SW25 A New Deal for the United States
1. Who did FDR want to help the most?
a. He only wanted to help the rich. b. He wanted to help the American people, but he especially wanted to help the working class. c. He wanted to help banks. d. He wanted to help business owners.
2. What was the name of the plan FDR proposed to help the United States recover? a. The New Plan b. The New Tax c. The New Deal d. The New County
3. How did the New Deal help to revitalize the United States? a. the plan failed b. he gave money to everyone c. the plan helped by paying for groceries d. the plan provided jobs, resources, and financing to people in need
SW25 Dust Bowl to New Deal
1. What was President Roosevelt's "New Deal?"
A. a way to stop the drought B.. new ideas and programs to help people C. a card game the president played D. a nickname for President Roosevelt 2. What caused some people to leave drought stricken areas in the United States?
A. It was too difficult to earn a living during a drought. B. It was easier than living in dust storms. C. They preferred weather that was less hot and dry. D. They wanted to explore California. 3. What inference can be made as to how Emily Sarah and her family felt about Franklin Roosevelt's "New Deal?"
A. They liked it because it gave them hope for a better life. B. They felt it was just another government slogan. C. They thought it was too late for them. D. They thought it was too expensive.
SW25 Famous Faces
1. Who are the four presidents on Mount Rushmore? a. Washington, Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, Coolidge b. Washington, Jefferson, Franklin Roosevelt, Lincoln c. Washington, Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, Obama d. Washington, Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, Lincoln
2. What does Mt. Rushmore celebrate? a. the only presidents that helped shape America b. the greatest Presidents of the United States c. our nation's first four presidents d. American ideals of leadership, courage, and strength
3. Why did it take longer than Borglum had anticipated to finish Mt. Rushmore? a. The rock was harder than expected and took a lot longer to carve. b. Borglum kept changing his mind about who he wanted to put on the mountain. c. A lot of time was spent waiting on the government to pay for the work because, America was in the middle of the Great Depression. d. The weather was bad, which slowed down construction.
SW25 Franklin D. Roosevelt
1. What was America in the middle of in 1933? a. Spanish American War b. WWI c. WWII d. The Great Depression
2. What was Roosevelt's plan to end the Great Depression? a. to do nothing, it would eventually work itself out b. he wanted to develop programs that would help the poor and create jobs for the unemployed c. he wanted all of the rich people to give money to the poor d. he wanted to create a program where the government would just hand out money to the poor and they didn't have to work for it
3. Why was President Roosevelt an example of a person who had overcome major challenges in life? a. His parents died when he was a young child, and he had no one to take care of him. b. He was born without legs. c. He developed Polio in 1921, which caused him to not be able to walk or stand for the rest of his life. d. He was born into a very wealthy family
SW25 Who is Next in Line
1. How many U.S vice presidents have succeeded to the presidency because the president died? a. 3 b. 5 c. 8 d. 11
2. Which of the following explains the order of succession to the U.S presidency. a. vice president, Senate president pro tempore, Speaker of the House of Representatives, cabinet members b. vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Senate president pro tempore, cabinet members c. House of Representatives pro tempore, vice president, cabinet members d. vice president, Speaker of the Senate, Senate president pro tempore, cabinet members
3. Why is it important to have an order of succession to the U.S presidency in place? a. It would be important to have someone in place who could step in and run the country. b. If we are ever left without a president we immediately become part of Great Britain again. c. We have to make sure that someone is in place to do ribbon cutting ceremonies. d. If we don't immediately replace the president, then the Canadian Prime Minister steps in.
