1981 Restoration of Minimum Benefit and Other Changes

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

1981 Restoration of Minimum Benefit and Other Changes AMENDMENTS TO THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 1981 RESTORATION OF MINIMUM BENEFIT AND OTHER CHANGES H.R. 4331 PUBLIC LAW 97-123— 97TH CONGRESS DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Social Security Administration AMENDMENTS TO THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 1981 RESTORATION OF MINIMUM BENEFIT AND OTHER CHANGES H.R. 4331 PUBLIC LAW 97-1 23 — 97TH CONGRESS BILL, DEBATES, AND ACT DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Social Security Administration Office of Legislative and Regulatory Policy PREFACE Thisone-volume compilation contains historical documents pertaining to P.L. 97-123, the Restoration of Minimum Benefit and Other Changes, amending the Social Security Act. The book contains congressional debate, a chronological compilation of documents pertinent to the legislative history of the public law and listings of relevant reference materials. Pertinent documents include: • Differing versions of key bills • The Public Law • Legislative history The books are prepared by the Office of Legislative and Regulatory Policy, Legislative Reference Office, and are designed to serve as helpful resource tools for those charged with interpreting laws administered by the Social Security Administration. Elliot A. Kirschbaum, Director Office of Legislative and Regulatory Policy TABLE OF CONTENTS Restoration of Minimum Benefit and Other Changes—P.L. 97-123 (HR. 4331) I.Considered and Passed House A. House Debate—Congressional Record—July 31, 1981 B. House-passed Bill H.R. 4331 (As Referred to the Senate)—July 31, 1981 II. Considered and Passed Senate A. Senate Debate—Congressional Record—July 31, and October 14-15, 1981 B. Senate-passed Bill H.R. 4331 (amended)—October 15, 1981 III. House and Senate Conference (reconciling the differences between the two Houses) A. House Appointed Conferees—Congressional Record—November 4, 1981 B. Senate Appointed Conferees—Congressional Record—November 4, 1981 C. Conference Report Filed House Report No. 97-409—December 14, 1981 D. Senate Agreed to Conference Report—Congressional Record—December 15, 1981 E. House Agreed to Conference Report—Congressional Record—December 16, 1981 IV. Public Law A. P.L. 97-123—97th Congress—Signed December 29, 1981 B. President's Signing Statement—December 29, 1981 C. Restoration of Certain Minimum Benefits and Other OASDI Program Changes: Legislative History and Summary of Provisions—Reprint from Social Security Bulletin—March 1982 Listing of Reference. Materials NOTE: No House or Senate Committee Reports filed on this bill July 31,1981 CONGRESSIONALRECORD —HOUSE H 5743 PARLIAMENTARYINQUIRY Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I have a parliamentary inquiry. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. FRANK). The gentleman will state it. Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I Inquire of the Chair whether the papers of the reconciliation package, H.R. 3982, are in the possession of the House. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Yes, they are. Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I would further inquire, isit customary for these papers to remain in the posses- sion of the House at the conclusion of a conference committee, and in this in- stance, were they retained at the con- clusion of the conference committee, or were they more recently delivered to the House? The SPEAKER pro tempore, Yes, the Chair would say to the gentleman It is customary for the papers to be transferred to the House which agree to the conference—and is to act first on the report—at the conclusion of a successful conference. Mr. VENTO. In this case, Mr. Speak- er, were the papers retained by the House conferees on the matter of the reconciliation conference? The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- dently not, because they were brought back to the House this morning at about 9:15 by a .messenger from the other body. 744 - CONGRESSIONALRECORD —HOUSE July 31, 1981 . VTO. Mr.Speaker, in otherprogram which might be called socialitis going to be honored in all of its this zielatcd one of the tenetssecurity. But there is a fundamentaldetails. And one of those details gives tit we hive in terms of considera-difference between a social Insuranceto the Rules Committee a particular program that guarantees to its mem-function and the Rules Committee is to hafr, bers that as they contribute and asgoing to exercise that function in this The CPàKER pro tempore. Thethey are blanketed in, they have aparticular matter with a great deal of Cufr would advise the gentlemanright under a social compact. care. That is not a threat. ft is not a that this deviated from custom but did promise. It Is a statement ot fact u©t socisUy violate the rules of the 0 1200 The SPEAKER. Thegentleman That I believe is the early theory