DOCSLIB.ORG

Garzweiler II’”, and the Legiti- Generation in the Near Future Have Contributed to This Image

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Garzweiler II’”, and the Legiti- Generation in the Near Future Have Contributed to This Image INVESTIGATIVE DESIGN - PROJECt THE WANDERING HOLE » THE LARGEST MAN-MADE HOLES IN THE WORLD « , AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES 1km N The hole : Lake(2090) 2045 2015 1995 Master thesis by Hannah Hiecke, Information Design (M.A.), Design Academy Eindhoven, June 2015 Mentors : Simon Davies, Nikki Gonnissen, Joost Grootens, Jennifer Pettersson, Arthur Roeloffzen and Gert Staal Supply (RWE Power AG); Activists; Demand; Politics; Pro-Resettlement; Contra-Resettlement; Community; Critic; Research ABSTRACT To the current day, Germany counts worldwide as a model The broad range of research sources regarding this topic in- for the utilisation of and investment in renewable energy. dicates multifaceted perspectives from which to question the Measures such as the exit from stone coal and nuclear power necessity, sustainability of “‘Garzweiler II’”, and the legiti- generation in the near future have contributed to this image. macy of each of the interest groups involved. This research But these decisions have consequences and are becoming a was implemented in form of the design project “The wande- tangible reality in projects such as the brown coal strip mine ring hole”, which shows the interwoven multitudes of cont- “‘Garzweiler II’”. “‘Garzweiler II’” is a migratory brown coal rasts and dimensions. Looking in detail at the complexity at strip mine moving steadily through the landscape of North hand highlights the dynamic movements around and diffe- Rhine-Westphalia in Germany in order to provide a constant ring understandings of its various elements. Each position supply of energy from brown coal. “The wandering hole” exa- reacts differently to the economic realities. “The wandering mines the effects and reactions triggered by the mechanisms hole” creates transparency, sensitivity and an opportunity to and dynamics regarding “‘Garzweiler II’”. The “‘Garzweiler bring the viewer closer to the various perspectives involved in II’” situation is representative of a number of economically “‘Garzweiler II’”. utilised areas in Germany. Beyond that, similar conditions appear worldwide, where the interests of a community colli- de with individual circumstances. The present research is based on studies on village sociology, geography, and environmental psychology. These studies in the context of “‘Garzweiler II’” show a range of local, social, ecological as well as global effects of human interference with nature. Consequences can be shown to be expected for the near as well as distant future. “The wandering hole” visuali- ses the relationship between the energy revolution, the large German utility corporation RWE, political as well as global decisions and their influence on long-standing structures, systems and relatively small seeming elements like families, communities, and the notion of home. PHOTO : Open brown coal pit in Germany 1990 03 04 LEGEND GEOGRAPHICAL ENERGY SOURCE Farmland Nuclear energy Brown coal Open brown coal pit Field Natural gasoline Ground water Mineral oil Park Renewable energy Sand or ‚excavation material ‘ Biogas Lake Sun Forest Wind Water Other energy sources INFRASTRUCTURE Opencast lignitic coal pit Thermal power station Autobahn (highway) Hydroelectric power plant Railroad Gas pipe Oil pipe OtHER Motorway Street Cultivation Water Digger Inner harbour City ( < 100.000 population) Airport Large city ( > 100.000 population) Leisure time Megacity (> 1.000.000 population) Industry House or block of buildings Pumps Opencast pit ‘Garzweiler II’ Stock farming INTEREST GROUPS The present research and design project „The wandering hole“ is used to represent and raise awareness of the individual involved interest groups. OtHER RESOURCES For this purpose the different interest groups are distinguished in the course of the thesis : Iron Fluorite Supply by energy company (RWE Power AG) Tin Asbestos Activists (From non-governmental, environmental and nature Copper Talc protection