From Dust Bowl to New Deal Tlie United States liad fallen into terrible economic times when the slock market crashed in 1929. The country was in a Great Depression. Jobs and money were scarce. A long period of little rainfall affected the Midwest during this time too. The draught was made even worse when great wind and dust storms hit the same region. Many families abandoned their farms to took for work elsewhere. Emily Sarah's family owned a farm in Ihe Panhandle of Texas. During the Great Depression Ihey went searching for a better life and a New Deal. Emily Sarah held Mama's hand tightly as she chmbed into the on a farm there. old truck. She could see Papa trying to hold back tears as the truck Mama had also reminded them Uiat the United Slates had a sputtered away. Through Ihe swirling dust and wind. Emi, as her new leader. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had been elected just Mama called her, coutd see the boarded-up farmhouse getting months before. President Roosevelt declared that he had a "New smaller and smaller as they drove away. To Emi it seemed the road Deal" for the country. He had new ideas and programs that would was leading away from her family's dreams. help people. Mama thought that Papa might even be able to find Papa and Mama had tried as hard as they could to keep the farm. one of President Roosevelt's jobs for building roads or bridges. The crops just wouldn't grow in the dry soil. With no crops to sell, Emily Sarah gripped Mama's hand even lighter. Maybe the road they were unable to pay back the money they had borrowed. Now ahead would be better for her family. She smiled a thin-lipped smile the bank owned the farm. Sadly, Emi wondered if her family would in Papa's direction, and he nodded at her. Maybe there was hope for ever be Ihe same again. There was no farm, no home and no money. them all. Some days there wasn't even much to eat. Papa said things would r be better in CaJif . ^'DnSTBOWl As you read this week's cover story, use circle or highlight oil thff prepositions. QjBSSSB Who's Next in Line to be U.S. President? We know thai the vice presideni is next today. Now. following the vice president is speaker in line to become U.S. president if anything of the House of Representatives, then Senate happens to the president. But who is next in line presideni pro tempore, then the president's cabinet lo be presideni if something happens to the vice members. With permission, you can visit http:// presideni? www, whitehouse.gov/admini siration/c ^i nel/ for In 1792, Congress passed the Presidential the complete list of theonJerof succession to the Succession Aci. which listed the succession, or U.S. presidency. sequence, of who would be president if lire current So Just how many times has the [M^sident been U.S. presideni died, became too sick lo work, replaced? Well, so far in our country's history, resigned or was removed from office. After ihe eighi U,S. vice presidents have succeeded to vice president, il was a leader in the Senate called the presidency because Ihe presideni died. One the president pro tempore. Pro tempore means vice president succeeded because the president ••for Ihe lime being" or "temporary." Following resigned. How would you feel if our current the Senate president pro tempore was Ihe speaker president needed to be replaced? Remember, of Ihe House of Representatives. However, in there are different reasons why a president could 1886. this order was changed a bit. Then, in 1947, be removed from or leave office. Think about the Congress changed the order again !o what we use different reas>»is and then think about your answer. A New Deal for the United States Franklin D, Roosevelt was elected provide money to the states to help president of the United Stales in 1932 citizens and establish programs lo help when the nation was stiffering and get people back to work. needed immediate help. Roosevelt The government's new agencies wanted to put special programs into and programs sometimes confused place to help all Americans quickly. people. Many of them were known by He was especially concerned with their initials - the CCC. WPA, TVA "the forgotten man at the bottom of and many more. So many, in fact, that the economic pyramid." This included people often referred to the New Deal the woi^ing'Class people who had lost programs as Roosevelt's Alphabet everything after the stock market crashed Soup. Despite the confusing names, in 1929. Roosevelt wanted lo offer jobs there was no