Day 6: Comparing Themes Across Texts English Language Arts
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Victor Or Villain? Wernher Von Braun and the Space Race
The Social Studies (2011) 102, 59–64 Copyright C Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0037-7996 print / 2152-405X online DOI: 10.1080/00377996.2010.484444 Victor or Villain? Wernher von Braun and the Space Race JASON L. O’BRIEN1 and CHRISTINE E. SEARS2 1Education Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA 2History Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA Set during the Cold War and space race, this historical role-play focuses on Wernher von Braun’s involvement in and culpability for the use of slave laborers to produce V-2 rockets for Nazi Germany. Students will grapple with two central questions. Should von Braun have been allowed to emigrate to the United States given his affiliation with the Nazis and use of slave laborers? Should the U.S. government and military have put Braun in powerful positions in NASA and military programs? This activity encourages students to hone their critical thinking skills as they consider and debate a complex, multi-layered historical scenario. Students also have opportunity to articulate persuasive arguments either for or against von Braun. Each character sketch includes basic information, but additional references are included for teachers and students who want a more in depth background. Keywords: role-play, Wernher von Braun, Space Race, active learning Victor or Villain? Wernher von Braun and the Space Role-Playing as an Instructional Strategy Race By engaging in historical role-plays, students can explore In 2009, the United States celebrated the fortieth anniver- different viewpoints regarding controversial topics (Clegg sary of the Apollo 11 crew’s landing on the moon. -
How Doc Draper Became the Father of Inertial Guidance
(Preprint) AAS 18-121 HOW DOC DRAPER BECAME THE FATHER OF INERTIAL GUIDANCE Philip D. Hattis* With Missouri roots, a Stanford Psychology degree, and a variety of MIT de- grees, Charles Stark “Doc” Draper formulated the basis for reliable and accurate gyro-based sensing technology that enabled the first and many subsequent iner- tial navigation systems. Working with colleagues and students, he created an Instrumentation Laboratory that developed bombsights that changed the balance of World War II in the Pacific. His engineering teams then went on to develop ever smaller and more accurate inertial navigation for aircraft, submarines, stra- tegic missiles, and spaceflight. The resulting inertial navigation systems enable national security, took humans to the Moon, and continue to find new applica- tions. This paper discusses the history of Draper’s path to becoming known as the “Father of Inertial Guidance.” FROM DRAPER’S MISSOURI ROOTS TO MIT ENGINEERING Charles Stark Draper was born in 1901 in Windsor Missouri. His father was a dentist and his mother (nee Stark) was a school teacher. The Stark family developed the Stark apple that was popular in the Midwest and raised the family to prominence1 including a cousin, Lloyd Stark, who became governor of Missouri in 1937. Draper was known to his family and friends as Stark (Figure 1), and later in life was known by colleagues as Doc. During his teenage years, Draper enjoyed tinkering with automobiles. He also worked as an electric linesman (Figure 2), and at age 15 began a liberal arts education at the University of Mis- souri in Rolla. -
An Early Manned Lunar Landing Q
. ' - ,, ,, ,, . ... , " X64 80440 O~s7!- A FEASIBLE APPROACH FOR AN EARLY MANNED LUNAR LANDING Q PART I SUMMARY REPORT OF AD HOC TASK GROUP STU6Y (u) JUNE 16, 1961 Restriction/Classification Cancelled NA§A HEADQUARTERS, NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION ' I ------AD HOC TASK .GROUP . William A. Fleming - Chairman, Hq. Facilities Addison M. Rothrock - Deputy Chairman, Hq.· Albert J. Kelley - Hq. Samuel Snyder - Hq. Berg Paraghamian - Hq. Robert D. Briskman - ·Hq. Walter W. Haase - Hq. Secrest L. Berry - Hq. Spacecraft Llle Sciences . ..John H. Disher - Hq. James P. Nolan, Jr. - ·Hq • Merle. G•. Waugh - Hq. A.H. Schwichtenberg - Lovelace Foundation. Kenneth Kleinknecht - STG Alan B. Kehlet - STG Advanced Technology Launch Vehicles Ernesto. Pearson, Jr. - Hq. Eldon W. Hall - Hq. Space Sciences Melvyn Savage - Hq. Heinz H. Koelle .- MSFC · William Shipley - JPL William L. Lovejoy_~_Hq. Robert Fellows - Hq •.. Norman Raf el - Hq. Alfred M. Nelson - Hq. The effort: or the Ad Hoc Task Group were supplemented very signllicantly by major contributions in each technical area from a large number or other staff members at the various NASA Centers and at NASA Headquarters. Although these· added participants are too numerous to mention individually, their contributions are a vital part of the study results. i Restriction/Classification Cancelled lil TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ~ Purpose and Study Approach 1 Ground Rules and Guidelines 2 Program Elements 3 Use of the Sequenced Milestone System 4 Approach to Program Funding 5 PROGRAM PLAN ·objectives 6 Program Scope 8 Mission Approach 12 Spacecraft Requirements 24 Launch Vehicle Development 32_ Facilities 48 ' Supporting Research 62 Early .Managemen:b·;_ Actiort:s. -
