Generations in Canadian Society, Le Phénomène Des Générations Et La

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Generations in Canadian Society, Le Phénomène Des Générations Et La Editorial Board / Comité de rédaction Editor-in-Chief Rédacteur en chef Kenneth McRoberts, York University, Canada Associate Editors Rédacteurs adjoints Mary Jean Green, Dartmouth College, U.S.A. Lynette Hunter, University of Leeds, United Kingdom Danielle Juteau, Université de Montréal, Canada Managing Editor Secrétaire de rédaction Guy Leclair, ICCS/CIEC, Ottawa, Canada Advisory Board / Comité consultatif Alessandro Anastasi, Universita di Messina, Italy Michael Burgess, University of Keele, United Kingdom Paul Claval, Université de Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV), France Dona Davis, University of South Dakota, U.S.A. Peter H. Easingwood, University of Dundee, United Kingdom Ziran He, Guangzhou Institute of Foreign Languages, China Helena G. Komkova, Institute of the USA and Canada, USSR Shirin L. Kudchedkar, SNDT Women’s University, India Karl Lenz, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany Gregory Mahler, University of Mississippi, U.S.A. James P. McCormick, California State University, U.S.A. William Metcalfe, University of Vermont, U.S.A. Chandra Mohan, University of Delhi, India Elaine F. Nardocchio, McMaster University, Canada Satoru Osanai, Chuo University, Japan Manuel Parés I Maicas, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Espagne Réjean Pelletier, Université Laval, Canada Gemma Persico, Universita di Catania, Italy Richard E. Sherwin, Bar Ilan University, Israel William J. Smyth, St. Patrick’s College, Ireland Sverker Sörlin, Umea University, Sweden Oleg Soroko-Tsupa, Moscow State University, USSR Michèle Therrien, Institut des langues et civilisations orientales, France Gaëtan Tremblay, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada Hillig J.T. van’t Land, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Pays-Bas Mel Watkins, University of Toronto, Canada Gillian Whitlock, Griffith University, Australia Donez Xiques, Brooklyn College, U.S.A. ii International Journal of Canadian Studies Revue internationale d’études canadiennes Special Issue – Winter 1993/Numéro hors-série – hiver 1993 Generations in Canadian Society Le phénomène des générations et la société canadienne Table of Contents/Table des matières Kenneth McRoberts Introduction/Présentation..........................5 Stéphane Dufour, Dominic Fortin et Jacques Hamel Sociologie d’un conflit de générations : les « baby boomers » et les « baby busters ».............................9 John C. Pierce, Nicholas P. Lovrich, Jr., Mary Ann E. Steger and Brent S. Steel Generational Differences in the Public’s Policy Preferences in British Columbia..............................23 Victor Thiessen and E. Dianne Looker Generation, Gender and Class Perspectives on Work...........39 Eric Mintz Two Generations: The Political Attitudes of High School Students and Their Parents................................59 Renée Joyal L’évolution des modes de contrôle de l’autorité parentale et son impact sur les relations entre parents et enfants dans la société québécoise....73 Denise Lemieux et Léon Bernier La transmission intergénérationnelle dans les projets de procréation : une approche qualitative et subjective des changements démographiques au Québec........................85 Marta Dvorak Nino Ricci’s “Lives of the Saints”: Walking Down Both Sides of the Street at the Same Time.........................103 Mark T. Cameron Justice and the New Generation Gap ...................115 Robert Drummond Rejoinder to “Justice and the New Generation Gap”...........133 Mark T. Cameron Reply to Rejoinder ............................137 Caterina Pizanias Re-viewing Modernist Painting and Criticism in the Canadian Prairies: A Case Study from Edmonton ......................139 Michel Tousignant, Emmanuel Habimana, Mathilde Brault, Naïma Bendris et Esther Sidoli-Leblanc Les rapports entre générations dans les familles de réfugiés au Québec . 171 Claire Harris A Grammar of the Heart .........................183 Review Essai/Essai critique Simon Langlois Trois regards sur les générations .....................201 Introduction Présentation Over the years, scholars have used a Au fil des ans, les spécialistes ont wide variety of approaches to adopté une vaste gamme comprehend Canadian society. d’approches différentes pour Canada has been regularly analyzed aborder et mieux comprendre la in terms of the presence of two société canadienne. On a souvent societies, one Francophone and the analysé le Canada sous l’angle des other Anglophone, or, more deux sociétés, francophone et recently, of a multiplicity of anglophone, ou, plus récemment, cultural, ethnic and racial sous celui de la multiplicité des distinctions. Another tradition has différences culturelles, ethniques et understood Canada in terms of raciales. Une