denying that the programs to the millions of people who were out worked. of work. He wanted to provide housing to those who had lost their homes when banks closed or foreclosed on farms and New Deal Programs homes. He wanted the American people Battle the Great Depression lo regain their hope and confidence Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) (feeling of trust or belief) in the nation The CCC was one of Roosevelt's first and its government. programs. The purpose of the program was to put workers back on the job! A New Deal is Born Roosevelt did not want to hand out money lo Americans. He wanted them During Roosevelt's presidential nomination acceptance speech, he promised the American public, "I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people." Within days after he was sworn in as president. Roosevelt addressed the nation over the radio to let them know of immediate changes and new programs that would help Americans. President Roosevelt and Congress first developed a plan to reopen banks, Famous Faces: The Making of Mount Rushmore A monument stands in the beautiful Black Seorge Washington, Thomas Jefferson. day just to get to the site. Men hung dangerously Hills of southwest South Dakota. It honors four Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln's by ropes to do most of the work. of our nation's great lenders and celebrates faces Washington wos chosen to represent After 14 years, presenters revealed the American ideals of leadership, courage and the founding of America. Jefferson helpe;: ' final creation. It had taken much longer than strength. Mount Rushmore National Memorial country grow larger. Roosevelt represents ' expected to finish the job, A great deal of time js a giant mountainside corvtng of Presidents protection of America's great lands, and Lincoln was spent waiting for the government to fund, or brought the country together. paij for, the wort. The nation was in the middle The U.S. Congress authorized the Mount of the Great Depression during most of the Rushmore project to begin in August 1927. construction, ond the government had difficulty American sculptor Sutzon Borglum was the leuder providing the money workers needed to finish the of the task. The gronite carvings were created by carvings. huq^lreds of workers who used special drills and More than three million people visit Mount explosives to blast through the Rushmore each year, and it still repro^'-ir'. mountain rock. The work was many the important values that w"^t' ' difficult. Workers climbed MjEM^^MmJLigJa'iffl-*^'.... . — hundreds of steps each ^il-VW* fvi pnua| iifuniaiKii |D wm n^ifrckl^.cDni' For iririrn«| HrannBiK nr qtif sUob E'iBiil ACi\iLrVPiWdlcWHUyc«< Fof idiEimil lomairflU ud fecdlMiik ID pniH rurluMTniK Innnii <: jni') * Art and the New Deal CU&I9V The largest of Franklin D. cities. The WPA also wanted Roosevelt's New Deal agencies to provide Americans the was the WPA. or Works Progress opportunity to see vorious works Administration. It was later of art. The WPA hired artists to renamed the Worlcs Projects create pointings, sculptures and Administration. The agency was murals (wall paintings) for public established in 1935 to carry buildings. Many of the nation's out many different projects. post office walls were painted Willions of Americans worked for with scenes from American the WPA ond other government history. Some of those paintings programs constructing parks, and murols still remain today in schools, airports ond roods. public buildings ortd museums. The WPA also built many public The WPA olso hired octors buildings during its existence. and musicians to perform in During the Great Depression, community cultural programs. At over eight million U.S. citizens one time. 16.000 musicians were worked up to 30 hours a week for the agency. Many of the working for the WPA, They performed concerts and gave free employees were women and young people. A job with the WPA music lessons to many people. Over 12.000 octors performed helped many families survive during this terrible time. The in WPA theoters ocross the country. They presented live agency also sponsored adult education ond reading classes. theater performances to people who might have never hod the In this way, mony more people received the educotion they chance to enjoy o play otherwise. needed to be able to find jobs. When the U.S. entered World War II, the economy One job the Works Progress Administrotion created was began to grow ogoin. The WA wos