Chicago-Kent Law Review

Volume 90 Issue 3 Juries and Lay Participation: American Article 5 Perspectives and Global Trends

6-23-2015

Four Models of Jury Democracy

Jeffrey Abramson University of Texas at Austin

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Part of the Civil Procedure Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, and the Law and Philosophy Commons

Recommended Citation Jeffrey Abramson, Four Models of Jury Democracy, 90 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 861 (2015). Available at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol90/iss3/5

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago-Kent Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 47 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37   ͻǣͳͶ ǡ ‘‡  ‹˜‡ƒ– ƒŽƒ ”‡Ǧ ›„‡–Šƒ– –‹ ‡–Š‡ ƒ†Š‘™    ˆ‡••‘”• ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ ‘”„ƒ–Šǡ ƒ”› ǡ ”Ǥ‡–‡‹ƒŽŠƒ‹”‹ ‘˜‡”Ǧ •–‹‘•‘–Š‹•ƒ”–‹ Ž‡Ǥ–—†‡–•‹ †ƒ›•ƒ˜‹‰•—‰‰‡•–‹‘•ƒ„‘—– ȗ    ƒ••‹•–ƒ ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”• ‘ˆ –Š‡  Deliberations    Jury  Deliberation      ͺ͸ͳ   Reasoning  Community    Reasoning  Actual    

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and  Deliberations   for  General Public    of of    Representative Jury    Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Jurors to      Norms      Representation Representation   Ǥ  Interviews Mock   Out            Review    from from ȋ   Troubles   Nullification Obstacles   Requirement Requirement  ͳ    Law  The Data The Jury Substantive Screening Descriptive Two The Data Constructing            Kent  Ǧ   D. C. C. B. B. B. B. A. A. A. A.  • ‹– ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ‘ˆˆ‡” ƒ ‘Š‡”‡– ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ—”›                        Ǥ   Ǥ     Ǥ Ǥ –Šƒ–„‘–Šƒ —”ƒ–‡Ž›†‡• ”‹„‡•Œ—”›–”‹ƒŽ•ƒ•™‡ —””‡–Ž›’”ƒ ƒ†–Šƒ–ƒŽ•‘‘ˆˆ‡”•–Š‡„‡•–Œ—•–‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘”–Š‘•‡’”ƒ –‹ ‡• –Š‡›ƒ››‡–„‡’‡”ˆ‡ –‡†ǫ ‹˜‡–Š‡Œ—”›ǯ•Ž‘‰Š‹•–‘”›ǡ‹–ƒ –Š‡”‡‹•‘‘‡†‹•–‹ ––Š‡‘”›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ǡ‘Ž›ƒ›ƒ ‹†‡– –‹‘•‘ˆ†‡–ƒ‹Ž‘˜‡”–‹‡Ǥ ‘™ƒ†™Š›†‹†–Š‡‰Ž‹•ŠŒ—”›ƒ””     ȗ”‘ˆ‡••‘”‘ˆƒ™ƒ† ‘˜‡”‡–ǡ ‡ŽŽ‘™‘ˆ–Š‡ ”ƒǤ”™‹ ‡–ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡šƒ•ƒ–—•–‹Ǥ –Šƒ› ‘ŽŽ‡ƒ‰—‡•ǡ”‘ Chicago ƒ ‘„•‘Šǡƒ˜‹†ƒ„„ƒǡƒ†ƒ–”‹ ‘‘ŽŽ‡›ǡˆ‘”Š‡Ž’ˆ—Ž•—‰‰‡ ›Œ—”›•‡‹ƒ”ƒ––Š‡‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡šƒ• Š‘‘Ž‘ˆƒ™‘ˆˆ‡”‡ ƒ ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡” †”ƒˆ– ‘ˆ –Š‹• ’ƒ’‡”Ǥ  ”‡ ‡‹˜‡† –Š‡ ˆ‹‡•– ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ

 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 47 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 47 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 47 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ‹Ǧ   The ‡–  –Š‡ †‹† †‡ƒ ”‹– –Š‡› ‰Ǧ ‘‘–•ǡ ͻǣͳͶ •–‹–—Ǧ  ‘—–‡” † ‹˜‹Ž Ž ‘Ǧ ‡”ˆ‡ƒǦ ”ƒ–‹  ‹†‡ –Š‡ ƒ ˜ƒŽ—‡   Proofs: Ž‹ˆ‹‡†Œ—Ǧ ǡ   ‘”‡ǡ–Š‡ of Ž› ‘•–‹–—Ǧ  ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ǡ‹ˆ  ‡ˆˆ”‡›„”ƒ•‘ǡ Judge   ͵   also Ȍȋͳͻ͸͸ȌǤ   to  See ǡ–Š‡ƒˆ‹†•Œ—†‰Ǧ • ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ –Š‡ Dzˆ— –‹‘ Ž–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡ƒ ‹‡– ͷ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡”‹ ƒŒ—”›ǯ•‰”‡ƒ–Ǧ   Witness Ȅ‹ Ž—†‹‰‡†— ƒ–‹‰–Š‘•‡™Š‘ Ǧ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ‹–›‘’‹‹‘ǡƒ†‡ƒ•‹‹Žƒ”†‹•–‹ Ǧ •Ǥ ‹˜‹ ˜‹”–—‡•—’‘™Š‹ Š†‡‘ ”ƒ › –Š‡‘”›Ǥ‡‡ƒŽ•‘’‘†ƒ ƒ˜Ǥ”‡‰‘ǡ ǤʹͲͳȂ͵ͷȋͳͻͺͺȌǤ  Eumenides

ͳͺͳǡ ͳͺ͸Ϋͺ͹ȋͳͻͺͷȌǡˆ‘”ƒ†‹•–‹ –‹‘„‡Ǧ ͹͵ͻǡ͹ͺ͵ȂͺͲ͵ȋʹͲͳͶȌǤ Neighbor  REVIEW   Ǥ  ͳ Š›†‘ǯ–Œ—”‘”•Šƒ˜‡–‘’”‘˜‹  ͳȂͳͶȋͳͺͷʹȌǤ     LAW    From Ǥ Ǥ   ’’Ǥͺͺ͹ǦͻͲƒ†‘–‡͵Ǥ Ǥ   

    KENT Ǧ   infra Ƭ  Ǥ ǡ͵ʹ         ‡• Š›Ž—•ǯ ͸ Juror   CHICAGO  ͷͷ    ǡ Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Civil   

 ǡ   ‘Š ƒ”•ŠƒŽŽ ‹–‹ ǡ   Revisited,   English       the ‘–‡•͹ȂͺǤ  

ȋ  of  ͳ  Diversity generally Š‡‰Ž‹•ŠŒ—”›ǡ‹–—”ǡ‡˜‘Ž˜‡†‹–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž›‹††Ž‡‰‡•ǡ  infra   Ͷ   ʹ͹Ͷȋ ǤǤƒ›‡”‡†Ǥǡ ‡‘”‰‡ƒ™”‡ ‡–”ƒ•Ǥǡ Š‘”‘‘•ͳͻ͸ͻ See See    Order —ˆˆ‹ ‡‹––‘•ƒ›–Šƒ–‹•‘ˆƒ”ƒ•™‡ Š‡”‹•Š–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•ƒ‹ Ǧ  ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ƒ”‡‘†‘—„– ‘•–‹–—–‹˜‡‘ˆ Š‡Œ—”›™Š‘•‡’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ–Š‡‘”› •‡‡‹•–Š‡ ‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›‡” ‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ–Š‡‡”‹ ƒŒ—”›–”ƒ ‡•‹–•‘”‹‰‹•„ƒ –‘–Š‡ ʹ    Transformation Œ—”›ǡƒ•™‡Šƒ˜‡‹Š‡”‹–‡†‹–ǡ‹–Š‡•‡•‡–Šƒ––Š‡›‰‘–‘–Š‡ ‡••‡ ‡ǡ‘”–Š‡ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ’—”’‘•‡••‡”˜‡†„›Œ—”›–”‹ƒŽ•Ǥ–Š –—”‡••‡‡‡”‡Ž›†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡Ȅ•–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡•˜ƒŽ—‡†‘Ž›•‘Ž‘‰ƒ• •‡”˜‡–Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽˆ— –‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ǤŠ‡’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ–Š‡‘”›‘ –Š‡”‡‹•‹†‡‡†ƒ†‹•–‹ ––Š‡‘”›ǡ•‡‡•–‘‹•‘Žƒ–‡™Šƒ–‹•–”— –‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›Ȅ™Šƒ–‹•‹–•˜‡”›‡”˜‡Ȅˆ”‘™Šƒ–‹•‡”‡Ž›‹–• •‹ǡ–Š‡”‡–‘’”‘–‡ –‹–•˜‹–ƒŽ™‘”‹‰•Ǥ –‹‘ ˆ‘” ’”‘–‡ –‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ —•‡† ˆ”‘ •–ƒ–‡ ‘’’”‡••‹‘ǡ –Š‹•‘”‡ Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ–•–ƒ‡‹ ”‹‹ƒŽ”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ ‹˜‹Ž–”‹ƒŽ•Ǥ ‹• Second –Š‡‹ƒ Œ—”› ƒ† –Š‡ ‰Ž‘Ǧ‡”‹ ƒ Œ—”› •Šƒ”‡ ‘ Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ–Š‡›„‘–Šƒ”‘•‡ƒ––Šƒ–‘‡–™Š‡Œ—•–‹ ‡Ž‘•–‹–•†‹˜‹‡™ƒ” ” –Š‡‹””‡•’‡ –‹˜‡ —Ž–—”‡•Ǥ  ͵Ǥ  –‹•™‘”–Š‘–‹‰ǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Šƒ–Ž‡š‹•†‡‘ “—‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ǡ‘ ‡•–ƒ†‹”‡”•ǡ–Š‘—‰Š––Šƒ–ƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡˜ƒŽ—‡•Œ—”›–”‹ƒŽ••‡”˜‡ •‡”˜‡ƒ†‹•–‹ŽŽ‹‰‹ ‹–‹œ‡•–Š‡’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‘”›Šƒ„‹–•ƒ† †‡’‡†•Ȅ™‡”‡•‡”˜‡†‡“—ƒŽŽ›™‡ŽŽǡ‹ˆ‘–„‡––‡”ǡ„› ‹˜‹ŽŒ—”‹‡ ͸Ǥ ͷǤ  ’—„Ž‹  •–ƒ–‡‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰ „‡Š‹† –Š‡‹” ˜‡”†‹ –•ǫ Š›Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–•–Š‡”‹‰Š––‘•–”‹‡ƒ ‡”–ƒ‹ƒ‘—–‘ˆ‘–Š‡”™‹•‡“—ƒ ’‡ ”‘”•ˆ‘”‘”‡ƒ•‘ƒ–ƒŽŽǫ   ͳǤ ‡‡ ͺ͸ʹ –Š‡—„‡”–™‡Ž˜‡ˆ‘”‹–••‹œ‡ǫŠ›•‡Ž‡ –Œ—”‘”•ˆ”‘–Š‡Ž‘ ƒ —‹–›”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ”‡Ž›‹‰‘†‹•–ƒ ‡–‘‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡„‹ƒ•ǫŠ‡”‡ –Š‡—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ – ‘‡ˆ”‘ǫ ‹†‡’‡†‡– ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡” ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ ”‡‡™‘”Ž†ƒ†‹–Š‡ ƒ†‹ƒ˜‹ƒ–‡””‹–‘”‹‡•Ǥ –Š‡ Œ—”› ‹ –Š‡ ƒ ‹ ͶǤ ͶͲ͸ǤǤͶͲͶǡͶͳͲΫͳͳȋͳͻ͹ʹȌǡ™Š‡”‡ —•–‹ ‡Š‹–‡ǡ‹Š‹•’Ž—”ƒŽ –™‡‡™Šƒ–‹• ‘•–‹–—–‹˜‡ƒ†™Šƒ–‹•†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡‹’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ –‹‘‹†‹• —••‹‰™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ –”‡“—‹”‡‡–™ƒ •‡”˜‡†„›–Š‡Œ—”›‹ ‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›•‘ ‹‡–›Ǥdz  ʹǤ  ‘”˜‹‡™•‘–Š‡ ‹˜‹ŽŒ—”›ǡ•‡‡ ƒ ”‹‹ƒŽ Œ—”›Ǥ ‘” –Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡•“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆ™Š‡–Š‡”‘‡’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ–Š‡‘”›—‹–‡•–Š‡ ”‹‹ƒŽƒ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ƒ”–‹ Ž‡ǡ  Ž‡ƒ˜‡ ƒ• Œ—”›Ǥ Ž‹•ŠŒ—”›Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 47 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 47 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 48 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ǡ ‡ ͳ͵  ͷͲ   —•Ž›   „‡Ǧ ƒ ‘™Ǧ ͹ ͻǣͳͶ ”ƒǦ ƒ–‹‰ ‰‘˜Ǧ –•Ǥ  Liberty  ‡–› ‹ Trial,  –‹‘  –Š‡‘”› ‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ of Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ’”‘–‡ – •—Žƒ–‡†   –‘ –Š‡ Jury ‘††‡••‘ˆ ‡ ‘ ‡Ǧ  from ͺ      the ǣ  of Concepts   Rise Two      ǡ    the   ”›–”‹ƒŽ™‘—Ž†™‡ƒ‡ƒ ‘ˆ‰‘˜‡”‡–Ǥ —–‹‘ǯ•”ƒ–‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘Ȑ™ƒ•   ‘‹˜‘Ž˜‡†Ȍ„—–™Š‡–Š‡”‹–  ͺ͸͵ and   ˆ–Š‡ ‘‘•‡•‡Œ—†‰‡–‘ˆƒ     –Š‹•–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ǡ–Š‡Œ—”›  ȋ‘„‡”– ƒ‰Ž‡•–”ƒ•Ǥǡƒ–ƒŽƒ••‹      ͳͲ  Ordeals       ǣ ›–Š‡‘”›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›—•–  Šƒ–‡˜‡”‡Ž•‡–Š‡Œ—”›™ƒ•ǡ‹•ǡ the administration   ͻ DEMOCRACY ͳʹ —––Š‡Œ—”›ƒŽ•‘”‡ˆŽ‡ –•ƒ 

ʹ͹ͺȂ͹ͻ of ˆ‘”ƒŠ‹•–‘”›‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž›‰Ž‹•ŠŒ—”›Ǥ   ͳͳ    JURY     ǡ  OF    Passing ȋͳͻͺͷȌǡ    

 The    in MODELS    ǡ  ‰‘˜‡”‡–Ǥ Ǧ  in ͳʹͲͲΫͳͺͲͲ    ͳʹʹȂ͵Ͳȋͳͻ͸ͻȌǤ FOUR  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ͵ͻͻǤǤ͹ͺǡͳͲͲȋͳͻ͹ͲȌȋDz–Š‡‡••‡–‹ƒŽˆ‡ƒ–—”‡‘ˆƒŒ—”›‘„˜‹‘   

Enchantment:   ͳͳͺǡ  Eumenides   being Of ‘–‡ͳͲǡƒ–ͳ͵ͳȂ͵ʹǤ        The   ͳͻȋ—””ƒ›”›‡†ǤǡͳͻͺͳȌȋ‡’Šƒ•‹•‹‘”‹‰‹ƒŽȌǤ ǡ     ǡ  supra ȋ   ͳͲͻǡͳͳͳǡͳ͹ʹȋʹͲͲͲȌǤ ǡ  Ǥ ͳ                Ǥ  Ǥ        Š‡ ‡”‹ ƒ ”‹‹ƒŽ Œ—”› ‹• ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ” ‡‘—‰Š ƒ• ƒ ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ‘ˆ     –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ„—Ž™ƒ”‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•ȋƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Šƒ–™ƒ•ƒŽ• ™‘—Ž†ˆƒ–ƒŽŽ›™‡ƒ‡–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡‹–Š‡ ȏȐŠ‡“—‡•–‹‘ȏˆ‘”–Š‡–‹ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ‹•–‘’’‘‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–‹– ‘–ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽŽ›™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡Žƒ ‘ˆƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡’”‘˜‹•‹‘ˆ‘”Œ—  

   in Ž‹‡•‹–Š‡‹–‡”’‘•‹–‹‘„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ƒ —•‡†ƒ†Š‹•ƒ —•‡”‘ ‰”‘—’‘ˆŽƒ›‡ǤǤǤǤdzȌǤ  ͳʹǤ  ‡”„‡”– Ǥ–‘”‹‰•–ƒ–‡†ǣ ƒ† ™‹ŽŽ „‡ǡ ‹– ‹• ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‡š’”‡••‡• –Š‡ Š—ƒ ˆ”ƒ‰ Œ—•–‹ ‡Ǥ  –Š‡ ƒ„•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ƒ›—„‡”•”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ‹‘‡’‡”•‘Ǣ‹ ‘•‡•—•ƒ††‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ †‹˜‹‡ ‰—‹†‡ǡ –Š‡ Œ—”› •‡‡• •ƒˆ –Š‡”–Šƒ˜‘–‹‰ƒ†‘—–˜‘–‹‰Ǣƒ†‹‹†‡’‡†‡––”‹„—ƒŽ•‹ ˆ”‘–Š‡•–ƒ–‡’Žƒ›‹‰ ‘†Ǥ –Š‡Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ǯ•ˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆ•–ƒ–‡–›”ƒ›Ǥ  ͳͳǤ ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ•˜Ǥ Ž‘”‹†ƒǡ

   ͳͻͺʹȌȋͳͻ͸͸ȌǤ  ͺǤ ”‹•ŠƒŽ•‘ǡ  ͳͲǤ  ‘”ƒ Žƒ••‹ •–ƒ–‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ǡ•‡‡ •‡”˜‡•–Š‡ ƒ—•‡‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ‹„‡”–›’”‡ ‹•‡Ž›„›Ž‹‹–‹‰–Š –”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’‘™‡”‹•–ƒ–‡Šƒ†•Ȅ„›’Žƒ ‹‰ƒ‹†‡’‡†‡–„‘†› –™‡‡ –Š‡ •–ƒ–‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ —•‡†Ǥ  ͹Ǥ ʹͲͳͷȐ ‡–‹ƒ—”†‡”–”‹ƒŽ–‘„‡„‡›‘†–Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–‹‡•‡˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡‰ ™‹•†‘ Š‡”•‡Žˆ ƒ† †‡Ž‡‰ƒ–‡• Š‡” ’‘™‡”• Š‡ ‡ˆ‘”–Š –‘ Œ—”‹‡•Ǥ ˜ƒ —— ”‡ƒ–‡†ǡ–Š‡‰Ž‹•ŠŒ—”›‰”‡™Ǥ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘Ȅ™Šƒ– •ƒ‹ƒŠ ‡”Ž‹Ž‹„‡”–›dz ˆƒ‘—•Ž› ™‡ ƒŽŽ‡† ‰‡– „› –Š‡ Ž‹‹–‹‰ Dz‡‰ƒ–‹˜ ‰‘˜‡”‡–Ȅƒ† –‘˜‹‡™‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘Ȅ–Š‡Dz’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ž‹„‡”–›dz–Šƒ– ‘‡•ˆ”‘’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ –Š‡ ‹˜‹  ”‡’—„Ž‹ ™‹–Š ‘–Š‡”• ‹ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡ •‡ŽˆǦ‰‘˜‡”‡– ƒ† ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡ Œ—†‰‡ ƒ ‘—–ˆ‘”–Š‡™ƒ›‹™Š‹ Š–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘‹•‹†‡„–‡†–‘–Š‡  ͻǤ ‡‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›  ͳ͵Ǥ  ‘™ ƒ™‡ƒ ‘—–ˆ‘”ƒ‹•–‹–—–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•†‡•‹‰‡†„‘–Š–‘ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ˆ”‘‰‘˜‡”‡–’‘™‡”ƒ†›‡–‡š’‘•‡•–Š‡–‘–Š‡’ ‡”‘ˆ’‘’—Žƒ”‰‘˜‡”‡–ǫŠ‹•‹•–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–›•–‡”›„‡Š‹†–Š‡   ͳʹͳͷǡƒ––Š‡ ‘—”–Šƒ–‡”ƒ‘— ‹Žǡ–Š‡Š—” Š™‹–Š†”‡™‹–••ƒ ˆ”‘ –”‹ƒŽ „› ‘”†‡ƒŽ ƒ• ƒ ’”‘ ‡†—”‡ ˆ‘” †‹˜‹‹‰ ‘†ǯ• ™‹ŽŽǤ ‘’ƒ‹‘–”ƒ†‹–‹‘™Š‡”‡™‡ˆ”‡‡‘—”•‡Ž˜‡•‘–•‘— Š ‡”‡– „—– „›  36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 48 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 48 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 48 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37    ǡ Ǥ Ǧ in         Politi ƒ›  ͻǣͳͶ –‹–•‡Žˆǡ Ǥ  Place ”Ǣ –Š‡    as  ƒ–‹‘Ǣ  A ƒ†•‘ˆ • –‘ ‡ ƒ• Ž—‡• ‘Ǧ †‡’‡†Ǧ ‡ǣ –”—–ŠǢ ‘ˆ’‘™Ǧ      –Š‡Œ—”›‘ˆ ”‡‡†‘ǡ‹ ‡‘—•Ž›ƒŽŽ ‹œ‡•–‘„‡ ͵ʹͲȋ ‡”„‡”– Ǥ  ˆˆ‘”†• ‘”†‹ƒ”›   –‹ ‹’ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡ Service    ͵ͳͷǡ ǡ ʹͲ  See

Jury ‘Ž‹––Ž‡‹–‡”‡•–‹–Š‡   Šƒ–™‡‡‡†ƒ  ǣ Circuit ͳͶ –’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ–Š‡‘”›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›   ͹Ͷ ȋ”‡˜Ǥ ‡†Ǥ ͳͻͻͻȌ ȋ–”—–ŠȌǢ ›‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ•—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ƒ”‡‘ˆŽ‹––Ž‡Š‡Ž’ǡ•‹ ‡–Š‡›   

    ƒ‡–Š‹•ƒ”‰—‡–’ƒ”–Ž›‘ ǡ Ǧ Fifth ȌǢ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥƒ”‡”ǡͳͻ Ǥ  –Š‡‡™•–ƒ–‡ƒ†ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ‰‘˜Ǧ —–‡Ž›•‹ŽŽ‡†‹–Š‡Žƒ™•ǡ„—––Š‡› ‰ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡ƒ†ƒ‹‰–Š‡‡“—ƒŽ ƒŽŒ—”‹‡••–‘‘†‘—–ƒ•ƒ„—Ž™ƒ” –ǯ••–”ƒ–‡‰‹ ”‡ƒ•‘•ˆ‘””‡Ž›‹‰‘   ƒ‡š ‡’–‹‘Ǥ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ˆƒ‰‰”‡‰ƒ–‹‰‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ˜‘–‡•ǤŠ‡

 •–‡–™‹–Š‘—”†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ Š‡”‹–ƒ‰‡ǡ •–Š‡ƒ –—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆŒ—•–‹ ‡ǤdzȌǢ‡––‡”•   ǡ the   ‘•–‹–—–‹‘Ǥ ‘” ‘Ž‘‹•–•Šƒ˜‹‰‘  