autre tradition regional differences: economic, considère les différences régionales political and cultural. In recent qui caractérisent la réalité decades, class and gender rightly canadienne sur les plans have become central themes of économique, politique et culturel. analysis. Au cours des dernières décennies, les questions de sexe et de classe For whatever reason, scholars have sociale sont elles aussi devenues, et been less inclined to use the à bon droit, des objets d’analyse. concept of generations to guide their analyses. Yet, as this issue Pour une raison ou pour une autre, demonstrates, there is a lot to be les spécialistes ont eu moins gained in doing so. Moreover, these tendance à recourir au concept de various articles show that générations pour guider leur generational phenomena can take a analyse. Et pourtant, comme ce wide variety of forms. numéro en donne la preuve, il y aurait beaucoup à gagner à explorer The most dramatic form of cette perspective. De plus, les generational difference is, of divers articles réunis ici montrent course, outright conflict. In their que le phénomène des différences piece on contemporary Quebec, de générations peut prendre toutes Dufour et al demonstrate how the sortes de formes. generation of “baby boomers” that rose to political and economic La plus spectaculaire de ces formes prominence in the 1960s, thanks to est évidemment celle du conflit the Quiet Revolution, continues to ouvert. Dans le texte sur le Québec monopolize positions of power and contemporain, Dufour et al. authority, to the detriment and décrivent comment la génération resentment of younger Québécois des « baby boomers » qui a pris le who question the structures through contrôle de l’économie et de la which the “baby boomers” are able politique au cours des années 1960, to maintain their dominance. dans la foulée de la Révolution tranquille, continue à monopoliser By the same token, Mark Cameron les postes de commande. Ils illustrates how generations have montrent aussi comment cela se fait concrete differences of interest au détriment et au plus grand dam when it comes to such policy des Québécois plus jeunes, lesquels questions as mandatory retirement se sont mis à remettre en cause les and financing of public pensions. structures qui ont permis à ces « He tries to develop principles of baby boomers » de maintenir leur intergenerational justice, which are emprise sur la société. International Journal of Canadian Studies / Revue internationale d’études canadiennes Special issue / Numéro hors série, Winter/hiver 1993 IJCS / RIÉC the basis of an exchange with Dans la même optique, Mark Robert Drummond. Cameron souligne les intérêts Nonetheless, generational divergents qui animent les differences need not be based on différentes générations en matière difference in interest let alone on de politiques, comme la retraite obligatoire et le financement des conflict. They may simply entail régimes de pension publics. differences in worldview and L’auteur s’efforce de dégager des attitudes reflecting distinctive principes de justice qui, d’après lui, experiences. For instance, Pierce et devraient régir les relations entre les al establish that among residents of générations. Une discussion British Columbia there are s’engage à ce sujet entre lui et significant generational differences Robert Drummond. regarding policy questions, such as environmentalism, Aboriginal Ce ne sont pas toutes les différences rights, and immigration. At the de génération qui correspondent à same time, turning to the artistic des divergences d’intérêt ou world, Pizanias explores how dégénèrent en conflits. Elles among Prairie artists there emerged peuvent tout simplement découler a distinctive modernist generation. de visions du monde différentes et correspondre à des expériences Of course, the phenomenon of distinctes. C’est ainsi, par exemple, generations is most clearly revealed que Pierce et al. font valoir within the family. The relationship l’existence, au sein de la population between mother and child is de la Colombie- Britannique, de beautifully captured in a poetic différences importantes entre les work by Claire Harris in which a générations sur des questions de woman reflects on the stages of her politique telles que la protection de mother’s life. Two studies directly l’environnement, les droits des compare the attitudes of parents Autochtones et l’immigration. De la and children. In his study of a small même façon, Caterina Pizanias fait Newfoundland town, Mintz shows ressortir la façon dont une that the political attitudes of youth génération moderniste distincte a are only weakly related to those of émergé chez les artistes des their parents. In their examination Prairies. of youth in three different Canadian communities, Thiessen and Looker Bien sûr, la famille demeure le lieu find that work expectations are less où le phénomène
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