no longer needed. All 29 for outhors, who wrote tourist guidebooks. The guidebooks programs were discontinued in 1943, but they provided a great provided informotion on a state's history, ogriculture and service to many Americans. WEEK 26 World War II A Strike in the Pacific Sixteen million men and women served in U S. military forces during World War II. There are special stories about each and even one of these brave soldiers. What follows is one true story of courage, hope and honor from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on Dec. 7, 1941. William Fomby was bom in Hamlin, Texas, in 1919, After Within minutes. Ihe USS Oklahoma was sinking. high school. Billy, as his family called him. worked several jobs. Bill realized there was nothing more he could do onboard the Unfortunately, times were still hard in Texas. The Great Depression ship. It was going down quickly. Bill Jumped 30 feet into the had consumed the nation for years. Good jobs were difficult to find cold waters of the ocean. For what seemed like hours, he swam even though FDR's New Deal programs were helping to improve through heavy oil and fire. Bombs and torpedoes landed all around. life for Americans. Finally, he was pulled aboard another battleship named the USS On Dec. 18, 1940. Billy decided to join the Navy. He would Maryland, For hours, U.S. soldiers fought off the attack planes. Bill soon turn 21 and knew the U.S. government could draft him. Billy was exhausted and sick from swallowing oil and salt water, but he thought he would fit in better with the Navy than the Army, so he continued to fight. For days, the soldiers look care of the wounded volunteered to sign up. and worked to clean and repair the military base. In earty 1941, Navy recruit (new member) Bill Fomby reported Back home in Texas. Bill's family heard of the atlack. They for three months of basic training in San Diego. California, waited to lind out if Billy was safe. On Dec. 12. the family Afterward, he was assigned to his iirst job on board a large received word that Bill was missing. On Dec. 15, a telegram battleship named Ihe USS Oklahoma. The ship was stationed in arrived explaining thai Bill was now thought to be dead. With Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in the Pacific Ocean. great sadness, the family planned a memorial service for Dec. 22, While on board. Bill cleaned and took care of the large guns. 1941. That would have been Bill's 22nd birthday. On Christmas Bill was a hard worker and was liked by many officers on the ship. Day. the fiunily didn't feel like celebrating. They sal quietly In fact, Ihey suggested he work as a cook in the ship's kitchen so he and thought about the dear son they had lost. Suddenly, late on could get a promotion. Christmas morning, the family was startled by the telephone While Bill was cleaning up after breakfast Ihe morning of Dec. ringing. On the other end of the line was their beloved son, Billy, 7. 1941. he suddenly heard one of his fellow sailors shout from calling to wish them a Merry Christmas. Their courageous son Ihe deck, "Boy, they're having a lot of practice drills Ihis morning! was alive! Planes arc flying all over the place out here." The men watched for Bill Fomby continued to serve in the Navy for six more years. awhile, thinking the U.S. was jusl having practice drills. While being stationed all over the woHd, he worked cleanup and Suddenly, they heard cnes of panic. "Man the anti-aircraft guns! rescue operations in Japan after the atomic bombs were dropped on This is a real air raid! No joke!" The Japanese were attacking! the cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima in August 1945. After being Bill ran to his weapons. Suddenly the ship was bombarded with discharged in 1947, Bill relumed to Texas to marry and start a torpedoes. Bill clung to ship ladders while trying to reach his family, William Fomby never thought of himself as a hero, but what gun. The violent shaking of the ship tossed the men like rag dolls. a hero he is! Bill Fomby Oeft) served on the USS Ohlahoma. which was lunk at Pearl Harbor (iniet). A Changing America in the Second World War By 1941, the Uniied Suces was beginning lo feel 'A Date Which Will Live The Sacrifices of War as [hough ii just might pull ilsclfoul of [he Great The United Slates knew immediately that Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New in Infamy* Americans would have to pull together to Deal programs gave millions of Americans job The I'nited