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The Epic Imagination in Contemporary Indian Literature
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School May 2017 Modern Mythologies: The picE Imagination in Contemporary Indian Literature Sucheta Kanjilal University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Kanjilal, Sucheta, "Modern Mythologies: The pE ic Imagination in Contemporary Indian Literature" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6875 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Modern Mythologies: The Epic Imagination in Contemporary Indian Literature by Sucheta Kanjilal A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy with a concentration in Literature Department of English College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Gurleen Grewal, Ph.D. Gil Ben-Herut, Ph.D. Hunt Hawkins, Ph.D. Quynh Nhu Le, Ph.D. Date of Approval: May 4, 2017 Keywords: South Asian Literature, Epic, Gender, Hinduism Copyright © 2017, Sucheta Kanjilal DEDICATION To my mother: for pencils, erasers, and courage. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS When I was growing up in New Delhi, India in the late 1980s and the early 1990s, my father was writing an English language rock-opera based on the Mahabharata called Jaya, which would be staged in 1997. An upper-middle-class Bengali Brahmin with an English-language based education, my father was as influenced by the mythological tales narrated to him by his grandmother as he was by the musicals of Broadway impressario Andrew Lloyd Webber. -
Abhinavagupta's Portrait of a Guru: Revelation and Religious Authority in Kashmir
Abhinavagupta's Portrait of a Guru: Revelation and Religious Authority in Kashmir The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:39987948 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Abhinavagupta’s Portrait of a Guru: Revelation and Religious Authority in Kashmir A dissertation presented by Benjamin Luke Williams to The Department of South Asian Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of South Asian Studies Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts August 2017 © 2017 Benjamin Luke Williams All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Parimal G. Patil Benjamin Luke Williams ABHINAVAGUPTA’S PORTRAIT OF GURU: REVELATION AND RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY IN KASHMIR ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to recover a model of religious authority that placed great importance upon individual gurus who were seen to be indispensable to the process of revelation. This person-centered style of religious authority is implicit in the teachings and identity of the scriptural sources of the Kulam!rga, a complex of traditions that developed out of more esoteric branches of tantric "aivism. For convenience sake, we name this model of religious authority a “Kaula idiom.” The Kaula idiom is contrasted with a highly influential notion of revelation as eternal and authorless, advanced by orthodox interpreters of the Veda, and other Indian traditions that invested the words of sages and seers with great authority. -
Mumbai Macbeth: Gender and Identity in Bollywood Adaptations Rashmila Maiti University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 8-2018 Mumbai Macbeth: Gender and Identity in Bollywood Adaptations Rashmila Maiti University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Asian Studies Commons, Comparative Literature Commons, and the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Maiti, Rashmila, "Mumbai Macbeth: Gender and Identity in Bollywood Adaptations" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2905. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2905 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Mumbai Macbeth: Gender and Identity in Bollywood Adaptations A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies by Rashmila Maiti Jadavpur University Bachelor of Arts in English Literature, 2007 Jadavpur University Master of Arts in English Literature, 2009 August 2018 University of Arkansas This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. M. Keith Booker, PhD Dissertation Director Yajaira M. Padilla, PhD Frank Scheide, PhD Committee Member Committee Member Abstract This project analyzes adaptation in the Hindi film industry and how the concepts of gender and identity have changed from the original text to the contemporary adaptation. The original texts include religious epics, Shakespeare’s plays, Bengali novels which were written pre- independence, and Hollywood films. This venture uses adaptation theory as well as postmodernist and postcolonial theories to examine how women and men are represented in the adaptations as well as how contemporary audience expectations help to create the identity of the characters in the films. -
OSU WPL # 27 (1983) 140- 164. the Elimination of Ergative Patterns Of
