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1. in Order to Defeat the Japanese in the Pacific During World War II, The

1. in Order to Defeat the Japanese in the Pacific During World War II, The

Unit 5 Study Guide

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1. In to defeat the Japanese in the Pacific 3. Even though President Roosevelt supported the during World War II, the used which Allies with war supplies before 1941, why was the of the following tactics? United States unable to enter the war until after the bombing of Pearl Harbor? A. B. Genocide A. The Supreme Court disapproved of war. C. Trench warfare D. Island-hopping B. Most citizens refused to support England.

C. Many state governors approved of the Axis.

D. Most of Congress refused to support a war.

2. Each box below contains a statement about the atomic bomb.

I Dropping bombs on Japan saved two million American lives.

II Many scientists, including and J. Oppenheimer, helped develop the first atomic bombs.

III The atomic bomb dropped on was delivered by the bomber named the Enola Gray.

IV The code for the project that developed the atomic bomb was the Project.

Which of the statements is an opinion about the atomic bomb?

A. I B. II C. III D. IV

page 1 4. 5. In 1943, the Recruiting Publicity Bureau published this poster.

Source: Library of Congress Which of the following numbers correctly identifies the body of water over which American military What does this poster indicate about involvement forces conducted the D-Day Invasion during World in World War n for the United States? War II? A. Military service was a profitable career for A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 women. B. Protecting the home front was a public obligation for women.

C. Political participation was a citizenship requirement for women.

D. Assisting the military mission was a patriotic action for women.

page 2 Unit 5 Study Guide 6. 8. During World War II, what was the primary duty of the Navajo Code Talkers?

A. interpreting confiscated German plans

B. transmitting secret messages to U.S. forces during combat

C. translating confidential Japanese communications D. informing the press about the number of Which area designated on the map above shows Allied war casualties where the United States military was attacked in 1941?

A. I B. II C. III D. IV

9. Which statement correctly defines the ? 7. How did the United States’ goal in World War II differ from its goal in ? A. It provided assistance to rebuild after World War II. A. The United States fought to end the war B. It increased the involvement of the United quickly. States in the . B. The United States fought for unconditional C. It created an agency for providing surrender. humanitarian aid to developing countries. C. The United States fought to bring about a D. It established a policy of providing military lasting peace. aid to countries resisting . D. The United States fought to preserve freedom and .

page 3 Unit 5 Study Guide 12. Which advertising campaign represents the 10. Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date which expanding role of women in the workplace during will live in infamy. . . World War II?

—from a speech by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Congress A. “Loose Lips Sink Ships”

B. “The Harvest is Plentiful” The purpose of Roosevelt’s speech was to persuade Congress to C. “

D. “Sweetless, Meatless, Wheatless Days” A. end all trade with Japan.

B. declare war on Japan.

C. condemn Japan’s aggression in China.

D. support dropping an atomic bomb on Hiroshima.

13. The quotation below is from a speech by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Congress in 1941.

New circumstances are constantly begetting new needs for our safety. I shall ask this Congress . . . for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations. Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for 11. The purpose of the was to them as well as for ourselves.

—Franklin D. Roosevelt, A. provide economic aid to Latin American “” speech (1941) countries.

B. develop atomic weapons for the U.S. military. Which government program was President Roosevelt proposing in this speech? C. bring about an end to poverty in U.S. urban areas. D. offer assistance to relocated European A. the Marshall Plan refugees. B. the Lend-Lease Act

C. the Manhattan Project

D. the

page 4 Unit 5 Study Guide 14. When the United States entered World War II, it 17. In comparison to the earlier conferences at became allied with— Casablanca and Teheran, the meetings at Yalta and Potsdam were more focused upon A. Britain. B. Japan. A. postwar issues. C. Germany. D. Italy. B. military supply issues.

C. long–term military planning.

D. technological developments.

15. One consequence of World War II was that the United States 18. Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date that will A. returned to its isolationist tendencies live in infamy. . . .

B. avoided foreign conflicts —President Franklin Roosevelt, December 8, 1941 C. remained deeply involved in world affairs What was President Roosevelt referring to in his D. reduced its military spending speech?

A. a police attack on strikers in Detroit

B. the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor

C. an explosion in a West Virginia coal mine

D. the collapse of the New York Stock Exchange

16. Partly because Japanese Americans living on the West Coast during World War II were considered security risks, they were

A. forced to give up their U.S. citizenship. 19. Which event caused the U.S. government to move B. barred from military service throughout the from isolationism to a declaration of war in 1941? war.

C. moved from their homes to internment camps. A. the fall of France

D. prohibited by law from seeking employment B. the with the federal government. C.

D. the

page 5 Unit 5 Study Guide 20. The cartoon depicts negotiations during World 21. War II.

The poster above shows that during World War II, Source: Franklin D. Roosevelt Library civilians on the home front—

How did the ultimatum expressed in this 1943 A. faced extreme personal hardships. cartoon affect World War II? B. were hired to distribute surplus food. A. It led to the Battle of Britain. C. experienced rationing of meat products. B. It resulted in the bombing of Pearl Harbor. D. were encouraged to participate in the war C. It led to the atomic bombing of and effort. Hiroshima. D. It resulted in the territorial divisions of Germany and Italy.

page 6 Unit 5 Study Guide 22. Which of the following contributed most to 24. Why did President Truman decide to use the President Truman’s decision to use the atomic atomic bomb near the end of World War II? bomb against Japan? A. The Japanese Empire had to be taken out of A. The belief that an invasion of Japan would the war in order for the Allies to defeat Nazi cause massive United States casualties Germany.