till voluntary committed organizations) Zinc Phosphor Demand ( From local, national till global users) Nickel Gypsum Politics (Governing parties in NRW) Chrome Titanium Resettler Manganese Pro-resettlement (Unanchored-to-home) Aluminium Contra-resettlement (Anchored-to-home ) Lead Community (Example : Rifle assoication Gold Borschemich) Silver Audience : Critiv (Example UN Climate Change Conference) Salt Audience : Designer (Positioning of the narrative Potassium and investigative research) Sulphur Spar 05 CONTENT 03 ABSTRACT 22 COMMUNICATION 05 LEGEND 23 Social Networks 23 Criticism 10 INTRODUCTION 24 GARZWEILER 12 [ Opencast pit in Germany 1968 – 2050 ] 24 Quality of the Brown Coal from the Garzweiler Strip Mine 15 RESEARCHQUESTION 24 BORSCHEMICH 15 RESEARCHMETHOD 15 Problem 25 EVAPorating hoMelanD 16 Design Approach 25 STABILITY 16 Methodology 25 Definition of the Sense of Home 17 Implementation of the Design Approach 26 IDENTITY 17 Positioning 26 The Awareness of Surroundings 18 RESEARCHAREA 26 Orientation & Aesthetics 18 NORTH RHINE WESTPHALIA 27 (Social) Constructivist 18 NRW’s Energy Policy Landscape Research 19 BROWN COAL IN NRW 27 MEMORIES 19 Formation of Brown Coal 27 The Location-Updating Effect 20 The Rhineland Mining District 28 FRICTION 20 RWE ( Rheinisch–Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk ) 29 ECONOMY & 22 PRESENCE COMMON GOOD 07 28 JUDICIARY 37 TOTAL LOSS 28 APPROVAL 28 THE RIGHT TO A HOME 38 OPEN BROWN COAL PIT IN GERMANY : TOdaY 29 Resistance and Solidarity 38 Inefficiency 38 Future 30 conSEQUenceS 39 CURRENT SITUATION 30 MIGRATION 30 CONSEQUENCES FOR THE LANDSCAPE 40 conclUSion 30 INTERFERENCE WITH NATURE 30 Dewatering 32 Woodland Clearing 32 COMPENSATION 32 Reclamation 32 Final-Cut Pits 35 SOcIAL CONSEQUENCES 43 APPENDIX 35 RESEttLEMENT 35 PROCESS 51 RESOURCES 35 Partial Resettlement 52 REFERENCE – INTERVIEW 36 CONCEPT 52 REFERENCE – BÜCHER 36 Community 54 REFERENCE – PDFS / LINKS 36 COMPENSATION 55 REFERENCE – VIDEOS 37 UPROOTING & 55 REFERENCE – OtHER EXPROPRIATION 57 INDEX 37 Social Changes 08 09 INTRODUCTION FIGURE 01 : Economic use in NRW FIGURE 02 : Urban agglomeration in NRW (dark means high density of agglomeration) FIGURE 03 : Commuter in NRW FIGURE 04 : (Large) cities in NRW Germany as a whole sources almost a quarter of the energy Around 18 Million people live in NRW; it is the most popu- mix it consumes from local brown coal. The industrial utili- lous of the German federal states . In 2014, there were 29 sation of brown coal as a resource has a history of almost 200 cities (see FIG. 04), with a rising tendency for growth1. In no years in Germany and forms the origin of German indust- other area of Germany are population density and industrial rial history (see TABLE 01 on the next page). The locations of activity as high as in NRW2. This makes the area particu- brown coal power plants indicate the areas with the highest larly prone to clashes of economic, social and political inte- industrial activity. The largest industrial region lies in North rest groups. The dynamics and tensions of an industrialised Rhine-Westphalia - NRW (see FIG. 01). country and their consequences become apparent. Economic Economic hubs are not only attractive for companies, but phenomena and proportions particularly stand out: It is a also a magnets for many people (see FIG. 02) working or look- construct of power, money, sacrifices for the greater good, de- ing for work in that industry. A mutual economic dependen- pendency and insecurity, rethinking, trust and distrust. ce becomes evident (see FIG. 03). Over time, industrial history Added to this is a growing awareness for the environment has developed its own mechanism and legitimacy . and sustainability . Climate change causes a change in 1 City with more than 100,000 inhabitants (Source: http://universal_lexikon.deacade- mic.com/35009/Gro%C3%9Fstadt 26 January 2015) 2 „The excellent infrastructure, the central location and the people‘s high qualifications have made the most populous of the German federal states an economic power on an international scale in its own right. North Rhine-Westphalia ranks among the world‘s best in many economic indicators.” (Translated