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Psalms 38 and 145 of the Old Greek Version Supplements to Vetus Testamentum

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Psalms 38 and 145 of the Old Greek Version Supplements to Vetus Testamentum Psalms 38 and 145 of the Old Greek Version Supplements to Vetus Testamentum Editor in Chief Christl M. Maier Editorial Board H.M. Barstad - N. Calduch-Benages - D.M. Carr - R.P. Gordon - L.C. Jonker J. Joosten - G.N. Knoppers - A. van der Kooij - S.L. McKenzie - C.A. Newsom M. Nissinen - H. Spieckermann - N. Wazana - S.D. Weeks - H.G.M. Williamson volume 166 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/vts Psalms 38 and 145 of the Old Greek Version By Randall X. Gauthier leiden | boston Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gauthier, Randall X., author. Psalms 38 and 145 of the old Greek version / by Randall X. Gauthier. pages cm – (Supplements to Vetus Testamentum ; volume 166) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-28337-4 (hardback) : alk. paper) – ISBN 978-90-04-28338-1 (e-book) 1. Bible. Psalms. Greek. Septuagint. 2. Bible. Psalms–Criticism, interpretation, etc. I. Title. II. Series: Supplements to Vetus Testamentum ; v. 166. BS1430.52.G38 2014 223'.2048–dc23 2014034591 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 0083-5889 isbn 978-90-04-28337-4 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-28338-1 (e-book) Copyright 2014 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. τῇ γυναικί μου τῇ ἀγαπητῇ καὶ τοῖς δυσὶ υἱοῖς μου τοῖς ἀγαπητοῖς ∵ Contents Acknowledgements ix Sigla & Abbreviations xi 1 Introduction 1 1 Overview 1 2 Delimitation 2 3 Textual Considerations 7 4 Outline 34 2 Literature Overview 36 Part 1. Overview of Select Septuagint Translations & Methods 36 1 Introduction 36 2 A New English Translation of the Septuagint (nets) 41 3 La Bible d’Alexandrie (BdA) 62 4 Septuaginta Deutsch (lxx.d) 72 5 Septuagint Commentary Series 81 Part 2. Translation & Communication 82 6 Septuagint and Communication 82 7 lxx and Translation Studies: Relevance Theory (rt) 84 8 Relevance Theory and Interlingual Communication 90 9 Relevance Theory and Septuagint Studies 95 10 Septuagint Hermeneutics and Exegesis: Implications 101 11 Conclusion 104 3 Overview of Methodological Considerations 105 1 Grammatical, Syntactical, Lexical Comparisons 105 2 Versions 105 3 Context 105 4 Dual Emphasis 106 5 The Lexica and Lexicography 113 4 Psalm 38 (픐 39) 117 1 Translation 117 2 Outline of Psalm 38:1–14 118 3 Textual Source Description 119 4 The Dead Sea Scrolls 119 viii contents 5 Introduction 120 6 Commentary 120 5 Psalm 145 (픐 146) 229 1 Translation 229 2 Outline of Psalm 145:1–10 230 3 Textual Source Description 230 4 The Dead Sea Scrolls 230 5 Introduction 232 6 Commentary 233 6 Summary and Conclusions 303 1 Overview & Delimitation 303 2 Textual Criticism 303 3 Literature & Method 304 4 Psalms 38 & 145 309 Appendix 319 1 Purpose & Scope 319 2 Method & Explanation 319 3 Index 321 Bibliography 359 Index of Modern Authors 380 Index of Subjects 384 Index of Texts 385 Acknowledgements This book is a modified version of my doctoral dissertation, the research for which was conducted at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, from 2007 to 2010. I now happily thank those who were most instrumental to me, from the beginning of my undergraduate study to the present day. Thanks go to Ronald Sauer for instilling in me a love for the Greek language and encouraging me to dig deeper. To Jon Laansma, I give thanks for taking me to the next step. His academic rigor and incisive mind always remind me of how far I have yet to go. He helped me think through countless issues during my undergraduate and graduate work, and provided numerous helpful responses to technical Greek questions involved with my doctoral project. Through it all, my love for the Psalms has only increased over the years, having been first stoked in the fires of my first Hebrew exegesis classes under Andrew J. Schmutzer so many years ago. To him I owe perhaps my greatest and sustained gratitude for nursing me along from my earliest steps right up to the present. In him I have found not only an exemplary scholar, but have gained a life-long friend and mentor. Indeed, without Andrew I would have never made it to the doctoral level. Special thanks go to Gideon Kotzé, who not only read and commented on earlier drafts of my dissertation, but regularly brought serious