 ‰‘˜‡”‡–ǤǤǤǤǯdzȌǤ ‡ ”‹‹ƒŽŒ—•–‹ ‡•›•–‡ǤdzȌǢ— ƒ˜Ǥ in  ǡ  ǡ‹”ƒƒ˜‹†ƒ”ǡ REVIEW         e.g.   ʹͲ͵ȋͳͻͻͷȌǢƒ”„ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡ƒ„ ‘ ǡ  ‘–‡ ͵ǡ ƒ– ʹ͹ͳ ǤʹǤ ‘†‘” ‡–ǯ• ˆƒ‘—• Œ—”›    Ǥ LAW  Selection    ǡ  See,     supra Ǥ ǡ ʹ Jury KENT  Ǧ     in    ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ•— ŠƒŽƒ—†”›Ž‹•–†‘‡•‘–„›     ͳ͸ ǡ    See CHICAGO ǡͳͲ͵ Ǥʹ†ͺͷ͹ȋ͵†Ǥ‹”Ǥͳͻ͵ͻȌȋDzȏȐŠ‡Œ—”›ǤǤǤŽ‹‡–Š‡ ‘—”   Foreword: ǡͺͲ    Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  aff’d See  .  Voting      to     ʹʹȂ͵͸ȋ ƒ”˜ƒ”†‹˜Ǥ”‡••ʹͲͲͲȌȋͳͻͻͶȌǤ  ‘–‡ ͵ǡ ƒ– ʹ͹͵ȋDzŠ‡ Œ—”› •›•–‡ ƒ• —†‡”•–‘‘† ‹ ‡”‹ ƒ •‡‡   Akin ǡƒ›Ž‘”˜Ǥ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡͶͳͻǤǤͷʹʹǡͷ͵Ͳȋͳͻ͹ͷȌȋDz‘—‹–›’ƒ” Ǥǡ ‘™‡”• ˜Ǥ Š‹‘ǡ Ͷͻͻ ǤǤ ͶͲͲǡ ͶͲ͹ ȋͳͻͻͳȌ ȋDzȏ —”› •‡”˜‹ ‡Ȑ Ǯƒ ȋ   ͳ ͳͷ e.g e.g. supra   ǡ ȋͳͺʹͳȌǤ‘ “—‡˜‹ŽŽ‡‹•ƒ‘–Š‡”‡š ‡’–‹‘ǡ–Š‘—‰ŠŠ‡ ‘ˆ‡••‡†–   See, See,  ‘™ †‘‡• ’‘’—Žƒ” ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‹ Œ—•–‹ ‡ ‘–”‹„—–‡ –‘ –Š‡   ͳ͹  Š‡ ‘’‹‘—• Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡ ‘ –Š‡ ‡”‹ ƒ ”‹‹ƒŽ Œ—”› ‡”–ƒ‹Ž›      ͸Ȃͷʹ  Participation        cal ‹• ƒ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ ‘ˆ Œ—•–‹ ‡ǤdzȌǢ ‹–•‡Žˆƒ‡ƒ–Š‡‘”›•‹ ‡‹–‹•‘–ƒ’’ƒ”‡–Š‘™–Š‡Ž‹•–‡†˜ƒŠ‡”‡Ǥ –Š‡Œ—”›–‘’”‘–‡ ––Š‡ ‘–‹—‡†–‘ƒ’’Ž›‘ ‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–—”‡•‹ –Š‡‘”‡‹•‘–ƒ„‘—–ƒ –—ƒŽŒ—”‹‡••‘— Šƒ•‹–‹•ƒ†‡ˆ‡•‡‘ Œ—”›†‹† ‘‡–‘–Š‡ˆ‘”‡†—”‹‰”ƒ–‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘†‡„ƒ–‡•‘˜‡”–Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡–ǡ –Š‡‹” ‡Ž‹‰‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘ƒ‰ƒ‹•––›”ƒ›Ǥ –‹•‘–‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›ƒ’’ƒ”‡–Š‘™–Š‡ ‘Ž‘‹• •‡”˜‡ ‘ Ž‘ ‡”‡–• „‡ ƒ‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡Ǥ –Š‡•‡•‡‘ˆ’”‘–‡ –‹‰‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡–›”ƒ‹‡• ‡”ǡ ‹• „‡•– ƒ ‘’Ž‹•Š‡† –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘‘–Š‡”‹•–‹–—–‹‘‘ˆ•–ƒ†‹‰‰‘˜‡”‡–ȌŽ‡ƒ˜‡•’‘™‡”‹–Š‡Š –Šƒ– ȋ‘”‡ –Šƒ –Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ ƒ•™‡”–‘ǡƒ„‘˜‡ƒŽŽ‡Ž•‡ǡ‹•™Š›ȋ‘”™Š‡–Š‡”Ȍ–Š‡’”‘Œ‡ –‘ˆˆ †‹”‡ –ƒ†‡š–”‡‡ƒ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‘‰ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡•‘˜‡”‡‹‰– •—ˆˆ”ƒ‰‡ǤdzȌǢ ”˜‹‰ Ǥ ƒ—ˆƒǡ      ͳͶǤ  ͺ͸Ͷ –Š‡Œ—”›•‡‡•†‡•‹‰‡†–‘Ž‹˜‡‘—–ǣ–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘‹••‹—Ž–ƒ ƒ„‘—––Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽǡ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‘”›ǡ‘”†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ ‹– Œ—”‘”•ǡƒ†›‡–ƒŽŽƒ„‘—––Š‡”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ —•‡†–‘ˆ‹†‹ –Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡–Š‡„‡•–’”‘–‡ –‹‘ƒ‰ƒ‹•–‘’’”‡••‹‘Ǥ ’ƒ‹†ˆŽ‡‡–‹‰ƒ––‡–‹‘–‘–Š‡Œ—”›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‡”‡›‡–Šƒ‹• ͳͷǤ Š‡ Žƒ••‹ ƒŽ ‰Ž‹•Š ƒ† ‡”‹ ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‡”• ‹–‹œ‡•ƒ˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡‘’’‘”–—‹–›–‘’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‡‹ƒ’”‘ ‡••‘ˆ Œ—”› ƒ• ƒ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘  ͳ͸Ǥ  –‘”‹‰Ƭ—””ƒ›”›‡†•ǤǡͳͻͺͳȌȋDzȏ —”‹‡•Ȑƒ”‡‘–ƒŽ™ƒ›•‹ Šƒ˜‡ƒ ‘‘•‡•‡‹‹–•’—”‹–›ǤǤǤǤdzȌǤ  ƒ„‡ˆƒ•Š‹‘‡†„›ƒƒŽ‘‰‹œ‹‰–Š‡Œ—”›ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡–‘–Š‡˜‘–‹ ͳ͹Ǥ ‡˜‡”ƒŽ”‡ ‡– ‘‡–ƒ–‘”•Šƒ˜‡•—‰‰‡•–‡†–Šƒ–ƒ ‘Š‡”‡‡ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡‡–‘ˆ ‹–‹œ‡•‘Œ—”‹‡•–Š‡’ƒ”ƒ‘—–˜ƒŽ—‡ǤŠ‡› ’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒŽƒ—†”›Ž‹•–‘ˆ˜ƒŽ—‡•–Šƒ–Œ—”›–”‹ƒŽ•‹†‡ƒŽŽ›•‡”˜ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›Ǣ†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǣ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‹‘Ǣ ‘‘•‡•‡Ǣ ‹˜‹ ‡†— Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ ›Ǣ ’”‘–‡ –‹‘ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ‘’’”‡••‹‘ǡ ‘””—’–‹‘ǡ ƒ† ‡””‘ ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡‘ˆŒ—•–‹ ‡Ǣ’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ‹†‡ ‡‹Œ—•–‹ ‡Ǣƒ†–Š‡‹ ‡ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—†‹ ‹ƒŽ„”ƒ ŠǤ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‹‹ƒŽŽƒ™ǡ‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ‹•‘–‘Ž› ‘•‹ „—–‹•ƒŽ•‘ ”‹–‹ ƒŽ–‘’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ‹†‡ ‡‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹”‡••‘ˆ–Š ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡ͵ͻͳǤǤͳͶͷǡͳͷ͸ȋͳͻ͸ͺȌȋ•ƒˆ‡‰—ƒ”†ƒ‰ƒ‹•–‘’’”‡••‹‘ —’’ǤͶͷͲǡͶͷͺȋǤǤ Ǥͳͻ͵͹Ȍǡ Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ‰”‘—†•ǡ„—–ƒŽ•‘‘‘”ƒ–‹˜‡‘‡•Ǥ ͵Ͷ͹ȋͳͻ͸ͻȌȋDzȏŠ‡Ȑƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡‘ˆŒ—•–‹ ‡ǤǤǤ‹•ƒ•‹’‘”–ƒ–ƒ ˆ”‘–Š‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ ƒ”‡”ȋ ƒǤͳͺǡͳ͹ͺͺȌǡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 48 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 48 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 49 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ  ƒŽ  the Re Ž‡Ǧ  ‹–› in •‹•–• ͻǣͳͶ —‡ǡ  Ž‹•–• ‰‡Ǧ   demo Discrimi ‡˜‡”‹–  †‹ˆˆ‡”Ǧ Šƒ–‡šǦ •‡š‘ˆƒ Ž‡– ‹‡ ‘‡ƒǦ •–‹‘™‡ –Šƒ–”‡’Ǧ Š‡–”—–Šǫ ǤǤǡͷͳͳǤǤ Race  •–‘• ”‡‡ rel.  ex Ending Enfranchisement  and  •‡ƒŽƒ™ˆ—Ž’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽǦ Ǥ͹ʹͷǡ͹Ͷ͸ȋͳͻͻʹȌǤŽ•‡™Š‡”‡ǡ   ͺ͸ͷ ‘ˆ”‡•–‘”‹‰–Š‡’‘™‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‡–†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘”Œ—•–‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ ƒ › –‘ ”‡•–”‹ – –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ’‡”Ǧ  –‹ƒŽŒ—•–‹ ‡™‹–Š–Š‡‡ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡Ǧ Ǥͳͳʹͻȋͳͻͻ͵ȌǢ‹ Šƒ”†Ǥ‡ǡ Š‡”ȌǤ    Ǥ –Š‡ ”‹‹ƒŽŒ—”›—•–„‡™Š‡–Š‡”‹–   Ǥ  ǤǤǤ˜ǤŽƒ„ƒƒ  Ǥ  Ǥ See    Representation DEMOCRACY     ‘–‡ ͳͷǡ ƒ– ͷ͹ȂͻͷǤ —–  †‘ ‘– „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Š‡ ͻʹ  —–™Šƒ–‹•‹––Šƒ–™‡ƒ”‡ƒˆ–‡”„› JURY  Equal ǡ͸ͳǤ supra ͳͻ  ǡ OF  †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–˜‹‡™•Ȅ‹ˆ™‡”‡’”‡•‡– Anyway?  Service  It,   Is  MODELS  Jury  Ǥ Ǥͳͷ͸ͺȋʹͲͲ͹ȌǢƒ”„ƒ”ƒǤ†‡”™‘‘†ǡ Requirement:  and Right    FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Ǣ ˆ‘” ‡“—ƒŽ ’”‘–‡ –‹‘ ’—”’‘•‡•ǡ ƒŽŽ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ƒ”‡  Section substantively Rights    Whose   ǡͳͳ͸   Jury Cross   ƒ”– ȋȌǤ   ȋ  ͳ Women’s  Fair Selection:   infra ‹–Š‡‹” ƒ’ƒ ‹–›–‘•‡”˜‡ǡ”‡‰ƒ”†Ž‡••‘ˆ–Š‡‹”†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹   irrelevant  †™Šƒ–ƒ„‘—––Š‡ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‡•‹‘„‡–™‡‡ƒš‹‹œ‹‰ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•Ȅƒ•‹ˆƒŽŽ‘”‘•–‡„‡”•‘ˆƒ”ƒ ‹ƒŽ‘”‰‡†‡” the Criminal  Jury See   ͳͺ  in  ‘•‹†‡” ƒŽ•‘ –Š‡ –‡•‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‘—”–‡‡–Š ‡†‡–ǯ• Š‡•‡ƒ”‡‘–‡”‡ƒ” Šƒ‹”’—œœŽ‡•Ǥ‰”‡ƒ–†‡ƒŽ‘ˆ’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ  same  Palladium:  American –Š‡ graphic ‰”‘—’•Šƒ”‡•—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡˜‹‡™’‘‹–•ǫ ˆ–Šƒ–‹•–Š‡ ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡™ ƒ –Ž›†‘™‡‡ƒ„›Dz‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›dzǫ “—ƒŽ ”‘–‡ –‹‘ Žƒ—•‡ ƒ† –Š‡”‡“—‹”‡‡–ǤŠ‡“—ƒŽ”‘–‡ –‹‘Žƒ—•‡‘”‡‘ˆ–‡–Šƒ‘–‹ ‹š–Š ‡†‡–ǯ• ”‘••Ǧ•‡ –‹‘ ‘ƒ”ƒ ‡ƒ†‰‡†‡”„Ž‹†ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š–Šƒ–†‹•‹••‡•–Š‡”ƒ ‡‘” Œ—”‘” ƒ• ‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•„›†‡ˆ‡•‡ ‘—•‡Žƒ‰ƒ‹•–‘‡•‡š‘”–Š‡‘–  ͳͻǤ  ͳʹ͹ǡ ͳͷͲȂͷͳ ȋͳͻͻͶȌ ȋǯ‘‘”ǡ Ǥǡ ‘ —””‹‰Ȍ ȋ‡š’”‡••‹‰ Š‡•‹– ‡–ƒ†’‡”Šƒ’• ‘’‡–‹‰ ‘ ‡’–‹‘•‘ˆŒ—•–‹ ‡ǫŠ‘—Ž†™‡ƒ•• ‹•‘‡‡••‡–‹ƒŽ‹•–™ƒ›ǡ–Šƒ–™‡‰‡–™Šƒ–™‡™ƒ–‘Œ—”‹‡•Ȅ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ‰ƒŽ ”‡ˆ‘” ‹ –Š‡ ‹–‡† –ƒ–‡• ‹• †‹”‡ –‡† –‘™ƒ”†•”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ ƒ‹‰ Œ—”› –”—‡˜‡”†‹ –•˜‡”•—•–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”•ƒ›‹‰–Šƒ–‹–‹•Dz„‡––‡”–‘ ‰—‹Ž–›’‡”•‘•‰‘–Šƒ–‘ ‘˜‹ –‘‡‹‘ ‡–’‡”•‘dzǫ Justifying  the ʹͲͳͷȐ –”—–Šǫ •–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘‘”ƒŽ‡‰ƒŽ‘‡Ȅƒ“—‡‹‰Š–Šƒ˜‡–‘ƒ•™‡”‹ˆ‹––—”•‘—––Šƒ––Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆŽ‹–‹‰ƒ– Œ—”‘”•ƒ†–Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆŒ—”‘”•–‘•‡”˜‡ ‘‡‹–‘ ‘ˆŽ‹ –™‹–Š ‘–Š‡”Ǥ ‡ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡‡– ‘ ‡’–‹‘ǡ•–ƒ†‹‰ƒŽ‘‡ǡ ƒ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ƒ ‘Š‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•™‡’”ƒ –‹ ‡‹––‘†ƒ›ǤŠ‡–‡•–‘ˆƒ›–Š‡‘”›‘ˆ Ž‡‰‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•–ƒ‘–Š‡”™‹•‡“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡†’”‘•’‡ –‹˜‡Œ—”‘”Ǥ ’‡”•—ƒ•‹˜‡Ž›Ž‹•‘”„Ž‡†•–Š‡”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ —•‡†–‘‹’ƒ” ‡–‘ˆ‘”†‹ƒ”› ‹–‹œ‡•ƒ•Œ—”‘”•Ǥ  ͳͺǤ — Š ƒ ‘ˆŽ‹ – ƒ”‰—ƒ„Ž› ‘ —”• ™Š‡‡˜‡” Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–• ‡š‡” ‹ Šƒ˜‡™”‹––‡•›’ƒ–Š‡–‹ ƒŽŽ›–‘–Š‹•˜‹‡™ƒ†–‘–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ ‡ Œ—”› ƒ• ƒ ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‘”› ‹•–‹–—–‹‘Ǥ  ”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡Œ—”‹‡•ƒ”‡„‡––‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‘„‡‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ•‡‡‡”•‘ˆ– ”‹•‹–‡”‡Ž›ȋ‘”‹’‘”–ƒ–Ž›ǡƒ•–Š‡ ƒ•‡ƒ›„‡Ȍ–Šƒ– ‘— ‰”‘—’•ƒ”‡‘”‡Ž‹‡Ž›–‘ƒ ‡’––Š‡˜‡”†‹ –ƒ•Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‡Ȅ™Šƒ– ‹•Ȅ™Š‡‹–•‘™‡„‡”•Šƒ˜‡ƒ•ƒ›‹–Š‡”‡•—Ž–ǫ‘”ƒ ‹ƒŽƒ† †‡”‰”‘—’•‡‡†Dz”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•dz‘–Š‡Œ—”›–‘•’‡ƒ–‘–Š‡‹” ”‡ ”—‹–‹‰Œ—”‘”•ˆ”‘ƒ ”‘•••‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ǫ •‹– nation 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 49 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 49 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 49 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37  Ǧ A     ‹

‡•   ‹˜‡ ˜‡”Ǧ Ǧ ͻǣͳͶ –—ƒŽ ‘Ǧ ƒ–‹Ǧ  ȋ‹–ƒ‹ •‘—” ‡• ’—Ž‹•– •‡•ǡ‹ˆ ‹‡–Ž› ‡˜‡”   ‹‰ –‘ ‡‘ Ǧ ‘™‹•‡ ‰‡–Š‡” “—ƒŽ‹Ǧ Š‡†‰‡ ƒ–‹˜‡•dz –ƒ”–„› ‘‰”ƒǦ ˆƒ –—ƒŽ ʹͶͻ ȋƒ” See   ƒŽ‹’‡†Ǧ    Understood:  ͳͷȂʹͳ  ‡ƒ”ƒ„Ž›  ͳ  in  ›dz–‘†‡• ”‹„‡™Šƒ– —”’‘•‡ˆ—Ž†‹• ”‹‹ƒǦ ͳͻͳ͸Ǧͳͻ͵ͷ Properly  ‡–˜‹–ƒ‰‡Ǥ   ƒ† ‘ ‡’–—ƒŽ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•   Ǥ ǡ ‡‘”‰‡ ƒ–‡„ǡ ––‘‰‘–‘ ‡ŽŽ ™‹ŽŽŠ‡Ž’–Š‡Ǥ ȋƒ”ǤͶǡͳͻʹͲȌǡ  ǯ•”ƒ ‡‹•ƒ˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡“—ƒŽ Community e.g.  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵       ”‹–ƒ›„‡–Šƒ–†‡‘ ”ƒǦ Laski

