DOCSLIB.ORG

Escola De Humanidades Programa De Pós-Graduação Em História Mestrado Em História

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Escola De Humanidades Programa De Pós-Graduação Em História Mestrado Em História ESCOLA DE HUMANIDADES PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA MESTRADO EM HISTÓRIA NYKOLLAS GABRYEL OROCZKO NUNES GEORGE KENNAN E A ESCRITA DO DISTANTE EM TENT LIFE IN SIBERIA (1870) Porto Alegre 2020 PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL ESCOLA DE HUMANIDADES PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA NYKOLLAS GABRYEL OROCZKO NUNES George Kennan e a escrita do distante em Tent Life in Siberia (1870) Porto Alegre 2020 NYKOLLAS GABRYEL OROCZKO NUNES George Kennan e a escrita do distante em Tent Life in Siberia (1870) Dissertação apresentada como requisito para obtenção do grau de Mestre pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação de História da Escola de Humanidades da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Orientadora: Dra. Luciana Murari Porto Alegre 2020 AGRADECIMENTOS A trajetória da escrita deste trabalho não foi sem complicações, imprevistos e vacilos. Agradeço primeiramente à minha família, especialmente à minha mãe, minha vó Antonia, meu tio Alexandre e minha tia Tania, pela construção constante e afetuosa de uma estrutura de apoio total ao meu interesse acadêmico, que permitiu que eu me dedicasse a esta dissertação sem que uma série de outras preocupações se somassem a estes empecilhos e impossibilitassem o trabalho. Poder contar com tal tipo de apoio é um privilégio infelizmente restrito poucas pessoas, e que não pode ter sua importância diminuída. Pude contar também com alguns grupos de bons amigos que tornaram a caminhada menos árdua, colaborando para que concluísse o trabalho com saúde. Agradeço principalmente ao Andrei, ao Guilherme, ao Erick e à Annie, que estiveram comigo de maneira mais presente do que quaisquer outros. Também sei que deixei fazer minha parte nas relações de amizade com muitas pessoas, pelo quê sinto muito, mas a todos também agradeço pela paciência e compreensão. Agradeço a todos os professores com quem pude aprender no programa de pós- graduação da PUCRS, e também agradeço imensamente à professora Luciana Murari pela orientação sem a qual não teria sido possível escrever este trabalho. A confiança depositada em mim, a compreensão demonstrada e as leituras e discussões proporcionadas foram todos elementos indispensáveis nesta trajetória. Também agradeço aos professores Arthur Lima de Ávila e Eliane Cristina Deckmann Fleck, que fizeram contribuições valiosas para o trabalho e para minha formação acadêmica. Agradeço à minha enteada, Lílian Martelete do Amaral de Oliveira, por tornar o dia-a- dia tão mais agradável e por fazer eu me tornar uma pessoa menos irresponsável e imatura. Acima de tudo, agradeço à minha companheira, Giovanna Martelete do Amaral, pela ajuda inestimável com o trabalho e pelo carinho e apoio afetivo dos quais precisei muito, mas também por ser um exemplo de pesquisadora, por me incentivar a seguir adiante e por estar ao meu lado ao longo de toda esta jornada. RESUMO Em 1870, um jovem estadunidense chamado George Kennan publicou um livro intitulado Tent Life in Siberia. Era uma narrativa de viagem sobre sua experiência como funcionário do Telégrafo Russo-americano, que visava construir uma linha no nordeste da Ásia e no noroeste da América, conectando os sistemas de comunicação dos dois continentes e, eventualmente, ligando todo o hemisfério norte. Kennan trabalhou como explorador no braço siberiano da expedição de 1865 a 1867, fazendo a prospecção da área, conhecendo as populações nativas e avaliando quanto podiam depender de seus serviços e cooperação, e em geral identificando a melhor rota possível para a passagem do telégrafo. O Telégrafo