States tried lo slay out of Europe's win a victory overseas. Millions of men were opportunities. Jobs building roads.schools, bridges war. but it proved to be too difficult. I'nder FDR's drafted into, or forced and parks were popping up all across the country. leadership. Ihe U.S. began sending aid to Great Rural areas began getting elcclricit]' and telephones. Britain. Tliis angered Gennany. Our country's Air travel was also becoming common. Planes relationship with Japan was also hanging in ihe flew across the oceans of Ihe world, and industry balance when (he I'.S, put an embargo on shipments was beginning to grow again. However, in the of oil and rice to Japan. This meant the U.S. would background of America's climb to recovery was Ihe not allow trade of these products between the two war in Europe. countries. In 1939, Nazi Germany had invaded Poland. Aidawn on Dec. 7. 1941.over300 Japanese Because Great Britain and France promised to planes surprised the I'.S. naval base at Peari protect PcHand, Ibey immediately declared war. The Harbor. The aiiack killed 2.400 people in a mailer nightmare (d'Worid War It had begun. Americans of minutes. President Roosevelt said i[ was "a dale warned no pan in the war. In fact. Presideni which will live in infamy." By this, he meant [he Roosevell announced that the Linited Stales would attack would always be remembered as a dishonor slay out of the war. The pet^lc were so happy wilh to America. Wilhin days, the U.S. was ofliciatly al Ihis announccHKnt thai [hey re-elected Ihe president war wilh Germany and Japan. lo a diird term in office in 1940. USS Arizona was sunk during the Dec. 7,1941, attack on Paarl Harbor. Opposita. allied troops exit a landing craft at th*y storm th* btachcs at Normandy on Juna 6.1944. Dedicotion and Determination The 442nd Infantry The Tuskegee Regiment Goes For Broke Airmen Fight for During WWII, one group clearly stood the Right to Fly out as a brave group of soldiers. The 442nd Inf tintry Regiment was a group of At a time when many people Japanese American soldiers who served questioned the skill, courage and in the U,S, Army. They were stationed bravery of African American men. o moinly in Europe. People knew the group of very intelligent and skilled regiment to be an extremely dedicated men emerged. They were the Tuskegee and determined group of men. Many of Airmen, the first Africon American them were part of families forced to military pilots in America. These move to Japanese relocation camps. men learned to pilot airplanes and These comps were virtual prisons for trained in other military fields such Japanese Americans. For part of World as intelligence, meteorology ond War II, the U.S. government feared engine mechanics. However, people that people of Japanese ancestry might did not always treat the Tuskegee side with Japan. As a result. Japanese Airmen fairly. These men were often Americans weren't always treoted fairly. segregated and disrespected. They The soldiers of the 442nd Infantry even did not give up, thijugh. They overcame had to take a loyalty test beforejoining prejudice to become some of the most the military. Nevertheless, the 442nd highly respected fliers of World War Infontry became one of the most highly II, In addition, the Tuskegee Airmen decorated regiments in the history of the led the way for soldiers of oil races U.S. Armed Forces. They certoinly lived to serve together for the good of the up to their motto - "So for Brokel" nation. C [fU,VflMtaHI»t4-/lltli>l*in World War II and Its Unbreakable Code During World War II, the United In Navajo code, military terms were often States and Jopon tried to keep replaced with Navajo words for things they secrets from one another. This was resembled, or looked like. For example, the word very difficult because both sides for "torpedo" was "lo-be-ca," which means fish were able to break each other's shell in Navajo. Or. the Navajo word "ne-he- secret codes. Japan kept winning ma" for "our mother" was code for the word many of the battles because America." Some Navajo words represented U.S. secrets were tost. The U,S, letters of the alphabet. For example, the wanted to develop an unbreakoble Navajo word "be-la-sana" for the English word code, or system of secret "apple" that started with the letter "A" simply communication. A city engineer represented the letter "A." from Los Angeles, Colifornia, The Japanese were unable Philip Johnston, came up with to crack the code no matter the idea of using the