See,  ʹ͵ J.  REVIEW     Harold LAW      to 

ǡ‘„‡”–Ǥ‡ŽŽƒŠǡ KENT ‹ Ǧ ’ ǡ e.g.  Holmes   

 Ǥ See,   CHICAGO ȋǤ Ǥ–ƒŽŽ‡›‡†Ǥǡ”‡•–ƒ”‡”–”ƒ•ǤǡͳͻͻͷȌǤ  Wendell  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ͳͲͺ   Oliver   —––Š‡ ”‘••Ǧ•‡ –‹‘ƒŽ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•—‰‰‡•–•–Šƒ–”ƒ ‡ Communitarianism      ʹͲ  ǡ from   ȋ  ǡͶͳͻǤǤƒ–ͷ͵ͲǤ ͳ     ‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‹††Ž‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡”‹ ƒŒ—”›‹•–Šƒ–‹–Šƒ•ƒˆ‘‘– ‘ŽŽƒ†˜Ǥ ŽŽ‹‘‹•ǡͶͻ͵ǤǤͶ͹ͶǡͶ͹ͺȂ͹ͻȋͳͻͻͲȌȋ‘–‹‰–Šƒ–’  –‹•†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––‘”‡ƒ†–Š‡ ƒ•‡•‘Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘™‹–Š‘—–  Letter ʹͶ    ‘Democratic ʹͳ ‘–‡•͹ͲȂ͹͵Ǥ‘‡™”‹–‡”•—•‡–Š‡–‡”Dz ‘—‹–ƒ”‹ƒ†‡‘ ”ƒ  See Taylor Š‡–Š‡‘”‹‡•†‹˜‡”‰‡‘–Š‡ˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹••—‡‘ˆ™Šƒ–Œ—•–‹ˆ‹ ͺͺȂͳͲͳȋͳͻ͸͵ȌǤŠ‡–‡”Dz†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›dz‹•‘ˆ‘”‡”‡ of  ǣ   ʹʹ  ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ–Š‡‘”›ǡ•‡˜‡”ƒŽ‹†‡ƒŽ•‘”‘†‡Ž•ˆ‘”†‡‘ ”ƒ › ‘ infra    Defense ‹–‡† ”‡ˆ‡”–‘ƒ•†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ ›‹•ƒ‘”ƒŽŽ›•—’‡”‹‘”ˆ‘”‘ˆ‰‘˜‡”‡–•‹ ‡–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡–‘ ’‘••‡••ƒ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡™‹•†‘–Šƒ––Š‡‘‡‘”–Š‡ˆ‡™”—Ž‡”• ƒƒ Š‹‡˜‡Ǥ †‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ –ƒ›„‡–Šƒ–†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Šƒ•‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‘‡ –‹‘– ”—Ž‡„—–‹••‹’Ž›ƒ’”‘ ‡†—”‡ˆ‘”•‡––‹‰’—„Ž‹ ’‘Ž‹ ›ƒ ‘”† ’—„Ž‹ ‘’‹‹‘™Šƒ–‡˜‡”–Š‡‘’‹‹‘•ƒ”‡Ǥ     ʹͲǤ  ͺ͸͸ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •Ǥ –‹‘ƒ‰ƒ‹•–ƒ’”‘•’‡ –‹˜‡Œ—”‘”•‘Ž‡Ž›‘ƒ ‘—–‘ˆ–Š‡’‡”•‘ ”‘–‡ –‹‘Žƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—”–‡‡–Š‡†‡–ȌǤ  ʹͳǤ  ‡‘Žˆ‡ ‘™‡‡†Ǥǡͳͻͷ͵ȌǤ  ʹͶǤ  –ǯ•›Œ‘„Ǥdz –œ‹‘‹‡†ǤǡͳͻͻͺȌǤ  ʹ͵Ǥ Dz ƒŽ™ƒ›••ƒ›ǡƒ•›‘—‘™ǡ–Šƒ–‹ˆ›ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™ ‹–‹œ‡•™ƒ ƒ† ‘–Š‡” †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡• ƒ––‡” ”— ‹ƒŽŽ› ‡‘—‰Š –‘ Œ—”› †‹ –•–Šƒ–™‡•Š‘—Ž†•‡‡–‘„ƒŽƒ ‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•ƒ Š‘”‡†–‘†‡ ’Š›Ǥ‘Œ—”›‹••ƒ‹†–‘„‡‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽǡˆ‘”‹š–Š‡†‡–’—”’‘ •‡Ž‡ –‡†‹™ƒ›•–Šƒ–ƒ›„‡”ƒ ‡Ǧ‡—–”ƒŽ„—–‘‡–Š‡Ž‡•••›•–‡ ƒŽŽ›ƒ†”‡’‡ƒ–‡†Ž›—†‡””‡’”‡•‡–”‡ ‘‰‹œƒ„Ž‡‰”‘—’•‹–Š‡ —‹–›Ǥ ’‡–‡ǤŠ‡ ‘–‡†‹‰–Š‡‘”‹‡•ƒ”‡‘–‡ ‡••ƒ”‹Ž›†‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡‘ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ’”ƒ –‹ ‡• •‘ — Š ƒ• –Š‡› ƒ”‡•–ƒ–‡‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•™‡•‡‡–‘’”ƒ –‹ ‡Ǥ‡ƒ› ‘˜‡ ƒ•’‹”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘” ‘”ƒ– ”‡ˆ‡”–‘–Š‡‘•– ‘‘‘ˆ–Š‡•‡–Š‡‘”‹‡•ƒ•ǣȋͳȌ†‹”‡ –‘”’‘†‡‘ ”ƒ ›ǢȋʹȌ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǣƒ†ȋ͵Ȍ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡† ”ƒ ›Ǥ ‘‹‰ƒ™ƒ›™‹–Šƒ‘—–‹‰•‡•‡‘ˆˆ”—•–”ƒ–‹‘ƒ––Š‡‹–‡ŽŽ‡ ‹ ‘Š‡”‡ ‡‘ˆ‘—” —””‡–†‘ –”‹‡•ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ––Š‡’”ƒ –‹ ‹‡–•–Šƒ–‡‡’Œ—”›Ž‹•–•ǡ’‘‘Ž•ǡ˜‡‹”‡•ǡƒ†–”‹ƒŽŒ—”‹‡•” —”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡Ǥ ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ƒ’•Ǥ Ž‹‡™‹–Š†‹”‡ –†‡‘ ”ƒ ›ǡ™‡• ƒŽŽ‹‰’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•ˆ”‘ƒ‘‰–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǧƒ–ǦŽƒ”‰‡Ǥ‡–™‡ ‘—” ’‘’—Ž‹•– „‡– „› ’‡”‹––‹‰ Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–• –‘ ‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡ •‡‡‹‰Ž› ˆ‹‡† ƒ†‹†ƒ–‡•‹ƒ˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆ™ƒ›•Ǥ‡ ƒŽŽŒ—”‘”•Dz”‡’”‡•‡– „‡–™‡‡ †‹”‡ – ƒ† ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ †‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ  ‡ƒ”Ž›ƒŽŽ•–—†‡–•‘ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ ›”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡–Š‡Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ ʹʹǤ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 49 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 49 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 50 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ʹ͸   Ǧ ™‡ —•– •Ǥ –Š‡ ˆŽƒ› †‡– ͻǣͳͶ ”‡’Ǧ —ƒŽŽ› Š–Š‡  ‡ˆŽ‡ – –Š‡‹” ƒ”› ‡‘Ǧ ›ƒ†‡Ǧ ‡”–Šƒ ”†‹ƒ”› •ˆ”‘ —‹Ǧ –‹ ƒ—†‹Ǧ  •–‡ƒ†ǡ •–ǡ Š‘’‡ –‹‘ǡƒ’Ǧ ••ǡ™Š‡”‡ ʹ͹ Š‡ ‘’‡Ǧ –Š‡‹–Ǧ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– DzŽƒ–‡– ––Š‡Š‡ƒ”– ʹͷ  ’Žƒ ‡•–Šƒ–•–‹ŽŽ’‡”‹–ƒŽŽ ȋͳͻ͹ͲȌ ȋ ‹–‹‰ –‘ Žƒ„ƒƒǯ•  ͺ͸͹ ‹ ƒŽŽ›ƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽŽ›’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡†dzȌǤ   DEMOCRACY  JURY     OF  MODELS     Ǥ FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ      ǡ Š‹‡Ž ˜Ǥ Ǥ ƒ Ǥ ‘Ǥǡ ͵ʹͺ ǤǤ ʹͳ͹ǡ ʹʹ͵ȂʹʹͶ ȋͳͻͶ͸Ȍ ȋ‰—ƒ”†‹‰ ȋ  ͳ e.g.  See,   –Š‹•ƒ”–‹ Ž‡ǡ •‘”–‘—–Š‘™†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹Œ—”›’”ƒ –‹ ‡•” ˆ‹”•–„Ž—•Šǡ–Š‡Œ—”›•‡‡•ƒ‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆ†‹”‡ –†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ –Š‡‘”›Ǥ Šƒ˜‡–™‘‰‘ƒŽ•‹‹†Ǥ ‹” –‘’”‘˜‹†‡•‘‡‰—‹†ƒ ‡–‘”‡ƒ†‡”•ˆ”‘ƒ–‹‘•—ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”™‹– ‡”‹ ƒŒ—”›•›•–‡™Š‘ƒ”‡‹–‡”‡•–‡†‹„”‹‰‹‰•‘‡ˆ‘”‘ ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‹‘‹–‘–Š‡‹”‘™Œ—†‹ ‹ƒ”‹‡•Ǥ‡ ‘†Ž›ǡˆ‘”ƒ†‘‡• ‡ ‡–Šƒ––ƒ‡•–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•ƒˆ‹š–—”‡‘ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ ›ǡ Š‘’‡–‘† •–”ƒ–‡–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‡†‹‰–Š‡Œ—”›ǯ•†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ”‡†‡–‹ƒŽ•‹•Šƒ”† ‘‡‹‰Š–‹ƒ‰‹‡Ǥ  ”‡•‹†‡–•–‘˜‘–‡‘–‘™„—•‹‡••Ǥ ʹͷǤ Š‡–‘™‡‡–‹‰‹•ƒ‘–Š‡”‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆ†‹”‡ –†‡‘ ”ƒ ›‹  ʹ͸Ǥ  ʹͲͳͷȐ ƒ†‹•‘‡•‡•‡‡š’‡ ––Š‡‹”˜‡”†‹ –•–‘”‡ˆŽ‡ ––Š‡˜‹‡™•‘ˆ ‘—‹–›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡŒ—”‘”•†‘‘–ƒ –—ƒŽŽ›Šƒ˜‡ ‘•–‹–—‡–•–‘ ”‡•‡–ǡƒ†™‡‰‘–‘‰”‡ƒ–Ž‡‰–Š•–‘’”‘–‡ ––Š‡‹”†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ› ‘—–•‹†‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡•Ǥ —”‘”• ƒ‘– ‘—–˜‘–‡ ‘‡”‡ƒ Šƒ—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ –Ǥ†›‡––Š‡›ƒ”‡‘–ƒ ‘—–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘” ƒ‘–Š‡” „—–  ˜‡”†‹ –•ƒ†–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›’”‘˜‹†‡‘’—„Ž‹ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘•‹–Š‡™ƒ Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡–Š‡‘”›‘ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ ›™‘—Ž†”‡“—‹”‡Ǥ Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘‹•ƒ ‘’Ž‹•Š‡†–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡Žƒ•– ‹–‹œ‡†”ƒˆ–‹ ‡†–ƒ–‡•Ǥ˜‡–Š‡‹Ž‹–ƒ”›†”ƒˆ–Šƒ•‰‹˜‡™ƒ›–‘ƒ˜‘Ž—–‡‡” ƒ†˜‹”–—ƒŽŽ›‡˜‡”›‘–Š‡”‘ˆˆ‹ ‡‘ˆ‰‘˜‡”‡–‹•ˆ‹ŽŽ‡†„›‡Ž‡ ’‘‹–‡–ǡ ‘” ˜‘Ž—–‡‡”‹‰Ǥ Ž› –Š‡ Œ—”› •›•–‡ ‹–‹œ‡• ƒ‡• ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ˜‘–‹‰ ”‡•‹ ƒ‰‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‘—‹–› ‡“—ƒŽŽ› ‡Ž‹‰‹„Ž‡ ƒ† ‡“ Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘ ‡Ž‡ –‹‘• ˆ‘” ‡”‹ ƒ Œ—”‹‡•ǡ ‘™‡‹‰Š ”‡†‡–‹ƒŽ•ǤŠ‡”‡‹•‘Ž‘‰‡”ƒ›‹‹–‹ƒŽ˜‡––‹‰’”‘ ‡ ƒ’ƒ‹‰• ™Š‡”‡ ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•ƒ”‡• ”‡‡‡†–‘ˆ‹†–Š‘•‡Dz‡•–‡‡‡†‹–Š‡ ‘ –›ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”‹–‡‰”‹–›ǡ‰‘‘†‡†— ƒ–‹‘ǡƒ†•‘—†Œ—†‰‡–Ǥdz ‘ˆŒ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘‹•–Š‡„‡Ž‹‡ˆ–Šƒ––Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǧƒ–ǦŽƒ”‰‡Šƒ˜‡– –‡ ‡ǡ ‘‘•‡•‡ǡƒ†˜‹”–—‡‹––ƒ‡•–‘”‡†‡”Œ—•–˜‡”†‹ – †‡‡†ǡ–Š‡Œ—”›‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‡™•—”˜‹˜‹‰‹•–‹–—–‹‘•™Š‡”‡‘ ‡”‹ ƒ ‹–‹œ‡•†‘–Š‡™‘”‘ˆ‰‘˜‡”‹‰–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•Ǥ •–ƒ–—–‡‰‘˜‡”‹‰–Š‡’”‘ ‡••ˆ‘”Œ—”‘”•‡Ž‡ –‹‘ȌǤ  ʹ͹Ǥ ƒ”–‡” ˜Ǥ —”› ‘ǯ ‘ˆ ”‡‡‡ –›Ǥǡ ͵ͻ͸ ǤǤ ͵ʹͲǡ ͵ʹ͵ –‡†‡ ‹‡•–‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•–Š‡‹•–”—‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‡ ‘‘ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 50 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 50 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 50 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37   ͵ͳ  ”Ǧ  ƒŽŽ –• ƒ†  ͻǣͳͶ  ȋƒ˜‹†   •–ƒ”– •ǡƒ† ”‹ƒǤ ‘ ”ƒ–‹    Š‡˜‘–‡” –”ƒ—†‡”˜Ǥ See  ‡” ‹–‹œ‡ ‘ ”ƒ–‡•Ǥ also     ǡ  see ‡ ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡ ”‡ƒ‹• –Š‡  ƒ ‘‘ ƒ ‹  ‘ˆ ƒ Š‘•‡ „‘†› ‘ˆ ‹–‹Ǧ    ”‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˜‡”†‹ – –Š‡›  Țͳͺ͸ͷȋ„ȌǤ  ’‘–Š‡„‡ Šǡƒ†™Š‘  ǡ  •‡‡ —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ id.   †‹‰’‡”•‘•ˆ”‘Œ—”›†—–›‘ ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽŽ‹–‹Ǧ –‡šǦˆ‡Ž‘•–‘•‡”˜‡Ǥ  ‡ –‹‘Žƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡ͳͶ–Š‡†Ǧ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ –Š‡›™Š‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡•ƒ‡•–ƒ‡ ‡”‹‰Š––‘‰”ƒ†ƒ†’‡–‹–Œ—”‹‡••‡Ǧ ǤǤdzȌǢ Ǥ͸ͷǡͳͲͻȂͳͳͲǤʹͳͳȋʹͲͲ͵ȌǤ   Jurors   Ͷͷͺȋ͵”†‡†Ǥͳͺͷ͵ȌǢ   ʹͺ  › ‘–”ƒ•–ǡ–Š‡Œ—”›•–ƒ†•   ʹͻ Ǥ REVIEW   Out ‘„‡•—”‡ǡ™‡‘Ž‘‰‡”Šƒ˜‡  Ǥ  Ǥ ͵Ͳ  LAW         in   ǡͷ͵ ǡ KENT  Ǧ Screening       ͹ͳȋŽ‡šƒ†‡” ƒ‹Ž–‘Ȍȋ•–ƒ–‹‰–Š‡‡‡†–‘‰—ƒ”†ƒ‰ƒ‹•–   Service Ǥ  A.  Socrates   CHICAGO of Jury   ȋ ƒ‡•ƒ†‹•‘Ȍȋ”‡ ‘‡†‹‰ƒ•›•–‡–Šƒ–™‘”•Dz–‘”‡ˆ‹‡  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ͳͲ  from Ǥ         Defence ƒ†”ƒ†‘Ž›•‡Ž‡ –‡˜‡”›–Šƒ‡‘–Š‡Ž‹•–ƒ•      

͵͵  Felons     of   ȋ  Apology:  ǡ ͳ   also    –‹•ƒ˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ„ƒ•‹ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‘”•™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡‰‘˜Ǧ    Țͳͺ͸ͶǤ See ‡•–ƒ”–ˆ”‘ƒƒ•–‡”Ž‹•––Šƒ–‹•‹ Ž—•‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‡•‘ˆ ͵Ͷ    Id. Exclusion  ͵ʹ   Š‡•‡ƒ”‡Š‡ƒ†›‹†‡ƒŽ•Ǥ †‡ˆ‡†‹‰Š‹• ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ„Ž—‡’”‹ ’‘†‡‡’‡”‡šƒ‹ƒ–‹‘ǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡„Žƒ ‡‘ˆŒ—”›’”ƒ Ǧ      The Š‹ Š‹•–Š‡„‡•––”‹„—ƒŽ–‘–”›ȏƒȐ ƒ•‡ǫŠ‹•ƒ™Š‘•‹–•—Šƒ•ǤǤǤ‘–Š‹‰‹ ‘‘™‹–Š–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǣ™Š‘Šƒ•Šƒ”†Ž›•‡‡ –™‡–››‡ƒ”•ǤǤǤǤ •Š‡–Š‡„‡––‡”ƒ–‘–”›–Š‡ ƒ•‡–Šƒ ‹–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ȏƒ•–Š‡ƒ —•‡†ȐǡǤǤǤ†‡’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡‹–‡‰ •ŠƒŽŽ”‡†‡”ǫ      ‡•–‹”‰‹‹ƒǡͳͲͲǤǤ͵Ͳ͵ǡ͵Ͳ͸Ȃ͵Ͳͺȋͳͺ͹ͻȌȋŠ‘Ž†‹‰–Šƒ–‡š Ž— ƒ ‘—–‘ˆ–Š‡‹” ”ƒ ‡ ‘•–‹–—–‡•ƒ˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡“—ƒŽ”‘–‡–ȌǤ  ͵ͳǤ  ‹Šƒ˜‹‰–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–‹‡•–‘„‡ƒŒ—”‘”Ǥ ˆ‘”–Š‡”ƒ†‹ ƒŽ‘–‹‘–Šƒ–‡˜‡”› ‹–‹œ‡‹•‡“—ƒŽ–‘‡˜‡”›‘–Š ”‡•‹†‡– ‹–‹œ‡• Œ—”‹‡•–Š‡•‹œ‡‘ˆ–Š‡–Š‡‹ƒŒ—”›ȋͷͲͳ’‡”•‘•Ȍ–Šƒ––”‹‡† ‡‡†‡†Ǥ ƒŽŽ‘’–”ƒ•Ǥǡšˆ‘”†‹˜Ǥ”‡••ͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ  ˆ ‘—”•‡ǡ ‘’—–‡”’”‘‰”ƒ•†‘–Š‡†”ƒ™‹‰–‘†ƒ›ǡ„—––Š ͵ʹǤ Ž‡ –‡†ƒ–”ƒ†‘ˆ”‘ƒˆƒ‹” ”‘•••‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ǤǤ •ƒ‡Ǥ ‰ƒ–•‹ ‡†‡”ƒŽ‘—”–•‡–‹–Ž‡†–‘–”‹ƒŽ„›Œ—”›•ŠƒŽŽŠƒ˜‡–Š ͵͵Ǥ  —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –Țͳͺ͸ͳȋDz –‹•–Š‡’‘Ž‹ ›   ƒŽ–ǡ   –‘ˆͳͻ͸ͺǡʹͺǤǤǤȚͳͺ͸ͷȋ„ȌȋʹͲͲͲȌǤ‘‡•–ƒ–‡•‡˜‡’‡”‹ ʹͺǤ  ‘”–Š‡‹‹ƒŽ“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽŒ—”‘”•—•–‡‡–ǡ ͺ͸ͺ ‘„Ž‹‰‡† –‘ •‡”˜‡ ‹ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ǡ ’”‘˜‹†‡† –Š‡›•–ƒ†‰Ž‹•Šƒ†ƒ”‡‘– ‘˜‹ –‡†ˆ‡Ž‘•Ǥ ƒ ”‡ƒ† ƒ† —†‡ Žƒ‹† ‘—– ‹ ͳ͹ͺ͹ǡ ƒ‡• ƒ†‹•‘ ”ƒ‹•‡†‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ†’”‡ˆ‡””‡†–‘†‡•‹‰• ”‡‡•ǡˆ‹Ž–‡” †‘—„–• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ˜‹”–—‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•–‘Š‡‹’‘’—Žƒ”‘’‹‹‘•Ǥ –Š‡Dz–‡’‘”ƒ”›†‡Ž—•‹‘‘ˆ‹ Ž‹ƒ–‹‘dzȌǤ  ͵ͲǤ  ͵  ʹͻǤ  —– ™‡ •–‹ŽŽ •–ƒ”– Œ—”› •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ ™‹–Š’”‘ ‡†—”‡•ǡ™Š‹ Š‹•–‘†”ƒ™ƒ‡•”ƒ†‘Ž›‘—–‘ˆƒŠƒ–ǡ•‘–‘ –Š‡ ‘Ž†‡•– ‘ˆ †‹”‡ – †‡ •’‡ƒǤ œ‡•ǤǤǤǤdzȌǤ ƒ† ‡Žƒ”‰‡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  ˜‹‡™• „› ’ƒ••‹‰ –Š‡ –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‡†‹— ‡”‡–‹–‡–‹‘ƒŽŽ›‡š Ž—†‡•ƒ’‡”•‘ˆ”‘–Š‡Œ—”›Ž‹•–‘”– Ž‹•–Ǥ –‹ ‡ –‘ †‹”‡ – †‡‘ ”ƒ › ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡• „‡‰‹• –‘ ˆƒ†‡Ǥ Ž–Š‘—‰Š ™‡  ͵ͶǤ  36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 50 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 50 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 51 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37     Ͷͳ   •Ǥ ”ƒ ›ǡ ͻǣͳͶ  ‹–”ƒ”› Selection —„‡”  ˆ”‘ Empirical •™Š‘  Challenges ’”‡ ‘Ǧ  ‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ •ˆƒ –‹‘ǡ Ž‡ –‡†–‘ ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘ǡ Ž‹•–™‹–ŠǦ An Jury ‰‡•‘”–Š‡ ǤǤǤ˜ǤŽƒǦ ‹–‹‰ƒ–•–‘    –›™‹–Š–Š‡ ”‹ƒŽŒ—†‰Ǧ ͵ͺ͸Ȃͻͳȋͳͻ͹ͶȌ –‘ˆ–Š‹•—Ž‹Ǧ  on  ͵ͷ also Dire:  –Š—‡’–Šƒ‹”‘”   ͵ͺ͸ǡ ‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰Ǧ ͵͸ see Peremptory  Voir  •ƒ„‘—––Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽǯ• Challenges    Against –ƒ ›‹ƒƒ•™‡”ǡ‘”ƒ“—‡•Ǧ ‘Ž‘˜‡”–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽ ‘’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ  ͺ͸ͻ

  Conducted ‹’ƒ–‘”› Žƒ‹•‘ˆ‘”†‹ƒ”›“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡† Ǧ ǡͷ͹ ƒ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‡’‘™‡”‡–‘ˆ’”‹Ǧ Cause  Peremptory ‘ ™Šƒ– ƒ”‡ –Š‡ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹   for  of Ͷʹ ͷͲ͹ǡͷͲͻȋͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ   ͳ͵ͳǡ ͳ͵ͳȂͳͶ͸ ȋͳͻͺ͹ȌǢ Ž‹ ‡ Ǥ ƒ†ƒ™‡”Ǧ Ǥ  Ǥ Attorney DEMOCRACY    Safeguard      Ǥ Effects   JURY –Š‡› ƒ†‹•‹••’‡”•‘•‘ƒ‡”‡ Ǥ    Challenge Versus Ǥ  ͵ͻ the OF Ǧ  A     Essential  

 ‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ–Š‡•‡•‘Ǧ ƒŽŽ‡†’‡”‡’–‘”›  Ƭ ͵͹͹ǡ͵ͺͲȂ͵ͺ͵ȋʹͲͳͲȌǤ ‘”•‘‡•–ƒ–—–‘”›’”‘˜‹•‹‘•ǡ•‡‡ Ƭ An  ͵͹  Judge Ǥ ǯ  ʹͲȋ ȌǤ    MODELS  Modeling    Ǥ    Ǥ  Ǥ ǤǤ    Ǥ Lawyers: FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  ǡ ͳͳ     Ǥ    Ǥ   Two  Ǥ   ––Š‹•’‘‹–ǡ–Š‡’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‘”›‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ ‹–‹œ‡•‹  —•ƒ Ǥ ‘‡•ǡ ǡͳͻ  Candor  by  ͶͲ  

˜‡–‘†ƒ›ǡ•‘Ž‘‰ƒ•Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–•†‘‘–‡‰ƒ‰‡‹ƒ’ƒ–Ǧ    ͵ͺ Dire ƒ–•‘˜Ǥ‡–— ›ǡͶ͹͸ǤǤ͹ͻǡͺͻȋͳͻͺ͸Ȍȋ†‹•ƒ’’”‘˜‹‰‹’ƒ”  ǡͳ͹ ǡ—”‡––˜ǤŽ‡ǡͷͳͶǤǤ͹͸ͷǡ͹͸ͻȋͳͻͻͷȌȋ•–”‹‹‰Œ—”‘”•™‹ ǡ‘‰‡”ŽŽƒ ‘”†ǡ ȋ Juror    ͳ ʹͶȋ„ȌǢ  of e.g. e.g. see generally   Voir    ȋ’”‘Š‹„‹–‹‰”ƒ ‡Ǧ„ƒ•‡†’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•„›–Š‡•–ƒ–‡ȌǢ Ǥ ǤǤǡͷͳͳǤǤͳʹ͹ǡͳ͵ͲȂ͵ͳȋͳͻͻͶȌȋ’”‘Š‹„‹–‹‰‰‡†‡”Ǧ„ƒ•‡†’   Ǥ Proceedings  See, But See Id. See, rel. Verdicts        ‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ƒ”‡†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––‘Œ—•–‹ˆ›‹’‘’—Ž‹•––‡” ‘”‡•—”’”‹•‹‰Ž›ǡŽ‹–‹‰ƒ–•Šƒ˜‡ƒ”‹‰Š––‘•–”‹‡ƒ ‡”–ƒ‹  ex Ǥ Jury   Ǥ Criminal   and Š— Š‘”™Š‹Ǥ  ͵͹Ǥ   ͵ͺǤ  ‹‰‡”‡–ƒŽǤǡ   ͵ͷǤ  ʹͲͳͷȐ Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘„›’Žƒ ‹‰–Š‡ƒ‡•‘ˆ’‡”•‘•‘–Š‡‡Ž‹‰‹„Ž‡ ‘—–— Š• ”‡‡‹‰ǡ–Š‡Žƒ––‡”•–ƒ‰‡•‘ˆ•‡Ž‡ –‹‘‹˜‘Ž˜‡ ‘• Dz™‡‡†‹‰‘—–dz‘ˆ ƒ†‹†ƒ–‡•ǤŠ‡•‡•–ƒ‰‡• ‘•–‹–—–‡ƒ†‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡DzƒŽŽ ‘‡”•dz’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ’‘’—Ž‹•–•Ǥ—”‹‰˜‘‹”†‹”‡ǡŒ—† ’ƒ”–‹‡•ǯŽƒ™›‡”•‡šƒ‹‡’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•ˆ‘”„‹ƒ•ǡ’”‡Œ—†‹ ‡ǡ ‡’–‹‘•ǡ‡š’‘•—”‡–‘’”‡–”‹ƒŽ’—„Ž‹ ‹–›ǡ‘”’‡”•‘ƒŽˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”‹ ‡˜‡–•‘”’‡”•‘•–‘„‡–”‹‡†‘”–Š‡™‹–‡••‡•–‘„‡ ƒŽŽ‡†Ǥ –‡”‘ˆ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ƒ‹‡†ƒ–•–”‹‹‰’‡”•‘•†—‡–‘–Š‡‹””ƒ ‡ǡ ‰‡†‡”ǡ‘”‘–Š‡”’”‘–‡ –‡†•–ƒ–—•ǡ

