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Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar Volumen 8, Nº 16 2019 ISSN 2254-6111 RUHM Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar Volumen 8, Nº 16 Dossier ESPAÑA Y MARRUECOS. GUERRA Y COLONIALISMO EN EL NORTE DE ÁFRICA Estudios Traducción El imperio aquemenida Los muertos de las batallas medievales El Ejército en Mallorca e Ibiza (s. XVIII) Ensayo La Escuela Central de Gimnasia del Ejército Novedades sobre la guerra de los Cien Años La batalla del hambre Reseñas Centro de Estudios de la Guerra R Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar La RUHM está recogida e indexada en ERIHPLUS, Base de datos ISOC, Latindex, DOAJ, MIAR (ISDC 9,3), REBID, CIRC, Sherpa/Romeo, Google Scholar Metric, Dialnet, Sistema de Evaluación de revistas del CONICET (Grupo A), Fuente Academia Plus de la ESCBO, Emerging Sources Citation Index Web of Science Thomson Reuters y el sello de calidad del FECYT. © Centro de Estudios de la Guerra-RUHM (Teruel, España), 2019. EDITA. Centro de Estudios de la Guerra-RUHM (Teruel, España) Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar ISSN: 2254 – 6111 http://ruhm.es Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ruhm.es Twitter: @ruhm_online E–mail: [email protected] DISEÑO DE LA PORTADA. Soluciónsdocumentais-Leira IMAGEN DE PORTADA. “La ocupación del Gurugú”, en La Esfera, 15-X-1921, p. 16 MAQUETACIÓN. RUHM La Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar es una publicación científica de carácter semestral editada por el Centro de Estudios de Historia Militar. Esta revista no se identifica necesariamente con los contenidos aquí incluidos. Queda prohibida la reproducción total y/o parcial de cualquier contenido de la revista sin la autorización expresa y por escrito de la dirección. Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar RUHM Volumen 8, número 16, año 2019 ISSN: 2254–6111 Centro de Estudios de la Guerra-RUHM http://ruhm.es Edita Centro de Estudios de la Guerra-RUHM Equipo editorial Directores / Editors David Alegre Lorenz, GERD-Universitat de Girona, España. Miguel Alonso Ibarra, GERD-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España. Francisco J. Leira Castiñeira, Histagra-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, España Consejo de Redacción / Editorial board Daniel Aquillue Domínguez, Universidad de Zaragoza, España. Gonzalo Butrón Prida, Universidad de Cádiz, España. Gerard Cabezas Guzmán, Universitat de Girona, España Assumpta Castillo Cañiz, Università di Padova, Italia. Bárbara Caletti Garciadiego, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Santiago R. Gómez, EUSA-Universidad de Sevilla, España. Javier Lion Bustillo, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España. Alejandro Rabinovich, Universidad Nacional de la Pampa, Argentina Antonio José Rodríguez Hernández, UNED, España. Alberto Reche Ontillera, IEM-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España. Stephanie Wright, University of Sheffield, Inglaterra. Consejo Asesor / Consulting Board Ángel Alcalde, University of Melbourne, José Luis Ledesma, Universidad Complutense Australia. de Madrid, España. Isaias Arrayás Morales, Universitat Juan Marchena, Universidad Juan Pablo Autònoma de Barcelona, España. Olavide, España. Miguel Ángel Ballesteros, Instituto Español Enrique Martínez, Universidad Complutense de Estudios Estratégicos, España. de Madrid, España. Cristina Borreguero, Universidad de Burgos, Sönke Neitzel, Universität Potsdam, España. Alemania. Luc Capdevila, Universidad de Rennes II, Xosé Manoel Núñez, Universidade de Francia. Santiago de Compostela, España. Manuel Chust Calero, Universitat Jaume I de Fernando Puell de la Villa, IUGM-UNED, Castelló, España. España. Joanna Bourke, Birbeck College, University of Javier Rodrigo, GERD-Universitat London, Inglaterra. Autònoma de Barcelona, España. Antonio Espino López, Universidad de María del Carmen Saavedra Vázquez, Zaragoza, España. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Stig Förster, Universidad de Berna, Suiza. España. César Fórnis, Universidad de Sevilla, España Manuel Santirso, GERD-Universitat David García Hernán, Universidad Carlos III Autònoma de Barcelona, España. de Madrid, España. Nuno Severiano Teixeira, Universidad Nova Manuel-Reyes García Hurtado, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. da Coruña, España Germán Soprano, CONICET-Universidad Karem Hagemann, University of Carolina, Nacional de Quilmes, Argentina España. Klaus Schmider, Royal Military Academy Carlos Heredia Chimeno, Kyoto Prefectural Sandhurst, Reino Unido. University, Japón Juan Eduardo Vargas, Pontificia Universidad Francesc Xavier Hernández, Universitat de Católica de Chile. Barcelona, España. Jordi Vidal, Universitat Autònoma de John Horne, Center War Studies, Trinity Barcelona, España. College Dublin, Irlanda. Benjamin Ziemann, Universitu of Shefield, Mario Lafuente Gómez, Universidad de