B. The desire to retaliate against Japanese B. Truman wanted to save the lives of U.S. kamikaze bombers soldiers who would have to invade mainland Japan. C. The need to conserve troops for the war effort in Europe C. The decision was an attempt to show U.S. military strength to communist China. D. The desire to demonstrate United States technological superiority D. Truman believed that the Allies could not defeat Japan otherwise.

25. Use the following statements to answer the following question.

• People had ration books that were used to buy necessary products like shoes, gasoline, and certain foods. 23. Why did President Franklin D. Roosevelt refrain from intervening in Europe during the rise of • People grew “victory gardens” in their totalitarian regimes in Germany and Italy? backyards to feed their and observed meatless days to reduce meat consumption. A. A large portion of the American public did not support U.S. involvement in Europe. • People recycled glass, all kinds of metals, and newspapers. B. President Roosevelt did not believe the U.S. military could defeat the German military. • Women filled many jobs traditionally held by men and joined the military as WACs C. The leaders of Britain and France did and WAVEs. not want the United States intervening in European affairs. Which of the following is most closely associated with the descriptions above? D. President Roosevelt was afraid a prolonged war would furtherdamage the weakened U.S. economy. A. supporting the war effort during World War II

B. dealing with shortages during the Depression

C. supporting environmental programs through conservation D. dealing with shortages of critical products during the

page 7 Unit 5 Study Guide 26. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, what new action 27. The poster shown below is from World War II. did the United States take to aid Jews?

A. It created shelter programs.

B. It recognized Israel as a state.

C. It helped locate lost relatives.

D. It provided monetary compensation.

This World War II poster was made to encourage women to

A. buy war bonds.

B. enlist in the military.

C. plant victory gardens.

D. work in defense industries.

page 8 Unit 5 Study Guide 28. The main justification for the internment of 30. The U.S. Congress passed a series of neutrality Japanese Americans after the bombing of Pearl acts beginning in August 1935 in response to Harbor in 1941 was to— A. British requests to blockade German ports. A. protect them from anti-Japanese riots and demonstrations. B. American antiwar sentiment. B. preserve the security of the United States. C. the German .

C. adhere to the Open Door Policy. D. the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor.

D. prevent leaks about the development of the atomic bomb.

31. Which of the following events had the greatest influence on the United States’ entry into World 29. War II?

A. invaded Poland.

B. Germany sank the Lusitania.

C. Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

D. MacArthur was captured in the Philippine Islands.

32. Many Americans opposed the 1941 Lend–Lease Act because they feared it would

The best explanation for the trend in national defense spending between 1945 and 1950 is the— A. draw the United States into the war in Europe. B. cause the country to fall into an economic A. division of the United Nations. recession.

B. end of World War II. C. be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. C. onset of the Cold War. D. place the United States in violation of the D. creation of the . Versailles Treaty.

page 9 Unit 5 Study Guide 33. What was an impact of World War II on American 35. Use the list below to answer the following politics? question.

A. The U.S. president issued a foreign policy A. George Patton statement that announced American neutrality. B. Dwight Eisenhower B. The U.S. government adopted a budget policy that reduced military spending. C. Bernard Montgomery C. The U.S. Congress enacted free market reforms to boost a faltering economy. D. Douglas MacArthur

D. The U.S. pursued containment policies to E. Erwin Rommel prevent the spread of communism. In which chapter in a United States history textbook would the people listed above most likely appear?

A. The Great War, 1914–1919

B. Allied Victory in World War II, 1941–1945

C. Early Cold War Struggles, 1946–1956

D. The Battle over Vietnam, 1954–1973

34. In 1944, the Supreme Court upheld the internment of Japanese Americans residing on the West Coast by ruling that the actions were

A. part of an international agreement with U.S. 36. How did World War II impact the lives of African allies. Americans from 1941–1945? B. approved by both houses of Congress. A. were widely elected to C. allowed under the Fourteenth Amendment. public office.

D. necessary for national security. B. African Americans served with whites in desegregated military units.

C. Civil rights reforms greatly improved the social status of African Americans. D. Defense industry jobs led many African Americans to migrate from the South.

page 10 Unit 5 Study Guide 37. In , President Franklin Roosevelt 38. The diagram describes some significant events in signed 9066. the relationship between Japan and the United States. I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War . . . to prescribe military areas in such places . . . from which any or all persons may be excluded, and . . . the right of any person to Which event completes the diagram? enter, remain, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions A. Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander B. United States Attacks Nagasaki may impose in his discretion. C. United States Prohibits Asian Immigration Why did the United States government move D. Japanese Internment Camps Are Constructed Japanese Americans on the West Coast into internment camps during the war?

A. The government believed that national security outweighed individual rights.

B. The government believed that national unity overshadowed individual rights.

C. The government believed that Japanese Americans needed to prove their patriotism.

D. The government believed that Japanese Americans needed to be protected from racism.

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Unit 5 Study Guide 10/26/2016

1. 21. Answer: D Answer: D 2. 22. Answer: A Answer: A 3. 23. Answer: D Answer: A 4. 24. Answer: C Answer: B 5. 25. Answer: D Answer: A 6. 26. Answer: A Answer: B 7. 27. Answer: B Answer: D 8. 28. Answer: B Answer: B 9. 29. Answer: A Answer: B 10. 30. Answer: B Answer: B 11. 31. Answer: B Answer: C 12. 32. Answer: C Answer: A 13. 33. Answer: B Answer: D 14. 34. Answer: A Answer: D 15. 35. Answer: C Answer: B 16. 36. Answer: C Answer: D 17. 37. Answer: A Answer: A 18. 38. Answer: B Answer: A 19. Answer: D 20. Answer: C