quote) [ Source: http://www.nrwinvest.com/nrwinvest_deutsch/NRW_ im_Ueberblick/Daten_Fakten/Wirtschaftsregion/index.php ( 26 January 2015 ) ] 10 ‚THE WANDERING HOLE‘ FIGURE 05 : History and development of RWE as a monopoly company in the Rhineland many views, and there will be, and will have to be, some res- On the one hand, interest groups form that are primarily in- tructuring. Energy generation from brown coal is inefficient terested in brown coal as a source of energy. (See FIG. 05) For and one of the energy sources causing the most damage to one, in the shape of a large public limited company (in this the environment3. Brown coal strip mines and power plants case, the RWE Power AG) , who makes money by turning attract increasing criticism. The debate on the issue of brown coal into electric energy. This satisfies the majority of harmful emissions gains more and more weight. In contrast Germany’s energy demand. Connected to them is the interest to sustainability-focussed rethinking, lignite strip mining group that determines demand . It ranges from individual continues to stand as a leading element of industrialisation households to big business. The consumers have anexpec - in the Rhineland: After Germany’s exit from stone tation of a stable, affordable electricity price. On the other coal (2006) and nuclear power generation (2011), brown hand we have the interest group of people who are mainly coal is one of the last remaining fossil
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Political Ecology of Mineral Rights and Land Tenure Struggles in Appalachia and the Andes
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Geography Geography 2017 Politics below the Surface: A Political Ecology of Mineral Rights and Land Tenure Struggles in Appalachia and the Andes Lindsay Shade University of Kentucky, [email protected] Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/ETD.2017.195 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Shade, Lindsay, "Politics below the Surface: A Political Ecology of Mineral Rights and Land Tenure Struggles in Appalachia and the Andes" (2017). Theses and Dissertations--Geography. 50. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/50 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Geography at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Geography by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known.
    [Show full text]
  • By Frank Uekötter in the History of Land, Different Dimensions Overlap
    by Frank Uekötter In the history of land, different dimensions overlap which are, strictly speaking, not interdependent. Land was simultaneously sover- eign territory, the basis of agricultural production, a repository of mineral resources, a space to be accessed or travelled across, the object of expert knowledge and science, and the property of a state or private persons. The different rationales connected with these various perspectives resulted in numerous conflicts which became ever more difficult to resolve due to the increasing pace of change in most of these areas from the 19th century onward. If one views modern history "from below" in this way, it becomes a history of the mobilization of land. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Land and Power 3. Land as a Possession 4. No Entry! The Question of Access 5. Mineral Resources 6. Land as an Object of Knowledge 7. The Mystery of Fertility 8. Lack of Respect 9. A European History? 10. Appendix 1. Sources 2. Literature 3. Notes Indices Citation At first glance, an article on land seems somewhat out of place in a historical project which attempts to view Europe as the product of intercultural transfer processes. Land is not typically subject to transfer, but is immobile to a high degree. The physical substrata of the land are the product of long geological processes, and the natural history of land has thus unfolded over time periods which are very long in comparison with human history. For this reason, land became a classic symbol of permanence and traditionalism in several European countries. And when land is made to move by wind or water, this movement follows natural laws, ignoring cultural conditions completely.