ȋ‡šƒ‹‹‰ƒŽƒ™›‡”Ǧ ‘†— –‡†˜‘‹”†‹”‡ȌǤ  ͵͸Ǥ ƒ”‘ŽǤŠƒ•‡Ƭ‘ŽŽ‡‡Ǥ ”ƒˆˆ›ǡ •™‡™‹ŽŽ•‡‡™Š‡™‡–—”–‘–Š‡‘”‹‡•‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ –Š‡›†‘‘–ˆ‹–‡ƒ•‹Ž›™‹–Š–Š‡‘–‹‘–Šƒ–Œ—”‹‡••Š‘—Ž†„‡•‡ ˆ‘” ƒ ”‘••Ǧ•‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ †‹”‡ –Ž›‰‘˜‡”‹‰–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•‰‹˜‡™ƒ›–‘–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•‘ˆŽ †‡•‡Ž‡ –’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•Ǥ ‡•‰”ƒ– ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ˆ‘” ƒ—•‡™Š‡„‹ƒ•‹•’”‘˜‡–‘–Š‡‹”•ƒ–‹ ‘ƒ––‡”Š‘™ƒ›’‡”•‘•ƒ”‡†‡‡‡†—ˆ‹––‘•‡”˜‡Ǥ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ‘—Ž†„‡‡š‡” ‹•‡†ˆ‘”ƒ›”‡ƒ•‘ǡ‘ƒ––‡”Š‘™ƒ”„ ‘” ƒ’”‹ ‹‘—•Ǥ ‹–‡†”‹‰Š–™Š‡”‡‹–‹•‡š‡” ‹•‡†•‘Ž‡Ž›‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ”ƒ ‡ȌǤ  ͵ͻǤ  ‘ˆ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•ˆ”‘–Š‡’‘‘Ž‘ˆ’”‡•—ƒ„Ž›“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡†’‡”•‘ •—”˜‹˜‡ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ˆ‘” ƒ—•‡Ǥ Investigation „ƒƒ ‡•ȌǤ  ͶͲǤ  „‡ƒ”†•ƒ›„‡”‹†‹ —Ž‘—•„—–•–‹ŽŽ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽȌǤ –Š‡–”‹ƒŽŒ—”›ˆ”‘–Š‡•–ƒ–‡–‘–Š‡Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–•ƒ†–Š—•ƒ Š‹‡˜‡ ͶͳǤ  – ‘—Ž†„‡ƒ”‰—‡†–Šƒ–’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡••Š‹ˆ– ‘–” ˜ƒ–‡ ‹–‹œ‡•Ǥ˜‡•‘ǡ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•†‡ˆ‡ƒ––Š‡’ƒ”–‹ ‹–‹œ‡•–‘•‡”˜‡‘Œ—”‹‡•Ǥ  ͶʹǤ ‘‡ ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ƒ”‡ Ž‡˜‹‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘„•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ †‡‡ƒ‘”‘”„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ǣ’‡”Šƒ’•ƒŽƒ™›‡”†‡–‡ –•ƒ–”‘—„Ž‹‰Š‡•‹ in 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 51 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 51 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 51 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ˆ   ƒ• ƒ –Š‡ –Š‡ Œ—”› ‹‰Š––‘ ͻǣͳͶ  ™‡‡ ‡•ˆ‘” Ͷͺ ‘–‡͵͹ǡ ‡ƒ– Ž‡†‹‰ –Š‡Œ—”› ‘ ”ƒ ›„› supra Ǥ Šƒ˜‡–Š‡”‹‰Š––‘ ‘”›”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ ǡ ‘”†ǡ e.g.  ’”‘˜‹†‡ƒ„ƒ Ǧ—’ Ͷ͵ See, ƒ Œ—”‘”•ƒ”‡•ƒ‹†–‘„‡’”‘Ǧ –Š‘•‡Œ—”‘”•‹–„‡Ž‹‡˜‡•™‹ŽŽ„‡ ƒ›‘‡ƒƒ‰ƒ‹•–™Š‘Š‡ Ǥ ‡ Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹‰Š–•ǡ ƒ”–Ǥ ʹ͵ ”‡ƒ•‘ ˆ‘” •— Š Š‹• †‹•Ž‹‡Ǥdz Ͷ  ƒ† ‡”˜‹ ‡  – ‘ˆ ͳͻ͸ͺǡ ʹͺ  ƒ‡–‘ ‘˜‹ –‹”ƒ’‡ ƒ•‡•Ǥ •ƒ‹†–‘„‡’”‘Ǧ’Žƒ‹–‹ˆˆ‹ ƒ•‡•  ‰Ȑ‡š–”‡‡•‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›‘„‘–Š —’•Ǥ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ –Š”‡‡•–‡”‡‘–›’‹ ƒŽ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ • Ͷͷ –ƒ‡‘ˆˆ‡•‡ƒ–•‘‡“—‡•–‹‘–Š‡ ƒ‡ Ž‡ƒ”ǡ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•  †Țͳͺ͸ͷȋ„Ȍȋ”‹‰Š–•‘ˆƒŽŽ ‹–‹œ‡•–‘ ˆƒ –‹–Š‡–”‹ƒŽ‘ˆƒŽŽ ”‹‹ƒŽ ƒ•‡•ȌǤ ͵Ͷ͹ȋͷ–Š‡†Ǥͳ͹͸ͻȌǤ Ǥ    ƒŽŽ „—– –™‘ •–ƒ–‡•ǡ  “—‘–‹‰ƒ–•‘˜Ǥ‡–— ›ǡͶ͹͸ǤǤ͹ͻǡ Ͷ͹ REVIEW     LAW  Nullification    KENT  Ǧ Jury  ‘–‡Ͷ͵ǡƒ–͵Ͷ͸ȂͶ͹ȋ‰‹˜‹‰†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–• ‘ˆ‹†‡ ‡‹–Š‡ B. supra ǡ CHICAGO ‘–‡͵͸ǡƒ–ͷͲͻǤ Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ‘–‡ͳͷǡƒ–͹͵Ϋͺͷǡˆ‘”ƒ”‡˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž›‡”‹ ƒŒ—”›ǯ•”  ‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ‘‡‹–‘’Žƒ›‘Ž›–‘•–”‹‡ supra supra    ǡ Ǥƒ”–Ǥ ǡȚͳͻȋDz ƒŽŽ ”‹‹ƒŽ ƒ•‡•™Šƒ–‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡Œ—”›•ŠƒŽŽ Ͷ͸        ǡ Ͷ ƒ†–Š‡ˆƒ –•Ǥdzȋ‡’Šƒ•‹•ƒ††‡†ȌȌǢ     ȋ Ǥ  also  law ͳ    see ƒ†ƒ›’”‘†— ‡ƒ‘”‡‹††Ž‡Ǧ‘ˆǦ–Š‡Ǧ”‘ƒ†Œ—”›„›‡Ž‹‹ƒ–Ǧ  See  ͶͶ   ••—‡ ˆ‘” ƒ”‰—‡–ǯ• •ƒ‡ –Šƒ– ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• •‡”˜‡ Š‡”‡‹•ƒ•‡ ‘†”‡ƒ•‘™Š›–Š‡Œ—”›‹•‘–ƒ’–Ž›†‡• ”‹„‡†ƒ•    †‡ ‹†‡“—‡•–‹‘•‘ˆŽƒ™Ǥ  ͶͺǤ  ȋ’”‘˜‹†‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›•ŠƒŽŽ„‡–Š‡Œ—†‰‡•‘ˆŽƒ™ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•  –‹‘ƒ„Ž‡Ž‘‘Ǣ’‡”Šƒ’•‹–‹•–Šƒ––Š‡’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”ƒ›Šƒ˜‡  Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–’‘•‡††—”‹‰˜‘‹”†‹”‡Ǥ—–ǡƒ•—‡”‘—•–”‹ƒŽƒ—ƒŽ• ƒ”‡‘ˆ–‡‡š‡” ‹•‡†‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ•–‡”‡‘–›’‡•ƒ„‘—–™Š‘Ž‡‰”‘ ͺ͹Ͳ †‡ˆ‡•‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡ǫ’Žƒ—•‹„Ž‡’—”’‘•‡•Ǥ‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡••Š‹ˆ–•‘‡’‘™‡”‘˜‡” ‡ˆ‡†‡”• ‹–‡ ƒ —„‡” ‘ •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘–Š‡•–ƒ–‡–‘–Š‡’ƒ”–‹‡•–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ǡ •‡”˜‡™Š‘‡‡–‹‹ƒŽ“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘•ȌǤ  Ͷ͹Ǥ ‡‡ ǤǤǤȚͳͺ͸ʹȋ’”‘Š‹„‹–‹‰†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘‹Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘Ȍƒ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ȌǤ  Ͷ͸Ǥ  ‘” –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‘”› ”‹‰Š–• ‘ˆ Œ—”‘”•ǡ •‡‡ —”› ‡Ž‡ –‹‘ †‡˜‹ ‡–‘ ƒ– Š™‘—Ž†Ǧ„‡Œ—”‘”•™Š‘‹•–ƒ‡Ž›•—”˜‹˜‡ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰ ƒ—•‡ǡ ‹‰–Š‡Œ—”‘”•‘•–—ƒ ‡’–ƒ„Ž‡–‘‡ƒ Š•‹†‡Ǥ ƒ–͵ͺͺȂͻͲȋ ‹–‹‰–‘•–—†‹‡•–Šƒ–•Š‘™ƒ––‘”‡›•”‡Ž›‘–™‘‘” ƒ„‘—–ƒ†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–ǯ•‰”‘—’™Š‡—•‹‰’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ȌǤŽ Šƒ• ‘ ‡‹˜‡† ƒ ’”‡Œ—†‹ ‡ǡ ‡˜‡ ™‹–Š‘—– „‡‹‰ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ••‹‰ ƒ †‡ˆ‡•‡ƒ†Š‘•–‹Ž‡–‘•‡–‡ ‹‰†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–•–‘†‡ƒ–ŠǤ ‡™•ƒ”‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰‹•—”ƒ ‡ Žƒ‹•Ǣ™‘‡ƒ”‡•ƒ‹†–‘„‡‘”‡Ž‹‡Ž›–Š Id.  Ͷ͵Ǥ DzŠ‡Žƒ™™‹ŽŽ•‘––Šƒ–ȏƒ†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–Ȑ•Š‘—Ž†„‡–”‹‡†„› ’‡”•‘• ™Š‘ –Š‡ Œ—†‰‡ Šƒ• ƒ ‡’–‡† ƒ• “—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡†Ǥ„‡Ž‹‡ˆ–Šƒ–‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›‹•†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––‘ˆ‹†‹–Š‡ ‘‘ƒ Š‡› ”‡•– ‘ †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ‘•–’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ–‘™ƒ”†–Š‡‘–Š‡”•‹†‡ǡƒ”‡ƒ‡ƒ•‘ˆǮ‡Ž‹‹ƒ–ȏ‹ ͶͷǤ Dz‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ǡ„›‡ƒ„Ž‹‰‡ƒ Š•‹†‡–‘‡š Ž—†‡•‹†‡•ǯǤǤǤǤdz ‘ŽŽƒ†˜Ǥ ŽŽ‹‘‹•ǡͶͻ͵ǤǤͶ͹ͶǡͶͺͶȋͳͻͻͲȌȋ ͻͳȋͳͻͺ͸ȌȌǢ –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘†‡” Œ—”› •—„• ”‹„‡• –‘ ƒŒ—”‘”ƒ†Œ—†‰‡–Šƒ–Ž‡š‹•†‡‘ “—‡˜‹ŽŽ‡”‹‰Š–Ž›†‡• ”‹„‡†ƒ• †‹˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ Žƒ„‘” „‡–  ͶͶǤ Šƒ•‡Ƭ ”ƒˆˆ›ǡ –Š‡•‡’—”’‘•‡•ǤŠ‡‹”—•‡•–‹ŽŽˆŽ‹‡•‹–Š‡ˆƒ ‡‘ˆ†‹”‡ –†‡ ’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‹‰–Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆŽ‹–‹‰ƒ–•ƒ––”‹ƒŽ‘˜‡”–Š‡’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ– ‹–‹œ‡•–‘•‡”˜‡Ǥ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘‘ˆ†‹”‡ –†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ ‡‹‰Š–‡‡–Š ‡–—”›‡”‹ ƒǡ ‡Œ‘›‡† ‡š’ƒ•‹˜‡ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ’‘™‡”• –‘ †‡ ‹†‡ “—‡•–‹‘•™‡ŽŽ ‘ˆ ƒ• Žƒ™ ˆƒ – ƒ† –‘ ”‡†‡” ˜‡”†‹ –• ‘ˆ†‡’ƒ”–‹‰ˆ”‘–Š‡Žƒ™‹ƒ‰‹˜‡ ƒ•‡Ǥ ‘• ‹‡ ‡ǡ ‡˜‡ ‹ˆ –Š‹• 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 51 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 51 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 52 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37    ǡ Ƭ ͷ͸ ͷ͵  ƒ  Ž‡Ǥ –Š‡  ȐǤ ‘”   ‡•Ǥ ƒ†  ͻǣͳͶ  –‹‘• ƒ–‹‘   —”‘”• ‡   ” –Š‡› –•ƒ Ǧ •‘”‡  ǡͶ͵ Ǥ͹Ͳʹǡ͹Ͳ͵Ǥ ‡†‘‘ˆ †ǡ‘‡‘ˆ   Amendment     ‡†‹‰Ž‹„Ǧ  ›–‘ ‘„ƒ–    ‡‘”Žƒ™Ǥ Ǥ    ”‘”•ǡDz‘—ƒ”‡–Š‡

Ǥ  ƒ™ˆ”‘–Š‡ ‘—”–dz Seventh   ‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ—‹•‹ǡͷ͸ͺ Controversy     ’—”‡Ž› Ž‡‰ƒŽ

a the   ͷͳ of of   ƒ†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–ˆ‘”ƒ› ‡ ‘’”‡Š‡•‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘”†‹ƒ”›  ͺ͹ͳ    ƒ–‡ ƒ• –‘ ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡ ‡˜‡–Š ‡”‹––Š‡‹–”‘†— –‹‘‘ˆ‡š’‡”– ’—–‡•‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‹”‘™  š’‡”‹‡ ‡Ǥ –‘”‹ ƒŽ•–—†›ȌǤ •ȏȐ›‘—”†—–›–‘ƒ’’Ž›–Š‡Žƒ™ƒ•  ™‹–Š–Š‡Žƒ™‘”‘–Ǥdz Contours  ‡–Š‡ ”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ™‹–‡••‡•ȌǤŠ‹Ž‡ acquit Š‡••™Š‹ Š‹•Ž‹‡”—•–‹•‘ ‹‡–›ǤdzȌǤ  Background     

The   The DEMOCRACY  

Š‡–Š‡‘”›‹•–Šƒ–™Š‹Ž‡‘”†‹ƒ”› JURY Ͷͻ     ‘–‡ͳͷǡƒ–͸͵Ǥ OF       –Š‡ ”‹‹ƒŽ ‘–‡š–ǡ —ŽŽ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ Nullification:   ͷͷ supra ǡ Jury   MODELS  ‘–‡͵ǡƒ–ʹ͹ͶȋDz›ƒ‹‰‡’ƒ›ƒ––‡–‹‘–‘–Š‹‰•‘–Š‡”–Š   †‹–Š —‹Ž† ‡†‡”•‘ǡ FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  ‘–‡͵ǡƒ–ʹ͹ͷǤ  ͷͶ   See supra ‘–‡ͳͷƒ–͸͹ȂͻͷǤ   ǡ  Ǥǡ supra  ǡ supra  ͺ͵ȋͳͻͺͲȌǤ    ǡ  ǡͳͷ͸ǤǤƒ–͸Ͷȋ‘–‹‰Dz–Š‡†—–›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›–‘”‡ ‡‹˜‡–Š‡Ž  Ț ͵Ǥͳ ȋʹͲͳͲȌ ȏŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡”   ǡ’ƒ”ˆ˜Ǥ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ǡͳͷ͸ǤǤͷͳǡ͸ͳȋͳͺͻͷȌȋ‹•–”— –‹‰Œ— ȋ ͷͳǡ  –Š‡›†‘‘–‡ ‡••ƒ”‹Ž›‘™–Š‡Žƒ™Ǥ  Ǥ ͳ Ǥʹͺͻȋͳͻ͸͸ȌǤ   e.g. ͷͲ ‘ “—‡˜‹ŽŽ‡–Š‘—‰Š–‹–™ƒ•’”‡ ‹•‡Ž›–Š‹•‡†— ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ••‘ ‹ƒǦ Sparf ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜ǤŠ‘ƒ•ǡͳͳ͸ Ǥ͵†͸Ͳ͸ǡ͸ͳ͹ȋʹ†‹”Ǥͳͻͻ͹ȌǢ‹–           ͷʹ      See, See See See   Ǥ  Ǥ  Ǥ   Ž•‡™Š‡”‡ǡ Šƒ˜‡ Š”‘‹ Ž‡†–Š‡”‹•‡ƒ†ˆƒŽŽ‘ˆŒ—”›—ŽŽ‹ˆ‹    

    ͺͲ  ͷͲǤ   ͷ͵Ǥ  Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ͳͲ͸ǡͳʹʹȋǤƒ••ǤʹͲͲͺȌǤ  ͷͷǤ   ͷͶǤ  –Š‡‹”‘™ƒˆˆƒ‹”•ǡȏŒ—”›†—–›Ȑ ‘„ƒ–ȏ•Ȑ–Šƒ–‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‡Žˆ‹• ’‡”•‘•ƒ”‡ ‘’‡–‡––‘Ž‹•–‡–‘–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡ƒ†ˆ‹†–Š‡ˆƒ ‘”†‹‰Ž›ǡ –‹‘ ™‹–Š ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ƒ„Ž‡ •—’‡”‹‘”• –Šƒ– ƒ†‡Š‡ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘‹•–‹ŽŽ•‹ ‹–‹œ‡•–Š‡ ‹˜‹ ˜‹”–—‡•‡ ‡••ƒ” Œ—”› •‡”˜‹ ‡ ˜ƒŽ—ƒ„ –Š‡ ˜‹ ‡• ‘ˆ ‹•‘Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– ‹’‡”‹Ž †‡‘ ”ƒ ‹ ƒ––‡”•ǡ–Š‡›—•–†‡ˆ‡”–‘–Š‡•—’‡”‹‘”‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—†‰‡ ƒ‰”‡‡ –‘ ƒ„‹†‡ „› –Š‡ Œ—†‹ ‹ƒŽ ‹•–”— –‹‘• ‘ –Š‡ƒ›„‡Ǥ Žƒ™ǡ ™Šƒ–‡˜‡    ‘’Ž‹ ƒ–‡† ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ǡ –Š‡”‡ ‹•‡†‡– ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡• †‡„ ƒ ”‹‰Š– –‘ Œ—”› –”‹ƒŽ ‘ ƒ––‡”•’‡”•‘•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ „‡›‘† –Š ƒ†’”‘ ‡‡†‹‰–‘•—’’‘”––Š‹•’”‘’‘•‹–‹‘„›ƒ‡šŠƒ—•–‹˜‡Š‹•  ͷʹǤ ‡–›’‹ ƒŽ’ƒ––‡”ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽŒ—”›‹•–”— –‹‘”‡ƒ†•ǣDz –‹  ͷͳǤ  ‰‹˜‡‹––‘›‘—–‘–Š‡ˆƒ –•ƒ•›‘—ˆ‹†–Š‡ǡ™Š‡–Š‡”›‘—ƒ‰”‡‡    ͶͻǤ ʹͲͳͷȐ ƒƒ”‹•–‘ ”ƒ–‹ ƒ•’‡ ––‘Œ—”›†—–›Ǥ ‡š Ž—•‹˜‡Œ—†‰‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ –ǡdzƒ†‘–‹‰–Š‡‹”ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘Œ—†‰ Œ—”‘”•ƒ”‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›’”‡•—‡†–‘„‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘”‡•‘Ž˜‡ˆƒ –—ƒŽ†‹• ™‹–‡••–‡•–‹‘›–‘ƒ••‹•–Œ—”‘”•‹ƒ––‡”•„‡›‘†‘”†‹ƒ”›‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ǡ—Ž‡•͹Ͳʹƒ†͹Ͳ͵‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ—Ž‡•‘ˆ˜‹†‡ ‡’ ”‰—ƒ„Ž›ǡƒ –•‘ˆŒ—”›—ŽŽ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘’Žƒ›‡†ƒŽƒ”‰‡”‘Ž‡‹†‡ˆ ‡”–›™Š‡ƒ‰Ž‹•ŠŒ—”›”‡ˆ—•‡†–‘ ‘˜‹ ––Š‡—ƒ‡”‹ŽŽ‹ƒ ‘ˆ’”‡ƒ Š‹‰ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡Žƒ™Ǣ™Š‡ƒ ‘Ž‘‹ƒŽŒ—”›†‡ˆ‡†‡†ˆ”‡ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡†‹˜‹•‹‘‘ˆŽƒ„‘”–Š‡‘”›‡ ‡••ƒ”‹Ž›†‹•‡’‘™‡”•Œ ‹™ƒ›•–Šƒ–ƒ†‹”‡ –Ž›†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘™‘—Ž†‘–Ǥ †‡‡ –Š‡‰”‘—†•ˆ‘””‡‘˜‹‰ƒŒ—”‘”ˆ‘” ƒ—•‡†—”‹‰Œ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ ™‘—Ž† „‡ Ž‡ƒ” ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡Œ—†‰‡ǯ•‹•–”— –‹‘•Ǥ Œ—”‘” ™ƒ• —™‹ŽŽ‹‰ –‘ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ •‹‹Žƒ”•–ƒ–‡‹•–”— –‹‘•ǡ•‡‡  ͷ͸Ǥ Žƒ Š‡ˆŽ‹Ƭ ‘ƒ›‡ǡ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Š‡ ’—”’‘”–‡† ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ Œ—”‘”• –‘ ƒ•ƒ™ƒ›‘ˆ Šƒ”–‹‰–Š‡‡”‹ ƒŒ—”›ǯ•‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘‹– †‹”‡ – †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  „‡‰‹‹‰•Ǥ ”‡ƒ•‘ƒ–ƒŽŽǡ‹ Ž—†‹‰‘‡•–Šƒ–ˆŽ›‹–Š‡ˆƒ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 52 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 52 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 52 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37   ǡ –‘   —Ǧ †  ‡”‡  —– ‹†‡† ͻǣͳͶ  ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‡˜‡”› ͷ͹ ‹„‡”ƒǦ Œ—”‘”• Ǥ ‰ –Š‡ ‡†— ƒǦ ‡‰‹•ŽƒǦ ‡ –‹‡ ƒ ‡ Œ—”› ‹ „‡”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‹”‘™˜‹‡™•   ͷͻ ƒ•‘•–Šƒ– Ž‹‰ǡ ‘ƒŽ‹Ǧ ‡†‡”˜‡”Ǧ Š‹•™‹†‡Ǧ ‹”Ǥͳͻ͹ʹȌǤ ͸Ͳ Ͷʹȋ ‘Š• ‘’‹•   ‘†ƒ›ǡ–Š‡ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ  ͷͺ –Š‡ ”‡•–ǡ •‡‡     Ͷͺͺ ȋ‹˜Ǥ ‘ˆ Š‹Ǥ ”‡•• ͳͻ͹͸Ȍ ‘–‡ͷʹǡȚ͵ǤͳǤ Ǥ —‹Ž–‘”‹‘ ‡ ‡ƒ•–‘ Šƒ”‰‡•‘ˆ  •‘‹––‘‘–Š‡Œ—”›͸͹‹—–‡•–‘ Ž™ƒ›•’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‘Œ—”‹‡•†—‡–‘–Š‡  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ 

supra   ǡ    REVIEW   —–‘‡‘ˆ–Š‹•ƒŽ–‡”•–Š‡ˆƒ –     ǣ  ‘ †‘—„– ƒ –—ƒŽ Œ—”› ‘˜‡”•ƒǦ  ͸Ͷ ͸͵ LAW       ǡ 

‡–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›–Š‹‘ˆŒ—”‘”•–‘†ƒ›ƒ• KENT Ǧ ͸ͳ   

      ‘–‡ͻǡˆ‘”–Š‡‘”‹‰‹•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ǯ•”‹‰Š–—†‡”‰Ž‹•ŠŽƒ™     

Ǥ CHICAGO       Ƭ   supra Ǥ Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ǡ ǡ 