OSU WPL # 27 (1983) 140- 164. The Elimination of Ergative Patterns of Case-Marking and Verbal Agreement in Modern Indic Languages Gregory T. Stump Introduction. As is well known, many of the modern Indic languages are partially ergative, showing accusative patterns of case- marking and verbal agreement in nonpast tenses, but ergative patterns in some or all past tenses. This partial ergativity is not at all stable in these languages, however; what I wish to show in the present paper, in fact, is that a large array of factors is contributing to the elimination of partial ergativity in the modern Indic languages. The forces leading to the decay of ergativity are diverse in nature; and any one of these may exert a profound influence on the syntactic development of one language but remain ineffectual in another. Before discussing this erosion of partial ergativity in Modern lndic, 1 would like to review the history of what the I ndian grammar- ians call the prayogas ('constructions') of a past tense verb with its subject and direct object arguments; the decay of Indic ergativity is, I believe, best envisioned as the effect of analogical develop- ments on or within the system of prayogas. There are three prayogas in early Modern lndic. The first of these is the kartariprayoga, or ' active construction' of intransitive verbs. In the kartariprayoga, the verb agrees (in number and p,ender) with its subject, which is in the nominative case--thus, in Vernacular HindOstani: (1) kartariprayoga: 'aurat chali. mard chala. woman (nom.) went (fern. sg.) man (nom.) went (masc. -
Recognition of Online Handwritten Gurmukhi Strokes Using Support Vector Machine a Thesis
Recognition of Online Handwritten Gurmukhi Strokes using Support Vector Machine A Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Technology Submitted by Rahul Agrawal (Roll No. 601003022) Under the supervision of Dr. R. K. Sharma Professor School of Mathematics and Computer Applications Thapar University Patiala School of Mathematics and Computer Applications Thapar University Patiala – 147004 (Punjab), INDIA June 2012 (i) ABSTRACT Pen-based interfaces are becoming more and more popular and play an important role in human-computer interaction. This popularity of such interfaces has created interest of lot of researchers in online handwriting recognition. Online handwriting recognition contains both temporal stroke information and spatial shape information. Online handwriting recognition systems are expected to exhibit better performance than offline handwriting recognition systems. Our research work presented in this thesis is to recognize strokes written in Gurmukhi script using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The system developed here is a writer independent system. First chapter of this thesis report consist of a brief introduction to handwriting recognition system and some basic differences between offline and online handwriting systems. It also includes various issues that one can face during development during online handwriting recognition systems. A brief introduction about Gurmukhi script has also been given in this chapter In the last section detailed literature survey starting from the 1979 has also been given. Second chapter gives detailed information about stroke capturing, preprocessing of stroke and feature extraction. These phases are considered to be backbone of any online handwriting recognition system. Recognition techniques that have been used in this study are discussed in chapter three. -
Sanskrit Alphabet
Sounds Sanskrit Alphabet with sounds with other letters: eg's: Vowels: a* aa kaa short and long ◌ к I ii ◌ ◌ к kii u uu ◌ ◌ к kuu r also shows as a small backwards hook ri* rri* on top when it preceeds a letter (rpa) and a ◌ ◌ down/left bar when comes after (kra) lri lree ◌ ◌ к klri e ai ◌ ◌ к ke o au* ◌ ◌ к kau am: ah ◌ं ◌ः कः kah Consonants: к ka х kha ga gha na Ê ca cha ja jha* na ta tha Ú da dha na* ta tha Ú da dha na pa pha º ba bha ma Semivowels: ya ra la* va Sibilants: sa ш sa sa ha ksa** (**Compound Consonant. See next page) *Modern/ Hindi Versions a Other ऋ r ॠ rr La, Laa (retro) औ au aum (stylized) ◌ silences the vowel, eg: к kam झ jha Numero: ण na (retro) १ ५ ॰ la 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 @ Davidya.ca Page 1 Sounds Numero: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 १॰ ॰ १ २ ३ ४ ६ ७ varient: ५ ८ (shoonya eka- dva- tri- catúr- pancha- sás- saptán- astá- návan- dásan- = empty) works like our Arabic numbers @ Davidya.ca Compound Consanants: When 2 or more consonants are together, they blend into a compound letter. The 12 most common: jna/ tra ttagya dya ddhya ksa kta kra hma hna hva examples: for a whole chart, see: http://www.omniglot.com/writing/devanagari_conjuncts.php that page includes a download link but note the site uses the modern form Page 2 Alphabet Devanagari Alphabet : к х Ê Ú Ú º ш @ Davidya.ca Page 3 Pronounce Vowels T pronounce Consonants pronounce Semivowels pronounce 1 a g Another 17 к ka v Kit 42 ya p Yoga 2 aa g fAther 18 х kha v blocKHead -
Tugboat, Volume 15 (1994), No. 4 447 Indica, an Indic Preprocessor