    [Show full text]
  • A Commentary on Some Controversial Issues
    Industrial Policy in Japan and the Policy Choices for Central and East European Countries - A Commentary on Some Controversial Issues Werner Pascha1 Nobuko Inagawa has written an excellent paper on the relevance of Japanese experiences for a successful integration of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) into the world economy. Talking about the case of Japan is particularly interesting - and potentially controversial - compared with the experiences of other leading economies or successful late- industrializers. The reason is that Japan - or rather: a significant part of its political, bureaucratic and academic establishment - currently is the only major challenger to the so- called „Washington consensus“ on how to go about structural change in developing and post- socialist transition economies. Here, I want to concentrate on three issues, which could be seen somewhat controversially when utilising Japan´s experiences and drawing policy lessons for CEECs: 1. Did Japan ever experience a „transformation“, suitable as a „tertium comparationis“ with today´s CEECs? 2. Are such experiences helpful with respect to the policy problems of today´s CEECs? 3. To what extent is the experience „translated“ into theory and to what extent is it made use of by Japanese institutions and researchers? 1. The experience of systemic change in Japan Comparing Japan´s past with the present experience of the CEECs is of course tricky. If we think of a „transformation“ as a full-scale switch from a command economy to a market economy and from collective or state ownership to private ownership, we have to admit that 1 This paper was prepared as a commentary to Nobuko Inagawa´s contribution („Experience from other countries.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mineral Industry of Switzerland in 2014
    2014 Minerals Yearbook SWITZERLAND U.S. Department of the Interior December 2017 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF SWITZERLAND By Sinan Hastorun Switzerland is a highly developed, landlocked, and $675.3 billion (CHF642.3 billion1) in 2014. The slightly higher mountainous country in Central Europe that borders the rate of growth was mainly owing to increased net exports and, European Union (EU) member states of Austria, France, to a lesser degree, increased domestic private consumption. Germany, and Italy as well as the Principality of Liechtenstein. The gross value added from manufacturing and construction Few mineral commodities were mined in the country although increased by 2.0% in 2014, compared with a revised increase more than 1,000 mineral deposits (in particular, iron ore of 1.0% in 2013. Within manufacturing and construction, and manganese ore) have been identified on Swiss territory. the value added from manufacturing increased by 2.4% Switzerland’s mineral output consisted almost exclusively of compared with an increase of 0.7% (revised) in 2013, and that industrial minerals for the construction sector, refined precious of construction increased by 2.1% compared with 2.0% in the metals, and refined mineral fuels. Industrial minerals that previous year. The mining and quarrying sector contracted were mined and used on a large scale by industry were clay, in 2014; its value decreased by 5.3% in 2014 compared with gypsum, lime, and rock salt. Hydraulic cement and sulfur (from an increase of 1.9% (revised) in 2013 (Federal Statistical petroleum refining) were also produced. Construction aggregates Office, 2015c, e, h, i; European Commission, 2015, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Contested Futures for Energy Transitions
