Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 904 KANGARS IN ANCIENT SOURCES AND THEIR TRACES IN NAKHCHIVAN Firudin Rzayev1 Abstract: The place and role of kangars by scientific facts that the compenent in the history is systemize investigated which formed the “kanq” rooty place according to the ancient sources in the names in Nakhchivan toponimic article. Kangars were the aborigen system is a prototurk – Azerbaijan tribe inhabitants in the territory of name. The new investigation of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic “Oghuznama” by us proves that from the middle of the III millennium kangars are not a oghuz tribe, but also B.C.. But in many investigations kangars is a Azerbaijan tribe. With the were showed in the IX century B.C. and the III century of our era in these historical facts it is affirmed that they territories. Kangar turks whom the were on the history stage in the IV Azerbaijanian and Turkish scientists millennium B.C. and in the III were investigated without refering to millennium B.C. they were spread out ancient chronicles are in Nakhchivan territories. protoazerbaijanians. In this investigation by the scientific facts it is proved that the Keywords: Ethnooykonim, Kanq, tribes of Kanq, Kanqyuy, Kanqur whose traces lived in the toponimic system of Kanqyuy, Kanqli, Kangar, Avesta, ancient Nakhchivan and general turkish Sumerian. area are kangars. The investigation of the sources connected with kangars were Introduction taken main actual problem. For this the Nakhchivan one of the author has recourse to “Oghuznama”, inseparable part of Azerbaijan is one of Chine sources, “Avesta” and Sumerian the most ancient civilization centres of written monuments. Result it is affirmed the world and it is riched the world 1 Nakhchivan Branch of Anas. firudinr@yahoo com.tr. Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 905 history study with new scientific facts hurru, turdi and etc. were lived in these with its material-cultural examples. In territories. We met these tribe names in the I century jew I.Flavi named Herodot`s, Plutarx`s, Strabon`s, Kvint Nakhchivan “the cradle of the mankind Krutiy-Ruf`s and etc. information (48, I generation and the first civilization” in v., p. 192, 238, 515; 26, II 30). Strabon his information. According to his had writing that these tribes were the thoughts prophet Noah`s ship was landed civil people in the South Caucasia in the in Nakhchivan (17, p.14). With its VI millenium B.C. and they have an alphabet and rich poetry (47, ХI, p. 137- archaeological cultural examples Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic 138, Х IV, p. 500-572). The comperative investigation of Gamigaya, Nuvadi, affirms that it is one the first dwellings of primary man in the world and the same Dugar write signs in the territory with time it was the motherland of ancient Tabriz, Shamakhi, Gobustan, Pirallahi, Azerbaijan tribes. The castle cities as the Altay write signs proves that this culture I and II Kultapa, Gilan, Oglanqala, came from the same root thousands of Nahajir, Khoshkeshin, Gizil Vang, years before (42, p. 113-122). Abbasabad in the territory and kromlex K.Ptolomey deals with ancient history of graves in here are the historical facts Nakhchivan and remembered this name which proves these truth (36, p. 17, 29, as “Naksuana” (23, p. 252, 254). 37, 42, 60-61 and etc.). Kangar tribes is one of the tribes More than 10 years the which were inhabeted in Nakhchivan archaeological expeditions of America, territories in the middle of the III France, Germany, England, Russia and millenium B.C. These tribes were etc. states have an activity in explained as Kanq tribes of oghuz turks, Nakhchivan. The scientific facts which but never investigated as a various turk tribe. These tribes were widely spread they got proves that the sedentary life out in Maku and Iravan khanate areas the and city culture began to Nakhchivan ancient regions of Nakhchivan and had in the VI millennium B.C. (33, p. 451- taken part the ethnogeny of the people. 453). The same time many sources And the territories and history of kangar showed that the prototurks as as, turukki, tribes how was investigated by kuti, lulubi, nakhar, shu, subar, koman, historians? Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 906 R.Ozdak divides oghuz tirbes in territories with pechenegs in the two branch “Uch okhlar” (Three arrows), beginning of our era and they were “Boz okhlar” (Grey arrows). Gayi, inhabited in Nakhchivan territories in the Bayat, Alkaravli, Karaavul, Yazir, V century of our era (2, p. 352). Doyer, Dodurga, Yaparli, Avshar, M.Valiyev without any sources have Karkin, Baydilli, Kizik tribes are entered writting that ancient turk tribes came to in Boz okhlar branch, Bayandir, Azerbaijan in 826-836 years for to Bechana, Chavuldur, Chabni, Salur, destroyed the rebellion rising against Eymur, Alayuntli, Uragir, Yigdir, Arabs. Bugduz, Yiva, Kinig tribes are entered in He shows javanshirli, kayi, Uch okhlar branch. In here it is kangar, khalaj, turkman, jagatay and etc. concidered that Kinig tribes are kangars tribes among the turks came from the but there is no any other information banks of Amudarya river. In here about their history (41, p. 1). kangars with the names of “kanqli”, In other sources Kayi, Bayat, “khanga” are considered the inheritor of Alkaevli, Karaevli, Yazır, Dogər, pechenegs (35, p. 41). K.Smirnov Dodurga, Yaparli, Afshar, Kizir, showes that kangar tribes came to Baydilli, Garkhin tribes were entered Nakhchivan in the XI century. He has into “Boz okh” branch and Bayandir, been writing that they had inhabited in Pechene, Chavuldur, Chepni, Salur, Garabag and Nakhchivan about one Eymur, Alayuntlu, Yuregir, İgdir, thousand years ago and their coming aim Bugduz, İva, Kinik were entered into these lands was to help arabs to invade “Uch okh” branch and so they became 24 Transcaucasia (45, p. 10-18, 36). This tribes (51). thought also has not a completely In here Kiniks are also scientific basis. concidered kangar tribes but there is no Chine sources belong to the II any other information about the history century B.C. have an important and territories of these tribes. importance by the scientific aspect. In Superficial thoughts are exist in here in the North-West of Usun tribes is Azerbaijan Soviet Encyclopaedia dealt with Kanqyuy (Kangar) state and it published during soviet period. In here it was emphasize that these tribes had is showed that kangars came to our Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 907 come here from the North-West of We must note that Kharazm. In those sources it is spoken G.Geybullayev`s investigations have a special importance connected with these about the archaeological findings problems. He has widely investigated the belong to paleolith period in the island traveler`s and investigators` works of little Kangar in the South-Eastern connected with kangars as Strabon, Asia and it was showed that those K.Bagryanarodni, G.Moraving, Ibn findings belong to the tribes who lived Khordadbeh, S. Klyashtorni, L. those lands (48, p. 87; 50, p. 445). The Meliksetbekov, S.Alyarov, S. expression of “the culture of Yeremyan. According to the Georgia, archaeological examples of paleolith Armenia, Syria, arab sources the author period” belong to the VII millennium proves by scientific facts that kangars B.C. In this case Kangar turks may be the were spread out in the lands of Alban, inheritor of the prototurks who formed Aral lake, Sirdarya, all Azerbaijan the this culture (-F.R.). same in Nakhchivan. In here it is I. Aliyev who connects the first showed that the tribes written as development period of ancient “kanqli”, “kanqay”, “kangar” and etc. Azerbaijan culture with prototurks shows the tribes as subartu, lulu, guti, are kangars and they had a state named turuk, kuman, kangar, az, zangi, kassi, Kanqyuy in the II century B.C. and in sak and etc. who were the aborigen the V century the have inhabited in inhabitans in these territories and Caucasian as a branch of pechenegs (30, concerning them to III-I centuries B.C. p. 102-103). According to the V century (1, p. 86). In academician I.Habibbayli`s sources G.Geybullayev notes that writings kangars have showed together “Kangar land” was exist in Qazakh with bulgag, khazar, oghuz and etc. region and kangars unity with pechenegs prototurks in Azerbaijan territories in the is specially emphasized. He notes that IX century B.C. The author notes that pecheneg and kangars came to they were local tribes together with territories between Iravan khanate and kangars in Manna, Midia, Atropaten states (25, p. 32-38). Georgia in the III-II centuries B.C. According to N.Q.Adons information Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 908 and ancient sources G.Geybullayev in Middle Asia and Mongolia named as concerning the Kangar land on the “Khangar” (11, p.