offrom Illinois (Mr. MI cSTSL) Is recog- !3OLLNCMr.Speaker, pursu-social security. nized for 30 mInutes. peovislons Qf House Resolu• Now. itis perfectly legitimate for (Mr MICHEL asked and was given a1l up the bill (H.R. 4331)peoplewhosepredecessorsfought against the social security system Inpermission to revise and extend his re- to amend the Onn1bus Reconciliation marks.) ct at 1 to restore•.minimum bene.the thirties to say today that the the under the heclal Security Act, andsocial security system should be differ- Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, here we lt lmmed1te ccssideration. ent, that it should be and is in effect aare again on this very sensitive Issue Terk read the bilL as follows: need-oriented program, purely andof social security. I must confess that I simply. have not exactly been beseeched for 1LR 4331 requests on my side tO speak to opposh the $ate and House of I do not have any objection to that srsoentatses of theUnited States ofargument. It is here. It is with us. Buttion to what the thrust of this bill Is 4me?isa inigres ussembzed; That (a) ef-it is terribly important that the peoplehere today. tctlve & of the date of the enactment ofof the country begin to look at that ar- But recognizing the resonslb1lity the Onttos get eoondll1atlon Act ofgument and the meaning of the differ-'for what It is, I should like t© make a iesi, ection 2C01 of that Act (relating toerit points of view. few observations, then yield to those repeal of ulnimuin benefit provisions) is re- I very strongly hold to the notionMembers who similarly would like to that I desezibed as a social securityexpress themocives. (hI çt t© sectisuof this Act, the ©vhiorn of the Sochi Sccuhty Act affect-system, a social insurance compact, It might surprise some Merobem of the provisIons of such section 2201not means tested, except in a very,this body to learn that this Member, shall to in chest as of date of the enact-very limited degree, but designed to beas outspoken as he has been on this of the Ossnibus Budget Reconciliationsensible, fair and contributory. and other issues wi-ion he was a junior of as such provisions Would be In I want to serve notice on everybodyCongressman, was one of the original chest it such section 1201 had not been en-in the institution—and I have neversponsors of legislation to tie social se- acted. done this before—that the Rules Com-curity benefits to the cost-of-living The PAKER pro tempore. Pursü-mittee and its chairman are going toindex three Congresses before we ae-- ant to the rule, the gentleman frombe involved in the legislative processtually adopted it, because I was so sick kiouh (1r oLuxa) will be recog-on this. 'rhere is not going to be any.and tired of the bidding war that wont for 3 nsinntes, and the gentle-more of blanketing this issue into gen-on between parties on who was going an from Illinois (Mr. Mzc) will be• eral legislation. to vote the biggest increase in any k€euØaicd f dv 30 minutes. Those of my colleagues who do notgiven year. ¶'hailr recognizes the gentlemanunderstand what that means should Incidentally, regarding the cast-of- tram hties©url (Mr. BOLTING). - consult with those who are experts inliving index, it takes us about 6 or 7 htSO bOLLING. Mr.Speaker, I yieldprocedure because Itis going to be• years to devise revisions of that Index. t minutes. very difficult to consider the necessaryIt rankles me no end that it takes so Mr. Speaker, I do not know howpackage to cure the problems of thelong. By the time we get- the index re- mush of the time we have on this billsocial security system without havingvIsed to reflect new figures, they are' is going to be taken up. This Is,it,a rule on the bill that does it. already obsolete. But those are the seems to roe, one of the most Impor- I happen to believe that there arefacts of life. But as I said, Mel Laird, tant issues that the Congress is goingproblems in the system, short-rangeJack Betts, who used to serve on our to deal with. This Congress in its twoproblems and long-range problems. IWays and 'Means Committee, and I sessions is not going to have a morehappen to believe that we have tohad talked about tying t.hè' social secu' important Issue than the issueofarrive at legitimate, fair cqmpromlsesrity system to the cost-of-living index social security. I think it is very, veryto achieve the desiredresult, andfor some time, so I do not come to the Ineportunt for all who are directly in.those compromises range all the waywell of the House today as one insensi- valved In the legislative process to un.from making up the deficit from thetive to the, social security problem and derstand that thisIs one Issue ongeneral fund to drastically curtailing solventso that which the Rules Committee Is going tobenefits dlready committed. the need to keep it - take a very special interest. I just want to give the shape of thepeople will continue to receive the That is so because the Rules Com-distance that thereis between thebenefits to which they are entitled.