Chapter 6.Qxd
CHAPTER 6: The NASA Family The melding of all of the NASA centers, contractors, universities, and often strong personalities associated with each of them into the productive and efficient organization necessary to complete NASA’s space missions became both more critical and more difficult as NASA turned its attention from Gemini to Apollo. The approach and style and, indeed, the personality of each NASA center differed sharply. The Manned Spacecraft Center was distinctive among all the rest. Fortune magazine suggested in 1967 that the scale of NASA’s operation required a whole new approach and style of management: “To master such massively complex and expensive problems, the agency has mobilized some 20,000 individual firms, more than 400,000 workers, and 200 colleges and universities in a combine of the most advanced resources of American civilization.” The author referred to some of the eight NASA centers and assorted field installations as “pockets of sovereignty” which exercised an enormous degree of independence and autonomy.1 An enduring part of the management problem throughout the Mercury and Gemini programs that became compounded under Apollo, because of its greater technical challenges, was the diversity and distinctiveness of each of the NASA centers. The diverse cultures and capabilities represented by each of the centers were at once the space program’s greatest resource and its Achilles’ heel. NASA was a hybrid organization. At its heart was Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory established by Congress in 1917 near Hampton, Virginia, and formally dedicated in 1920. It became the Langley Research Center. Langley created the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory at Moffett Field, California, in 1939. -
2008 Annual Report
2008 Annual Report NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING ENGINEERING THE FUTURE 1 Letter from the President 3 In Service to the Nation 3 Mission Statement 4 Program Reports 4 Engineering Education 4 Center for the Advancement of Scholarship on Engineering Education 6 Technological Literacy 6 Public Understanding of Engineering Developing Effective Messages Media Relations Public Relations Grand Challenges for Engineering 8 Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society 9 Diversity in the Engineering Workforce Engineer Girl! Website Engineer Your Life Project Engineering Equity Extension Service 10 Frontiers of Engineering Armstrong Endowment for Young Engineers-Gilbreth Lectures 12 Engineering and Health Care 14 Technology and Peace Building 14 Technology for a Quieter America 15 America’s Energy Future 16 Terrorism and the Electric Power-Delivery System 16 U.S.-China Cooperation on Electricity from Renewables 17 U.S.-China Symposium on Science and Technology Strategic Policy 17 Offshoring of Engineering 18 Gathering Storm Still Frames the Policy Debate 20 2008 NAE Awards Recipients 22 2008 New Members and Foreign Associates 24 2008 NAE Anniversary Members 28 2008 Private Contributions 28 Einstein Society 28 Heritage Society 29 Golden Bridge Society 29 Catalyst Society 30 Rosette Society 30 Challenge Society 30 Charter Society 31 Other Individual Donors 34 The Presidents’ Circle 34 Corporations, Foundations, and Other Organizations 35 National Academy of Engineering Fund Financial Report 37 Report of Independent Certified Public Accountants 41 Notes to Financial Statements 53 Officers 53 Councillors 54 Staff 54 NAE Publications Letter from the President Engineering is critical to meeting the fundamental challenges facing the U.S. economy in the 21st century. -
Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr. -
2005 Annual Report American Physical Society
