Coastal Resilience to Climate Change in Cuba Through Ecosystem Based Adaptation – “MI COSTA”. Environmental and Social
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Assessment Report Green Climate Fund Funding Proposal I Coastal Resilience to Climate Change in Cuba through Ecosystem Based Adaptation – “MI COSTA”. Environmental and Social Assessment Report 8 February 2021 UNDP - 5994 Cuba Annex VI b ESAR Mi Costa 21102020 En 1 Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Assessment Report Green Climate Fund Funding Proposal I CONTENTS Contents ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 Background .............................................................................................................................. 7 1.2 Description of the Project.......................................................................................................... 7 1.2.1 Summary of Activities ....................................................................................................... 9 2 Legal and Institutional Framework for Environmental and Social Matters ................................ 12 2.1 Legislation, Policies and Regulations ...................................................................................... 12 2.1.1 National Policies and Plans............................................................................................. 12 2.1.2 National Legislation ........................................................................................................ 15 2.1.3 Law 81 of 1997 on the Environment ................................................................................ 17 2.1.4 Law 85 of 1998, Forestry Law. ........................................................................................ 18 2.1.9 Decree 179 of 1883, Protection, Use and Conservation of Soils and their Contraventions ... 20 2.1.10 Labor and employment ................................................................................................... 20 2.1.11 Land tenure .................................................................................................................... 21 2.2 Environmental Impact Assessment in Cuba ............................................................................ 21 2.3 Multilateral Agreements and Biodiversity Protocols ................................................................. 22 2.4 Institutional Context ................................................................................................................ 25 2.4.1 National level institutions ................................................................................................ 25 2.4.2 Sector specific centers .................................................................................................... 27 2.4.3 Sub-national frameworks ................................................................................................ 28 3 Bio-Physical Baseline Conditions ........................................................................................... 29 3.1 Physical Environment ............................................................................................................. 29 3.2 Topography, Geology and Soils .............................................................................................. 30 3.3 Climate................................................................................................................................... 31 3.4 Water Resources (Groundwater and Surface Water) .............................................................. 33 3.5 Flora and Fauna ..................................................................................................................... 33 3.6 Protected Areas and Fisheries ................................................................................................ 36 3.7 General overview of Intervention sites .................................................................................... 37 3.7.1 Stretch I: La Coloma to Surgidero de Batabanó (Southwestern coast) ............................. 38 3.7.2 Stretch II: Júcaro to Manzanillo (Southeastern coast) ...................................................... 39 3.8 Environmental overview of each Intervention site .................................................................... 41 3.8.1 Intervention Sites (subzones) / Stretch I - La Coloma to Surgidero de Batabanó (Southwestern coast) ..................................................................................................................... 41 UNDP - 5994 Cuba Annex VI b ESAR Mi Costa 21102020 En 2 Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Assessment Report Green Climate Fund Funding Proposal I 3.8.2 Intervention Sites (subzones) / Stretch II - Júcaro to Manzanillo (Southeastern coast) ..... 47 3.8.3. Overview on Protected Area by intervention sites in both Stretches ...................................... 54 4 Socio-economic Baseline Conditions ..................................................................................... 56 4.1 Population .............................................................................................................................. 56 4.1.1 Populations with highest climate change vulnerabilities ................................................... 59 4.2 Land Use and Land Tenure .................................................................................................... 60 4.3 Employment, Labour and Working conditions ......................................................................... 61 4.4 Health .................................................................................................................................... 61 4.5 Economic Aspects and Livelihoods ......................................................................................... 64 Indigenous Peoples and Ethnic Minorities .......................................................................................... 66 4.6 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage ...................................................................................... 66 4.7 Socio-demographic overview of Intervention sites ................................................................... 68 4.7.1 Stretch I: La Coloma to Surgidero de Batabanó (Southwestern coast) ............................. 68 4.7.2 Stretch II: Júcaro to Manzanillo (Southeastern coast) ...................................................... 69 5 Environmental and Social Risk Assessment ........................................................................... 71 5.1 UNDP Social and Environmental Standards ........................................................................... 71 5.2 Social and Environmental Screening Policy Requirements ..................................................... 71 5.3 Impact Assessment Methodology ........................................................................................... 72 5.4 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures ................................. 73 5.5 Summary of activities with environmental and social risks by project intervention sites ............ 77 5.6 Assumptions Underpinning the Development of the Environmental and Social Assessment Report 83 6 Environmental and Social Management Plan ......................................................................... 83 6.1 Overview and Objectives of the Environmental and Social Management Plan ......................... 83 6.2 Institutional Arrangements for the Environmental and Social Management Plan ...................... 83 6.3 Project Delivery and Administration ........................................................................................ 84 6.3.1 Project Delivery .............................................................................................................. 84 6.3.2 Administration of Environmental and Social Management Plan ....................................... 85 6.3.3 General Environmental Contract Performance Clauses ................................................... 86 6.3.4 Environmental procedures, site and activity-specific work plans/instructions .................... 86 6.3.5 Environmental incident reporting ..................................................................................... 86 6.3.6 Daily and weekly environmental inspection checklists ..................................................... 86 6.3.7 Corrective Actions .......................................................................................................... 86 6.3.8 Review and auditing ....................................................................................................... 86 UNDP - 5994 Cuba Annex VI b ESAR Mi Costa 21102020 En 3 Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Assessment Report Green Climate Fund Funding Proposal I 6.4 Training .................................................................................................................................. 87 6.5 Stakeholder Engagement and Public Consultations ................................................................ 88 6.5.1 Environmental and Social Information Disclosure ............................................................ 88 6.6 Grievance Redress Mechanism .............................................................................................. 89 6.6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism .....................................................................................