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USAF Counterproliferation Center CPC Outreach Journal #446 USAF COUNTERPROLIFERATION CENTER CPC OUTREACH JOURNAL Maxwell AFB, Alabama Issue No. 446, 5 August 2005 Articles & Other Documents: Talks On North Korea's Nuclear Program May Be On Europe Threatens To Punish Iran If Nuclear Work Verge Of Suspension Restarts Pentagon employees seek continued hold on anthrax Iran Tells Europe It's Devoted To Nuclear Efforts And vaccination program Talks Talks On N. Korea Arms May End Without Accord Greater coordination called for at biological labs BBC: U.K. Sold Nuke Material to Israel State Dept. Issues Global Terror Caution Offer By Europe Would Give Iran Nuclear Future Man Gets 3 Years For Sales Linked To Nuclear Arms Welcome to the CPC Outreach Journal. As part of USAF Counterproliferation Center’s mission to counter weapons of mass destruction through education and research, we’re providing our government and civilian community a source for timely counterproliferation information. This information includes articles, papers and other documents addressing issues pertinent to US military response options for dealing with nuclear, biological and chemical threats and attacks. It’s our hope this information resource will help enhance your counterproliferation issue awareness. Established in 1998, the USAF/CPC provides education and research to present and future leaders of the Air Force, as well as to members of other branches of the armed services and Department of Defense. Our purpose is to help those agencies better prepare to counter the threat from weapons of mass destruction. Please feel free to visit our web site at www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/awc-cps.htm for in-depth information and specific points of contact. Please direct any questions or comments on CPC Outreach Journal to Jo Ann Eddy, CPC Outreach Editor, at (334) 953-7538 or DSN 493-7538. To subscribe, change e-mail address, or unsubscribe to this journal or to request inclusion on the mailing list for CPC publications, please contact Mrs. Eddy. The following articles, papers or documents do not necessarily reflect official endorsement of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or other US government agencies. Reproduction for private use or commercial gain is subject to original copyright restrictions. All rights are reserved New York Times August 3, 2005 Talks On North Korea's Nuclear Program May Be On Verge Of Suspension By Chris Buckley, International Herald Tribune BEIJING, Aug. 2 - Six-nation talks aimed at ending North Korea's nuclear weapons programs may be suspended or even break off altogether if the participants cannot settle on a summary of principles for future disarmament talks, the chief American negotiator said Tuesday. "Whether we have a draft that everyone agrees on, whether we have a recess of some kind, I don't know yet," the negotiator, Christopher Hill, told reporters here after an eighth day of the talks, which include China, South Korea, Japan and Russia. "I think the issue is how one winds this up," he added. "That is, does it wind up with an agreement, does it wind up with parties saying, 'Well, we have to do some more substantial consultation in capitals,' or does it wind up in a flat- out disagreement." The negotiators considered the third draft of a proposed joint statement on North Korean nuclear disarmament on Tuesday, and the host country, China, then issued a fourth version for them to consider overnight, Mr. Hill said. "The Chinese side is really trying to push to resolution," Mr. Hill said. But some envoys showed growing frustration and uncertainty about the progress of the talks. The chief Japanese negotiator, Kenichiro Sasae, told reporters on Tuesday that the "basic points of disagreement have not been resolved." He said exchanges were "very tough, strong and serious." Mr. Hill said the countries were by no means sure of agreeing on even broad principles. "There are a lot of differences between the North Korean side on one hand and everyone else on the other hand," he said. The United States and North Korea appear to remain at loggerheads over Washington's insistence that Pyongyang end all its nuclear programs, including ostensibly civilian power generation projects, if it wants to receive economic aid and greater government contact. On Tuesday, the chief North Korean negotiator, Vice Foreign Minister Kim Kye Gwan, sought to play down differences between the two nations in his first public comments since the talks began. "Although North Korea and the United States have differing views, we hope we can reduce the differences as far as possible and achieve a result," the official New China News Agency quoted Mr. Kim as saying. He said North Korea would give up nuclear weapons, "if the U.S. abandons its nuclear threat against us and establishes mutual trust." Choe Sang-Hun contributed reporting from Seoul for this article. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/03/international/asia/03korea.html? (Return to Articles and Documents List) New York Times August 3, 2005 Europe Threatens To Punish Iran If Nuclear Work Restarts By Elaine Sciolino PARIS, Aug. 2 - France, Britain and Germany formally warned Iran on Tuesday that they would end their two-year negotiations over the country's nuclear program and pursue punitive action if Iran carried out its threat to resume sensitive nuclear work. But underscoring their determination to keep the talks going, the Europeans also asked Iran to wait until they presented it with a package of incentives before breaking its freeze on uranium conversion and enrichment activities. "Were Iran to resume currently suspended activities, our negotiations would be brought to an end, and we would have no other option but to pursue other courses of action," the foreign ministers of the three countries said in a letter to Hassan Rowhani, the head of Iran's Supreme National Security Council. "We therefore call upon Iran not to resume suspended activities or take other unilateral steps." The letter, which is backed by the 25-nation European Union, comes as the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations nuclear monitoring agency, has agreed to Iran's request to install surveillance cameras at its nuclear facility in Isfahan to enable Iran to resume its uranium enrichment activities under international safeguards. Once the cameras are functioning, which will take about a week, Iran could resume activities and legally still be in compliance with its obligations under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, two senior I.A.E.A. officials said. But if it did so, Iran would be breaking its voluntary agreement with the Europeans to indefinitely suspend such activities as long as negotiations continued. In Iran on Tuesday, the Foreign Ministry spokesman, Hamid Reza Asefi, rejected the Europeans' warning, vowing that his country would never abandon its "legitimate rights" to peaceful nuclear technology under international law. "The time for threats and intimidation is over," Mr. Asefi was quoted by the official Iranian news agency IRNA as saying. But one of the senior I.A.E.A. official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity under agency rules, said that agency inspectors had visited the Isfahan site Tuesday and that Iran had not yet broken protective seals and started the machines working again. The verbal battle is the latest - and potentially most serious - contest between Iran and the three European countries acting under the umbrella of the European Union. If Iran carries out its threat to resume nuclear work, the Europeans, with the prodding of the Bush administration, will have no choice but to seek to have Iran punished in some way by the United Nations Security Council, even if only with a resolution of concern or disapproval. Unless Iran is in clear violation of its international obligations, it will be difficult to persuade the Security Council to impose punitive economic measures. The Bush administration is convinced that Iran has a secret nuclear weapons facility and is moving forward to make bombs. The Europeans also believe that Iran wants nuclear weapons, but is determined to at least stall the process through negotiations. Indeed, in their letter today, the Europeans also informed Iran that they intended to call a special session of the Vienna-based I.A.E.A. "in the next few days" to decide what to do next about Iran's nuclear activities. The Iranian threat may be part of a larger strategy to keep its options open as its new president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, takes over on Wednesday, officials involved in the negotiations said. Iran may be trying to wrest more concessions from the Europeans in exchange for continuing the suspension of uranium conversion and enrichment activities, as laid out in an agreement with the Europeans last November. Or Iran may be gambling that it can restart its activities under 24-hour international inspection in order to split the international community and avoid any punishment. In Paris, France's foreign minister, Philippe Douste-Blazy, told reporters that the Iranian threat might spark "a major international crisis." Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin, a former foreign minister of France, told Europe 1 radio that the issue would be sent to the Security Council "if Iran doesn't back off." The Europeans are putting the final touches on detailed, step-by-step proposals that include economic, security, political and technological incentives for Iran, which will be presented as early as this weekend. But officials say that the proposal does not allow Iran to resume the uranium-related activities that it believes it is entitled to under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The treaty allows signers to enrich uranium for peaceful purposes. At the conversion plant in Isfahan, uranium ore known as yellowcake is turned into UF6, or uranium hexafluoride gas, which can later be fed into centrifuges to be enriched.
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