Russo- americano, no entanto, nunca foi concluído, tendo perdido a corrida para seu concorrente subaquático, o Cabo Atlântico. O explorador deixou a empresa com quase nada, exceto seus diários de viagem e anotações. Com estes em mãos, ele rapidamente começou a se inserir no enorme mercado estadunidense de palestras e literatura de viagem, e logo teve um livro publicado. Seria a primeira de uma lista de obras escritas que chamaram moderada atenção dos historiadores nos últimos cinquenta anos. Ao escrever esta peça, Kennan não contou apenas com sua experiência e anotações, mas também com uma vasta tradição literária que apresentava padrões para ele seguir ou dos quais se afastar para se conectar com seu público percebido. Seus escritos refletem os diálogos engajados com essas tradições e com a sociedade dos EUA do século XIX. Ele teve a complexa tarefa de traduzir para um público ocidental suas percepções de terras e povos distantes e, para cumpri-lo, apoiou-se em muitas convenções discursivas. Essas mesmas convenções, por sua vez, também o ensinaram a perceber a natureza, a wilderness, a alteridade, a aventura e outros aspectos de sua jornada que ele transmitiu a seus leitores. Palavras-chave: Literatura de viagem. Paisagem. Wilderness. Alteridade. George Kennan. ABSTRACT In 1870, a young American named George Kennan published a book named Tent Life in Siberia. It was a travel narrative concerning his experience as an employee of the Russian American Telegraph, which aimed to construct a line in Northeast Asia and Northwest America, connecting the systems of communications of the two continents, and eventually wiring the whole northern hemisphere together. Kennan worked as an explorer in the Siberian arm of the expedition from 1865 to 1867, surveying the area, meeting the native populations and assessing how reliable were their services and cooperation, and generally identifying the best possible route for the telegraph to pass through. The Russian American Telegraph, however, was never completed, having lost the race to its subaquatic competitor, the Atlantic Cable. The explorer left the enterprise with almost nothing, except for his travel diaries and annotations. With those in hand, he quickly started to insert himself in the huge American market for travel writing and lecturing, and soon had a book published. It would be his first of a list of written works that got him moderate attention from historians over the last fifty years. In writing this piece, Kennan did not count only with his experience and notes, but also with a vast literary tradition that presented standards for him to follow or deviate from in order to connect with his perceived public. His writing reflects the dialogs engaged with these traditions and with the society of nineteenth century USA. He had the complex task of translating for a Western audience his perceptions of distant lands and peoples, and to fulfill it he leaned on many conventions of discourse. These same conventions, in turn, had also taught him how to perceive nature, wilderness, otherness, adventure and other aspects of his journey that he relayed to his readers. Key-words: Travel literature. Landscape. Wilderness. Otherness. George Kennan. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Mapa 1 - Área do leste siberiano percorrida por George Kennan entre 1865 e 1867………....X Figura 1 - Passagem do Monte Cenis, de Joseph Mallord William Turner…………………....X Figura 2 - Paisagem invernal, de Caspar David Friedrich………………………………….....X Figura 3 - Andarilho sobre o mar de névoa, de Caspar David Friedrich………………….......X Figura 4 - O Mar de Gelo, de Caspar David Friedrich.…………………………………..…....X SUMÁRIO 1 INTRODUÇÃO……………………………………………...…………...……...…..10 1.1 TENT LIFE IN SIBERIA…………………………………..………………………….16 2 GEORGE KENNAN E A ESCRITA DE TENT LIFE IN SIBERIA....