, Vele Tešević2, Iris Đorđević3, Nemanja Rajčević1, Arsena Bakhia4, Núria Garcia Jacas5, Alfonso Susanna5, Petar D. Marin1 and Peđa Janaćković1 1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Studentski trg 16, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia 2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bulevar oslobođenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 4 Ilia State University, School of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Cholokashvili Avenue 3/5, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia 5 Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB,CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia s. n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: March 9, 2018; Revised: May 5, 2018; Accepted: May 14, 2018; Published online: June 4, 2018 Abstract: We examined for the first time the leaf micromorphology, phytochemistry and biological activity of the rare and stenoendemic Amphoricarpos elegans Albov (Compositae) from Georgia. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of glandular trichomes on the leaves, which appeared as glandular dots that are considered the main sites of bio- synthesis and accumulation of sesquiterpene lactones. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analyses, we identify and characterized 3-deoxyamphoricarpolide, a known ses- quiterpene lactone for the genus Amphoricarpos Vis. Regarding chemotaxonomic significance, 3-deoxyamphoricarpolide represents a link between Balkan and Caucasian species of the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names 7Th Edition
    ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names th 7 Edition ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori Published by All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be The Internation Seed Testing Association (ISTA) reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted Zürichstr. 50, CH-8303 Bassersdorf, Switzerland in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior ©2020 International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) permission in writing from ISTA. ISBN 978-3-906549-77-4 ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names 1st Edition 1966 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Prof P. A. Linehan 2nd Edition 1983 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. H. Pirson 3rd Edition 1988 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. W. A. Brandenburg 4th Edition 2001 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 5th Edition 2007 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 6th Edition 2013 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 7th Edition 2019 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori 2 7th Edition ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names Content Preface .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Symbols and Abbreviations ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Filogeografia Genètica De Poblacions I Citogenètica Molecular Del Gènere Cheirolophus (Asteraceae, Cardueae)
    Filogeografia genètica de poblacions i citogenètica molecular del gènere Cheirolophus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) Daniel Vitales Serrano ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB.
    [Show full text]
  • Arnaldoa Argentea (Barnadesioideae: Asteraceae), a New Species and a New Generic Record for Ecuador
    Arnaldoa argentea (Barnadesioideae: Asteraceae), a New Species and a New Generic Record for Ecuador Carmen Ulloa Ulloa and Peter M. Jùrgensen Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. [email protected]; [email protected] Michael O. Dillon Department of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A. dillon@®eldmuseum.org ABSTRACT. A new species of Asteraceae, Arnal- Erbar & Leins, 2000) on the corollas, achenes, and doa argentea C. Ulloa, P. Jùrgensen & M. O. Dillon, pappus of most species (Bremer, 1994). Most mem- from southern Ecuador is described and illustrated. bers also have peculiar spines in pairs, sometimes It is characterized by its cream-white to light or- solitary or three to ®ve together between the sub- ange corollas and red-brown phyllaries covered by tending leaf and the axillary bud (Bremer, 1994). a dense silvery pubescence, especially on the ad- Various af®nities with other, mainly Andean, genera axial surface. The genus was previously known only of this subfamily have been suggested for Arnaldoa. from northern Peru. A key to the species of Arnal- Morphologically the genus has been placed be- doa is presented. tween Chuquiraga and Dasyphyllum (Cabrera, 1962, 1977), and an intergeneric hybridization be- RESUMEN. Se describe e ilustra una nueva espe- tween Barnadesia and Chuquiraga has been sug- cie de Asteraceae, Arnaldoa argentea C. Ulloa, P. gested (Stuessy et al., 1996). A recent molecular Jùrgensen & M. O. Dillon, del sur de Ecuador. Esta phylogeny (Gustafsson et al., 2001) reveals a well- especie se caracteriza por las corolas de color blan- supported Arnaldoa clade also comprising Fulcaldea co-crema a anaranjado paÂlido y las ®larias cafeÂ- and Dasyphyllum subg.
    [Show full text]