textual issues to light. As iron sharpens iron I owe him thanks for his careful reading of my work, his expertise in textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible, as well as his assistance to me in understanding subtle nuances of so much German! My research is the better for him. I also give special thanks to my external examiners, Robert J.V.Hiebert and Harry F. van Rooy,and my internal examiner, Johan C. Thom, for bringing numerous errors to the light and for providing substantial feedback. Notwithstanding, all of the views expressed are my own as well as any errors that linger. Without a doubt my doctoral promoter, Johann Cook, deserves my heart-felt thanks for reasons too many to count. His scholarly output, interest, special- ization, and promotion of the Septuagint attracted me to Stellenbosch in the first place. During my brief stint in the beautiful wine country he calls home, I quickly learned that Johann is always positive, warm, jovial, witty, brilliant, open-minded, networking, planning, writing, teaching, and working. His well- deserved and hard-earned reputation as a continental scholar is the result of his tireless work ethic in his research pursuits and in the tasks he performs in conjunction with the many hats he wears in South Africa. Thanks go to Johann, Marie, and Herman-Peter for the personal invitations to their home, the warm x acknowledgements hospitality extended to me and my family, and for many wonderful braai expe- riences. Through it all I continually made use of Prof. Cook’s open office door and even had the privilege of taking intensive courses from him in biblical and extra-biblical Aramaic, Syriac, and Coptic. I was also able to participate in aca- demic conferences in South Africa and Namibia, at the expense of his own research fund. Thanks go to the sanrf for making research funds possible and to Prof. Cook for channeling a generous portion of these funds to me through a research assis- tantship. Thanks go to the University of Stellenbosch for the generous merit bursary that I benefitted from for two years. Without this financial support the present research would not have been possible. I thank the staff of the Gericke library and especially the interlibrary loan office, which I put to a great deal of work. Finally, I wish to thank my family for prayerful and financial support for so many years, and most recently, to my parents for their gracious help in the transition of our repatriation. I give thanks to my wife, Heather, most of all, for the daily support and strength to move forward. We moved from Texas to Chicago and on to South Africa where our first son was born. Without Heather’s willing and adventurous spirit I would have gone nowhere a long time ago. Sigla & Abbreviations 1219 Sanders, Henry A., ed. The Old Testament Manuscripts in the Freer Col- lection: Part ii, The Washington Manuscript of the Psalms. University of Michigan Studies Humanistic Series viii. New York: The Macmillian Company, 1917. See ch. 1, 3.2.4. 2110 Kasser, Rodolphe and Michel Testuz. Papyrus Bodmer xxiv: Psaumes xvii–cxviii. Cologny-Genève: Biblothèque Bodmer, 1967. See ch. 1, 3.2.4. * When subjoined to a lexical reference the asterisk (*) indicates that the example or verse noted is explicitly cited in the lexica. 픊* The Old Greek; the “original” or oldest recoverable text as opposed to later revisions or copies. Sometimes 픊* refers to the translator(s) of this text. Context will determine whether the text or translator(s) is intended. 픊 Septuagint (= lxx) 픐 Masoretic Text (= mt) 픔 Qumran, see ch. 1, 3.4.2. 픖 Syriac Peshitṭa, see ch. 1, 3.4.2. 픗픭픰 Targum Psalms, see ch. 1, 3.4.2. 픙 Latin Vulgate (= Uulg), see ch. 1, 3.4. ܐ Aquila (= α´) according to the marginal note in Codex Syro-Hexaplaris Ambrosianus after the edition of Ceriani, Antonio Maria, ed., Codex Syro-Hexaplaris Ambrosianus Photolithographice Editus. Monumenta Sacra et Profana Vol 7. Milan: Typis et impensis Bibliothecae Ambrosia- nae, 1874. ܣ Symmachus (= σ´) according to the marginal note in Codex Syro-Hexa- plaris Ambrosianus after the edition of Ceriani (1874). α´ Aquila σ´ Symmachus θ´ Theodotion a Codex Alexandrinus, see ch. 1, 3.2.4. a´’ a + 1219+55 + fragments 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2016, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2025, 2027, 2029, 2030, 2031, 2036, 2043, 2047, 2048, 2054 b Codex Vaticanus, see ch. 1, 3.2.4.
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