American how hard they tried. However, Indian Navajo language as a the U,S, was still able to starting point for the code. He interpret Japan's secret knew o code using the longuage messages. This meant the would be difficult to break. Navajo has United States soon had the no alphabet, and most people cannot learn to upper hand in battles. In the speak it unless they are taught as children. end, the Navajo Code Talkers' A group of Novqjo men worked to develop work saved many lives and the code. They were called Navajo Code ended World War II much Talkers, Soon the U.S. was able to send secret faster. messages bock and forth among troops. Texas Fifth Grade Studies Weekly Week 25 Teacher Supplement The New Deal This Week's Standards TEKS: 5A,5C,13A,13B,13C, 13D, 13E. 17E, 19BJ9C,21B,23B.23C,24A,24B,24C,24E,25A.25B, 25D, 25E ELA/RTEKS: I A, IB, IC, ID, 2C, 3B,4,6A, 6C,6F, 6G, 6H,6I,7B, 7C, 7D,7E, 7F, 7G,9Di, 9Dii, lOA, 10B, IOC, llA, llBi, llBii, nC, lIDi, llDix, lIDx, llDxi, HE, 13C,13D, 13E, 13H ELPS: I.D.1,2.C.1,2.C.2,2.I.3,2.I.5,3.B.2,3.G.1,3.G.2.3.H.3,4.D.1,4.E.1,4.F.1,4.F.2,4.G.2,4.G.3,4.G.4 Words to Know New Deal - economic measures introduced by FDR to counteract the Great Depression granite - very hard igneous rock fund - to provide money for polio — a viral disease affecting nerve cells on the brain stem pension - a regular payment made by the government to people of or above the official retirement age and to some widows and disabled people confidence - the feeling or belief that one can rely on someone or something guidebook — a handbook of information, especially for tourists mural - a large painting on a wall musician - anyone who writes, sings or plays music, especially an instrument Theme Words • change • programs • relief Suggested Literature "FDR's Alphabet Soup: New Deal America, 1932-1939" by Tonya Bolden "Out of the Dust" by Karen Hesse "The Great Depression & the New Deal" by Carole Marsh "The Mystery at Mount Rushmore" by Carole Marsh "Climbing out of the Great Depression: the New Deal" by Sean Price "Children of the Dust Bowl: the True Story of the School at Weedpatch Camp" by Jerry Stanley Summary of Previous Lessons Last week students learned about the events surrounding the United States' rise to a world power during World War I. Students studied how the U.S. became involved in the war, and how the war was finally settled with the Treaty of Versailles. Students then learned how. following WWl,the United States settled into a period of "boom" during the Roaring '20s. Students also learned that this boom period of flappers and jazz turned to despair when the stock market crashed on Oct. 29, 1929. Black Tuesday, as it came to be known, led the country into a period of economic depression. Banks closed, businesses failed and people were left jobless and often homeless. Some out of workers ended up living in shantytowns known as Hoovervllles in "honor" of President Hoover's seemingly uncaring policies. Many people fled to areas of the country where migrant farming offered 280 Name ACROSS I. to look like 3. to offer to serve 5. Dec. 7 attack site: Harbor 7. forced to serve in the military 8. trade ban \unbreakable code language DOWN 1. Japanese Americons were forced to live in camps. 2. system of secret communication 4. type of stamp used to buy goods during war 6. U.S.. Great Britain, France, Soviet Union: powers As you read this week's lesson, circle or highlight all proper nouns with any color pen or highlighter. This will help you find some of the crossword answers and get ready for this week's lest. Allied and Axis Powers Use information in this week's issue along with other b) Hiroshima resources in your classroom (such as books or computer c) Nagosaki resources) to complete the following map activity. d) Normandy 4. Draw a map key to show what the colors and symbols 1. Color the countries of the Allied forces red. stand for. 2. Color the countries of the Axis forces blue. 5. Give your map a title. 