‘–‡ͳͷǡƒ–͸ͺȂͺͷǤ       ǡͶ͹͵ Ǥʹ†ƒ–ͳͳ͵͹Ȃ͵ͺǤͷͶȋ‹•–”— –‹‰Œ—”‘”•–‘•‡–ƒ•‹†‡–Š‡      supra   ǡ  ȋ”ƒƒ–‹ —„Žǯ‰‘Ǥͳͻͺ͵ȌȋͳͻͷͶȌǤ  Ǥ ǡ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‘—‰Š‡”–›ǡͶ͹͵ Ǥʹ†ͳͳͳ͵ǡͳͳ͵͹Ȃ͵ͺǤͷͶȋǤǤ ȋ   ͳ     e.g. Dougherty         See See, See Œ—”›†‡”‹˜‡•‹–•’‘™‡”ˆ”‘–Š‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‡†”—Ž‡•–Š‡›ƒ”‡–Š    †‡”—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ –”—Ž‡•ǡŒ—”‘”• ƒ‘–•‹’Ž›‘—–˜‘–‡‘‡ ͸ʹ  –‹‘•ƒ”‡‡••‹‡”–Šƒ–Š‹•ǡ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰’”‡••—”‡–ƒ –‹ •ǡŽ‘‰”‘Ž –‹‘„—‹Ž†‹‰ǡ‘”ƒ’’‡ƒŽ•–‘‡‘–‹‘Ǥ  ͸ͳǤ ‡‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ› ”‡†‡”‹‰˜‡”†‹ –•ƒ ‘”†‹‰–‘Žƒ™ƒ†‘––Š‡‹”‘™‘”ƒŽ• ” ’Ž‡•Ǥ ‘–Š‡‘”ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡‹‡–ƒƒ”‹Œ—†‰‹‰–Š‡†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–•ǯ‰ ƒŽ‹ ‹‘—•†‡•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ†”ƒˆ–”‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘”‡ ‘”†•ȌǤ  ͸͵Ǥ ‘”ƒˆ‹ –‹‘ƒŽ•–—†›‘ˆ‘‡Œ—”‘”ǯ•ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘’‡”•—ƒ†‡ ȋͳͻ͸͸Ȍȋ ‹–‹‰‡˜‹†‡ ‡–Šƒ–•–”‘‰‹‹–‹ƒŽƒŒ‘”‹–‹‡•ƒŽ‘•–ƒ ’”‡••—”‡–Š‡›„”‹‰‘Ž‘‡Š‘Ž†‘—–•ȌǤ ”‡†‡”˜‡”†‹ –•ƒ ‘”†‹‰–‘ ‘• ‹‡ ‡Ǥ  ͸ʹǤ ‡‡ •’”‡ƒ†‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ†‹•ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ‘ˆŒ—”›—ŽŽ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒ––Š‡•ƒ ”‡Œ‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ǯ•‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ‡š’ƒ•‹˜‡’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ’‘™‡”–‘” †‹ –• ƒ ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‘• ‹‡ ‡Ǥ  ͸ͶǤ     ͷ͹Ǥ  ͺ͹ʹ –Š‡’”‡••„›ƒ “—‹––‹‰–Š‡’”‹–‡” ‘Š‡–‡”‡‰‡”‘ˆŽ‹„‡Ž‹ ”‘™Ǣ‘”™Š‡‘”–Š‡”Œ—”‹‡•”‡ˆ—•‡†–‘ ‘˜‹ –’‡”•‘•™Š‘ƒ ”—ƒ™ƒ›•Žƒ˜‡•–‘‡• ƒ’‡‹˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ —‰‹–‹˜‡Žƒ˜‡ƒ™ •‡‡‹‰‹–ƒ• ƒ ‘ˆ—•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡”‘Ž‡• ‘ˆŒ—”›ƒ†Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–—”‡Ǥ •›•–‡ ƒ† ƒŽŽ „—– –™‘ •–ƒ–‡• ‡’Šƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ› ”‡Œ‡ – Œ—”› —ŽŽ‹ˆ‹  ͷͺǤ  ‹˜Ǥ”‡••ͳͻͻͳȌȋ“—‘–‹‰‘‡Œ—”‘”™Š‘•ƒ‹†–Šƒ––Š‡‘Ž›”‡ƒ ƒ “—‹––Š‡†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–™ƒ•„‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡›•–‘’’‡†ˆ‘”ƒ•‘†ƒ„”‡ƒȌ  ͷͻǤ  –Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›‹•†‹•–‹ –Ž›†‡•‹‰‡†–‘‡ ‘—”ƒ‰‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡Ž‹ ‰‘‹‰–‘‰”‡ƒ–Ž‡‰–Š•–‘’”‘–‡ ––Š‡‹†‡’‡†‡ ‡‘ˆ–Š‘•‡†‡Ž –—”‡• ‹ ƒ †‡‘ ”ƒ › ƒ‡ –Š‡ Žƒ™•ǡ ƒ† Œ—”‘”•‹•–”— –‡†–‘‡ˆ‘” ‡–Š‡Žƒ™™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡›ƒ‰”‡‡™‹–Š‹–Ǥ ƒ”‡ †—–›Ǧ„‘—† ƒ ƒ‘–Š‡”ǤŠ‡›—•–†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡–‘ƒƒ‰”‡‡†Ǧ—’‘˜‡”†‹ –Ǥ‹ ‡ ’‡”•‘ǯ•˜‹‡™ ‘—–•ǡ‹†‡ƒŽŽ›–Š‹•’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡•–Š‡•‡ƒ” Šˆ‘””‡ ’‡”•—ƒ†‡ƒ ”‘••–Š‡‘”ƒŽ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ †‹˜‹†‡•‘ˆ”ƒ ‡ǡ Žƒ••ǡ –‹‘ǡƒ†–Š‡Ž‹‡Ǥ‘™‡”ǡ‹–‹••‘‡–‹‡••ƒ‹†ǡ‰‘‡•–‘–Š‘•‡ ƒ†‡’– ƒ– †‡ˆ‹‹‰ ‘‘ ‰”‘—†Ǥ –‘ƒ ‡’–ƒ†–‘ƒ’’Ž›Ǥ Œ—”› —ŽŽ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ† ‹–• †ƒ” •‹†‡ǡ ‡ƒ„Ž‹‰ͳͻͷͶ–‘™‹ƒ†ƒ “—‹––Š‡‹ŽŽ‡”•‘ˆ‡––‹ŽŽǤ ƒ ƒŽŽǦ™Š‹–  ͸ͲǤ  36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 52 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 52 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 53 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37     Ǥ  ͸͹   –  †

  –Ǥ supra   ‰ŠŽ› Š‡  ͻǣͳͶ ǡ    „‡Ǧ ‡Ž‘•– ‹‡•‘ˆ ǡʹͶ †‡Ǧ  ƒ˜‡–‘ ͸ͺ ‡Ž‹„‡”Ǧ Ž‹„‡”ƒǦ    ͹Ͳ ”•™‡”‡ 

•Ǥ  Anonymous   ǣ  ƒŽ•ƒ†‹   of

   ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•––™‘ Ǧ  Use          ǡ   Sequestration ǡ   ǯ      Routine       ͷ͹͵ǡͷ͹ͷȂͷ͹ͻȋƒ—‡Ž ”‡‡Ǧ     the ǣ ‘”ƒ—•— ‡••ˆ—Ž ƒ’ƒ‹‰     ͺ͹͵

›˜‡”†‹ –•ȌǢ’‘†ƒ ƒ˜Ǥ”‡‰‘ǡ –Šƒ–ǡˆ‘”Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ”‡ƒ•‘•ǡ—ƒǦ Reasoning for  ‘†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–•ƒ•‹‰–Š‡‘—”––‘     ǡͶͲ͸ǤǤƒ–͵͸ͻȋ‘™‡ŽŽǡ Ǥǡ ‘ —”Ǧ      ‡•dzȌǢ  ǡ   Case    Ǥ Public  The     ‘Š•‘˜Ǥ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡͶͲ͸ǤǤ͵ͷ͸ǡ͵͸ͻȂ͹͹  Johnson DEMOCRACY       of     Ǥ See 

See ǣ  JURY ‡–‹–‹‘ˆ‘””‹–‘ˆ‡”–‹‘”ƒ”‹ǡ ‡””‡”ƒ˜Ǥ”‡‰‘ǡ  Justice:  ͸ȂͳͲȋͳͻͻͷȌǤ OF See      —–ƒ‘Ǧ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‰Œ—”› ƒ‘–„‡    ͸͸    ǡ  Ǥͳʹ͵ǡͳʹͶǤͳȋͳͻͻ͸ȌǢƒ” ›–”ƒ—••ǡ     Nameless ͸ͷ  ”—Ž‹‰•Ǥ  MODELS  in    Requirement    Ǥ 

   Ǥ   



ͳͲͺȋ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ‡Š‰–”ƒ•ǡ ”‡••ͳͻͻ͸ȌȋͳͻͻʹȌǢ Ƭ FOUR

Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  The   Apodaca ǡ reprinted A.  ȋʹͲͲͺȌǤ   o     ƒ†  ǡͶͻ ƒ › Ǥ‹‰ǡ

         ͳͶ͹   ͸ʹ͸ȋʹ†‡†ǤͳͺͻͻȌǤ    Trials  ȋͳͻͻ͹Ȍǡ  Ǥ ȋ ’”‘˜‹†‡•‡˜‹†‡ ‡ˆ‘”–Š‡ ‘–‹—‹‰‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ’’‡ƒŽ‘ˆ   ͳ Johnson ͸ͻ  generally generally        –‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡„—––‘‡š’”‡••–Š‡‹”‘™‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ˜‹‡™—–ƒ‹–Ǧ            See See    ǣ Criminal     Ǥ͸͵ȋͳͻͻ͸ȌǤ   not Ž–Š‘—‰Š†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒ‡›ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡‘ˆŒ—”›„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ǡ–Š‡Š‹ ‡ ƒ‹ƒ‰‹‡ƒŒ—”›•›•–‡Ȅ”ƒœ‹ŽŠƒ•‘‡Ȅ–Šƒ–‹•–”— –•Œ—Ǧ Ǥ in              •‡ ”‡–‹˜‡ ™ƒ›• ‹ ™Š‹ Š Œ—”‘”• †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡ ˜‹‘Žƒ–‡–™‡‡’—„Ž‹ ‹–›ƒ†ƒ ‘—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ǤŠ‡’”‘„Ž‡‹•–Šƒ–Œ—”›†‡ –Š‡ ‘‡ –‹‘ –‹‘†‘‡•‘–ˆ‹–™‹–Š–Š‡‡›”‡“—‹”‡‡–•–Šƒ–•–ƒ†ƒ”†–Š‡‘”†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›‹•‹•–—’‘Ǥ ƒ ‘—–•‘ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ † ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹†‡„–‡†–‘–Š‡™‘”‘ˆ ò”‰‡ ƒ„‡”ƒ•‘” ‘Šƒ™Ž•ǡ ͳ͵ͳǤ–ǤͻͲͶȋʹͲͳͳȌȋ‘ǤͳͲǦ͵ͶͶȌǡʹͲͳͲ͵ͷͷͷͻ͸͸ǡƒ–ȗͷȂͳͳǤ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– —ƒ‹‘—• ˜‡”†‹ –• ‹ ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹ƒǡ •‡‡  ‘–‡ͳ͸ǡƒ–ͳͷȋ‘–‹‰Dz–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ’”‹ ‹’Ž  ͸ͻǤ ʹ  ͸͸Ǥ       ͸ͷǤ  Ǥ ʹͲͳͷȐ –‹‘• „› ‹’‘•‹‰ ‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ •‡ ”‡ ›ǡ‘ ƒ•‹‘ƒŽŽ›•‡“—‡•–”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ •‘‡–‹‡• ƒ‘›‹–›ǡ ƒ   †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ ”— ‹ƒŽ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ƒ –‹˜‹–›Ǥ –Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ǡ—ƒ‹‹–›”‡ƒ‹•–Š‡”—Ž‡‹ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ–”‹ •–ƒ–‡–”‹ƒŽ•‹ƒŽŽ„—––™‘•–ƒ–‡•ǡ„‡ƒ–‹‰„ƒ ƒ› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡    ͸͹Ǥ  —”‹‡• –ǡͳͻ͹Ͷǡ Ǥʹ͵ǡȚͳ͹ȋͶȌȋ‰ǤȌǤ ȋͳͻ͹ʹȌȋ‘™‡ŽŽǡ Ǥǡ ‘ —””‹‰Ȍȋƒ’’”‘˜‹‰‘ˆ‘Ǧ—ƒ‹‘—•Œ—” ͸ͺǤ Š‡–™‘•–ƒ–‡•ƒ”‡‘—‹•‹ƒƒƒ†”‡‰‘Ǥ  ͹ͲǤ  •—”˜‹˜ƒŽ‘ˆ–Š‡—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ –”‡“—‹”‡‡–ǡ™Š‘•‡‘”‹‰‹•ƒ” ‹Š‹•–‘”›ǡ •“—ƒ”‡†™‹–Šƒ—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ –Œ—”›ǣ‘‡‘”–Š‡‘–Š‡”™‘—Ž†Š ‰‹˜‡ǤŠ‡–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘ƒ„‘Ž‹•Š‡†–Š‡—ƒ‹‹–›”‡“—‹”‡‡ ‹ͳͻ͸͹ƒ†ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡† ”‹‹ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –•„›ƒͳͲǦʹƒ”‰‹ǡŒ—”‘ •–‹ŽŽ‹•–”— –‡†–Šƒ––Š‡›Šƒ†ƒ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡ˆ‘” Š‘—”•„‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡ ‘—”–™‘—Ž†ƒ ‡’–ƒŽ‡••Ǧ–ŠƒǦ—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ ‡†„›–Š‡‘’‹‹‘•‘ˆ‘–Š‡”•Ǥ ”‘”• Juries ”‡ ‘•‹†‡”–Š‡ ͶͲ͸ǤǤͶͲͶǡͶͳͳȋͳͻ͹ʹȌȋ•ƒ‡ȌǤŠ‡•‡†‡ ‹•‹‘•ƒŽ•‘†‡ Žƒ”‡† ”‹‰ȌǤ ʹͲͳͳǡ–Š‡—’”‡‡‘—”–†‡‹‡†ƒ™”‹–‘ˆ ‡”–‹‘”ƒ”‹– ‹‹–›™ƒ•”‡“—‹”‡†‘ˆƒŽŽˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ ”‹‹ƒŽŒ—”‹‡•Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 53 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 53 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 53 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37   Ǧ Ǧ ‡ A   De –‘  ‹ ƒŽ Crim –dz‘ˆ  ‡† ƒ ͻǣͳͶ ‰•‘ˆ ‘‡†  † –Š‡ Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ in ƒŒ—”›  •‘‡ ‘˜‡”Ǧ  ‡••‡ ‡ ƒ‹ˆƒ –•  Œ—•–‹ˆ‹‡† ”— ‹ƒŽ–‘ in ǡ ͵ʹǤʹȋ„ȌȋͷȌȋȌǤ   ͳ͵ȂͳͶ ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍ Deliberative Verdicts   Ǥ  Ǥ and    †—†Ǥ‘”‰ƒǡ    ͷ͹ͷ ȋͳͻʹ͵ȌǤ ‘” ƒ ƒ•‡   ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ Special   Ǥ Democracy   Ǥ ͹ʹ Ǥ Ǥ   Ǥ   Giving ǡ  ”†‹ –ǣ ‡‡ƒŽ‘‰›ȋʹͲͳ͵Ȍȋ—Ǧ  dzȌǤ ‘” ƒ Š‹•–‘”› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ generally •‘”†‡˜Ž‹’—–‹–ǡ  ”‡ƒ•‘•ˆ‘”†‡ ‹•‹‘•„—–•ƒ›‹‰   e.g.   —– ‘˜‡” –‹‡ǡ –Š‡ ˜‡”›  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ͹ͷ ͳͺͺͶȐͳͶǤǤǤʹ͹͵ȋ‰ǤȌǤ—Ž‡Ͷͻ Ž‹–›‘ˆ•’‡ ‹ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –•ƒ†‹–‡””‘‰Ǧ see Representation ͹Ͷ  ǡ ͵ʹ ‡ƒ‘–Š‡”ȌǤ  Deliberative ͻͻȋ‡›Žƒ‡Šƒ„‹„‡†Ǥǡͳͻͻ͸ȌǤ See,  Guilty”:  in  REVIEW Group  “Not        of or    ǡ  LAW  Substance  ͳʹ͹ ȋ‹ŽŽ ›Ž‹ ƒ Ƭ ƒ›‡ ‘”ƒ ‡†•Ǥǡ ʹͲͲͲȌ Interrogatories  KENT “Guilty” Alliance and  Ǧ    ʹ͸͵ǡʹ͸͵Ȃ͸ͶȋʹͲͲ͵ȌǢ   Ǥ Special       Beyond Uneasy  ͳͶͺȋͳͻ͹ͻȌǤ ͶͻǤŠ‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ—Ž‡•‘ˆ”‹‹ƒŽ”‘ ‡†—”‡ƒŽ•‘’‡”‹–—•‡‘ˆ   CHICAGO        and ǯ ʹͺͳȋ‡Ž‹ ƒͳͻ͹ͳȌȋͳͻ͸ͺȌȋDzȏȐ ‡–Š‡‹• ”—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›’”‹ ‹’Ž Procedure Ǥ     Ǥ   The   Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ 

 Ƭ    

   Ƭ  ͹͸  Ǥ    Ǥ Ǥ ǡ Verdicts   ǡ  

      

  Š‡”‡“—‹”‡‡–‘ˆ’—„Ž‹ ”‡ƒ•‘”‡“—‹”‡•’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–•‹      ǡ ‘•Š—ƒ‘Š‡ǡ ȋ  Special     ͹ͳ  ͳ  ǣ ǡʹͳ        of e.g.    ƒ–‡ Ǥ‡’˜‡—ǡ‘–‡ǡ     ͹͵ in See, See See Trials  ǡ    ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‡“—ƒ–‡• Œ—”› ‹†‡’‡†‡ ‡ ™‹–Š Œ—”› •‡ ”‡ › › ‘–”ƒ•–ǡ ”‹‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›”‡†‡”ƒDz‰‡‡”ƒŽ˜‡”†‹  History  Jury   inal DzŠ‡ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ–Š‘—‰Š–‰‹˜‡„›–Š‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –‹•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›•›•–‡Ǥdz †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ •‡‡• –‘ ’—„Ž‹ Ž› Œ—•–‹ˆ› –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ’‘ ’‘™‡”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ™Šƒ–‹• ‘‘–‘ƒŽŽ ‹–‹œ‡•ƒ•‘’’‘•‡† ‹˜‘‹‰ ƒ”‰—‡–• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” –‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡•–•‰”‘—’•Ǥ ‘ˆ ‘Ž›  ͹ͷǤ ǤǤ ȋ•–”‡••‹‰–Š‡‡‡†ˆ‘””‡ ‹’”‘ ‹–›‹–Š‡™ƒ› ‹–‹œ‡•–”‡ƒ–‘  ͹ʹǤ ‡Ž‹••ƒ Ǥ ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ•ǡ ™Š‡”‡ƒŒ—”›”‡†‡”‡†ƒ•’‡ ‹ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –ǡ•‡‡—‡‡˜Ǥ—†Ž‡›ǡȏ ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ—Ž‡•‘ˆ‹˜‹Ž”‘ ‡†—”‡”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡•–Š‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„‹ ƒ–‘”‹‡•‹ ‹˜‹Ž ƒ•‡•Ǥ ȋ‡’Šƒ•‹•‘‹––‡†ȌǤ  ͹͵Ǥ   ͹͸Ǥ  ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†ŠǤǤ†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‡‹ ‡•–‡”‹˜‡”•‹–›Ȍȋ‘ˆ‹Ž‡ƒ– Š––’•ǣȀȀŽ”ƒǤŽ‡Ǥƒ Ǥ—Ȁ„‹–•–”‡ƒȀʹ͵ͺͳȀʹͺͷ͵ͳȀͳȀʹͲͳ͵”‘•„›ŠǤ’†ˆȌ ˜‡”†‹ –ǡ•‡‡‡˜‹”‘•„›ǡ —”› †‡’‡†‡ ‡ƒ†–Š‡ ‡‡”ƒŽ‡ Šƒ•‰‘‡ǡ–Š‡–‹‡Šƒ• ‘‡–‘•‡–—’ƒ‘–Š‡”‹†‘ˆ–”‹„—ƒŽǤ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘–‘Dz†‡ˆ‡†–Š‡‹”’”‡ˆ‡””‡†—†‡”•–ƒ†‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  ‹–‡”‡•– ‘” ‘‘ ‰‘‘† ‘ –Š‡”‡ƒ•‘• „ƒ•‹• ‘ˆ ™Š‹ Š ‘”ƒŽ ƒ”‡ ‘” ‡–Š ƒ ‡’–ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ƒŽŽ ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–•Ǥdz Brief  ‘–Š‹‰ƒ„‘—–Œ—”‹‡•ȌǤ  ͹ͳǤ   ƒ‡†ǤǡͳͻͻͻȌȋ”‡“—‹”‹‰ƒ’’‡ŽŽƒ–‡Œ—†‰‡•–‘’—„Ž‹ Ž›’”‘˜‹†‡ ͺ͹Ͷ ‘ ”ƒ–‹ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘—•–„‡ƒ’—„Ž‹ ƒ†–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡–ƒ –‹˜‹–›ǡ „›”‡ ‹’”‘ ƒŽDz‰‹˜‡ƒ†–ƒ‡dz‹†‡„ƒ–‡•„ƒ•‡†‘’—„Ž‹ Ž›”‡ƒ• ƒ”‰—‡–•Ǥ  ͹ͶǤ  Dz‹• ”—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›dz‘ˆ–Š‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ – ƒ‡–‘„‡”‡‰ƒ”†‡†ƒ• ’”‘–‡ –‹‰ –Š‡ ”‹‹ƒŽ Œ—”›ǯ• ‹†‡’‡†‡ ‡Ǥ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –ˆ‘”•‹ƒŽ‹‹–‡†—„‡”‘ˆ ‹” —•–ƒ ‡•Ǥ †‘‡• ‘– ˆ‹– ‡ƒ•‹Ž› ™‹–Š‹ ƒ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘†‡Ž‡–ƒ –‘”•–‘‰‹˜‡’—„Ž‹ ”‡ƒ•‘•ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”ƒ –‹‘•ǤŠ‡‡˜‡” –Šƒ– ”‡“—‹”‡• ‰ ‰—‹Ž–› ‘” ‘– ‰—‹Ž–› –Šƒ– †‘‡•˜‡”†‹ –Ǥ–‰Ž‹•Š ‘‘Žƒ™ǡ’”‘ ‡†—”‡•‡š‹•–‡†–Šƒ–’‡”‹–– ‘– †‹• Ž‘•‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰ „‡Š‹ Œ—”›–‘”‡†‡”ƒDz•’‡ ‹ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –dz™Š‡”‡–Š‡›•‹’Ž›ˆ‘—† ‡”– ƒ† Ž‡ˆ– –Š‡ —Ž–‹ƒ–‡ †‡ ‹•‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ‘—”–Ǥ mocracy 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 53 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 53 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 54 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37    ‡ ͹ͻ ͹ͺ   ˜‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒ ‡ supra ‡ –‘ ‡ǡƒ Ž‹‡ Ž‡ ‘ˆ ͻǣͳͶ –Š‡‹” –‹‘• ” ƒǦ  ‹‘–‘ –Š –Š‡ ‹ –ƒ† ‡ ƒ”‰—Ǧ ›™Š‡ ’ƒ›Ǧ ‡‹‰Š– –”‹ƒŽ•Ǥ •’‡ƒǤ –ƒ„‘—– †‡Ž‹„‡”Ǧ ‡ˆƒ‘—• ‰Œ—”‘”• ƒ–•Š‘—Ž† ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ͳͳͷȋͳͻͶͻȌȋDzŠ‡  

Š‡”‡ƒ›ƒŽ•‘„‡ ͹͹ ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ‡‘ˆ†‹•–—”„‹‰–Š‡  ͺ͹ͷ ‹– ˆƒ –—ƒŽŽ› –”—‡ –Šƒ– ‡ Šƒ† •‡‡ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‡’˜‡—ǡ   ›Œ—”‘”•ǡ–Š‡ƒ –—ƒŽ™‘”‹‰•‘ˆ–Š‡  ǡ•‡‡ǡˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ”ƒ†Ž‡‘ˆ‹„‡”–›  ǤƒǤʹͲͳʹȌǤ DEMOCRACY      JURY  OF      ǣ MODELS     FOUR ‘–‡ͳͷǡƒ–͸ͺȂ͹͵ˆ‘”ƒƒ ‘—–‘ˆ–Š‡‹’”‹•‘‡–‘ˆŒ—”‘”• Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ   supra   ǡ ǡ    