……....…..23 2.1 INTRODUÇÃO…………………………………………………………....……...….23 2.2 CONTEXTO DE FORMAÇÃO……………………………………………...…...….23 2.3 LEITURA E ESCRITA………...…………………………………………………….32 2.4 INSERÇÃO NO MERCADO EDITORIAL……………………………………....….47 2.5 ESCREVER UM RELATO DE VIAGEM EM 1870……………………………..….52 2.6 CENTO E CINQUENTA ANOS DE TENT LIFE IN SIBERIA……………...…...….57 2.7 À SOMBRA DE SIBERIA AND THE EXILE SYSTEM…………………………...…62 3 UMA HISTORIOGRAFIA DA OBRA DE GEORGE KENNAN……….…...….65 3.1 INTRODUÇÃO…………………………………………………………………...….65 3.2 APRESENTANDO KENNAN À ACADEMIA: TAYLOR STULTS……..…...…....71 3.3 “A” BIOGRAFIA: FREDERICK F. TRAVIS………………………………….……74 3.4 DO CENTRO DAS ATENÇÕES A UMA PEÇA DO TODO: WILLIAM BRUCE LINCOLN…………………………………………………………………………………….81 3.5 NARRATIVAS MESTRAS: DANILOFF E HUNDLEY…………...……………….83 3.6 NOVOS ENFOQUES: FRITH MAIER…………………………………..…….……88 3.7 DIÁLOGOS INTERDISCIPLINARES: BRUMFIELD E VAN ZYL……………….92 3.8 ABORDAGENS CONTEMPORÂNEAS: WROBEL E SMITH-PETER……..…….97 3.9 OUTRAS ESCRITAS…………………………………………………………….....102 4 TORNAR O DISTANTE VISÍVEL….....……………………..…………….........104 4.1 INTRODUÇÃO: GEORGE KENNAN E A WILDERNESS…………………......…104 4.2 KAMTCHATKA E A APRECIAÇÃO ROMÂNTICA DA PAISAGEM………......110 4.3 A MONTANHA E O DESFILADEIRO: WILDERNESS POR EXCELÊNCIA….....120 4.4 TUNDRAS E AURORAS: DESAFIOS À COMPREENSÃO……………………....127 5 POVOAR AS DISTÂNCIAS DESCRITAS…………………………………........139 5.1 KAMTCHATKA HABITADA: ENTRE O FAMILIAR E O “NOVO E COMPARATIVAMENTE DESCONHECIDO”....................................................................139 5.2 OUTROS SUJEITOS EM OUTRA FRONTEIRA: KAMTCHADAIS E RUSSOS..................................................................................................................................146 5.3 OS CORIACOS: SEPARADOS DA CIVILIZAÇÃO………………..…...…......…156 6 CONCLUSÃO….…………………………..…………………….……...…………166 FONTES……………………………………………………………….…………....169 REFERÊNCIAS………………………………………………....………………....172 10 1 INTRODUÇÃO No ano de 1864, George Kennan, um jovem telegrafista natural de Ohio, nos Estados Unidos, decidiu candidatar-se a uma posição de explorador na expedição organizada pela Western Union Telegraph Company, o Telégrafo-Russo Americano. O
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Financial Supporters
    FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS Care and Share Food Bank for Southern Colorado 2011-12 Financial Supporters 100% Chiropractic Lanny and Paul Adams Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Ahrendsen 14K Real Estate Investments LLC Ms. Laura Adams Mr. Kevin Ahrens 1882 Management Mr. and Mrs. Lon Adams Mr. and Mrs. Charles Aiken 1st Cavalry Rocky Mountain Chapter Col and Mrs. Louis Adams Ms. Laverne Ainley 221 South Oak Bistro Ms. Maggie Adams Air Academy Federal Credit Union 4-Bits 4-H Club Ms. Mary Adams Air Academy Federal Credit Union 4Clicks - Solutions, LLC Mr. Michael Adams Air Academy High School - District 20 A & L Aluminum Manufacturing Company Mr. and Mrs. Rexford Adams Mr. TJ Airhart A Handymike Home Repair Mr. and Mrs. Robert Adams Aka Wilson, LLC A to Z Realty Mr. S. Michael Adams Mr. Richard Alaniz AA “Accurate and Affordable” Striping, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Adams Ms. Susan Alarid AAA NCNU Insurance Exchange Mr. Steve Adams Ms. Karin Alaska AAA Northern California Nevada & Utah Suzanne Adams Mr. Arturo Albanesi AARP Foundation Adams Bank & Trust Mr. and Mrs. Mac Alberico Ms. Renee Abbe Mrs. Alda Adcox Ms. Cheryl Alberto Ms. Marjory Abbott Add Staff Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Dewey Albertson Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Peyton Abbott Ms. Constance Addington Mr. W. Gary Albertson Ms. Stephanie Abbott Mr. and Mrs. D. V. Addington Albertsons LLC Ms. Brianna Abby Ms. Linda Addington Mr. and Mrs. Albert Albrandt Mr. and Mrs. Donald Abdallah Ms. Vicky Addison Mr. Gerald Albrecht Mr. Tony Abdella Ms. Deirdre Aden-Smith Ms. Patricia Albright Mr. and Mrs. William Abel Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Endophthalmitis