1 2005 Annual Report American Physical Society APS 20052 APS OFFICERS 2006 APS OFFICERS PRESIDENT: PRESIDENT: Marvin L. Cohen John J. Hopfield University of California, Berkeley Princeton University PRESIDENT ELECT: PRESIDENT ELECT: John N. Bahcall Leo P. Kadanoff Institue for Advanced Study, Princeton University of Chicago VICE PRESIDENT: VICE PRESIDENT: John J. Hopfield Arthur Bienenstock Princeton University Stanford University PAST PRESIDENT: PAST PRESIDENT: Helen R. Quinn Marvin L. Cohen Stanford University, (SLAC) University of California, Berkeley EXECUTIVE OFFICER: EXECUTIVE OFFICER: Judy R. Franz Judy R. Franz University of Alabama, Huntsville University of Alabama, Huntsville TREASURER: TREASURER: Thomas McIlrath Thomas McIlrath University of Maryland (Emeritus) University of Maryland (Emeritus) EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Martin Blume Martin Blume Brookhaven National Laboratory (Emeritus) Brookhaven National Laboratory (Emeritus) PHOTO CREDITS: Cover (l-r): 1Diffraction patterns of a GaN quantum dot particle—UCLA; Spring-8/Riken, Japan; Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lab, SLAC & UC Davis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 085503 (2005) 2TESLA 9-cell 1.3 GHz SRF cavities from ACCEL Corp. in Germany for ILC. (Courtesy Fermilab Visual Media Service 3G0 detector studying strange quarks in the proton—Jefferson Lab 4Sections of a resistive magnet (Florida-Bitter magnet) from NHMFL at Talahassee LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT APS IN 2005 3 2005 was a very special year for the physics community and the American Physical Society. Declared the World Year of Physics by the United Nations, the year provided a unique opportunity for the international physics community to reach out to the general public while celebrating the centennial of Einstein’s “miraculous year.” The year started with an international Launching Conference in Paris, France that brought together more than 500 students from around the world to interact with leading physicists. -
5 Eisenhower, Sputnik, and the Creation of PSAC, 1957
Zuoyue Wang, In Sputnik's Shadow (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2008). 5 Eisenhower, Sputnik, and the Creation of PSAC, 1957 On the evening of October 4, 1957, American physicist and ODM-SAC member Lloyd Berkner was attending a reception for International Geophysical Year scien- tists at the Soviet embassy in Washington, DC, when a New York Times reporter told him that the Soviets had just launched a satellite. Berkner immediately announced the news and congratulated the Soviet scientists present on their achievement.1 In short order, the Sputnik news spread like a wildfi re and promised to change, among other things, the science–state partnership and put the hitherto obscure scientists on the ODM-SAC into the public spotlight. Sputnik, or “fellow traveler [of the earth],” evoked intense but mixed feelings in the American people. Ever since American scientists and engineers produced the atomic bomb and other technological wonders to win World War II, their countrymen had generally assumed that the U.S. domination in science and tech- nology was unquestionable. Few were aware or cared about the fact that Europe had led the world in science until the 1930s. Even scientists who knew better about Soviet strength disbelieved that a totalitarian system that had brutally suppressed scientifi c freedom, as in the Lysenko scandal only a few years before, could achieve such technological excellence. Vannevar Bush, for example, had declared in 1949 that “We can take comfort in the conviction that dictatorship will seldom pioneer, and that when they do the dictator will probably buy gold bricks. -
Biographical Memoir by T H E O D O R E V a N D U Z E R , C H a R L E S K
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOHN R. WHINNE R Y 1 9 1 6 — 2 0 0 9 A Biographical Memoir by THEODO R E V A N D U Z E R , C H A R L E S K . B I R DSALL, AND DAVID H. AUSTON Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 2009 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON, D.C. Photo Credit: Ed Kirwan Graphic Arts. Berkeley, California. JOHN R. WHINNERY July 26, 1916–February 1, 2009 BY T H E O D ORE V A N D U Z E R, C H ARL E S K . B I R D S A L L , AND DAVID H. AUSTON OHN ROY WHINNERY, FORMER DEAN of engineering at the Uni- Jversity of California, Berkeley, National Medal of Science recipient, and a distinguished innovator in the field of elec- tromagnetism and communication electronics, died Sunday, February 1, 2009, at his home in Walnut Creek, California. He was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences in 1972 and was a member of its Section 1, Engi- neering Sciences. Whinnery was born in Read, Colorado, on July 26, 1916, and moved with his family at the age of 10 to Modesto, Cali- fornia, where his father continued his farming and main- tained an avid interest in electrical and mechanical systems. Whinnery’s father had also bought and operated a light plant to generate electricity for a small town in Colorado, an event that may have influenced the younger Whinnery’s development. -
The Following Are Edited Excerpts from Two Interviews Conducted with Dr