ȋ  ͳ     Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ”‡ƒ•‘• ™Š› ”‹‹ƒŽ Œ—”‘”• †‘ ‘– Œ—•–‹ˆ› ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡”‡ˆ‘”•‹•Ž‹‡Ž›–‘‘ —”Ȅƒ•‹‰–Šƒ–™ ‘ ‡‹˜ƒ„Ž›ǡ ™‡ ‹‰Š– ™ƒ– –‘ •–”‡‰–Š‡ –Š‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ˆ‡ƒǦ ’‡ƒ ‡ǡ †‡•’‹–‡ ’—„Ž‹ Ž› ‹ˆ‘”‹‰ –Š‡ ‘—”– –Šƒ– –Š‡› †‹† ˆ‹† ƒŽŽ‡‰‡†Ž›’‡”Œ—”‹‰–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•™Š‡–Š‡›ƒ “—‹––‡†–Š‡—ƒ‡” „Ž‘ ‡†ƒ–Š‘”‘—‰Šˆƒ”‡„›’”‡ƒ Š‹‰–‘ƒ–Š”‘‰‹–Š‡•–”‡‡–Ǥ  ͹ͺǤ  †‘‘–‡˜‡•‡‡–‘„”‹‰Œ—”›’”ƒ –‹ ‡‹–‘ˆ—ŽŽ ‘’Ž‹ƒ ‡™‹ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡‹†‡ƒŽǤ—–’‡”Šƒ’•‹–‹•–Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡‹†‡ƒŽ–Š Šƒ‰‡–‘ƒ ‘‘†ƒ–‡–Š‡‡‡†ˆ‘”Œ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘–‘–ƒ‡’Ž ‘—–•‹†‡–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ‡›‡Ǥ—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ‡˜‹†‡ ‡‡š‹•–•–Šƒ–‡š’‘•‹ ™‡ƒ”‡ƒ•‘•ˆ‘”•Š”‘—†‹‰Œ—”›”‡ƒ•‘‹‰‹•‡ ”‡ ›Ȅˆ‘”‹•–ƒ ˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆŽ‡ƒ”‹‰–‘‘— Šƒ„‘—–Š‘™–Š‡•ƒ—•ƒ‰‡‹•ƒ†‡ǡ•‘–‘   ͹͹Ǥ ‡‡ ʹͲͳͷȐ ”‡†‡”• ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ˜‡”†‹ –ǡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  •‹’Ž› ‹• ‘–‡–•–Šƒ––‘‘’Žƒ ‡‹–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ ›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘Ǥ ’”‹˜› –‘ –Š –Š‡‹”˜‡”†‹ –•‹’—„Ž‹ ǡ†ƒ–‹‰„ƒ –‘–Š‡•‡˜‡–‡‡–Š ‡–—” Œ—”‘”• ‘—Ž†„‡‹’”‹•‘‡†ˆ‘”•ƒ›‹‰•‘‡–Š‹‰–Šƒ–‹’‡ƒ Š‡† ˜‡”†‹ –•ƒ†‡š’‘•‡†–Š‡–‘ Šƒ”‰‡•‘ˆ’‡”Œ—”›Ǥ ‘— ‹Žǡ  Ǥ˜Ǥ‹–›‘ˆŠ‹Žƒ†‡Ž’Š‹ƒǡͺͷͳ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ͻ͵͸ȋǤ ‘–‡͹Ͷǡƒ–ʹ͸ͻȂʹͺͳǤ ‘”—•‡‘ˆ‹–‡””‘‰ƒ–‘”‹‡•‹ƒ ‹˜‹Ž ƒ•‡ Œ—”›•›•–‡™‘—Ž†„‡•Š‘™—’ǡ†‡˜ƒ•–ƒ–‹‰Ž›ǤdzȌǤ  ͹ͻǤ  ‘” —””‡– —•‡• ‘ˆ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ ˜‡”†‹ –• ‹ ”‹‹ƒŽ –”‹ƒŽ•ǡ Œ—†‰‡•ˆ‡‡Ž–Šƒ–ǡ™‡”‡–Š‡›‘„Ž‹‰‡†–‘Ž‡ƒ”–Š‡‡–Š‘†•—•‡†„ ” ’‡”Šƒ’• –Š‡ ’”‡•‹†‹‰ Œ—†‰‡ ‘—Ž† ‡‰ƒ‰‡ˆ‘”‡’‡”•‘ ‹ ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž› ƒ ƒˆ–‡” ‘ŽŽ‘“—› ”‡ ‡‹˜‹‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ˜‡”†‹ –ǡ ƒ•‹‰†‡•‹‰‡†–‘”‡˜‡ƒŽ–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘‹‰„‡Š‹†–Š‡˜‡”†‹ –Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ™ “—‡• ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ƒ–”ƒ• ”‹’–‘ˆŒ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š‘”™‹–Š‘—–ƒ ‘ ‹‰ ƒ—†‹‘–ƒ’‡ ‘” ˜‹†‡‘–ƒ’‡Ǥ › ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡–™‘ƒŒ‘”’—”’‘•‡•Ǥ ‹”•–ǡ’—„Ž‹ ‹–›™‘—Ž††‹• ‹’Ž‹‡Œ—”‘”•–‘ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ™‘—Ž† •‡” ƒ–‡ƒ ‘”†‹‰–‘”‡ƒ•‘Ǥ‡ ‘†ǡ–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ™‘—Ž†„‡‹ƒ’‘•‹– Œ—†‰‡–Š‡™‘”‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›Ǥ †‘‘–•ƒ›–Šƒ–’‡‡”‹‰‹•‹†‡–Š Œ—”›„Žƒ „‘š™‹ŽŽ‹•’‹”‡’—„Ž‹  ‘ˆ‹†‡ ‡‹Œ—”›˜‡”†‹ –•ǡ –Šƒ– ™‘—Ž† „‡ –Š‡ Š‘’‡Ǥ  •ƒ›‘™™Šƒ–‘ —””‡††—”‹‰Œ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ‘Ž› –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  ™‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ„Ž —–‘ ‡™‡ƒ ‡’––Š‡’”ƒ –‹ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡—‡š’Žƒ‹‡†‰‡‡”ƒŽ˜‡”† –Š‡ ƒ„•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹  ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰ǡ –Š‡ Œ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ ‹• ‘– ƒ •–”‘‰ ‡šƒ’ –—”‡•‘ˆŒ—”›’”ƒ –‹ ‡„›”‡“—‹”‹‰•‘‡•‘”–‘ˆ’—„Ž‹ •–ƒ–‡‡ –Š‡ Œ—”‘”•ǯ ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰Ǥ —”‘”• ‘—Ž† ‹••—‡ ™”‹––‡Œ—†‰‡• †‘Ǥ ‘’‹‹‘• ‘”‡ — Š ‹‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡› ‘—Ž† ”‡†‡” •’‡ ‹ƒŽ ˜‡”†‹ –••™‡”‹–‡””‘‰ƒ–‘”‹‡•ǡ— ŠŽ‹‡™‡‘ ƒ•‹‘ƒŽŽ›†‘‘™‹ ‹˜‹Ž ‘ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 54 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 54 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 54 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37   Ǧ •   Ǧ –ƒǦ Crimi Ž‘•Ǧ  ͻǣͳͶ     ƒ”†‡”  ƒ  Žƒ••ǡ ‹•‘– • –Š‡›  available ”–Š‡‹” –‡”‡•–• the —–•‘ˆ ͺͶ  ‡‘ˆ†‡Ǧ ƒŽ‹–›™‡ Š‡”ƒ‰‡ on ‡•‹’‡”Ǧ  ‡Œ—”›–Šƒ–   ™†ǡ͵͸͸ǤǤ͹ͳ͹ǡ    ǣ ͳǤʹǦͶȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍǡ Perspective  ‡”ƒ–‹‘• •–ƒ”–ǡ ƒŽŽ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒǦ      Reasoning

Ž˜‡•ƒ”‡‘’‡ƒ†’—„Ž‹ ‡˜‡–•Ǥ  ǤʹͲͲͺȌǤ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ –ƒŽ ‘” ’—„Ž‹  ’”‹–dzȌǤ • –Š‡ ƒ•‡™‹–Š›‘—”ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™Œ—”‘”•Ǥdz ”‡’”‡•‡–ǤdzȌǤ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ͺ–Š‹”Ǥͳͻ͹͹ȌȌǤ Š‡ ƒ•‡ˆ‘”›‘—”•‡Žˆǡ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ›ǡ„—– Comparative ‘‡ƒ‘–Š‡”ǡƒ†–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡™‹–Šƒ    

 A Ǥ  General REVIEW        of  ‘ ™Š‹Ž‡ ‘•– ‡š‡” ‹•‡• ‘ˆ ‰‘˜Ǧ  Canada: LAW   ͺͲ 

in      –Š‡‡˜‡–ƒŒ—”‘”‹•†‹•‹••‡†‘ ‡  KENT ǡ Ǧ ͺ͵  ƒ•‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‹• ‡ƒ• –Šƒ– ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–• ‹–Š‹–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘ǡ–Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘‹• ‘–‡͹ͳǡƒ–ͳ͵ȂͳͶǤ  ͺͷ ͺͳ ––ǯ› ‡Ǥ‘ˆ‘Ž‘”ƒ†‘ǡʹͲͷǤǤͶͷͶǡͶ͸͵ȋͳͻͲ͹Ȍȋ‘–‹‰–Š‡ Prejudice  Ǥǡ  supra ǡ rel.  CHICAGO Requirement  ex Instructions   Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Pretrial The ʹͷͲȋͳͻͻ͸ȌǤ   Jury        B.  Ǥ ʹͶͻǡ Ƭ   ‘ˆ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰Ǥ  Criminal ǡ‹†‡ƒ—˜Ǥ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡ͵͹͵ǤǤ͹ʹ͵ǡ͹ʹ͸Ȃʹ͹ȋͳͻ͸͵ȌǢ ”™‹˜Ǥ‘ ǡ ȋ    —†‰‡•–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›‹•–”— –Œ—”‘”•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ—•–„‡’”‡•‡–ˆ‘” ͳ  e.g. e.g. ͺʹ

   ͳ  

 See, See, See See  ǡ͹ͻ  ‘•– –Š‡‘”‹‡• ‘ˆ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡‘ ”ƒ › ƒŽ•‘ ’Žƒ ‡ ‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ generality Jury  ƒ–Ͷ͸͵Ǥ  Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™ǤŒ—†Ǥ –Ǥ‰‘˜ȀŒ‹Ȁ ”‹‹ƒŽȀ’ƒ”–ͳȀͳǤʹǦͶǤŠ– ȋDz ‡ †‡Ž‹„ nal –Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘–‘–ƒ‡’Žƒ ‡Ǥ •Š‘—Ž†•–”‹˜‡–‘”‡ƒ•‘ƒ ‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡‹”•Šƒ”‡†‘”‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹ ƒ• ‹–‹œ‡• ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ „› ƒ’’‡ƒŽ‹‰•Šƒ”‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‘Ž› ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” ™‹–Š ‹–‡”‡•– •‘‡ †‹• ”‡–‡„ƒ•‡†‘™Šƒ–—‹–‡•”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ†‹˜‹†‡•—•„›”ƒ ‡ǡ‹ ‘‡ǡ‘” •—„‰”‘—’Ǥ › ’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‹‰ ƒ”‰—‡– –Š‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹–›”‡“—‹”‡‡–’ƒ”–Ž› ƒ’–—”‡•–Š‡‹†‡ƒŽ‘ˆ‹’ƒ”–‹ ™‹•Š–‘‹•’‹”‡‹Œ—”‘”•Ǥ––Š‡•ƒ‡–‹‡ǡ™‡˜ƒŽ—‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ •’‡ –‹˜‡•”‘‘–‡†‹’‡”•‘ƒŽƒ†‰”‘—’‡š’‡”‹‡ ‡•Ǥ‡–Š‹‹– ‘Ž› ‹‡˜‹–ƒ„Ž‡ „—– ƒŽ•‘ ˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡ –Šƒ– Œ—”‘”• ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– „ƒ ‹ Ž‹‡†–‘ ‘ Ž—†‡–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›Šƒ•— Š–‘–‡ƒ Š—•ƒ„‘—–– ‘ˆ ‘†‹–‹‘•–Šƒ–‡”‹ Š‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ–ƒ†ƒ”†ƒ ‘ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›™‘—Ž†‹’‘•‡ ‘•–”ƒ‹–•‘ˆ’—„Ž‹ ƒ ‘— „‹Ž‹–›–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›™ƒ•‡˜‡”†‡•‹‰‡†–‘ƒ Š‹‡˜‡Ǥ ȋ“—‘–‹‰‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‹‰Ž‡–ƒ”›ǡͷ͸ʹ Ǥʹ†ͳͲͷͺǡͳͲ͸ͲǤʹȋ  ͺ͵Ǥ  †‘•‘‘Ž›ƒˆ–‡”ƒ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡‹ ˜‹‡™–‘”‡ƒ Š‹‰ƒƒ‰”‡‡‡–ǤǤǤǤƒ Š‘ˆ›‘——•–†‡ ‹†‡– ȋͶ–Š‡†Ǥͳͻͺ͹ȌȋDzȏ Ȑ–‹•›‘—”†—–›ǡƒ•Œ—”‘”•ǡ–‘ ‘•—Ž–™‹–Š ‡”‡–’‘™‡”–Š”‹˜‡‹–Š‡Ž‹‰Š–‘ˆ†ƒ›ǡ–Š‡Œ—”›‹•ƒ‡šƒ’Ž Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘™Š‡”‡‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›ƒ†‹†‡’‡†‡ ‡ƒ”‡‡Šƒ ‡†„› Ž‘•‹‰–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘†‘‘”•Ǥ –Š‡   ͺͲǤ  ͺ͹͸ –‘‡™• ‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ƒ†–Š‡Dz–ƒŽƒ„‘—––‘™dzƒ‡•‹––Šƒ–— ŠŠ ˆ‘” –Š‡ –‘ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›Ǥ –Š‡› —•– „‡‰‹ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘• ƒ‡™ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‡ Œ—”‘”Ǥ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘„‡‰‹•ǡ–Š‡–”‹ƒŽŒ—†‰‡™‹ŽŽ–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›‹•–”— ––Š  ͺͷǤ  at –‹‘•—•–„‡ ‘†— –‡†‹–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘‘Ž›™Š‡ƒŽŽŒ—”‘”•ƒ  ͺͶǤ ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ—‹•‹ǡͷ͸ͺ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ͳͲ͸ǡͳͳͲȋǤƒ•• ˆƒ ‡Ǧ–‘Ǧˆƒ ‡ƒ†Œ—”‘”••‡‡–‘Š‘Ž†‘‡ƒ‘–Š‡”ƒ ‘—–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘ ’‘•‹–‹‘•Ǥ  ͺͳǤ ƒ––‡”•‘˜Ǥ‘Ž‘”ƒ†‘ ‡‡† –‘ ’”‘–‡ – –”‹ƒŽ• ˆ”‘ Dzƒ› ‘—–•‹†‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡ǡ ™Š‡–Š‡” ‘ˆ Id.  ͺʹǤ  ‘’’‘•‡†–‘–Š‡•‡ ”‡ ›•—””‘—†‹‰–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘ǡ–”‹ƒŽ•–Š‡•‡ ͹ʹͷȂʹͺȋͳͻ͸ͳȌǢ‡‹Ž‹†ƒ”ǡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 54 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 54 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 55 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37       Ǥ †  on  On  Š‡ •‹Ǧ Ǥ͸ͷ  ‡–  †‡†  Racial   ͻǣͳͶ    Ǥ  †‹Ǧ ‘ˆ‹Ǧ •–Šƒ–  ͳ͵͸Ȃ͵͹ ’”‘„Ǧ  Diversity: ”Š‘Ǧ ‹‰–Š‡ ǯ  –Ž‡ƒ•– ‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  —•‡†ǯ•  —•–†‡Ǧ ‹‡– ™Š‘ƒ”‡     Composition Ƭ Racial       ‡ˆ‘—†ǡ    ͻͲ ǡ ǡ ʹͲͲ͹  Jury  

Racial  of  Ǥ  ƒ—‡ŽǤ‘‡”•ǡ  of      ͷʹǤ  also Diversity     ǡʹ  ˜‡”•‹–›–‘–Š‡–Š‘”‘—‰Š‡••‘ˆ  ͺ͹͹  of ǡ Effects see   Community  ‘–‡  ƒ†Ž‡‰–Š‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ȌǤ ȐǢ    Consequences    

ǣ Logic the  Research  ‡›‘† „—––”‡••‹‰ ’—„Ž‹    ǣ supra   a ǡ  Multiple ͺ͸ and   ‘‹–ƒ›„‡–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›‹•ƒ for  DEMOCRACY Ǥ ͷͻ͹ ȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍ ȏŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡” ‘‡”•ǡ ͺͻ   Future      Consequences   JURY for Applying         Norms Identifying and OF

     Ǥ   Determinants    

 Ƭ Directions  Difference: Making: Ȑȋˆ‹†‹‰–Šƒ–”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›†‹˜‡”•‡Œ—”‹‡•ƒ”‡•—’‡”‹‘”–‘Š‘‘‰‡Ǧ MODELS      and the ǡ         Determinants  FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ǡ  Making  Decision Constructing       ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ –Š‹• †‡• ”‹’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‹˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ Žƒ„‘”     C.  Making    ‘–‡͹ʹǡƒ–ͳʹͶȂͳͷʹǤ  ͻͳ    Group  Decision   Implications,   ͺͺ   Š‡•ƒ‡•‡‡•–”—‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ǡ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ” Š‹• ǡ ͻͲ Ǥ •‡‡ƒ—‡ŽǤ‘‡”•ǡ supra  ǡ ǡ ȋ  and ͺ͹  ͳ   e.g. e.g. Group      Findings,  See See, Id. See, and ͻǤ    Diversity  ͸ǡ –Š‡‘”›ǡ–Š‡Œ—”›–ƒ•‹•Ž‹‹–‡†–‘ˆ‹†‹‰–Š‡ˆƒ –•Ǥ ‘†ƒ›ǡƒ›–Š‡‘”‹•–•‘ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ ‡’––Šƒ–”‡   Ǥ Deliberations   Jury Empirical Racial Ž‹˜‹‰‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆŠ‘™†‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘–”‹„—–‡•–‘†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ †‡Ž‹„ ™‹ŽŽ”‡–—”–‘–Š‹•’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‹ƒ”– ‘ˆ–Š‹•ƒ”–‹ Ž‡Ǥ Œ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ͺͺǤ  ‘”ƒ”‡˜‹‡™‘ˆ•–—†‹‡••Š‘™‹‰–Š‡„‡‡ˆ‹–•‘ˆ”ƒ ‹ƒŽ†‹ ȋʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ  ͺ͹Ǥ  ‘–– Ǥ ƒ‰‡ǡ Diversity Ž‡•• ‘’Ž‡–‡Ǥ ȋͳͻͻͷȌǢ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ•ǡ  ͻͲǤ    ͺ͸Ǥ   ʹͲͳͷȐ ‰”‘—†•‘ˆˆ‡”†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•‘–Š‡ˆƒ –•ƒ†–Š‡Žƒ™Ǥ —†‡” —ƒ‹‘—• ˜‡”†‹ – ”‡“—‹”‡‡–•ǡ –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ Œ—”‘”• ˆ”‘ ˜‡”•‡„ƒ ‰”‘—†•–‘ƒ‰”‡‡‘ƒ ‘‘˜‡”†‹ –‹•’‹”‡•’—„Ž‹  †‡ ‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ˜‡”†‹ – ‹• –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘‡Ǥ ȋʹͲͲͺȌȏŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡”‘‡”•ǡ  ͻͳǤ  –Š‡›ƒ”‡–‘”‡†‡”ƒ˜‡”†‹ –‘”‡‘”Ž‡••‡ Šƒ‹ ƒŽŽ›„›ƒ’’Ž› Žƒ™ –‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ –•Ǥ ˆ‘” –Š‹‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡’”‘†— – ™‹•†‘ ‘ˆ ‘ˆ ƒ› –Š‡ ‹†•Ǥ ™Š‘Ž‡ ’‹”‹ ƒŽ ‘‡• •–—†‹‡•†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡–Šƒ–†‹˜‡”•‹–›‹ ”‡ƒ•‡•–Š‡ ‘‰‹–‹˜‡ ƒ’ƒ ‹–›ƒ† ƒ• ˆ”‘ – –Š‡ „—•‹‡•• ™‘”Ž Ž‡•‘Ž˜‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‰”‘—’•— Š–Šƒ––Šƒ–†‹˜‡”•‡‰”‘—’•‘—–’‡”ˆ‘ ‘‰‡‡‘—•‰”‘—’• ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆ–Š‡Š‹‰Š‡•–ƒ Š‹‡˜‹‰„—–Ž‹‡Ǧ‹ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•Ǥ ‘ˆ‹†‡ ‡ǡ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒ‘‰ Œ—”‘”• ’”‘˜‹†‡• ƒ •—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ”‰— „‡–™‡‡Œ—”›ƒ†Œ—†‰‡‹••‹’Ž‹•–‹ Ǥ ƒ›–”‹ƒŽ•ǡ–Š‡Œ—”› ‹†‡Š›„”‹†‹••—‡•–Šƒ–‹šˆƒ –ƒ†Žƒ™ǡ•— Šƒ•™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡ƒ Žƒ‹‘ˆ•‡ŽˆǦ†‡ˆ‡•‡™ƒ•Œ—•–‹ˆ‹‡†„›ƒDz”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‡ƒ”dz‘ˆ‹ ‘—•Œ—”‹‡•‹‡””‘”Ǧ ƒ– Š‹‰ǡƒ‘—–‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‡š Šƒ‰‡†ǡ  ͺͻǤ  †‡–•‘ˆƒ—Ž–‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽ•‘ ‹‡–›ƒ”‡‘–Œ—•–ˆ—‰‹„Ž‡ ‹–‹œ‡• ƒŽŽ–Š‡•ƒ‡ǡ„—– ‘ ”‡–‡‡„‘†‹‡–•‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ †‡•‡”˜‡ˆƒ‹”Š‡ƒ”‹‰‹’—„Ž‹ †‡„ƒ–‡•Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 55 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 55 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 55 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37    Ǧ Ǧ †   ‘” †‡Ǧ ‡Ǧ —†‰Ǧ •ˆ‘” ͻǣͳͶ Nullifi Wilson,   ‹–›ǯ•  ‡Œ—”› ™Šƒ– Justifica –›˜ƒŽǦ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”  Š‡•‡ ’—„Ž‹ Ǥ Jury  ͵ͻȂ͸͵ǡͳ͹ͲȂ Process—The ˜‡•‘‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ  Unappreciated Darren ƒ ƒ‹   Ǥ Ǥͳ͵͵ͳǡͳ͵ͺͶȂ Civil   at •‡‡ǡˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ an     Pragmatic   A  from Litigation    Charged  ǡ͸ͳ  the  Justice: ǤͳͲͻͻǡͳͳͲͺȂͲͻȋʹͲͲͷȌǤ •–”— –‹‘•ǡ  in Scenes Jury     •ȌǢƒ”•‘ƒŠǡ   Brown   ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ Ǥ  Civil  Ǥ  ƒ„Ž‡‘”•‹•‘‡–‘”– ƒ•‡•ȌǤ ƒ ›–‘ ‘•–”— ––Š”‘—‰Š†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ͻͷ the  Corrective     America:

 of ‘‡ ‘‡–ƒ–‘”•‰‘•‘ˆƒ” Michael  as  REVIEW  in  ͻͶ  —– ƒŽ‡•• ‡”–ƒ‹–Šƒ–Œ—”‘”• Accountability  ǡͳͳͺ ͻͻ that Law   LAW Jury Puzzle    and    •™‡”‹‰–Š‡”‡“—‹”‡•Œ—”‘”•–‘ Jury   Tort  ͻ͵ ǣ Civil KENT  Ǥ ʹ͵Ͷͺǡ ʹͶͲͺȂͳͲ Ƭ ǤʹͲͷ ȋͳͻͻͲȌ ȋ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰ –Šƒ– ‹˜‹Ž Ǧ Diversity   Political Ǥͳͷǡʹ͵ȋͳͻͻͲȌǤ  The Grand       Efficiency,     Ǥ The  Order  Ǧ Ǥ ͻͺ Ǥ Told   CHICAGO Ǥ ‘–‡ͻ͸ǡƒ–ͳ͵ͺͶȂͺͷǤ Š‡”‡•—Ž–Ž‡ˆ––Š‡ ‘—‹–›–‘‰—‡••‡šƒ –Ž›       ͻ͹  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  Second  supra Accuracy, ǡ ͺͺ  ǡ‘˜ǤʹͶǡʹͲͳͶǡƒ–ͳǤ  ͳͲͲ Witnesses  ǡͷͻǤ       Ǥͳ͸Ͳͳǡͳ͸ͶͻȋʹͲͲͳȌǤ  Ǥ Ǥͷ͹ͻǡ͸Ͳͷȋͳͻͻ͵Ȍȋ†‹• —••‹‰Š‘™•‘‡Œ—”›‹•–”— –‹‘•Ž‡ƒ    ǡ    ƒ•‘Ǥ‘Ž‘‘ǡ ‘Ž‘‘ǡ  ǡ –‡’Šƒ ƒ†•ƒǡ   Verdict ȋ   Ǥ ǡ ͳ e.g. Adjudication also also       ‘•‹†‡”–Š‡”‡ ‡–†‡ ‹•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡”‰—•‘ǡ‹••‘—”‹ǡ‰”ƒ†  Fact ƒ–ͳͳ͸͸Ǣƒ–Š‡”‹‡‹‡” ‡‡ŽŽ•ǡ     —”‘”•—•–•‹‹Žƒ”Ž›’”‘„‡™Šƒ–™‡‡ƒ„›‘’ƒ“—‡–‡”• Ǥ Says  