    ............................ Mycosis of the Eye and Its Adnexa .. ............................ Developments in Ophthalmology Vol. 32 Series Editor W. Behrens-Baumann, Magdeburg ............................ Mycosis of the Eye and Its Adnexa W. Behrens-Baumann, Magdeburg with a contribution by R. RuÈchel,GoÈttingen 39 ®gures, 31 in color, and 39 tables, 1999 ............................ Prof. Dr. med. W. Behrens-Baumann Klinik fuÈr Augenheilkunde, Otto-von-Guericke-UniversitaÈt Leipziger Strasse 44, D±39120 Magdeburg This is a revised and extended translation of a former German version entitled Pilzerkrankungen des Auges by Wolfgang Behrens-Baumann The reproduction of the color illustrations in this book was made possible by a generous contribution from the Heinz Karger Memorial Foundation Continuation of `Bibliotheca Ophthalmologica', `Advances in Ophthalmology', and `Modern Problems in Ophthalmology' Founded 1926 as `Abhandlungen aus der Augenheilkunde und ihren Grenzgebieten' by C. Behr, Hamburg and J. Meller, Wien Former Editors: A. BruÈckner, Basel (1938±1959); H. J. M. Wewe, Utrecht (1938±1962); H. M. Dekking, Groningen (1954±1966); E. R. StreiV, Lausanne (1954±1979); J. FrancËois, Gand (1959±1979); J. van Doesschate, Utrecht (1967±1971); M. J. Roper-Hall, Birmingham (1966±1980); H. Sautter, Hamburg (1966±1980); W. Straub, Marburg a. d. Lahn (1981±1993) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Behrens-Baumann, Wolfgang. [Pilzerkrankungen des Auges, English] Mycosis of the eye and its adnexa / W. Behrens-Baumann; with a contribution by R. Ruchel. (Developments in ophthalmology; vol. 32) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. 1. Oculomycoses. I. Ruchel, R. II. Title. III. Series. [DNLM: 1. Eye Infections, Fungal ± drug therapy. 2. Eye Infections, Fungal ± diagnosis. W1 DE998NG v.32 1999] RE901.F8B4413 1999 617.7 ± dc21 ISSN 0250±3751 ISBN 3±8055±6915±7 (hardcover : alk.
    [Show full text]
  • TRACING the DISCOURSE of AMERICAN EXCEPTIONALISM by Aron Tabor
    DOES EXCEPTION PROVE THE RULE? TRACING THE DISCOURSE OF AMERICAN EXCEPTIONALISM By Aron Tabor Submitted to Central European University Doctoral School of Political Science, Public Policy and International Relations In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science Supervisor: Alexander Astrov Word Count: 91,719 Budapest, Hungary 2019 ii Declaration I hereby declare that no parts of this thesis have been accepted for any other degrees in any other institutions. This thesis contains no material previously written and/or published by another person, except where appropriate acknowledgement is made in the form of bibliographical reference. Aron Tabor April 26, 2019 iii iv Abstract The first two decades of the twenty-first century saw an unprecedented proliferation of the discourse of American exceptionalism both in scholarly works and in the world of politics; several recent contributions have characterized this notion in the context of a set of beliefs that create, construct, (re-)define and reproduce a particular foreign policy identity. At the same time, some authors also note that the term “American exceptionalism” itself was born in a specific discourse within U.S. Communism, and, for a period, it was primarily understood with reference to the peculiar causes behind the absence of a strong socialist movement in the United States. The connection between this original meaning and the later usage is not fully explored; often it is assumed that “exceptionalism” existed before the label was created as the idea is traced back to the founding of the American nation or even to the colonial period.