Recommended publications
  • Social Security Fraud
    Social Security Fraud In This Issue Prosecuting Social Security Number Misuse: Attacking Identity Theft at its Source ........................................................ 1 January By John K. Webb 2005 Volume 53 Using Electronic Evidence to Litigate Social Security Cases: Considering Number 1 the Implications of the Social Security Administration's New Signature Alternatives on Applications ..................................... 16 United States Department of Justice By Joseph Grow Executive Office for United States Attorneys Prosecuting Employers for Wage and Earnings Violations under the Office of Legal Education Washington, DC Social Security Act and the Internal Revenue Code .................. 23 20535 By John K. Webb Mary Beth Buchanan Director Overview of the Social Security Administration's Civil Monetary Penalty Contributors’ opinions and statements should not be Program: Applying Sections 1129 and 1140 of the Social Security Act .. 34 considered an endorsement by By Julia Chu and Jonathan Morse EOUSA for any policy, program, or service. The United States Attorneys’ Bulletin is published pursuant to 28 CFR § 0.22(b). The United States Attorneys’ Bulletin is published bi-monthly by the Executive Office for United States Attorneys, Office of Legal Education, 1620 Pendleton Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29201. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C. Postmaster: Send address changes to Editor, United States Attorneys’ Bulletin, Office of Legal Education, 1620 Pendleton Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29201. Managing Editor Jim Donovan Technical Editor Nancy Bowman Law Clerk Carolyn Perozzi Internet Address www.usdoj.gov/usao/ reading_room/foiamanuals. html Send article submissions to Managing Editor, United States Attorneys’ Bulletin, National Advocacy Center, Office of Legal Education, 1620 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC 29201. Prosecuting Social Security Number Misuse: Attacking Identity Theft at its Source John K.
    [Show full text]
  • Historia De La OFICINA DE LA INFANCIA
    Historia de la OFICINA DE LA INFANCIA Cien años al servicio de los niños y las familias de nuestra nación Índice Introducción Nacimiento de una era . 3 Progreso para los niños . 5 Capítulo 1 Cooperación Antes . 9 Ahora . 11 Capítulo 2 Ayuda a estados y tribus Antes . 13 Ahora . 16 Capítulo 3 Investigación e información Antes . 20 Ahora . 24 Capítulo 4 Difusión del mensaje Antes . 28 Ahora . 31 Capítulo 5 Liderazgo Antes . 34 Ahora . 37 Historia de la OFICINA DE LA INFANCIA Introducción Nacimiento de una era La Oficina de la Infancia, como primer organismo federal dedicado al bienestar de los niños, lleva mucho tiempo ocupándose de algunos de los problemas sociales más apremiantes que enfrenta Estados Unidos. Estos problemas han cambiado con el transcurrir de los años. En sus inicios, la oficina se ocupaba de temas como mortalidad infantil, hijos dependientes y trabajo infantil, mientras que ahora las preocupaciones principales son maltrato infantil y prevención del abandono, cuidado de crianza temporal y servicios de adopción. No obstante, los valores que subyacían a nuestro trabajo en sus primeras etapas y muchos de los métodos fundamentales a los que recurríamos para materializarlos aún perduran; incluidos cooperación, ayuda a estados y tribus, investigación y recopilación de información, campañas de sensibilización social y formación de líderes. A principios del siglo pasado, las condiciones de los niños en Estados Unidos eran muy diferentes a las de hoy. Más de uno de diez bebés no sobrevivía al primer año. Muchos niños desertaban de la escuela para ayudar a conseguir el sustento de sus familias, por lo general, trabajando en condiciones peligrosas.
