Sylvia Plachy, Self Portrait with Cows Going Home
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No Goose Step at the Cenotaph
,m,^M,w,m^«««^,,mr,'.^,:>-., .'.^^.^^•^.^n^'y^^, »g^y=^^^i^:^3,..^ i».s^-^^.^:n>.««».a»siBai AJ R Information Volume XLIX No. 6 June 1994 £3 (to non-members) Don't miss . The debate about German participation in the VE Day anniversary Controversial corridors p3 No goose step at the Cenotaph Before the anticlimax pl2 he proposed participation of German soldiers To reiterate these facts is not to rehearse the "let's- Musical in ceremonies on the 50th anniversary of VE be-beastly-to-the-Hun" theme beloved of the late midsummer Day is fuelling widespread and bitter debate. Lord Vansittart and currently echoed in sections of madness p. 16 T Amid the clash of contending opinions one truth the tabloid press. The Nazified Wehrmacht did not stands out beyond peradventure. The German army stand in direct line of succession to the Junker-led that surrendered in May 1945 had been an enthusi Prussian Army. Readers familiar with The Case of astic - and, at the very least, a supremely acquiescent Sergeant Grisha will have recognised the bourgeois- — instrument in Hitler's war of conquest. Buoyed up descended Ludendorff figure responsible for Grisha's The by the euphoria of early victories, it had helped inflict execution in the novel as a precursor of Manstein and unprecedented suffering on millions of Poles, Jews, Keitel in the Second World War. imperative Russians and other Europeans. In fact it was largely from the Junker class the that of Justice I German officers had shown none of their Italian opponents of Hitler who engineered the Officers' Plot counterparts' scruples about despatching Jews to of 20 July 1944 came. -
The History of Transylvania and the Transylvanian
Transylvania Online THE HISTORY OF TRANSYLVANIA AND THE TRANSYLVANIAN SAXONS by Dr. Konrad Gündisch, Oldenburg, Germany Contents: 1. The Region: Land and People 1.1. Geography 1.2. Population and Ancient History 1.2.1. Prehistoric Era 1.2.2. Dacians and Romans 1.2.3. Period of Mass Folk Migrations 1.2.4 Integration into the Medieval Hungarian kingdom 2. The Migration and Settlement of the Transylvanian Saxons 2.1. The Hungarian Crown of King Stephen as "Host" 2.2. Origin of the Transylvanian Saxons 2.3. Progression of the Settlements 2.3.1. Beginning 2.3.2. Stages of Colonization 2.3.2.1. The Teutonic Knights in the Burzenland (Tara Bârsei) 2.3.3. Privileges 3. Political History and Economic Development During the Middle Ages 4. Early Recent History: Autonomous Principality Transylvania 5. Province of the Hapsburg Empire 6. Part of the Kingdom of Greater Romania 7. Under Communist Rule Centuries of History Fading "Siebenbürgen und die Siebenbürger Sachsen" was written in German by Dr. Konrad Gündisch, Oldenburg, Germany. The English translation "Transylvania and the Transylvanian Saxons" was written by Georg Schuller, Edmonton, Canada. 1. The Region: Land and People 1.1. Geography Atlantean and satellite maps of eastern Europe show the topography of Transylvania as a clearly definable geographic region. It is comparable with a natural fortress, a mountainous region almost completely barrier-like enclosed by the East and South Carpathians and the Transylvanian West Mountains, sheltering the Transylvanian Depression in the centre. This Transylvanian Basin or Plateau is partitioned by three rivers, the Mures, Olsul and Somesu (Mieresch, Alt/Olt, Somesch), all tributaries of the Danube. -
Considerations Regarding the Emergence, Evolution and Development of Daco-Roman Law and the Law of the Romanian Countries Until the 19Th Century
Journal of Law and Administrative Sciences No.13/2020 CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE EMERGENCE, EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DACO-ROMAN LAW AND THE LAW OF THE ROMANIAN COUNTRIES UNTIL THE 19TH CENTURY Associate Professor Mihail NIEMESCH, PhD. ”Titu Maiorescu” University, Romania [email protected] Abstract Romanian law is part of the family of Romano-Germanic law, right from the beginning of its appearance, motivated by a first circumstance according to which the Daco-Roman populations, after the conquest of Dacia by the Roman Empire, applied in parallel both the local legal customs and general principles of Roman law. During the Roman conquest, an important dimension of public administration in Dacia, a Roman province, was concerned with the legal norms of Roman and local law. Roman law appears in this province in the form of civil law and gentile law, the law applied in Roman Dacia having a statutory character, in the sense that each category of persons had a well-defined legal status. In the Wallachia, Moldova and Muntenia, a new stage of codification of legal norms appears, the sources of inspiration being especially the French, Italian, Swiss legislations, etc. Keywords: Roman Law, The law of the land, Ordinary law Introduction We can definitely speak of a Romanian law, in the classical sense of the notion, once with the formation of the Romanian Principalities. Equally valid is the fact that until the historical moment of great significance for the Romanian nation, the Union of 1859, there were three "Romanian Countries", mostly populated by Romanians and where Romanian traditions and customary rules influenced the evolution and development of these state formations. -
Constructing Ethnic Identity in Transylvania Through Humour