    [Show full text]
  • George Kennan and the Challenge of Siberia
    George Kennan and the Challenge of Siberia NICHOLAS DANILOFF he small boy pressed his nose against the window. He could hardly pass up T the chance to see the doctor treat his playmate, whose arm had been man- gled in the cogwheels of a mill. Through the pane, the boy spied the surgeon unsheathe a saw and carefully draw its razor-sharp teeth across the injured arm below the elbow. With horror, many years later, the boy at the window would describe the amputation: The surgeon accidentally let slip the end of one of the severed arteries and a jet of warm blood spurted from the stump of the upper arm to the inside of the window pane against which my face was pressed. The effect upon me was a sensation that I never felt before in all my boyish life—a sensation of deadly nausea, faintness and overwhelming fear.1 The peeping boy of 1855 would grow up to be the adventurous traveler George Kennan, a cousin twice removed of the twentieth-century George F. Kennan, American ambassador to Stalin’s Russia. Years after the operation, the nineteenth- century Kennan would succeed in amputating his own insecurities to brave the wilds of Siberia, to expose the horrors of the Russian penal system, and to become America’s first great authority on Russia. George Kennan, the elder, first intrigued me when I worked in Moscow as a journalist during the cold war over a hundred years later. I was drawn into the search for Kennan’s traces when I began researching the life of my own great- great-grandfather, a Russian exiled to Siberia for conspiring to overthrow the czar in 1825.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs
    The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project ARNOLD DENYS Interviewed by: Self Copyright 1998 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements A out the Author Note to the Reader Preface A Crisis in the Life of a Foreign Service Officer My Beginnings (S Citi)enship Return to Civilian Life Panama Assignment Crisis in Panama London Egypt Athens Mexico Canada ,ashington, DC Antwerp ,ashington to Tijuana Tijuana Tijuana to Retirement Conclusion DIARY Son of Flanders The Making of a Consul. Diary of an American Foreign Service Officer In Memory of Emiel Denys 01103411767 8odelieve Maria Denys 01101411117 AC9NO,LED8MENTS 1 I feel deep gratitude to my late parents for their encouragement to write this memoir. The late Mrs. 9atherine McCook 9nox, an art historian from ,ashington, DC, was in great part responsi le for my efforts in compiling letters and notes on the American Foreign Service. My thanks also go to Rhoda Riddell, Ph.D., a writer and teacher, who transcri ed and edited my handwritten account, which was taken from my diary. I also wish to thank Art Drexler, who completed the editing and prepared the book for printing. I wish also to thank the following persons, whom I have known in the long course of my foreign service career, and who have meant so much to me both personally and professionally, and deserve special acknowledgment. Consul 8eneral John D. Barfield Vice Consul 0Ret.7 Frank J. Barrett Miguel Angel 8arcia Charles Stuart 9ennedy, Director of the Association for Diplomatic Studies, who inspired me with his work on the Foreign Affairs Oral History Program.
    [Show full text]
  • ADAPTATION of FORESTS and PEOPLE to CLIMATE Change – a Global Assessment Report
    International Union of Forest Research Organizations Union Internationale des Instituts de Recherches Forestières Internationaler Verband Forstlicher Forschungsanstalten Unión Internacional de Organizaciones de Investigación Forestal IUFRO World Series Vol. 22 ADAPTATION OF FORESTS AND PEOPLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE – A Global Assessment Report Prepared by the Global Forest Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change Editors: Risto Seppälä, Panel Chair Alexander Buck, GFEP Coordinator Pia Katila, Content Editor This publication has received funding from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, the United Kingdom´s Department for International Development, the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, and the United States Forest Service. The views expressed within this publication do not necessarily reflect official policy of the governments represented by these institutions. Publisher: International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) Recommended catalogue entry: Risto Seppälä, Alexander Buck and Pia Katila. (eds.). 2009. Adaptation of Forests and People to Climate Change. A Global Assessment Report. IUFRO World Series Volume 22. Helsinki. 224 p. ISBN 978-3-901347-80-1 ISSN 1016-3263 Published by: International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) Available from: IUFRO Headquarters Secretariat c/o Mariabrunn (BFW) Hauptstrasse 7 1140 Vienna Austria Tel: + 43-1-8770151 Fax: + 43-1-8770151-50 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.iufro.org/ Cover photographs: Matti Nummelin, John Parrotta and Erkki Oksanen Printed in Finland by Esa-Print Oy, Tampere, 2009 Preface his book is the first product of the Collabora- written so that they can be read independently from Ttive Partnership on Forests’ Global Forest Expert each other.