    [Show full text]
  • Master List of Terms and Concepts : 20 Century Topics, Emphasizing the Americas
    Master List of Terms and Concepts : 20th Century Topics, Emphasizing the Americas Early 20th Century- Year 1 Unit 1 - The development of modern nations 1865-1929 (8 Weeks) “Cross of Gold” Chicago School of Architecture “Melting Pot” theory Cornelius Vanderbilt AFL Coxey’s Army Andrew Carnegie Edward Bellamy Bland-Allison Act (1878) Emma Lazarus Boss Tweed Gilded Age Carry Nation Gold bugs Gospel of Wealth Railroad Strike of 1877 Haymarket Riot (1886) Robber Barons Henry George Samuel Gompers Homestead Strike (1892) Settlement Movement Horatio Alger Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) Jacob Riis Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890) Jane Addams Silver bugs Jay Gould Social Darwinism John D. Rockefeller Social Gospel Knights of Labor Thomas A. Edison Louis Sullivan Thomas Nast Mark Hanna U. S. v. E. C. Knight (1890) Panic of 1893 William Jennings Bryan Pendleton Act (1885) William Lloyd Wright Pullman Strike (1894) Yellow-dog contract Unit 2 - Emergence of the Americas in global affairs 1880-1929 (10 Weeks) Treaty of Kanagawa Pancho Villa “Seward’s Folly” John J. Pershing Alfred Thayer Mahan “Colossus of the North Jingoism James G. Blaine Yellow journalism Pan-Americanism William Randolph Hearst U. S. S. Maine Spanish-American War (1898) Commodore Matthew Perry De Lome Letter Commodore Dewey Remember the Maine, to Hell with Spain! Treaty of Paris (1898) Rough Riders Walter Reed Queen Liliukalani Insular Cases Emilio Aguinaldo Teller Amendment “White Man’s Burden” protectorate Anti-Imperialist League John Hay, Secretary of State Platt Amendment Boxer Rebellion Open Door Policy Teddy Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy Roosevelt Corollary Clayton-Bulwer Treaty Panama Canal Nationalism Gentleman’s Agreement First Battle of the Somme Treaty of Portsmouth (1905) Militarism “Dollar Diplomacy” Trench warfare Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.
    [Show full text]
  • One Hundred Twelfth Congress of the United States of America
    H. R. 3630 One Hundred Twelfth Congress of the United States of America AT THE SECOND SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Tuesday, the third day of January, two thousand and twelve An Act To provide incentives for the creation of jobs, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012’’. (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. TITLE I—EXTENSION OF PAYROLL TAX REDUCTION Sec. 1001. Extension of payroll tax reduction. TITLE II—UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT CONTINUATION AND PROGRAM IMPROVEMENT Sec. 2001. Short title. Subtitle A—Reforms of Unemployment Compensation to Promote Work and Job Creation Sec. 2101. Consistent job search requirements. Sec. 2102. State flexibility to promote the reemployment of unemployed workers. Sec. 2103. Improving program integrity by better recovery of overpayments. Sec. 2104. Data exchange standardization for improved interoperability. Sec. 2105. Drug testing of applicants. Subtitle B—Provisions Relating To Extended Benefits Sec. 2121. Short title. Sec. 2122. Extension and modification of emergency unemployment compensation program. Sec. 2123. Temporary extension of extended benefit provisions. Sec. 2124. Additional extended unemployment benefits under the Railroad Unem- ployment Insurance Act. Subtitle C—Improving Reemployment Strategies Under the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Program Sec. 2141. Improved work search for the long-term unemployed. Sec.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Beginning...An Introductory Essay by Don Wolfensberger for the Congress Project Seminar O
    Congress and Social Security: In the Beginning.... An Introductory Essay By Don Wolfensberger For the Congress Project Seminar On “Congress and the Politics of Aging” Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Tuesday, September 13, 2005 We put those payroll contributions there so as to give the contributors a legal, moral, and political right to collect their pensions and their unemployment benefits. With those taxes in there, no damn politician can ever scrap my social security program. --President Franklin D. Roosevelt Social Security is the third rail of American politics. Touch it and you die. –Attributed to House Speaker Thomas P. Tip O’Neill, Jr. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt is widely recognized as the father of the New Deal, including the landmark Social Security Act of 1935. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., calls Roosevelt “the single national political leader to identify himself with the social insurance cause.”1 Martha Derthick says the 1935 Act “marks the founding of the welfare state in the United States.”2 The impression one gets from most histories of the depression era is that Roosevelt and his “Brain Trust” conceived the New Deal programs, sent them to Hill, and Congress dutifully and expeditiously enacted them into law with little change. However, a closer examination reveals a different picture. As Patrick Maney of the University of South Carolina tells us, “Far from being the brainchild of one person, the enduring accomplishments of the Depression decade were the products of a richly collaborative process in which FDR, presidential advisers, government bureaucrats, well- organized interest groups, grass-roots activists, and legislators all played parts.” And, Maney continues, “.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 105 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
    E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 105 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 144 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1998 No. 11 House of Representatives The House met at 10 a.m. Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I object Herger Markey Redmond The Reverend Ronald F. Christian, Hill Martinez Regula to the vote on the ground that a Hinojosa Mascara Reyes Director, Lutheran Social Services of quorum is not present and make the Hobson Matsui Riley Fairfax, VA, offered the following pray- point of order that a quorum is not Hoekstra McCarthy (MO) Rivers er: present. Holden McCarthy (NY) Rodriguez Almighty God, Your glory is made Hooley McCollum Roemer The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum Horn McCrery Rogan known in the heavens, and the fir- is not present. Hostettler McGovern Rogers mament declares Your handiwork. The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Houghton McHale Rohrabacher Hoyer McHugh Ros-Lehtinen With the signs of Your creative good- sent Members. ness all about us, we must acknowledge Hulshof McInnis Rothman The vote was taken by electronic de- Hutchinson McIntosh Roukema Your presence in our world, through vice, and there wereÐyeas 353, nays 43, Inglis McIntyre Roybal-Allard Your people, and within us all. answered ``present'' 1, not voting 33, as Istook McKeon Royce So, therefore, we pray for Your Jackson (IL) McKinney Ryun follows: mercy when our ways are stubborn or Jackson-Lee Meehan Sabo [Roll No. 14] (TX) Meek (FL) Salmon uncompromising and not at all akin to Jefferson Meeks (NY) Sanchez Your desires.
    [Show full text]
  • The Red Book 2020
    RED BOOK A SUMMARY GUIDE TO EMPLOYMENT SUPPORTS FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES UNDER THE SOCIAL SECURITY DISABILITY INSURANCE (SSDI) AND SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME (SSI) PROGRAMS This page intentionally left blank TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCING THE RED BOOK . 1 EXPLANATION OF CHANGES TO THE RED BOOK . .2 CONTACTING US . .3 How to Reach Social Security . 3 my Social Security . 3 Request copies of the Red Book or other Social Security Publications . 4 HOW DO WE DEFINE DISABILITY? . 5 Our Definition of Disability. 5 What is Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA)? . 5 How Do We Evaluate Your Work Activity for SGA Purposes? . 5 What If You Are Self-employed? . 5 OVERVIEW OF OUR DISABILITY PROGRAMS . .7 Social Security Disability Insurance Program (SSDI) . 7 Supplemental Security Income Program (SSI) . 7 When You Receive Both SSDI and SSI . 7 Comparison of the SSDI and SSI Disability Programs . 8 RETURNING TO WORK . 9 What Are Your Responsibilities When You Return to Work? . 9 When Will We Review Your Disability? . 9 When Will Your Benefits Stop? . 9 HOW DO EMPLOYMENT SUPPORTS HELP? . 10 SSDI Employment Supports . 10 SSI Employment Supports . 10 Guide to Employment Supports . 11 RESOURCES TO ASSIST YOUR RETURN TO WORK . .12 Work Incentive Liaison (WIL) . 12 Area Work Incentives Coordinator (AWIC) . 12 Benefits Planning Query (BPQY) . 12 Work Incentives Planning and Assistance (WIPA) Projects . 13 Work Incentives Seminar Events (WISE) . 13 Employment Network and State Vocational Rehabilitation Providers . 13 Protection and Advocacy for Beneficiaries of Social Security (PABSS) . 14 Individual Development Accounts (IDA) . 14 Achieving a Better Life Experience (ABLE) . 14 American Job Centers .