Interviews with Dr. Wernher von Braun Editor's note: The following are edited excerpts from two interviews conducted with Dr. Wernher von Braun. Interview #1 was conducted on August 25, 1970, by Robert Sherrod while Dr. von Braun was deputy associate administrator for planning at NASA Headquarters. Interview #2 was conducted on November 17, 1971, by Roger Bilstein and John Beltz. These interviews are among those published in Before This Decade is Out: Personal Reflections on the Apollo Program, (SP-4223, 1999) edited by Glen E. Swanson, whick is vailable on-line at http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4223/sp4223.htm on the Web. Interview #1 In the Apollo Spacecraft Chronology, you are quoted as saying "It is true that for a long time we were not in favor of lunar orbit rendezvous. We favored Earth orbit rendezvous." Well, actually even that is not quite correct, because at the outset we just didn't know which route [for Apollo to travel to the Moon] was the most promising. We made an agreement with Houston that we at Marshall would concentrate on the study of Earth orbit rendezvous, but that did not mean we wanted to sell it as our preferred scheme. We weren't ready to vote for it yet; our study was meant to merely identify the problems involved. The agreement also said that Houston would concentrate on studying the lunar rendezvous mode. Only after both groups had done their homework would we compare notes. This agreement was based on common sense. You don't start selling your scheme until you are convinced that it is superior. -
PDF Download Shadow of Freedom Ebook
SHADOW OF FREEDOM Author: David Weber Number of Pages: 608 pages Published Date: 19 Mar 2013 Publisher: Baen Books Publication Country: Riverdale, United States Language: English ISBN: 9781451638691 DOWNLOAD: SHADOW OF FREEDOM Shadow of Freedom PDF Book The Journal includes: an undated annual calendar, undated daily and weekly running logs, how to use a training log, how to set goals, how personality affects performance, how to design a training plan, a dozen key workouts, tips on fueling, a new way to think about body image, mental tips for competition, dealing with adversity, setting good mental habits, recovery strategies, reflecting on the past season, and creating positive running groups. Of the two major governmental tools for shaping the economy, Congress controls fiscal policy-taxation and spending-and the Fed makes monetary policy- influencing how much money circulates in the economy, and how quickly. Before the Anschluss, in 1934 Mises left for Geneva, where he was a professor at the Graduate Institute of International Studies until 1940, when he emigrated to New York City. So, what are parents of today s overextended students to do. Key features of the book: Each of the 23 patterns is described with straightforward Java code. BINDING: Professional trade paperback binding. Although the opening chapters form a coherent body of graph theoretic concepts, this volume is not a text on the subject but rather an introduction to the extensive literature of graph theory. Denaturalization-a process provided for by one clause of the act-became the main instrument for the transfer of naturalization authority from states and local courts to the federal government. -
Bibliographyof Space Books Andarticlesfrom Non
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19800016707N 2020-03-11T18:02:45+00:00Zi_sB--rM-._lO&-{/£ 3 1176 00167 6031 HHR-51 NASA-TM-81068 ]9800016707 BibliographyOf Space Books And ArticlesFrom Non-AerospaceJournals 1957-1977 _'C>_.Ft_iEFERENC_ I0_,'-i p,,.,,gvi ,:,.2, , t ,£}J L,_:,._._ •..... , , .2 ,IFER History Office ...;_.o.v,. ._,.,- NASA Headquarters Washington, DC 20546 1979 i HHR-51 BIBLIOGRAPHYOF SPACEBOOKS AND ARTICLES FROM NON-AEROSPACE JOURNALS 1957-1977 John J. Looney History Office NASA Headquarters Washlngton 9 DC 20546 . 1979 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 033-000-0078t-1 Kc6o<2_o00 CONTENTS Introduction.................................................... v I. Space Activity A. General ..................................................... i B. Peaceful Uses ............................................... 9 C. Military Uses ............................................... Ii 2. Spaceflight: Earliest Times to Creation of NASA ................ 19 3. Organlzation_ Admlnlstration 9 and Management of NASA ............ 30 4. Aeronautics..................................................... 36 5. BoostersandRockets............................................ 38 6. Technology of Spaceflight....................................... 45 7. Manned Spaceflight.............................................. 77 8. Space Science A. Disciplines Other than Space Medicine ....................... 96 B. Space Medicine ..............................................119 C.