    PoWiNe Working Paper 1/2021 Contested Futures for Energy Transitions Ulrike Zeigermann, Gilles Lepesant, Katrin Beer Hrsg. Bild: Kohlekraftwerk am Ohio River westlich von Cincinnati/Indiana, USA. / 2013 Robert S. Donovan (CC BY-NC 2.0 cropped) ISBN: 978-3-948749-00-2 DOI: 10.24352/UB.OVGU-2021-045 PoWiNE Working Paper PoWiNE Working Paper Magdeburger politikwissenschaftliche Beiträge zu Nachhaltigkeit in Forschung und Lehre Band 1 Eine Schriftenreihe der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Fakultät für Humanwissenschaften (FHW), Institut II: Gesellschaftswissenschaften, Lehrstuhl für Politikwissenschaft mit Schwerpunkt Nachhaltige Entwicklung herausgegeben von: Katrin Beer ([email protected]) Michael Böcher ([email protected]) Ulrike Zeigermann ([email protected]) Contested Futures for Energy Transitions Ulrike Zeigermann, Gilles Lepesant, Katrin Beer Hrsg. Impressum Contested Futures for Energy Transitions Herausgeber*innen dieser Ausgabe: Ulrike Zeigermann Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Gilles Lepesant Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Katrin Beer Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Verlag: Universitätsbibliothek (UB) Magdeburg Design und Layout: Ulrike Zeigermann ISBN: 978-3-948749-00-2 DOI: 10.24352/UB.OVGU-2021-045 Manuskriptdrucke. Die Autor*innen zeichnen für ihre Beiträge inhaltlich selbstverantwortlich. Die Manuskripte wurden durch die Herausgeberinnen nur redaktionell bearbeitet. Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte
    [Show full text]
  • Konstituierung Eines Industriellen Arbeitsmarktes in Oberschlesien
    Konstituierung eines industriellen Arbeitsmarktes in Oberschlesien Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln 2009 vorgelegt von Dipl.-Volksw., Dipl.-Kfm. Michael Jan Kendzia aus Konstanz Referent: Prof. Dr. Toni Pierenkemper Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Ralph Anderegg Tag der Promotion: 5. Februar 2010 Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis ..................................................................................I Abbildungsverzeichnis ....................................................................... III Tabellenverzeichnis ............................................................................ IV Abkürzungsverzeichnis ....................................................................... V 1 Einleitung ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 Zielsetzung und Vorgehensweise der Arbeit ............................................................. 3 1.2 Gegenstand der Untersuchung ................................................................................... 5 1.2.1 Arbeit und Arbeitsmarkt .................................................................................................................. 5 1.2.2 Untersuchungszeitraum und räumliche Abgrenzung .................................................................... 10 1.2.3 Bestimmung der Standortfaktoren ................................................................................................. 17 1.3 Zum Stand
    [Show full text]
  • Making History in High Medieval Styria (1185-1202)—The Vorau Manuscript in Its Secular and Spiritual Context
    Making History in High Medieval Styria (1185-1202)—The Vorau Manuscript in its Secular and Spiritual Context by Jacob Wakelin A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Medieval Studies University of Toronto © Copyright by Jacob Wakelin 2018 Making History in High Medieval Styria (1185-1202)—The Vorau Manuscript in its Secular and Spiritual Context Jacob Wakelin Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Medieval Studies University of Toronto 2018 Abstract This dissertation focuses on the historical, social, and political context of the Vorau manuscript (Stiftsarchiv Vorau Codex 276), a collection of more than a dozen Middle High German poems from the late eleventh to the mid-twelfth century in addition to Otto of Freising’s Gesta Friderici I. imperatoris. When taken together, the manuscript’s disparate assortment of texts creates a roughly coherent history of the world from Genesis down to about 1160. Compiled by the Augustinian canons of the Styrian house towards the end of the twelfth century under the provost Bernard I, the manuscript references local historical events and individuals that were intimately tied to the region’s monastic houses. The Otakars (1055-1192) and Babenbergs (1192-1246) were the founders and advocates of a large number of the monastic communities, and this dissertation argues that the interplay of interests between the Styrian court and its religious houses forms the backdrop to the Vorau manuscript’s creation. These interests centred on the political legitimacy, social relevance, and stability of both parties that resulted from a monastery’s role in creating a history of a dynasty through commemorative practices and historical writing.