    [Show full text]
  • The Decision to Exclude Agricultural and Domestic Workers from the 1935 Social Security Act by Larry Dewitt*
    The Decision To excluDe AgriculTurAl AnD DomesTic Workers from The 1935 sociAl securiTy AcT by Larry DeWitt* The Social Security Act of 1935 excluded from coverage about half the workers in the American economy. Among the excluded groups were agricultural and domestic workers—a large percentage of whom were African Ameri- cans. This has led some scholars to conclude that policymakers in 1935 deliberately excluded African Americans from the Social Security system because of prevailing racial biases during that period. This article examines both the logic of this thesis and the available empirical evidence on the origins of the coverage exclusions. The author concludes that the racial-bias thesis is both conceptually flawed and unsupported by the existing empirical evidence. The exclusion of agricultural and domestic workers from the early program was due to considerations of administrative feasibility involving tax-collection procedures. The author finds no evidence of any other policy motive involving racial bias. Introduction in the new Social Security program and that this was the reason for the provision excluding farm and In recent years, some scholars have argued that the domestic labor (Gordon 1994; Brown 1999; Lieberman U.S. Social Security program—like some other social 1995; Williams 2003; Poole 2006). institutions—is biased against women and African Americans. One major contention along these lines The Race Explanation involves the original coverage exclusions of the Social Security Act of 1935. The description of Social Security’s restrictive cover- age policy has become so epigrammatic that it has The 1935 act limited its provisions to workers in passed over from historical narrative to background commerce and industry (this is what is known as the historical fact; it has been assumed and repeated as a program’s “coverage”).
    [Show full text]
  • The New Deal and Social Security Pre-Lesson Context: When Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) Became President in 1933, the United States Was Amid the Great Depression
    Name: The New Deal and Social Security Pre-Lesson Context: When Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) became president in 1933, the United States was amid the Great Depression. He passed multiple laws within the first 100 days of his presidency that strived to stimulate the economy and get the nation out of the Great Depression – the laws were called the New Deal. Supporters of the New Deal wanted FDR to use his executive power to help struggling people. Members of the business community were largely opposed to the New Deal because they did not believe the government should influence/regulate the economy (laissez-faire). This lesson will focus on one component of the New Deal that still exists today: The Social Security Act. A major part of Social Security is it offers pensions (a fixed income received once a month) to those who have retired. It is an incentive for workers to retire, so that they will leave the workforce and jobs will open for younger people. The current retirement age to receive Social Security benefits is 62. Part I Instructions: After reading each historian’s perspective on Social Security, briefly summarize their perspectives in your own words. Historian I: Carl Degler Historian Carl Degler argued that the New Deal was revolutionary. He believed that the New Deal represented a drastic change in how Americans viewed government and its role in the economy. Rather than expecting economic troubles to be solved by market forces (a faith in "laissez-faire economics"), Americans began to expect the government to act in times of economic trouble and intervene to help make things better.
    [Show full text]
  • Law Library Bulletin
    Law Library Bulletin August 2018 Issue 12, Vol. 3 Exclusive Warnings for Invalid or Questionable Law Modern citators that put warnings on overturned or invalidated cases are essential for research, since checking the validity of cases can take hours longer without them. But a major limitation of these citators is that they have almost exclusively addressed explicit citing relationships only, where one court overrules or invalidates the law in a prior case. Thomson Reuters Unveils New Legal Research Platform with Advanced AI: Based on sophisticated machine learning and Westlaw Edge natural language processing techniques, the new KeyCite Overruling Risk symbols in Westlaw On July 12, 2018, Thomson Reuters Edge warn researchers of cases that have been introduced Westlaw Edge, the latest invalidated implicitly, and the new symbols link advancement in legal research, providing legal researchers to the up-to-date law that contains professionals with the next generation of AI- the invalidating language. driven legal search, exclusive new warnings for law that is no longer valid, unrivaled litigation WestSearch Plus is a next-generation legal analytics, and sophisticated new research tools search engine that uses state-of-the-art AI to that help legal professionals deliver results to guide lawyers to answers to legal questions clients faster and more accurately. much faster. The first of its kind, WestSearch Plus uses machine learning, natural language Westlaw Edge, the new version of Westlaw, processing, citation networks, and Thomson enables lawyers to move through routine work Reuters’ proprietary taxonomy of the law – the much faster and helps even experienced West Key Number System – to bring back the practitioners avoid mistakes when working on relevant documents researchers are seeking, and something complex, while offering attorneys it also provides answers to thousands of types of new insights they’ve never had access to before.