3. Use symbols to identify and label the following locations 6. Drow 0 composs rose with both cardinal and intermediate on the map: directions. o) Tuskegee. Alabama Texas Fifth Grade Studies Weekly Week 26 Teacher Supplement World War II This Week's Standards TEKS: 5A,5C,6A,6B,8A,8B, 13AJ3B, 13C, 13E, 19B, 19C, 23B, 23C. 24B. 24C, 24E. 25A. 25B, 25C, 25D,25E ELA/RTEKS: lA, IB, IC, ID, 2C, 3B,4,6A, 6C, 6F,6G, 6H,6I,7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F,7G, 9Di,9Dii, lOA, lOB, IOC, 11 A, llBi, llBii, lie, lIDi, llDix, lIDx, llDxi. HE, 12C, 13C, 13D, 13E, 13H ELPS: I.D.1,2.C.I,2.C.2,2.I.3,2.I.5,3.B.2,3.G.1,3.G.2,3.H.3,4.D.I,4.E.1,4.F.1,4.F.2,4.G.2,4.G.3,4.G.4 Words to Know embargo - a trade ban infamy - dishonor; shameful; bad reputation recruit - new member of a group ration - to limit the supply of a good or service Allied forces in WWII - Great Britain, France, the U.S. and the Soviet Union, all of which organized to fight against the Axis powers Axis forces in WWII - Germany, Italy, Japan, all of which fought against the Allied forces code - a system of words, letters, figures or symbols used to represent others, especially for the purposes of secret communication Navajo Code Talkers - WWI soldiers who used their own language to develop a secret code system used by the U.S. military drafted - called into military service against one's own will volunteer - to offer to serve, to do something by one's own choice torpedo - a cigar-shaped, self-propelled underwater missile designed to be fired from a ship or submarine or dropped into the water from an aircraft and to explode upon reaching a target Japanese relocation camps - camps used to house Americans of Japanese descent during WWII Theme Words • service • sacrifice • persuasion Suggested Literature "World War II" (DK Eyewitness Books) by Simon Adams 'The Good Fight: How World War II Was Won" by Stephen E. Ambrose "Code Talker; A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two" by Joseph Bruchac "A Boy at War; A Novel of Pearl Harbor" by Harry Mazer "World War 11" by Tom McGowen "D-day Landings; the Story of the Allied Invasion" (DK Readers) by Richard Piatt Summary of Previous Lessons Last week, students learned how the Great Depression affected millions of Americans in the United States. Millions of people lost their jobs, homes and hope. Banks and businesses failed. The nation was in a downward ACROSS ' 6. feeling of trust or belief I 7, carving of four presidents' faces: Mount I 9. Roosevelt's plan I DOWN I 1. FDR's disease I 2. New Deal program that built dams and provided I . electricity: _____ Valley Authority . ' 3. to pay for ' I 4. someone who might use a guidebook | 5. retirement paycheck As you read this week's lesson, circle or highlrght I 8. wall painting | all proper nouns with any color pen or highlighter. 10. theater performer This will help you find some of the crossword answers and get ready for this week's test. Point of View Read the following quotes by Presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt. They are about the problems of the people before and during the Great Depression. Answer the questions below. Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt "We in America today are "The test of our progress nearer to the final triumph is not whether we add more over poverty than ever before to the abundance of those in the history of any land. The who have much; it is whether poorhouse is vanishing from we provide enough for those among us." -1928 who have too little." -1937 "Economic depression cannot "... true individual freedom be cured by legislative action cannot exist without economic or executive pronouncement. security and independence. Economic wounds must be ... People who ore hungry healed by the action of the and out of ajob are the stuff cells of the economic body - of which dictatorships are the producers and consumers made." -1944 themselves." -1930 1. How did Herbert Hoover feel the United States economy 3. What does Roosevelt say that lets readers know he believes was doing in 1928? a successful nation is one in which ail people are taken care of? 2. Who did Hoover believe was responsible for solving the nation's economic problems in 1930? How do you know this? 4. Whot is Roosevelt trying to worn the country of in his 1944 quote? Clarity of Expression: FDR and the Four Freedoms For mosl people around the world, [he years Presjdenl Roosevelt delivered to Congress a the freedom of speech and expression, the freedom of economic depression and war between \')29 hisiofic speech, which we now call the Four of worship for every person, the freedom from and ]')45 were dark and dangerous. Resources Freedoms Speech. After years of economic wants such as hunger and lack of shelter and the such as rood, clothing and fuel were In short depre.ssion. his words were not angry. When world freedom from fear. supply. Families were often lorn apart as parents war was happening, his tone was not herce or How are we doing? Have we achieved those looked