ͻ͸  See Id Id. See See, ͻʹ Jury the   Ǥ  ǡͶͶ  †‘‘–†‘—„––Šƒ–ƒ›Œ—”›˜‡”†‹ –•”‡•–‘‹’Ž‹ ‹–˜ƒŽ—‡Œ Š‡’”‘„Ž‡‘ ‡‘”‡‹•–Šƒ––Š‡•—””‘—†‹‰ ‘—‹–› ƒǦ ǡͺ͸ for for     Prosecutor ƒ•–”‡‡– ‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Œ—”›‘––‘‹†‹ –ƒ™Š‹–‡’‘Ž‹ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”™Š‘‹ŽŽ‡†ƒ›‘—‰„Ž ™Šƒ–•–ƒ†ƒ”†•–Š‡Œ—”›Šƒ†ƒ’’Ž‹‡†‹ˆ‹†‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡’‘Ž‹ ‡ Šƒ†ƒ –‡†‹•‡ŽˆǦ†‡ˆ‡•‡Ǥ –Š‡‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ȌǤ  ͻ͸Ǥ  Œ—”‹‡•ǡ„›˜‹”–—‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‡••ǡŠƒ˜‡–Š‡Ž‡‰‹–‹  ͻͺǤ    ͻʹǤ  ‘” ƒ •–—†› ‘ˆ ƒ Œ—”›ǯ• ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ •‡ŽˆǦ†‡ˆ‡•‡ ‹ ͺ͹ͺ ƒ––ƒ Ǥ •— Š ƒ• Dz”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡ †‘—„–ǡdz DzƒŽ‹ ‡ǡdz ‘” Dz ”‹‹ƒŽ ‡‰Ž‹‰‡ ‡Ǥdz ƒ”‡ ‘– ’—”‡Ž› ˆƒ –—ƒŽ ‹“—‹”‹‡•Ǥ —‡•–‘ƒ’’Ž›–‘–Š‡ ƒ•‡•‘— Šƒ•–Š‡›Dz ‘•–”— –dz–Š‘•‡‘” –Š‡ ‘—‹–›–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡‹”†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ƒ•–‘ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ–Œ—”‘”•†‘‘–Dzˆ‹†dz•‘‡’”‡Ǧ‡š‹•–‹‰ ‘—‹ ‘ ‡’–•—†‡ˆ‹‡†ǡƒ†‹˜‹–‡Œ—”‘”•–‘ƒ‡‘”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡ ‹•‹‘ cation Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡–Š‘•‡˜ƒŽ—‡•–‘–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ǡ— ŠŽ‡••–‘–Š‡ Š‹•Žƒ ‘ˆ ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘„‡–™‡‡–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ†–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ȅˆ ™Š‘•‡˜ƒŽ—‡•‹–•’‡ƒ•Ȅ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž›™‡ƒ‡•–Š‡†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ”‡† –‹ƒŽ•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•–Š‡”‹‰Š–„‘†›–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡ƒ„‘—–ƒ ‘— ˜ƒŽ—‡•ƒ†‘”•Ǥ  ͻͶǤ  ‡ƒ–Š‡”Ǥ ‡”‡ǡ  ͻͷǤ  ͺͷȋʹͲͳʹȌȋƒ••‡”–‹‰–Šƒ– ‹˜‹ŽŒ—”‹‡•ƒ”‡—ƒ™ƒ”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ’’Ž‹  ͻ͹Ǥ ”‹ Š‘Žǡ  ͳͲͲǤ  ͳͻͻȋ‹˜‘ˆŠ‹Ǥ”‡••ͳͻͻͲȌȋͳͻͺͺȌǤ  ͻ͵Ǥ ƒ”Ǥ”‘—†‹ǡ Š—ƒ„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”Ǥ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ Š‹‡ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹  ‘–”‹„—–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š ‹• ‘ˆ–‡ •ƒ‹† –‘ „‡ –Š‡–Š‡•‡„ƒ•‹ ‘”•‘ˆƒ ‘—‹–›ƒ”‡Ǥ ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Žƒ›’‡”•‘• ‹ †‡ ‹†‹‰ ‹˜‘‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† ‘”• ‘ „ƒ•‹  “—‡•–‹‘• ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡‡•• ƒ ‘–”‡ƒ†‹Ž›‘™™Šƒ–‘”•ƒ›‘”ƒ›‘–„‡‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‰Œ—”‘” ‹•‹‘•Ǥ  ͻͻǤ  ‡–•Ž‡ˆ–‘’‡„›Ž‡‰ƒŽ‹•–”— –‹‘•Ǥ

tion Case History 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 55 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 55 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 56 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ‰ ›    ‹ –›    ǡ ƒ† ͻǣͳͶ –‡”Ǧ Œ—†‰Ǧ  ͳͲͺ ” ‘Ǧ –Ǥ   ‡•‡–ƒǦ Revolution ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ Ž‡ȏ’‘Ž‹Ǧ   ȚȚͳͺ͸ͳȂͳͺ͸ͷ the   ”‡’”‡•‡–Ǧ  ‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆ  ‹–‡† –ƒ–‡• ˜Ǥ   ǡ on  ‡–”‡’”‡•‡–•–Š‡     See 

   ͳͲʹ

 –”‘‰–Š‡‘”‹‡•ǡ‘ țțͻͻǡͳ͵Ͷȋ ‘ƒ–Šƒ‡Ǧ ‘ ”ƒ ›Ǥ Reflections ‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›ƒ† ‘Ǧ ͳͲͷ ƒ†Œ—•–‹ˆ› ‘—”–•‹•–”‹‹‰    ͺ͹ͻ ‡‡

 ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡••ǡ–Š‡˜‘–‡ǡ‘” Š”‘—‰Šˆ‡†‡”ƒŽŽƒ™ˆ‘” also   

 ͳͲ͹ ͳͲȂͳͳȋͳͻͺʹȌǤ See DEMOCRACY †—†—”‡ǡ   also   JURY  †‡”‹†‡ƒŽ ‘†‹–‹‘•ǡ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒǦ       ͳͲ͸ See OF  ͳͲͳ   ‡‹–Š‡” —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ǡ –Š‡ –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ      ͺ͹ȂͺͺȋͳͻͺͲȌȋƒ”‰—‹‰–Šƒ–Œ—†‹ ‹ƒŽ”‡˜‹‡™‹•Œ—•–‹ˆ‹‡†™Š‡ ǡ   ͳͲ͵ MODELS        Ǥ   FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ‘–‡͵ǡƒ–ʹͲͳǤ ͳ͹͹ȂͳͺͲȋͳͻ͸͹ȌǤ   ‘–‡ͳͲ͵ǡƒ–ͳ͹͹Ȃ͹ͺǤ   ‘–‡ͳͲͳǡƒ–ͳͳǤ    Ǥƒ‡†Ǥ Ǣ —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –‘ˆͳͻ͸ͺǡʹͺǤǤǤ      supra

ǡ  ǡ  supra  ǡ supra     ǡ    ȋ   ͳ     ǤǤ       ͳͲͶ           ͳͳͷȋ‡‰—‹ͳͻ͸ͺȌȋͳ͹ͻͲȌȋƒ”‰—‹‰–Šƒ–‡ƒ Š‡„‡”‘ˆƒ”Ž‹ƒ  See See See ǣ   Š‡ ŠƒŽŽƒ” ‘ˆ ƒ› ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡‘ ”ƒ › ‹• –Šƒ– ‹–‹œ‡• ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘•– ‘‘†‡• ”‹’–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‡ƒŽŒ—”›‹•ƒDz„‘† ‡ƒ–Š‡‘”‹‡•‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ › ‹–‡–Š‡‹’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ‹ ‘”–Š‡’—”’‘•‡•‘ˆ–Š‹•ƒ”–‹ Ž‡ǡ™‡ ƒ’—–ƒ•‹†‡Ž‘‰Ǧ•–ƒ†‹ France     in ‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ–Š‡™Š‘Ž‡ƒ–‹‘ȌǤ  ͳͲͶǤ  ƒ”‘Ž‡‡ ”‘†— –• ‘Ǥǡ ͵ͲͶ ǤǤ ͳͶͶǡ ͳͷʹ ǤͶ ȋͳͻ͵ͺȌǤ  ͳͲ͸Ǥ  ‡“—ƒŽŽ›ƒ†ˆ”‡‡Ž›˜‘–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•™Š‘‰‘˜‡”–Š‡ ™Š‘ –Š‡› Š‘Ž† ƒ ‘—–ƒ„Ž‡ „› ˜‘–‹‰ –Š‡‘’‡ƒ† ‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡‡Ž‡ –‹‘•Ǥ ‹ ƒ† ‘—– ‘ˆ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‡  ͳͲͷǤ  –”‹ƒŽ•ǡŒ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ‹•–‘‡’ƒ‡ŽƒŒ—”›–Šƒ–‹•ƒ•”‡’”‡• –Š‡ ‘—‹–›ƒ•”ƒ†‘•‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡•’‡”‹ ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ–”‹ƒŽ•ƒ†–Š‡‹š–Š‡†‡–ˆ‘”•–ƒ–‡ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ˆ‘” –‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›”‡•–•‘–Š‡ ‘•‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡†Ǥ –Š‡”‹‰Š––‘ƒ••‡„Ž‡ ƒ—†‡”‹‡–Š‡Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ ›‘ˆ‡Ž‡ –‹‘• ‡––ʹͲͳͲȌȋͳ͸ͻͲȌǤ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ”‡•–”‹ –‹‘•‘ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ•’‡‡ Šǡ †‘™Žƒ™•–Šƒ–‹’‡†‡–Š‡’”‘’‡”™‘”‹‰•‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡ ƒ–‹˜‡•™‹ŽŽ‰—ƒ”†ƒ‰ƒ‹•–Dz–Š‡’‡––›’ƒ••‹‘•™Š‹ Š‘ˆ–‡–”‘—„ –‹ •Ȑ‘”–Š‡˜‹ ‡•–Šƒ–†‹•‰”ƒ ‡‹–Ǥdz –Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†ǡˆ‹†‘”ƒŽƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ„‡‡ˆ‹–••‹ ‡ ‹–‹•”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǧ”‡‹ˆ‘” ‹‰ȌǤ  ͳͲ͵Ǥ  ‘” ƒ †‹• —••‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ –—ƒŽ ƒ† ˜‹”–—ƒŽ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ • †‡„ƒ–‡•ƒ„‘—–™Š‡–Š‡””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•—•– Ž‘•‡Ž›Š‡™–‘–Š‡‹ ‡•–• ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ‘•–‹–—‡–• ‘” ƒ› ‹•–‡ƒ† ‡š‡” ‹•‡‡–ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ–‹•„‡•–Ǥ ‹†‡’‡†‡–  ͳͲ͹Ǥ ‹–Š˜Ǥ‡šƒ•ǡ͵ͳͳǤǤͳʹͺǡͳ͵ͲȋͳͻͶͲȌǤ ͳͲͺǤ     ͳͲͳǤ   ʹͲͳͷȐ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›”‡Ž‹‡•‘‡Ž‡ –‹‘•–‘Ž‡‰‹–‹‹œ‡”‡’” –‹‘ ƒ† –‘ Š‘Ž† ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡• —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ƒ ‘—–ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ –Š‡‹ •–‹–—‡–•Ǥ  ͳͲʹǤ  ‘”ƒ Žƒ••‹ •–ƒ–‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘‡ –‹‘„‡–™‡‡”‡’”‡• •‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡†ǡ•‡‡ –”—Ž› ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥdz ȋʹͲͳʹȌǤ ‘ˆ’”ƒ –‹ ‹‰†‹”‡ –†‡‘ ”ƒ ›‹Žƒ”‰‡”‡’—„Ž‹ •Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 56 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 56 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 56 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37     – ”‹ ƒ Ǧ ƒǦ ‹‘‹ ”‰—‡ ͻǣͳͶ  †‡ ‡ ‹˜‡”•‡ †‡Ž‹„Ǧ †Ǥ Š‡ ‡ ‘Ǧ  –Š‡Ǧ ‹•‹„‹Ž‹–›‹ –‹–—‡–• „‹Ž‹–›–‘ ‘‡ Ǧ ‡Ž‡ –‹‘ Ž• ”‡‡ •‹ ‡‹– „›†‡ˆ‹Ǧ ƒ‡••‘–Šƒ– ”‡‘ˆŠ‘™ ͳͲͻ Ǥ  ͳͳͲ ‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ —†‡”Ž›‹‰ ‘ ‡”dz‘ˆ ͳͳͳ Ǥ Ǥ͹ͲͶǡ͹Ͳ͹ȂͳͳȋͳͻͻͷȌ   ‹‘”‹–‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ ‡ Ž‡ƒ”–Š‡†‹•–‹ –‹‘„‡–™‡‡ ǡͶͶ ‘” Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ ”‡•—Ž– ‹  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ‹–›ȌǤ Jury  the  REVIEW  and  Representation  Š‡’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ•–ƒ”–‹‰  LAW  Quotas  KENT Ǧ Racial Descriptive  CHICAGO A. Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –Țͳͺ͸ʹȋ’”‘Š‹„‹–‹‰†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–   ‘–‡ͳ͹ǡƒ–ͳͷͺͷȂͺͺǡˆ‘”ƒƒ”‰—‡–ƒ„‘—––Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ ‡‘ˆ˜  Țͳͺ͸͵ȋ„ȌȋʹȌȋ”‡“—‹”‹‰ƒˆˆ‹”ƒ–‹˜‡•–‡’•™Š‡†”ƒ™‹‰Œ—”‘”  Compare  supra ǡŽ„‡”–ǤŽ• Š—Ž‡”ǡ ȋ with  ͳ Š‡‹†‡ƒŽ‹•–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›•Š‘—Ž†„‡ƒ‹””‘”‹ƒ‰‡ǡ e.g.  ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‡ƒ”†‡ǡ͸ͷͻ Ǥʹ†ͷͻͲǡ͸Ͳʹȋͷ–Š‹”ǤͳͻͺͳȌȋDz ͳͳʹ See See,   ‘ „‡‰‹ǡ ™‡ —•– ƒ• ™Šƒ– ‹† ‘ˆ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘ ‹Ǧ –ƒ›”ƒ–‡ǡ‡“—ƒŽ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‹Œ—”›’‘‘Ž••‡”˜‡•ƒ•‡ ‘† Š‡”‡†‘Œ—”‹‡•ˆ‹–‹–‘ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›ǫŽ–Š‘—‰Š ™‡ •–‡ƒ†ǡ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡Œ—”›’‘‘Ž••‡”˜‡–™‘˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡„—–†‹•–‹ ˆ‘”‡† ƒ† ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‡–Š—•‹ƒ•–• ƒ –Šƒ––Š‡‘”‡–Š‡Œ—”›DzŽ‘‘•Ž‹‡–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ǡdz–Š‡‘”‡‹–ǡ ‹–‹‘ǡ†”ƒ™•‘–Š‡˜‹‡™•‘ˆƒŽŽƒ†‘–Œ—•–•‘‡’ƒ”–•‘ˆ–Š —‹–›Ǥ ‘”›ǡ‘‡ ‘—Ž†ƒ„‹†‡„›ƒ–‹Ǧ†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•ƒ†•–‹Ž Œ—”‘”•ˆ‘”•‘‡‡—–”ƒŽ‡†— ƒ–‹‘ ”‡†‡–‹ƒŽ–Šƒ–•‡™‡†Œ—”›• ‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ•‘‡‰”‘—’•‘˜‡”‘–Š‡”•Ǥ   ͳͲͻǤ  ͺͺͲ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–™ƒ›•‘ˆ–Š‹‹‰Šƒ•˜ƒŽ—‡‹ƒ†‘ˆ‹–•‡Žˆ‘ƒŒ—”›‡š’ƒ†•–Š‡‘™Ž‡†‰‡„ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•ƒ™Š‘Ž‡„›„”‹‰‹‰† ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•ƒ†Ž‹ˆ‡‡š’‡”‹‡ ‡•–‘„‡ƒ”‘–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡ǤŠ‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ƒ–‹Ǧ†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘ ‹•ƒ”‰—‡–ƒ•–‘™Š›†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘Œ—”‹‡• ‘–”‹„—–‡•–‘‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ •–”ƒ‹‰Š–ˆ‘”™ƒ” ‡”ƒ–‹‘”‡ƒ‹•Š‘–Ž› ‘–‡•–‡†Ǥ –Š‡ —”› ‡Ž‡ –‹‘  – ‹• –Šƒ– Œ—”› •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ Dz—•– ‘– ”‡•—Ž– †‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘ǤǤǤǤdzȌǤ  ͳͳͲǤ‡ˆ‘” ‹‰ƒ–‹Ǧ†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘Žƒ™Ǥ ‡‡‡ǡ  ͳͳͳǤ–Š‡–™‘’—”’‘•‡•Ǥ ”‘˜‹•‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡ͳͻ͸ͺ —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –ƒ ‰”ƒ†Œ—”‹‡•ȌǤ ȋƒ’’”‘˜‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ –‘ —•‡ “—‘–ƒ• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ‡•—”‡ –Šƒ–  ͳͳʹǤ  –Š‡”‡•—Ž–‹‰Œ—”›”‡’”‡•‡–•ƒˆƒ‹” ”‘•••‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘— ™‹–Š ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ Œ—”› ’‘‘Ž• ‹• –Šƒ––Šƒ–ƒŽŽƒ”‡‡“—ƒŽŽ›‡–‹–Ž‡†–‘‡š‡” ‹•‡–Š‡Œ—”›ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡Ǥ –Š‡› ’”‘˜‹†‡ ˜‹•‹„Ž‡ ‡˜‹ ’—”’‘•‡ „‡›‘† ‡ˆ‘” ‹‰ „ƒ• ‘ †‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ’—”’‘•‡•Ǥ ‹”•–ǡ–Š‡›’”‘˜‹†‡ƒ˜‹•‹„Ž‡ Š‡ ‘‰‘˜‡”‡–ǯ•ƒ †‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡‡“—ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•‘ˆƒŽŽ–‘•‡”˜‡‘Œ—”‹‡• ƒŽŽŒ—”‘”•”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•ǡ™‡†‘‘–‡ƒ–Šƒ––Š‡›Šƒ˜‡ ‘• –‘ ”‡’”‡•‡–Ǥ ˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒ• ƒ”‡ ‘– –Š‡”‡‡”‹ ƒ’‘‹–•‘ˆ˜‹‡™ƒ›‘”‡–Šƒ™‘‡•Š‘—Ž†˜‘–‡–‘‰‡–Š‡ –‘ ”‡’”‡•‡– ˆ”‹ ˆƒ˜‘” ‘ˆ ™‘‡ǯ• ‹–‡”‡•–•Ǥ ‘•–‹–—‡– ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘—–ˆ‘”–Š‡Ž‡‰–Š•™‡‰‘‹Œ—”›–”‹ƒŽ•–‘‡‡’Œ—”‘”•—ƒ™ƒ †‘‡• ‘– ‘—–•‹†‡”•ƒ”‡”‡ƒ –‹‰–‘–Š‡–”‹ƒŽǤ Œ—”‘”•‡Ž‡ –‹‘Ȍǡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 56 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 56 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 57 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37     ǡ ƒ † in in in   ǡ  ǡ also ‘ŽǦ   ƒǦ •–‡” ͻǣͳͶ Taylor ”‹–‹  ƒ– ƒŽŽ ˆƒ‹”Ž›   see Ǥ –‹ —Žƒ” Status with ›‹–•  •ǡdz‘” ›ǡ–Š‡”‡ and –• •ƒ›• ”•‘ˆ‘—” ƒ”‡ˆ—Ǧ „‡•‘‡ ‹•’‘‘”Ǥ ͳͳ͵ Democracy Š”‹‡ƒ••‘ ‹ƒǦ   ȋʹͲͳʹȌȋ”‡“—‹”Ǧ ͳͳ͹ Representation  Denigrated  Deliberative  Descriptive  ‡ǡƒ–„‡•–ǡ ‘–‡š–—ƒŽƒ†‡˜‡”Ǧ  ͺͺͳ ’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•Ȍǡ ǫ  Historically ȏ Ȑˆ”ƒ ‡•–‡”‡‘–›’‡•ƒ”‡–Š‡’”‹ ‡  –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ȍǡ Beyond Do  ‘– — ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ˆ‘” ’ƒ”–‹‡• –‘ ͳͳͺ  ‘‡‡––Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–‹–—Ǧ ƒ –—ƒŽŽ› Š‘•‡‹””‘”–Š‡ ‘—‹Ǧ and  ••‡–‹ƒŽ‹•ƒ‡•–Š‡Š‘Ž† Other:  DEMOCRACY ͳͳ͸  ˜‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡› ‘—Ž†ǡ †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡  the   ˆ–Š‡‰”‘—’‹†‡–‹–‹‡•‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†Ǧ Interests,  ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡ƒ– Š„‡–™‡‡ƒ Ǧ ͳͳͷ  and ͳͳͻ JURY   Representative ͳͳͶ  OF a   does  ‘–‡ͺͻǤ MODELS Uncrystallized   ‘–‡͹͵ǡƒ–͵ͷͶǤ What Communication  ͻͻǡ ͳͲͺ ȋ‹ŽŽ ›Ž‹ ƒ Ƭ ƒ›‡ ‘”ƒ ‡†•Ǥǡ ʹͲͲͲȌǢ supra FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ǡ supra  Distrust, ‘–‡ͻͶǡƒ–ͳͳͳͷȂͳ͹ǤʹͷȂ͵ͷȋ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–•‘—” ‡• ‹–‡†–Š‡”‡‹Ȍ ǡ   of       ‘–‡ͳ͹ǡƒ–ͳͷͺͳȋDzȏȐ‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‘ ‡’–‹‘•ǤǤǤŽ‡‰ƒŽŽ›‡•    supra     —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –‘ˆͳͻ͸ͺǡʹͺǤǤǤȚȚͳͺ͸ͳȂͳͺ͸ʹ ‘–‡ͳ͹ǡƒ–ͳͷ͹ʹǤ   supra ȋ   also Settings   ͳ   ”‹•ƒ”‹‘‘—‰ǡ ‡ǡ supra   ‡”‡ǡ  ƒ›Ž‘”˜Ǥ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡͶͳͻǤǤͷʹʹǡͷʹͻǤ͹ȋͳͻ͹ͷȌǤ  ƒ‡ ƒ•„”‹†‰‡ǡ see See Compare See See See See    •—ǡ ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡• ‘ˆ †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ –‘‘ ”‡ƒ†‹Ž› ƒ•Ǧ  –—ƒŽŒ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘’”ƒ –‹ ‡•‹–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ƒ”‡‘–‡š      „ƒ ‰”‘—†•ƒ†‹ ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ–ƒŽŽǤ ‘ˆ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š›‘ƒ––‹–—†‡•‘–‹‰Š–ƒ•–‘ƒ‡ƒŽŽ‘ˆ—•’”‹•‘‡ ˜‡”› ƒ‡Ǧ—’ǡ •— Š ƒ Œ—”› ‹• –‘—–‡† ƒ•”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ™‡Ž˜‡•’ƒ ‡• ƒ‘–ƒ ‘‘†ƒ–‡”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡›”‹ƒ ‘ˆ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ‰”‘—’•‹‡”‹ ƒǤ –—ƒŽŒ—”›’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ƒ†–Š‡–Š‡‘”›‘ˆ†‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ’Ž‡• ‘ˆ †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Ž–Š‘—‰Š ™‡ •–ƒ”–Œ—”›Ž‹•––Šƒ–•‡‡•–‘‹””‘”–Š‡†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ •‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹– ˆ”‘ ƒ ƒ ‹•‘”‡“—‹”‡‡––Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›•‡ƒ–‡†ƒ‹–ƒ‹ƒ›’ƒ” Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ‰”‘—’”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ƒ–ƒŽŽǤ  ͳͳͺǤ   ͳͳͻǤ  –›‘””‡ˆŽ‡ –†‹•–‹ –‹˜‡‰”‘—’•‹–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ȌǤ Žƒ† ˜Ǥ ŽŽ‹‘‹•ǡ Ͷͻ͵ ǤǤ Ͷ͹Ͷǡ Ͷ͹ͺ ȋͳͻͻͲȌ ȋŠ‘Ž†‹‰ –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• ͶͳͻǤǤƒ–ͷ͵ͺȋ†‡ Ž‹‹‰–‘”‡“—‹”‡–Šƒ––Š‡’ƒ‡Ž‘ˆŒ—”‘”• ‡š Ž—†‡ ‘‰‹œƒ„Ž‡‰”‘—’•ˆ”‘–Š‡Œ—”›–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ’‡”‡    ͳͳ͵Ǥ  ʹͲͳͷȐ ‹ ”‘ ‘•ǡ ‘” ˆƒ‹” ”‘••Ǧ•‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹–› ƒ– Žƒ”‰‡Ǥ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ •—ˆˆ‡”• ˆ”‘ ƒ ˆƒŽ•‡ ƒ† ‹•—Ž–‹‰ ƒ••—’–‹‘ –Š ‡„‡”•‘ˆƒ‰‹˜‡‰”‘—’–Š‹–Š‡•ƒ‡ǡ•‘–Šƒ–‡”‡Ž›Šƒ˜‹‰ ™‘ƒ‘–Š‡Œ—”›Ȅƒ›™‘ƒȄ™‹ŽŽ‰‹˜‡—••‘‡’—–ƒ–‹˜‡™‘ƒǯ• ’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™ǤŠ‡ˆƒŽŽƒ ›Š‡”‡‰‘‡•„›–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆDz‡••‡–‹ƒŽ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ‹–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‡„‡”•‘ˆƒ”ƒ ‹ƒŽǡ‡–Š‹ ǡ‘”‰‡†‡”‰”‘—’ ‰‹„Ž‡‘”‹–‡” Šƒ‰‡ƒ„Ž‡ ‘‘†‹–‹‡•Ǥ —ƒŽŒ—”‘”•™‡”‡•‘ ”— ‹ƒŽ–‘Œ—•–‹ ‡ǡ™‡™‘—Ž†‡š’‡ ––Š‡”‡–‘  Šƒ‰‹‰ǤdzȌǢ –‹‘•„‡–™‡‡‰”‘—’‡„‡”•Š‹’ƒ†‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽƒ––‹–—†‡•–Šƒ–ƒ” ˆ‘”ƒ ‡’–ƒ ‡‘ˆƒŒ—”›’ƒ‡Žƒ•ˆƒ‹”ǡ–Š‡’”‹ ‡‹•–‘‘Š‹‰Š––‹‘ǤdzȌǤ  ͳͳ͹Ǥ  †‘•‘˜Ǥ‡‡•˜‹ŽŽ‡‘ ”‡–‡‘ǤǡͷͲͲǤǤ͸ͳͶǡ͸͵ͲȋͳͻͻͳȌȋDz •—‡–Šƒ–™‡‰‡–™Šƒ–™‡™ƒ–Ȅ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‹•—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡˜‹‡™Ǧ ’‘‹–•Ȅ•‹’Ž›„›Šƒ˜‹‰†‹˜‡”•‹–›‹†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ –‡”•Ǥ•‘‡ ’—–• ‹–ǡ DzȏȐ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‹–›‘–Š‹‰ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ––Š‡”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‘‡•Ǥdz ‘” •‹‹Žƒ”‹–› ™‹–Š ‘•–‹–—‡ ‹‰–Šƒ–ƒƒ•–‡”Œ—”›Ž‹•–—•–„‡†”ƒ™ˆ”‘ƒˆƒ‹” ”‘••Ǧ•‡  ͳͳͶǤ  ͳͳͷǤ ‡ǡ ͳͳ͸Ǥ  Communicative 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 57 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 57 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 57 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ǡ Ǧ Ǧ ‡ ‡   –ƒǦ supra ǡ ͻǣͳͶ  Deliber †‘‹Ǧ  ƒ – ‘ ƒ –‹‰ ”‘Š‹„‹–Ǧ ‡Šƒ• Ž›„‡‹‰ •„‡•‘ǫ   the ˆ‘”ƒšǦ  ‡†ˆ”‡‡  see Both  ƒ–ͻͻȂͳͲͲǤ Id. Advance   to  •—„–”ƒ –‹‰Œ—”‘”•‹‘”†‡”–‘ ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•ǡ‘”‘‰‘‹‰‹•‹‰Š–• ƒ–‘”•Šƒ˜‡‹–Ǥ ƒ’Š‹  Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •‘ˆ–Š‡”‡’”‡Ǧ ͵†ͳͲͻʹǡͳͲͻ͸ǡͳͳͲͷȂͲ͹ȋ͸–Š‹”Ǥ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ •‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‡••‘–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡†Œ—”› ‡”dz’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŒ—”‘”•ˆ”‘–Š‡Ž‹•–ȌǤ ‡ˆ‹ƒŽŒ—”›ȌǤ ”–‹ —Žƒ”ǡ‹–‹•Ž‹‡Ž›–Šƒ–’‡”•‘•ˆ”‘ Ǥ Ǥ ͷ͵ͳǡ ͷͶͺ ȋͳͻ͹ͲȌ ȋƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‹‰ ˆ‘” Proposal  ‡Ž‹˜‡™‹–Š™Šƒ–‡˜‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž A  ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡• ƒƒ –‘  ͳʹͳ REVIEW  ͳʹͷ Representation  ǡ ͹ͻ  LAW  Selection: Ǥͳ͸ͳǡͳ͹ͳȂ͹Ͷȋ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰–Šƒ–’ƒ”–‹‡•„‡‰‹˜‡ƒ  ‘–Š‡ ‘–”ƒ”›ǡ–Š‡—’”‡‡‘—”– Juries  Jury ͳʹͲ KENT    Ǧ ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‡Ž•‘ǡʹ͹͹ Ǥ͵†ͳ͸ͶǡʹͲ͹ȂͲͺȋʹ†‹”Ǥ    Ǥ