    [Show full text]
  • G:\Comp\Ssa\Social Security Act-Title Xixgrants to State...Xml
    G:\COMP\SSA\SOCIAL SECURITY ACT-TITLE XIXGRANTS TO STATE....XML SOCIAL SECURITY ACT [Chapter 531 of the 74th Congress, approved August 14, 1935, 49 Stat. 620.] [As Amended Through P.L. 117–7, Enacted April 14, 2021] øCurrency: This publication is a compilation of the text of title XIX of Chapter 531 of the 74th Congress. It was last amended by the public law listed in the As Amended Through note above and below at the bottom of each page of the pdf version and reflects current law through the date of the enactment of the public law listed at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/comps/¿ øNote: While this publication does not represent an official version of any Federal statute, substantial efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of its contents. The official version of Federal law is found in the United States Statutes at Large and in the United States Code. The legal effect to be given to the Statutes at Large and the United States Code is established by statute (1 U.S.C. 112, 204).¿ TITLE XIX—GRANTS TO STATES FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS TABLE OF CONTENTS OF TITLE 1 Sec. 1900. Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission. Sec. 1901. Appropriation. Sec. 1902. State plans for medical assistance. Sec. 1903. Payment to States. Sec. 1904. Operation of State plans. Sec. 1905. Definitions. Sec. 1906. Enrollment of individuals under group health plans. Sec. 1906A. Premium assistance option for children. Sec. 1907. Observance of religious beliefs. Sec. 1908. State programs for licensing of administrators of nursing homes.
    [Show full text]
  • Word List 2- American History 202 Scantron Form B
    Word List 2- American History 202 Scantron Form B World War I Eleanor Pearl Harbor Allied Powers, Central Powers New Deal Americans in World War II Ferdinand Hundred Days Congress European Theater Lusitania Emergency Banking Relief Act North African Front Sussex Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Dwight D. Eisenhower Election of 1916 FDIC Casablanca Conference Zimmerman note Civilian Conservation Corps Teheran Conference George Creel Agricultural Adjustment Act D-Day June 6, 1944 Espionage Act Father Coughlin Election of 1944-Truman Sedition Act Huey P. Long Battle of the Bulge Herbert C. Hoover Dr. Francis E. Townsend Yalta Conference Fourteen Points National Recovery Administration V-E Day Paris Peace Conference Dust Bowl Pacific Theater League of Nations Securities & Exchange Commission Mac Arthur Henry Cabot Lodge Tennessee Valley Authority Bataan Death March Treaty of Versailles Federal Housing Administration Battle of Coral Sea Article X Social Security Act Battle of Midway Island Roaring Twenties Rural Electrification Admin. REA Potsdam Conference red scare - A. Mitchell Palmer Election of 1936 Manhattan Project Sacco and Vanzetti packing of the Supreme Court Hiroshima and Nagasaki Election of 1920 - Harding Events leading to America in Hirohito Immigration Act WWII V-J Day prohibition Manchurian Crisis Al Capone Ethiopia Monkey Trial Italy-Mussolini - Fascism Henry Ford Germany-Adolf Hitler - Nazi Charles Lindbergh Mein Kampf Marcus Garvey Rome-Berlin Axis Ohio Gang Franco vs. Loyalists in Spain Veterans' Bureau - Forbes Neutrality Acts Teapot Dome Japanese invasion of China Albert Fall "Quarantine Speech" Edward Doheny Holocaust Harry Sinclair Sundentenland Daugherty Non-Aggression Treaty Calvin Coolidge Cash and Carry Election of 1924 biltzkrieg Dawes Plan Battle of Britain Hoover-Smith-Election of 1928 Destroyer Deal Great Depression Election of 1940 Reconstruction Finance Corp.
    [Show full text]