    [Show full text]
  • Carta Lettera A4
    2-2014_geologi 2.06 12.02.15 15:20 Pagina 1 Swiss Bull. angew. Geol. Vol. 19/2, 2014 S. 3-172 Bull. géol. appl. Boll. geol. appl Bull. Appl. Geol. Swiss Bulletin für angewandte Geologie de géologie appliquée di geologia applicata for Applied Geology Inhalt / Sommaire / Contenuto /Contents D. Bollinger Editorial: Fracking – Segen oder Fluch? 3-4 K.M. Reinicke The Role of Hydraulic Fracturing for the Supply of Subsurface Energy 5-17 R. Jung Application and potential of hydraulic-fracturing for geothermal energy production 19-37 P. Reichetseder Clean Unconventional Gas Production: Myth or Reality? – The Role of Well 39-52 Integrity and Methane Emissions S. Liermann Hydraulic Fracturing – Application of Best Practices in Germany 53-64 T. Engelder The Fracking Debate in Europe – An Assessment of the History behind 65-68 the European Bans on Hydraulic Fracturing M. Stäuble Unconventionals in China – Shell’s Onshore Oil and Gas Operating Principles in Action 69-74 R. Wyss Die Erschliessung und Nutzung der Energiequellen des tiefen Untergrundes 75-93 der Schweiz – Risiken und Chancen W. Leu, A. Gautschi The Shale Gas Potential of the Opalinus Clay and Posidonia Shale in Switzerland – 95-107 A First Assessment D. Hartmann, B. Meylan Fracking in der Schweiz aus der Sicht des Grund- und Trinkwasserschutzes 109-113 E. Grosse Ruse Unkonventionelle Gasförderung im Klimaschutz: Teil der Lösung oder 115-122 Teil des Problems? W. Wildi Voraussetzungen zur Nutzung von unkonventionellen Kohlenwasserstoffen 123-128 mit Hilfe von Fracking in der Schweiz P. Burri The Global Impact of Unconventional Hydrocarbons (Hydraulic Fracturing on 129-139 the way to a clean and safe technology).
    [Show full text]
  • The New West German Miniing Law
    Land & Water Law Review Volume 19 Issue 2 Article 1 1984 The New West German Miniing Law Gunther Kuehne Frank J. Trelease Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.uwyo.edu/land_water Recommended Citation Kuehne, Gunther and Trelease, Frank J. (1984) "The New West German Miniing Law," Land & Water Law Review: Vol. 19 : Iss. 2 , pp. 371 - 394. Available at: https://scholarship.law.uwyo.edu/land_water/vol19/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Law Archive of Wyoming Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Land & Water Law Review by an authorized editor of Law Archive of Wyoming Scholarship. Kuehne and Trelease: The New West German Miniing Law University of Wyoming College of Law LAND AND WATER LAW REVIEW VOLUME XIX 1984 NUMBER2 Federal mining law has long been criticized as cumbersome and Inef- ficient. Although there have been some major reforms, most changes have been piecemeal additions to the Mining Law of 1872. In this article, the new and comprehensive mining law enacted in the Federal Republic of Germany is examined and comparisons are made with American mining law. Professor Trelease discusses the background of American and Ger- man mining law, tracing them to their common ancestry. Dr. Kuehne then examines the new German mining code. As a modem mining code for a major Industrial country, the new West German mining law contains a variety of provisions which provide solutions to a number of problems which persist in American law. THE NEW WEST GERMAN MINING LAW Gunther Kuehne* Frank J.