    [Show full text]
  • Buscapronta Base De Dados Junho/2010
    BUSCAPRONTA WWW.BUSCAPRONTA.COM BASE DE DADOS JUNHO/2010 9.264.260 SOBRENOMES / ENDEREÇOS PESQUISADOS SITES E LINKS A 145147 B 1347538 C 495817 D 276690 E 17216 F 177217 G 105102 H 61772 I 4082 J 29600 K 655085 L 42311 M 550085 N 540620 O 4793 P 117441 Q 226 R 1716485 S 1089982 T 71176 U 35625 V 47393 W 1681776 X / Y 1490 Z 49591 ATUALIZAÇÕES E PÁGINAS OFF LINE PODEM ALTERAR (PARA MAIS OU PARA MENOS) OS PRESENTES NÚMEROS EM ATÉ 5% A 8% ATENÇÃO Os números apresentados à direita de alguns sobrenomes indicam o número de sites e links correspondentes. Links podem se referir a um ou mais indivíduos. Sobrenomes sem numeração à direita se referem a famílias, indivíduo ou grupo de indivíduos. Relação de sobrenomes apresentada em 3 segmentos distintos (um não substitui o outro quando apresentar o mesmo sobrenome). Eventualmente, poderá ocorrer superposição de informação sobre um mesmo indivíduo, em endereços Internet diferentes. Este arquivo geral não substitui os demais arquivos apresentados no site BUSCAPRONTA. Para facilitar sua pesquisa utilize a ferramenta EDITAR/LOCALIZAR so WORD. BUSCAPRONTA não reproduz dados genealógicos. È necessário acessar os sites e links correspondentes. As informações contidas nos sites e links são de única e exclusiva responsabilidade de seus respectivos editores. O Banco de Dados do BUSCAPRONTA é complementado diariamente com novos dados eventualmente não apresentados neste resumo geral. Se você não encontrou aqui todos os dados de que necessita para sua pesquisa entre em contato e informe sobre os sobrenomes
    [Show full text]
  • The SIBERIAN LETTERS of GEORGE KENNAN the Elder, 1866-1867
    The SIBERIAN LETTERS of GEORGE KENNAN the Elder, 1866-1867 Susan Smith-Peter O CCASIONAL PAPER # 310 The Kennan Institute is a division of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Through its programs of residential scholarships, meetings, and publications, the Institute encourages scholarship on the successor states to the Soviet Union, embracing a broad range of fields in the social sciences and humanities. The Kennan Institute is supported by contributions from foundations, corporations, individuals, and the United States Government. Kennan Institute Occasional Papers Occasional Papers are submitted by Kennan Institute scholars and visiting speakers. The Kennan Institute makes Occasional Papers available to all those interested. Occasional Papers published since 1999 are available on the Institute’s website, www.wilsoncenter.org/kennan. This Occasional Paper has been produced with the support of the George F. Kennan Fund. The Kennan Institute is most grateful for this support. The views expressed in Kennan Institute Occasional Papers are those of the author. The author would like to thank her students in History 401, Seminar in Advanced Historical Study, at the College of Staten Island/ City University of New York, for their work on George Kennan and his letters. Cover Image: George Kennan the Elder, 1868 © 2016 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. www.wilsoncenter.org ISBN: 978-1-938027-53-6 THE WILSON CENTER, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1966
    NASA SP-4007 ASTRONAUTICS AND AERONAUTICS, 1966 Chronology on Science, Technology, and Policy Text by Science and Technology Division Library of Congress Sponsored by NASA Historical Staff Office of Policy Screntrfic and Technrcal Information Divisron 1967 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WaJhington, D.C. For Sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price 8.50 (paper cover) Library of Congrcss Catalog Card Nmbcr 66-60096 Foreword . .. At the opening of the tenth year in the era of man’s mobility in outer space, we can look back on 1966 as offering convincing evidence that the United States had gained great competence. This evidence included: five orbital space flights by ten Gemini astronauts; four lunar missions under- taking the orbiting of and softlanding on the moon; numerous contributions to scientific knowledge by unmanned spacecraft and sounding rockets; and further demonstrations of the practical utility of operational space systems, including weather and communications satellites. During 1966, a record 100 American spacecraft were placed into earth orbit or on escape trajectories. Thousands of revealing and useful pictures of the earth were taken from space and of the moon from lunar orbit and on its surface. The Gemini program ended with rendezvous and docking experiments and extravehicular activity by the Gemini test pilots as the Apollo R&D test flights leading to the manned lunar mission came into the schedule. Thirty-five major scientific, technological, and operational mile- stones were cited for 1966 by the President in his Report to the Congress on aeronautical and space activities of the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Godinho Vt Me Bauru.Pdf (4.652Mb)