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS SAPIENTIAE, PHILOLOGICA, 12, 2 (2020) 144–163 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2020-0018 Constructing Ethnic Identity in Transylvania through Humour Noémi TUDOR Transilvania University of Braşov (Romania) Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics noemi .tudor@unitbv .ro Abstract. In this paper, I put forward a comparative/contrastive analysis of ethnic identity on the basis of humorous texts about Romanians and Hungarians living in Romania within the framework of the Script-Based Semantic Theory of Humour (SSTH). The corpus contains fifty jokes taken from websites and social media, books and recordings in which the Romanians are at the centre and the Hungarians are the butt and vice versa . The overall purpose of the study is to illustrate the main topics and stereotypes used in ethnic jokes. In this research, I will show that Romanians and Hungarians joke about similar topics, the most common ones being the “ownership” of Transylvania, rejection of the other, and language distortion but also friendship among Hungarians and Romanians . I also conclude that stereotypes can be attributed to one ethnic group, but there are also shared stereotypes, and some of them can switch from one group to the other depending on the perspective . Keywords: ethnicity, humour, identity, stereotypes, Transylvania Introduction In this paper, I aim to analyse jokes about Hungarians and Romanians, focusing on the ethnic relation they share . The main hypothesis is that ethnic jokes are a reflection of social relations national minorities share with the majority population of a country and vice versa . Thus, I am going to identify the main topics the ethnic jokes evoke and the stereotypes included . -
Christian Church8
www.ssoar.info From periphery to centre: the image of Europe at the Eastern Border of Europe Şipoş, Sorin (Ed.); Moisa, Gabriel (Ed.); Cepraga, Dan Octavian (Ed.); Brie, Mircea (Ed.); Mateoc, Teodor (Ed.) Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Konferenzband / collection Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Şipoş, S., Moisa, G., Cepraga, D. O., Brie, M., & Mateoc, T. (Eds.). (2014). From periphery to centre: the image of Europe at the Eastern Border of Europe. Cluj-Napoca: Ed. Acad. Română. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168- ssoar-400284 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY Lizenz (Namensnennung) zur This document is made available under a CC BY Licence Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden (Attribution). For more Information see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de Edited by: Sorin §ipo§, Gabriel Moisa, Dan Octavian Cepraga, Mircea Brie, Teodor Mateoc From Periphery to Centre. The Image of Europe at the Eastern Border of Europe Editorial committee: Delia-Maria Radu Roxana Iva^ca Alexandra Bere IonuJ Ciorba Romanian Academy Center for Transylvanian Studies Cluj-Napoca 2014 Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Nationale a României From periphery to centre : the image of Europe at the Eastern border of Europe/ Sorin Çipoç, Gabriel Moisa, Dan Octavian Cepraga, Mircea Brie (ed.). - Cluj-Napoca : Editura Academia Românâ. Centrul de Studii Transilvane, 2014 ISBN 978-973-7784-97-1 I. Çipoç, Sorin (ed.) II. Moisa, Gabriel (ed.) III. Cepraga, Dan Octavian (ed.) IV. Brie, Mircea (ed.) 930 Volume published with the support of Bihor County Council The volume gathers the papers presented at the international symposium From Periphery to Centre. -
Terra Ultrasilvana. Structuri Teritoriale Şi Realităţi Politice În Nordul Transilvaniei În Secolele Ix-Xi
TuDOR SĂLĂGEAN TERRA ULTRASILVANA. STRUCTURI TERITORIALE ŞI REALITĂŢI POLITICE ÎN NORDUL TRANSILVANIEI ÎN SECOLELE IX-XI Dintre cele trei formaţiuni politice menţionate de Gesta Notarului Anonim al regelui Bela în regiunile de la răsărit de Tisa, terra ultrasilvana condusă de Gelou, dux blacorum este aceea care a ridicat în faţa criticii istorice cele mai dificile probleme de interpretare. Acestea sunt departe de a se limita la controversa - perfect inutilă, de vreme ce nu există nici W1 izvor istoric medieval care să pună afirmaţiile lui Anonymus sub semnul întrebării - generată de menţionarea rolului conducător pe care românii (blaci, blachi) îl deţineau în cadrul respectivei formaţiuni statale şi a originii etnice a conducătorului ei (Gelou quidam blachus). Generos în relatarea împrejurărilor în care s-a produs cucerirea „ţării ultrasilvane", Notarul Anonim este, în schimb, mai puţin precis în privinţa unor informaţii care ar fi putut contribui în mod substanţial la restituirea istoricităţii ei. In primul rând, el nu ne oferă o descriere a întinderii şi a limitelor teritoriale ale acestei ţări, aşa cum procedează în cazul „ducatelor" lui Menurnorout şi Glad, sau a stăpânirii lui Salanus. De asemenea, el nu indică denumirea cetăţii de reşedinţă a „ducelui" Gelou, oferindu-ne doar o localizare aproximativă a acesteia (castrum suum iuxta fluuius Zomus positum). Omisiunile Notarului Anonim au fost făcute din diferite cauze: ignorarea unor detalii care nu mai erau îndeajuns de bine cunoscute în secolul al XII-iea şi cărora nu li se mai acorda suficientă importanţă; trecerea sub tăcere a unor realităţi istorice care ar fi putut pune sub semnul întrebării drepturile casei regale Arpadiene; relativa lipsă de interes pentru o regiune care, în epoca anterioară colonizării săseşti (care nu este menţionată în Gest a, foarte probabil datorită faptului că ea nu avusese încă loc), era doar o provincie de graniţă, un teritoriu periferic, încă incomplet controlat de către Regatul Ungar. -