TUGboat, Volume 15 (1994), No. 4 447 HPXC , an Indic preprocessor for T X script, ...inMalayalam, Indica E 1 A Sinhalese TEXSystem hpx...inSinhalese,etc. This justifies the choice of a common translit- Yannis Haralambous eration scheme for all Indic languages. But why is Abstract a preprocessor necessary, after all? A common characteristic of Indic languages is In this paper a two-fold project is described: the first the fact that the short vowel ‘a’ is inherent to con- part is a generalized preprocessor for Indic scripts (scripts of languages currently spoken in India—except Urdu—, sonants. Vowels are written by adding diacritical Sanskrit and Tibetan), with several kinds of input (LATEX marks (or smaller characters) to consonants. The commands, 7-bit ascii, CSX, ISO/IEC 10646/unicode) beauty (and complexity) of these scripts comes from and TEX output. This utility is written in standard Flex the fact that one needs a special way to denote the (the gnu version of Lex), and hence can be painlessly absence of vowel. There is a notorious diacritic, compiled on any platform. The same input methods are called “vir¯ama”, present in all Indic languages, which used for all Indic languages, so that the user does not is used for this reason. But it seems illogical to add a need to memorize different conventions and commands sign, to specify the absence of a sound. On the con- for each one of them. Moreover, the switch from one lan- trary, it seems much more logical to remove some- guage to another can be done by use of user-defineable thing, and what is done usually is that letters are preprocessor directives. -
Abhinavagupta's Theory of Relection a Study, Critical Edition And
Abhinavagupta’s Theory of Relection A Study, Critical Edition and Translation of the Pratibimbavāda (verses 1-65) in Chapter III of the Tantrāloka with the commentary of Jayaratha Mrinal Kaul A Thesis In the Department of Religion Presented in Partial Fulilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Religion) at Concordia University Montréal, Québec, Canada August 2016 © Mrinal Kaul, 2016 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Mrinal Kaul Entitled: Abhinavagupta’s Theory of Relection: A Study, Critical Edition and Translation of the Pratibimbavāda (verses 1-65) in Chapter III of the Tantrāloka with the commentary of Jayaratha and submitted in partial fulillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Religion) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the inal Examining Committee: _____________________________Chair Dr Christine Jourdan _____________________________External Examiner Dr Richard Mann _____________________________External to Programme Dr Stephen Yeager _____________________________Examiner Dr Francesco Sferra _____________________________Examiner Dr Leslie Orr _____________________________Supervisor Dr Shaman Hatley Approved by ____________________________________________________________ Dr Carly Daniel-Hughes, Graduate Program Director September 16, 2016 ____________________________________________ Dr André Roy, Dean Faculty of Arts and Science ABSTRACT Abhinavagupta’s Theory of Relection: A Study, Critical Edition and Translation of the Pratibimbavāda (verses 1-65) in the Chapter III of the Tantrāloka along with the commentary of Jayaratha Mrinal Kaul, Ph.D. Religion Concordia University, 2016 The present thesis studies the theory of relection (pratibimbavāda) as discussed by Abhinavagupta (l.c. 975-1025 CE), the non-dualist Trika Śaiva thinker of Kashmir, primarily focusing on what is often referred to as his magnum opus: the Tantrāloka. -
Madhya Bharti 75 21.07.18 English
A Note on Paradoxes and Some Applications Ram Prasad At times thoughts in prints, dialogues, conversations and the likes create illusion among people. There may be one reason or the other that causes fallacies. Whenever one attempts to clear the illusion to get the logical end and is unable to, one may slip into the domain of paradoxes. A paradox seemingly may appear absurd or self contradictory that may have in fact a high sense of thought. Here a wide meaning of it including its shades is taken. There is a group of similar sensing words each of which challenges the wit of an onlooker. A paradox sometimes surfaces as and when one is in deep immersion of thought. Unprinted or oral thoughts including paradoxes can rarely survive. Some paradoxes always stay folded to gaily mock on. In deep immersion of thought W S Gilbert remarks on it in the following poetic form - How quaint the ways of paradox At common sense she gaily mocks1 The first student to expect great things of Philosophy only to suffer disillusionment was Socrates (Sokratez) -'what hopes I had formed and how grievously was I disappointed'. In the beginning of the twentieth century mathematicians and logicians rigidly argued on topics which appear possessing intuitively valid but apparently contrary statements. At times when no logical end is seen around and the topic felt hot, more on lookers would enter into these entanglements with argumentative approach. May be, but some 'wise' souls would manage to escape. Zeno's wraths - the Dichotomy, the Achilles, the Arrow and the Stadium made thinkers very uncomfortable all along. -