Inglaterra. Zaragoza, España. Desde su nacimiento en 2012, la Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) surgió bajo la firme convicción de que era necesario propiciar una renovación de la historia militar que se venía desarrollando en el ámbito hispanohablante. Precisa- mente, el objetivo era buscar nuevas preguntas capaces de conducirnos a otras visiones, interpretaciones y debates para la comprensión y estudio de fenómenos capitales como el orden público, la violencia, las fuerzas de seguridad estatales, las instituciones militares o paramilitares y, por supuesto, la guerra. Así pues, el deseo de este proyecto no era otro que hacer de la historia militar y los estudios de la guerra un paradigma y un objeto de estudios valiosos e interesantes para el conjunto de la comunidad historiográfica. Sin embargo, siempre hemos creído que la materialización de este objetivo pasaba necesa- riamente por la apertura del proyecto a todas las épocas, desde la Antigüedad al presen- te. Este era el único modo de forzarnos a romper con la compartimentación y la hiperes- pecialización, tan características de la historiografía actual como inevitables: fomentar el diálogo entre colegas de todos los ámbitos para dar con una visión mucho más amplia de los casos de estudio y problemáticas abordadas por cada historiador e historiadora. El objetivo último una comprensión mucho más rica y compleja del pasado. Asimismo, este proyecto nació con la clara voluntad de erigirse en una platafor- ma de referencia preocupada por promover y favorecer los estudios sobre los fenómenos bélicos, entendiendo éstos desde una perspectiva amplia, tanto a nivel cronológico como temático, y abarcando aspectos que van desde lo político, lo económico o lo social, a lo cultural, lo memorístico, lo tecnológico o lo científico. Así pues, en último término pre- tendemos introducir y promover en la historiografía hispanohablante las nuevas tenden- cias desarrolladas en el ámbito internacional en relación con la historia militar, así como servir de puente entre las más diversas experiencias investigadoras a ambos lados del Atlántico. Partiendo de estas consideraciones entendemos que el futuro de la historia militar pasa por cuestiones tan variadas e interrelacionadas entre sí como introducir la variable social; entender la guerra como el marco propiciatorio de proyectos políticos revolucionarios o, cuanto menos, transformaciones radicales; trabajar sobre los concep- tos, aplicando de forma crítica ideas procedentes de otras disciplinas al estudio de lo béli- co; analizar la experiencia de guerra como vía para situar al individuo en el marco de los conflictos, con sus miedos y sus motivaciones, pero también para dar con lo bélico en toda su riqueza y complejidad; abordar cuestiones relacionadas con la historia ambien- tal, situando como centro del análisis las transformaciones del paisaje a causa de la gue- rra, pero también las consecuencias mentales, económicas y sociales que se derivarían de todo ello; entender lo bélico y la violencia que genera dentro de unas cronologías porosas, mostrando preocupación por los periodos de posguerra; abordar la violencia como una dimensión inherente a la guerra en todos sus escenarios y que, además, acaba desbor- dando su marco consuetudinario; romper con la idea del civil como sujeto pasivo, recu- perando su papel como agente activo y con capacidad de maniobra; seguir los cambios en las percepciones a través de la historia de los conceptos, todo ello para ver la evolu- ción en el modo de entender el orden público, la violencia, el servicio de armas o la gue- rra; dar relieve y visibilidad a la siempre crucial perspectiva de género, sea porque la autora es una historiadora o porque los sujetos objeto de estudio son mujeres, pero tam- bién el modo en que la guerra ha contribuido a la construcción y destrucción de modelos hegemónicos de masculinidad y feminidad; no olvidar las perspectivas propias de los estudios poscoloniales; y, finalmente, tener en cuenta la variable cultural, tan vital y necesaria en el contexto de los conflictos armados. Así pues, estamos abiertos a la recep- ción de artículos, reseñas y propuestas para la coordinación de dossiers que atiendan a una o varias de estas variables desde perspectivas novedosas. Todo esto, que en principio puede sonar a lugar común o a mera retórica, es un firme anhelo en nuestro caso y, por ello, también queremos que sea una realidad. Con esta ilusión trabajamos día a día. En este sentido, tenemos el orgullo de decir que RUHM es la primera revista aca- démica especializada exclusivamente en historia militar y estudios de la guerra, además de la primera en dicho ámbito que somete sus artículos a un estricto proceso de evalua- ción por doble ciego, previa revisión y valoración exhaustiva por parte del equipo edito- rial. El cuidado que ponemos en nuestro trabajo ha sido condición sine qua non para que la RUHM
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