    [Show full text]
  • Comment on Geir Stenseth's Secrets of Property In
    Tiefengeothermie – Rechtslage und Empfehlungen Geothermal Energy – Legal Situation and Recommendations René Wiederkehr/Andreas Abegg*1 translated by Danielle Adams**1 I. Ausgangslage und Fragestellung I. Scenario and Issue Das Zentrum für Technologiefolgen- The Centre for Technology Assessment TA- Abschätzung TA-SWISS möchte in Ergänzung SWISS has commissioned an advisory opinion of zu den Arbeiten des PSI-Konsortiums, bestehend the TA-SWISS study on deep geothermal energy aus dem Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), ETH Zürich in Switzerland to add a legal perspective to the und DIALOGIK Stuttgart, eine juristische Exper- work already done by the PSI Consortium con- tise zur TA-SWISS Studie über die Tiefengeo- sisting of the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), ETH thermie in der Schweiz. Zurich, and DIALOGIK Stuttgart. Die Abklärungen sind vor dem Hintergrund The analysis is set against the background of des interdisziplinären Projekts „Energie aus dem the interdisciplinary project "Energy from the Innern der Erde: Tiefengeothermie als Energie- earth's interior: Deep geothermal energy as the träger der Zukunft?“ zu sehen. Es sollen die energy source of the future?". It addresses the wichtigsten gegenwärtigen juristischen Fragen in main legal issues currently under debate on the der Schweiz beantwortet und zukünftige gesetz- subject in Switzerland and highlights future leg- geberische Entwicklungen veranschaulicht wer- islative developments. The demarcation of den. Von speziellem Interesse ist die Kompetenz- responsibilities between the Swiss federal state abgrenzung zwischen Bund und Kantonen. Die and the cantons is of special interest in this con- Gutachten1 im Auftrag des Zentrums für Technolo- Expertise1 on behalf of the Centre for Technology Assess- giefolgen-Abschätzung TA-SWISS, 12.
    [Show full text]
  • Mining Regalia (Bergregal) in Russia and Foreign Countries: a Historic Legal Review of Exclusive Rights of the State
    World Applied Sciences Journal 24 (8): 995-999, 2013 ISSN 1818-4952 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.24.08.1127 Mining Regalia (Bergregal) in Russia and Foreign Countries: A Historic Legal Review of Exclusive Rights of the State. Aleksei Sergeevich Emelianov and Olga Grigorievna Larina Southwest State University 94, 50 let Oktyabrya st., 305040 Kursk, Russia Submitted: Aug 1, 2013; Accepted: Aug 29, 2013; Published: Sep 4, 2013 Abstract: The article examines the history of the mining regalia, the emergence and development of mining legislation in Russia and foreign countries. Analyzes the preconditions of formation the institution, features of government industrial domain. Key words: Regalia % Bergregal % Right % Mining % Privilege INTRODUCTION metals or salt either in the lands that belonged to the conferred or in the lands that belonged neither to the right Who shall have the right to be in charge of mineral receiver, nor to the king or duke [4]. resourcesthe surface owner or the State has been the key Thus since ancient times mineral resources have been issue since the history of legal mining regulation started. not in the ownership of landlords, but in possession of supreme rulers in the name of a sovereign. The Beginning of the Mining Regalia in Europe: In In Germany Bergregal reached its prime in Medieval ancient Egypt with its extensive gold, silver and copper times when the right to mine mineral resources was given mining works located along the line of modern in fee by the sovereign to vassals like the right to hunt. 4 Ethiopian-Arab borders the mines used to belong to the These regalia were established after mining tax for the rulers.
    [Show full text]
  • Dokumentvorlage Für Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten
    Christian Beyer On Cartels and Efficiency ISBN 978-3-7376-0971-5 kassel university 9 783737 609715 press Christian Beyer On Cartels and Efficiency kassel university press Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde vom Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften der Universität Kassel als Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften (Dr. rer. pol.) angenommen. Erster Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Björn Frank Zweiter Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Elke Kottmann Dritter Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Mark Spoerer Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 12. April 2021 Diese Veröffentlichung – ausgenommen Zitate und anderweitig gekennzeichnete Teile – ist unter der Creative-Commons-Lizenz Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de) lizenziert. Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. Zugl.: Kassel, Univ., Diss. 2021 ISBN 978-3-7376-0971-5 DOI: https://doi.org/doi:10.17170/kobra-202108024463 ©2021, kassel university press, Kassel https://kup.uni-kassel.de Druck und Verarbeitung: Print Management Logistik Service, Kassel Printed in Germany INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Inhaltsverzeichnis ................................................................................................... ii Tabellenverzeichnis ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]