for work, served in ihe armed forces, or mean. But knowing thai there were slill darker freedoms for everyone? F.verywhere? as children were sent to safe, sheltered areas. Il days of war lo come for many, he spoke with To read or listen lo the entire speech, with was a tinie of stress and hardship, when people passion about peace, good fortune, safety and the Ihe permission of a parent or teacher go to: desperately looked to leaders for safetj and hope. freedoms that humans everywhere deserve. "In (he http:'/www,americanrhcloric,com/spceches/ In the United Stales, that leader was I-rankiin D. future days," Roosevelt said, "we look forward fdrthefourfreedoms.htm. To see the paintings by Roosevelt, our ,)2nd president who served frorri to a world founded upon four essential human Norman Rockwell inspired by the Four Freedoms: 19.13 to 1945. freedoms." Even today those four freedoms are http:'/www,archi ves.gov'exhibits/powers_of_ essential (important). Can you list them',' They are: During thai lime of chaos, on Jan. 6. 1941. persuasion/fou r_fre edo ms / four^f reedoms .html SW26 A Changing America During the Second World War 1. Which event happened first? a. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor b. U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan c. The Allied attack on D-Day d. The Nazi invasion of Poland 2. What event caused the United States to officially declare war on Germany and Japan? a. The Great Depression b. Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor c. The Nazi invasion of Poland d. The Allied attack on D-Day 3. How did World War II change America? a. The atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. b. People began to grow food in Victory Gardens. c. The United States started its policy to ration food. d. The United States changed their focus from economic recovery to working together to defeat Germany and Japan. SW26 A Strike in the Pacific 1. What event took place on December 7, 1941? a. the bombing of Pearl Harbor b. The New Deal was signed c. the end of WWII d. Abraham Lincoln was assassinated 2. What did the men initially think was happening? a. They thought there were practice drills going on. b. They knew they were being bombed. c. They did not notice anything on that morning. d. They thought there was an air show. 3. Why was Bill presumed to be dead? a. He was on another ship fighting. b. He didn't want anyone to know where he was hiding. c. He was stationed to a ship that was destroyed by bombers. d. He was helping the Japanese. SW26 Dedication and Determination 1. What was the 442nd Infantry Regiment willing to do? a. They were willing to fly combat airplanes for the U.S. military. b. They were willing to risk everything to fight for the U.S. Army while stationed in Europe. c. They were willing to spy for America against Japan. d. They risked their lives to live in the American Japanese camps. 2. Why did the Tuskegee Airmen have to fight for their rights to fly? a. They neither had the skills nor training to fly. b. As black Americans, they were discriminated against for their race and were treated unfairly. c. They did not sign up for the military like other men. d. They were not loyal to the country. 3. What did both the Infantry Regiment and Tuskegee Airmen have in common? a. They were well trained in intelligence and spied for the U.S. against the enemies. b. They were highly respected soldiers in the U.S. Navy. c. They had to fight against prejudice to serve the country with good intentions. d. They had to submit to loyalty tests before they could enlist in the army. SW26 World War II and its Unbreakable Code 1. What was happening to the United States secret war codes during WWII? a. They were using the same codes. b. The Japanese kept breaking the secret codes of the U.S. c. Both codes were in Japanese, so the Japanese knew the codes. d. They had the same code system as the Japanese. 2. Why was the Navajo code an unbreakable code? a. most of the code dealt with animals b. only old people know it c. it has no alphabet d. the code was so easy to break, even someone that could not read could figure it out 3. Describe how the Navajo Code Talkers helped the Americans win the war. a. They fought the other Indian tribes that were against the United States. b. The Navajo code could not be broken by the Japanese and many lives were saved. c. The Navajo Indians became generals in WWII. d. The Navajo Indians went in before the U.S. soldiers and kept the U.S. soldiers safe.