Inflectional Morphology Analyzer for Sanskrit
Inflectional Morphology Analyzer for Sanskrit Girish Nath Jha, Muktanand Agrawal, Subash, Sudhir K. Mishra, Diwakar Mani, Diwakar Mishra, Manji Bhadra, Surjit K. Singh [email protected] Special Centre for Sanskrit Studies Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110067 The paper describes a Sanskrit morphological analyzer that identifies and analyzes inflected noun- forms and verb-forms in any given sandhi-free text. The system which has been developed as java servlet RDBMS can be tested at http://sanskrit.jnu.ac.in (Language Processing Tools > Sanskrit Tinanta Analyzer/Subanta Analyzer) with Sanskrit data as unicode text. Subsequently, the separate systems of subanta and ti anta will be combined into a single system of sentence analysis with karaka interpretation. Currently, the system checks and labels each word as three basic POS categories - subanta, ti anta, and avyaya. Thereafter, each subanta is sent for subanta processing based on an example database and a rule database. The verbs are examined based on a database of verb roots and forms as well by reverse morphology based on Pāini an techniques. Future enhancements include plugging in the amarakosha ( http://sanskrit.jnu.ac.in/amara ) and other noun lexicons with the subanta system. The ti anta will be enhanced by the k danta analysis module being developed separately. 1. Introduction The authors in the present paper are describing the subanta and ti anta analysis systems for Sanskrit which are currently running at http://sanskrit.jnu.ac.in . Sanskrit is a heavily inflected language, and depends on nominal and verbal inflections for communication of meaning. A fully inflected unit is called pada . -
Devan¯Agar¯I for TEX Version 2.17.1
Devanagar¯ ¯ı for TEX Version 2.17.1 Anshuman Pandey 6 March 2019 Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Project Information 3 3 Producing Devan¯agar¯ıText with TEX 3 3.1 Macros and Font Definition Files . 3 3.2 Text Delimiters . 4 3.3 Example Input Files . 4 4 Input Encoding 4 4.1 Supplemental Notes . 4 5 The Preprocessor 5 5.1 Preprocessor Directives . 7 5.2 Protecting Text from Conversion . 9 5.3 Embedding Roman Text within Devan¯agar¯ıText . 9 5.4 Breaking Pre-Defined Conjuncts . 9 5.5 Supported LATEX Commands . 9 5.6 Using Custom LATEX Commands . 10 6 Devan¯agar¯ıFonts 10 6.1 Bombay-Style Fonts . 11 6.2 Calcutta-Style Fonts . 11 6.3 Nepali-Style Fonts . 11 6.4 Devan¯agar¯ıPen Fonts . 11 6.5 Default Devan¯agar¯ıFont (LATEX Only) . 12 6.6 PostScript Type 1 . 12 7 Special Topics 12 7.1 Delimiter Scope . 12 7.2 Line Spacing . 13 7.3 Hyphenation . 13 7.4 Captions and Date Formats (LATEX only) . 13 7.5 Customizing the date and captions (LATEX only) . 14 7.6 Using dvnAgrF in Sections and References (LATEX only) . 15 7.7 Devan¯agar¯ıand Arabic Numerals . 15 7.8 Devan¯agar¯ıPage Numbers and Other Counters (LATEX only) . 15 1 7.9 Category Codes . 16 8 Using Devan¯agar¯ıin X E LATEXand luaLATEX 16 8.1 Using Hindi with Polyglossia . 17 9 Using Hindi with babel 18 9.1 Installation . 18 9.2 Usage . 18 9.3 Language attributes . 19 9.3.1 Attribute modernhindi . -
NMHS Fourth Quarterly Report-Jan to Dec 2020
Report National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) PERFORMA FOR THE QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT (Reporting Period from January to March 2020) 1. Project Information Project ID NMHS/2018-19/MG54/05 Project Title Improving capacity and strengthening wildlife conservation for sustainable livelihoods in Kashmir Himalaya Project Proponent Dr. Karthikeyan Vasudevan CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) Laboratory for Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES), Attapur Hyderguda, Hyderabad-500048 2. Objectives • To implement programs for the conservation of Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) using assisted reproduction technologies. • To assess the carnivore population (leopards and black bear) using non-invasive DNA based methods by involving the management team and local people • To screen livestock and wild ungulates for diseases and develop protocols for surveillance and monitoring • Provide training to scientists, forest department staff and skills to the local institutions to serve as referral centres for wildlife forensics (both plant and animals) using DNA based technologies 3. General Conditions • The project proponent will train selected scientists from BNHS, SACON, ZSI, WII and WWF under capacity building part. • Training of the state officials from line agencies should also be attempted in consultation with NMHS-PMU, GBPNIHSED. • A report based on baseline data should be submitted by the project proponent in the 1st quarter of the project. • A Certificate should be provided that this work is not the repeat of earlier work (as a mandatory exercise). • The roles and responsibilities of each implementing partners should be delineated properly with their budget. The budget allocations to partners should be done in accordance with the MoEF & CC guidelines (Max.