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM DOCÊNCIA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: SEQUÊNCIA DE ENSINO INVESTIGATIVO SOBRE A LUA VIVIAN THAÍS GODINHO BAURU 2021 0 VIVIAN THAÍS GODINHO ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: SEQUÊNCIA DE ENSINO INVESTIGATIVO SOBRE A LUA Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre a Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – Faculdade de Ciências, Campus de Bauru – Programa de Pós- graduação em Docência para a Educação Básica, sob orientação do Prof. Dr. João José Caluzi. BAURU 2021 1 2 3 Dedico esse trabalho à Deus que tornou esse sonho possível, aos meus Pais que me ensinaram o verdadeiro valor da educação, aos poucos e maravilhosos amigos e em especial aos meus lindos e queridos alunos que tornaram esse trabalho um presente maravilhoso. 4 Ensinar é um exercício de imortalidade. De alguma forma continuamos a viver naqueles cujos olhos aprenderam a ver o mundo pela magia das nossas palavras. O professor, assim, não morre jamais... Rubem Alves AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço muito aos meus pais por serem a minha base e que sempre me incentivaram a buscar o sonho do mestrado e nunca me deixaram esmorecer nos percalços dos caminhos até aqui. Agradeço muito a alguns amigos especiais que com certeza sem eles eu também não teria conseguido chegar até aqui: a minha irmã de coração Débora que sempre me incentivou e me mostrou que eu era capaz. O Guilherme um presente maravilhoso que ganhei com o mestrado, que sempre me falava pra ter calma, que tudo ia ficar bem, e ria do meu exagero e que durante esses dois anos me aturou bravamente, aguentando meus áudios de mais de dois minutos.
    [Show full text]
  • George Kennan and the Russian Empire: How America's Conscience Became an Enemy of Tsarism
    OP #277 George Kennan and the Russian Empire: How America’s Conscience Became an Enemy of Tsarism by Helen Hundley In 1885–1886, one of America’s the Atlantic Cable had alr eady failed most r espected r eporters, Geor ge twice. Perry McDonough Collins’ plan Kennan (1845–1924), changed his mind sought to solve the pr oblem through a about the basic natur e of the Imperial joint ef fort of the Russian Empir e and Russian government. 1 He would spend the United States. Thus, in 1865 and the subsequent four decades of his 1866, 3 the young George Kennan had a active life attempting to challenge U.S. fascinating adventur e, an adventur e policy and to mold U.S. public opin- which left him with a lifetime love— ion, a goal he was lar gely successful in Russia. achieving. After his first trip to the Kennan’s book about his travels, Russian Empire in the 1860s, he had Tent Life in Siberia gradually gained worked hard to create a benign portrait him some notoriety as an “expert” on of Russia. Given its location in Eur ope, the Russian Empire in the United its monar chical system, and its alien States, but did not pr ovide him with nature, this was no small feat. After his wealth. 4 It took some years after experiences with critics of the Russian returning fr om his first trip to the government in 1885 and 1886, he Russian Empire to establish himself. In sought to expose the American public time, he found a car eer in r eporting, and government to the evils of the and became a premier r eporter for the Russian government while separating new Associated Press.
    [Show full text]
  • Alexander Gumberg and Soviet-American Relations: 1917–1933
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Relations Political Science 1977 Alexander Gumberg and Soviet-American Relations: 1917–1933 James K. Libbey Eastern Kentucky University Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Libbey, James K., "Alexander Gumberg and Soviet-American Relations: 1917–1933" (1977). International Relations. 13. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_political_science_international_relations/13 Alexander Gumberg & Soviet-American Relations This page intentionally left blank Alexander Gumberg & Soviet-American Relations 1917-1933 James K. Libbey The University Press of Kentucky ISBN: 978-0-8131-5338-4 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 77-73704 Copyright© 1977 by The University Press of Kentucky A statewide cooperative scholarly publishing agency serving Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Club, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University Editorial and Sales Offices: Lexington, Kentucky 40506 JOYCE This page intentionally left blank CONTENTSv Preface ix Introduction 1 1. The Russian-American 14 2. Ambassador without Portfolio 25 3. Red Litmus Paper 40 4. The Unobtrusive Publicist 55 5. Passing the Torch 70 6. Delegations and Commissions 87 7. Struggle for Recognition 102 8.
    [Show full text]