ͳʹ͸  Black also     Substantive ͳʹ͵ for see  ƒ–ͳͳ͵ȋDzƒ –‹‰ˆ‘”dzȌǤ   CHICAGO Affirmative  ‘–‡ ͳͳ͸ǡ ƒ– ͳͲ͵Ǥ Š‹Ž‡ ‘‡ †‘‡• ‘– Šƒ˜‡ –‘ •Šƒ”‡ ƒ ‡–Š‹  B.  ‡”‡ǡ–‘‡ Š‘ ƒƒ‹–‹ǯ•–‡”•ǡ–Š‡–ƒ•‘ˆƒ  •–‡ƒ†ǡ‡˜‡—†‡”‹†‡ƒŽ ‘†‹–‹‘•ǡ”ƒ†‘Ǧ ƒ–ͻͻǡͳͲ͵ǤŠ—•ǡ–Š‡†‹•–‹ –‹‘„‡–™‡‡†‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ƒ†•—„• id. Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Case Id.  ǡͳͻͻͺǤ ͳʹͶ ͳʹʹ supra  The   ‘–‡ͻͶǡƒ–ͳͳͳʹȂͳ͵Ǥ   Diversity   ‘–‡ǡ supra ǡͶͻ͵ǤǤƒ–Ͷ͹ͺǢ ȋ  ͳ Jury  ƒ•„”‹†‰‡ǡ ‡„‘”ƒŠƒ‹”‡œǡ  ƒ–͸ͲȋDz•–ƒ†ˆ‘”dzȌǢ  and  Id. Id. See Compare Holland with   —’’‘•‡ –Šƒ– Œ—”‘”• ”‡’”‡•‡– —•ǡ ‘– •‹’Ž› „› Ž‘‘‹‰ Ž‹‡ —• ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‡–Š‡‘”›‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‰‘‡•„›–Š‡ƒ‡Dz•—„•–ƒ Ideal  •‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ”‡‘–‹””‡Ž‡˜ƒ–Ǥ ‹˜‡–Š‡ Ž‡ƒ˜ƒ‰‡•‘ˆ”ƒ ‡‹’ƒ –‹˜‡–Š‡‘”‹‡•‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‹•‘–ƒ••Šƒ”’ƒ•ƒ› ‘‡– ‹†‡–‹–›™‹–Š ‘•–‹–—‡–•–‘ƒ –‘„‡ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆ–Š‡ǡ–Š‡†‡‘‰” ‹‘”‹–›‰”‘—’•™‹ŽŽ„”‹‰‹–‘–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘Dz‡™‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–dz–‘–Š‡–ƒ•ƒ–Šƒ†Ǥ „—–„›„‡‹‰™‡ŽŽ•‹–—ƒ–‡†–‘ƒ –‘‘—”„‡ŠƒŽˆǤŠ›•Š‘—Ž†–Š‹ Š› •Š‘—Ž† ‘”†‹ƒ”› ’‡”•‘• Š‘•‡ ˆ”‘ƒ›ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘˜‡”Œ—†‰‡•‘”’ƒ‡Ž•‘ˆ‡š’‡”–•™Š‡‹– ‘‡•–‘ –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡Ǧƒ–ǦŽƒ”‰‡ Šƒ˜ ‘–‡ͳͲ͵ǡƒ–͸ͲȂͻʹǡͳͳʹȂͶͶǤ  ͳʹͷǤ  ative  ͳʹ͵Ǥ  –‹˜‡dz”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ͳʹ͸Ǥ    ͳʹͲǤ  ͺͺʹ ”‡“—‹”‡‡– ƒ„‘—– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ’‡”Šƒ’•‘–“—‘–ƒ•ǡ„—–ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–•‘‡ƒˆˆ‹”ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ –‹‘”—Ž‡• ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ –Š‡‹‹œ‹‰†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ‘‰Œ—”‘”•Ǥ •‡ƒ–‡† Œ—”›Ȅ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹• ‘– –‘ •–ƒ† ‹ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒ„•‡–„‡ŠƒŽˆ ’‡”•‘ ‘ˆ „—– –‘ –Šƒ– ’‡”•‘ǯ• „‡•– ‹–‡”‡•–•Ǥ ‡••”‡•—Ž–•‹ƒ’”‡†‹ –ƒ„Ž‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆŒ—”› ‘’‘•‹–‹‘•ǡ•‘‡ ƒ–‡† „› ƒŒ‘”‹–›‹‘”‹–›‰”‘—’‡„‡”•Ǥ ‰”‘—’ ‡„‡”•ǡ ‘–Š‡”• ‘˜‡”Ǧ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ Šƒ•‹–‡”’”‡–‡†–Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘ǯ•“—ƒŽ”‘–‡ –‹‘Žƒ—•‡ƒ•’ ‹‰”ƒ ‡ ‘• ‹‘—•‡••‹Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘Ǥ “—‘–ƒ•Ȍǡ ˆ‹š‡†—„‡”‘ˆƒˆˆ‹”ƒ–‹˜‡ Š‘‹ ‡•ƒ•–‘™Š‘‹•‹ Ž—†‡†‘–Š  ͳʹͳǤ  ‘ˆ†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ‰ƒ‹•–‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‘”‰”‘—’•Ǥ• ‡ƒ–Š‡” ‡” •Š‘™ǡ ”ƒ†‘ •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ ‹• ‘– ƒ‹””‘”‹ƒ‰‡Œ—”‹‡•Ǥ ’”‘ ‡†—”‡ ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡† –‘ ’”‘†— ‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘”‡•—Ž–•ˆ”‘”ƒ†‘•‡Ž‡ –‹‘ˆ”‘ƒŽ‹•–ˆ‘” „‡ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ‡„‡”•‘ˆƒ‰”‘—’™‹–Š‘—–‡ ‡••ƒ”‹ ˆ”‘–Šƒ–‰”‘—’–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•Ǥ ʹͲͲʹȌȋ‘–‹‰–Šƒ–—’”‡‡‘—”–’”‡ ‡†‡–’”‘Š‹„‹–•ƒ††‹‰‘” ƒ Š‹‡˜‡ƒ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡Œ—”›ȌǢ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡• ˜Ǥ˜ƒŽŽ‡ǡͳ͵͸ Ǥ ͳͻͻͺȌȋ†‹•ƒ’’”‘˜‹‰‘ˆƒ–”‹ƒŽ ‘—”–ǯ•ƒ––‡’––‘ƒ Š‹‡˜‡”‡’”‡ Ž‹•–„›”ƒ†‘Ž›•–”‹‹‰ƒ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹‡†—„‡”‘ˆDz™Š‹–‡•ƒ†‘–Š  ͳʹʹǤ  ‡”‡ǡ  ͳʹͶǤ  ‘”–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡„‡–™‡‡†‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ƒ†•—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡” 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 57 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 57 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 58 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ǡ   •–ǡ ƒ•Ǧ ‡– ‡• ”‹„Ǧ †‹Ǧ –Š‡”  ǡ‡Ǧ ‘ †‘   ͻǣͳͶ ‡’–ǣ  ”•‘• ǡ ‰Š–‡•– †‹ˆˆ‡”Ǧ ‡™‹–Š –Š ™ƒ• ‡–Š”‡‡ ‡ƒ› ‡ ‡•‘ˆ ›–‘•‹‰Ǧ e.g. ˜‡”•ƒŽŽ›ǡ   ‡ –•™Šƒ– See,  ʹͷͺȂʹ͸Ͷǡ ʹ͹͹Ȃʹ͹ͺ dz •‡‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›         ͺͺ͵ †‡Ž‘ˆDz”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒǦ ˜‹ –Š‹‘ˆ—”†‡””ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ Dz ‘””‡ –dz˜‡”†‹ –ǡ™‡‘ˆ–‡†‹•ƒǦ Š‡ƒ —”ƒ ›‘ˆƒŒ—”›˜‡”†‹ –Ǥ “—‡•–‹‘•ǡ•— Šƒ•™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡ ‡–• ‘—Ž†„‡•‡––Ž‡†‹ˆ–Š‡”‡™ƒ•  ‡–ƒ—‰Š––Šƒ– ‘ˆ”‘Ǧ ”†‹ ––”—‡‘”ˆƒŽ•‡Ǥ ƒŒ—”›ǯ• ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǡ•— Šƒ•†‡–‡”Ǧ ͳ͵Ͳ     ‹ŽŽ™ƒ•‘•‡’–‹ ƒ„‘—––Š‡  •—‰‰‡•–ƒƒ•™‡”–Šƒ– ™‹ŽŽ DEMOCRACY  ͳʹͻ ͳʹ͹  JURY   OF     ͳͷȂͷʹȋƒ˜‹†’‹–œ‡†Ǥǡͳͻ͹ͷȌǤ MODELS          FOUR  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ     ǣ  ǡ               ǯ  Ǥ  ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡‘ ”ƒ › „› ‹–•‡Žˆ –‡ŽŽ• —• ‘”‡ ƒ„‘—– ȋ   ͳ ͳʹͺ   ƒ–ͷͲǤ ƒ”– Ǥ ǡ    Id.   ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Šƒ”•„ƒ –‘ ‘Š–—ƒ”–‹ŽŽǯ• Ž ‘–‡ͺ͸ǡƒ–ͳ͹ȂͳͺǤ –‹•ˆ‘”–Š‹•”‡ƒ•‘–Šƒ– ’”‘’‘•‡–Š‡‘ infra   ͳʹͺǤ  ‘” ƒ •—ƒ”› ‘ˆ ƒ—‡Ž ƒ–ǯ• ‘–‹‘ ‘ˆ Dz’—”‡ ”‡ƒ•‘ǡ –‹‘dz ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ •Š‘™• Š‘™ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ’”‘˜‹†‡• –Š‡ ‘ –‹‘• —†‡” ™Š‹ Š Œ—”‘”• †‘ –Š‡‹†•–‘–Š‡ ‘‘–ƒ•‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‰–‘ƒŒ—•–˜‡”†‹ –Ǥ „‡•– Œ‘„ ‘ˆ –—”‹‰ ƒ› †‹ˆˆ‡” ™Š‘–Š‡Œ—”‘”•ƒ”‡–Šƒ™Šƒ––Š‡›ƒ”‡•—’’‘•‡†–‘†‘Ǥ› ‘–”ƒ supra ƒŽŽDz”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥdz  Š‘‘•‡–Š‹•ƒ‡’”‡ ‹•‡Ž ƒŽ–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›ǯ•†‹•–‹ –†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ †‡•‹‰‹•‘‡–Šƒ– ‘ Œ—”‘”•†‘ȋ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡Ȍ™‹–Š™Š‘–Š‡›ƒ”‡ȋƒ†‹˜‡”•‡‰”‘—’‘ˆ’‡ Š‘•‡ƒ–”ƒ†‘„—–• ”‡‡‡†ˆ‘”„‹ƒ•Ȍ‹™ƒ›•–Šƒ–‘‡‘ˆ–Š ‹†‡ƒŽ–›’‡•‘ˆ†‡‘ ”ƒ › ƒ’–—”‡ǤŠ‡Œ—”›ƒƒ‰‡•–‘Š‘Ž†–‘‰‡ȋͳȌ–Š‡’‘’—Ž‹•– Žƒ‹ƒ„‘—––Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡™‹•†‘‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž ȋʹȌ–Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ Žƒ‹–Šƒ–ƒ›‹†•‘—–•ƒ”––Š‡ˆ‡™„”‹ ‹†•™‹–Šȋ͵Ȍ–Š‡”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ Žƒ‹–Šƒ–†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ‘‰–Š ‹†• ƒ––‡”•Ǥ ‹”‡ – †‡‘ ”ƒ › „› ‹–•‡Žˆ ‹• ƒ ƒ‰‰”‡‰ƒ–‹‰™‡•‹’Ž›ƒ††—’–Š‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ǡ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ˜‘–‡•‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡– ‘ ™Šƒ–‘•–’‡‘’Ž‡™ƒ–Ǥ‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ ›•–ƒ†‹‰ƒŽ‘‡–ƒ ‹–•‹†‡ƒŽ•ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ–‹ƒƒ•’‹”ƒ–‹‘–‘”‡ƒ•‘’—”‡Ž›ƒ†—‹ —–ƒ‹–‡†„›ƒ›ƒ”‰—‡–•”‘‘–‡†‹–Š‡’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž‹ˆ‡‡š’‡”‹ –Š‡ Œ—”‘”•Ǥ •‹ ƒ”‰—‡–•ˆ‘”Š‘™ ‘’‡–‹–‹‘ƒ‘‰†‹˜‡”•‡˜‹‡™’‘‹–• ‘– —–‡•–‘’”‘‰”‡••‹Š—ƒ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰Ǥ ‡”–ƒ‹“—‡•–‹‘•ǡ–Š‡”‡™‹ŽŽ„‡ƒ™ƒ›‘ˆ‘„Œ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›˜‡”‹ˆ›‹‰    ͳʹ͹Ǥ‰”‡‡ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ––Š‡ƒ —”ƒ–‡˜‡”†‹ –•Š‘—Ž†„‡ǤŠ‡•‡†‹•ƒ‰”‡‡ Š‹Ž‡™‡•Šƒ”‡ƒ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰‡––‹‰–‘–Š‡Dz”‹‰Š–dz‘”•‘‡‡š–‡”ƒŽǡ‹†‡’‡†‡– ”‹–‡”‹‘ƒ‰ƒ‹•–™Š‹ Š–‘‡ƒ•—”‡– ‹‹‰–Šƒ–„—ŽŽ‡–•™‡”‡ˆ‹”‡†ˆ”‘ƒ ‡”–ƒ‹‰—Ǥ—–‘‘–Š‡” ’‡”•‘™Š‘ˆ‹”‡†–Š‡‰—ƒ –‡†™‹–Š–Š‡‹–‡–‡ ‡••ƒ”›–‘ ‘ ʹͲͳͷȐ ‘‘—”„‡ŠƒŽˆ‹”‡†‡”‹‰˜‡”†‹ –•ǫ ƒ•Žƒ—‰Š–‡”ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•‘‡š–‡”ƒŽ–‡•–‘ˆ™Šƒ–ƒ‡•ƒŒ—”›˜‡ ȋʹͲͲͻȌǤ  ͳʹͻǤ   ͳ͵ͲǤ  –ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‘’’‘•‹‰’‘‹–•‘ˆ˜‹‡™•Šƒ”’‡‡†–Š‡†‡„ƒ–‹‰‹† ”‹ Š‡† –Š‡ ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡• –‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘• ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ’‡”•—ƒ†‹‰’‡”•‘•™Š‘•–ƒ”–‘—–ˆ”‘ „‡ ‹‡†ǡ ƒ† ‰ƒ˜‡ ’‘™‡” –‘ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡š‹•–‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡ –‹˜‡ –”—–Š•ǡ ‘” †‹† Š‡ ‡˜‡”Œ—•–ƒ ‘’”‘‹•‡ƒ‘‰ ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰˜‹‡™•Ǥ •—‰‰‡•– –Šƒ– –”— 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 58 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 58 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 58 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37  Ǥ • –dz    ”‹Ǧ Ǥ   ‡šǦ  About   ͻǣͳͶ Š‡”•Ǥ ƒ––‹Ǧ † ”ƒǦ  ͳ͵ͷ   ”ǡ†‡Ǧ  ƒ•‡ǡ › ƒ†  ™Š‘•‡ ‹–›ƒŽ•‘ Š‹‡˜‡ƒ –‡‹–Š‡ Ǥ ͻͻ͹ǡ ͳͲ͵Ͳ  ‘‡ Ǧ Know ͳ͵͵ more ‘ǡ‹ˆ™‡ —†‡•ƒ†  ‰’‘™‡”ǡ  ǡͳͳͲ     ͳ͵͸ 

 Ǥ ǣ Really  ‡ƒ” Š•Š‘™‹‰–Šƒ–   We  Extremes   Ǧ  Do ǡ to  

Go    Much 

ǡ ͹ͺ  ‡‘–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡†—”‹‰†‡Ž‹„‡”Ǧ •’‘—•ƒŽ‘ˆƒ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”˜‹‡™’‘‹– Žƒ ‡†dzȌǤ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵  ‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ‡•†‡Ž‹„‡”Ǧ ‡”ƒ–‹‘•‘”‡–Š‘”‘—‰ŠȌǤ ‡”‹ Š–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥdz   Groups How ‘”ƒŒ—”›˜‡”†‹ ––‘„‡Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‡Ȃˆ‘”   ͳ͵ʹ  Ƭ Why Research   REVIEW  and   Troubles  LAW    ͳ͵͹  Trouble?   Ǥ Two Theory   KENT Ǧ A.    ͹͹ȂͺͻȋʹͲͳͷȌǤ Science  Deliberative also CHICAGO  see Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Social   ‘–‡ͳ͵Ͷǡƒ–ͳͳͺȂͳͻǤ   ‘–‡ ͳ͹ǡ ƒ– ͳͷ͹ͶȂ͹ͷǤ ‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡• „‡–™‡‡ Dz•‹‰Ž‡Ǧ˜‹‡™’‘‹ of    supra supra   Š‡’‡”•‘•ƒ”‡ ‘ ‘‘‡†‹Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—•‡ Žƒ˜‡•ǡ

‘–‡͵͹ǡƒ–Ͷͳ͹Ǥ  Review   ‘‹–•Š‘—Ž†„‡™‹–ŠŒ—”‹‡•Ǥ †‡ƒŽŽ›ǡ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‡”‹ Š‡•–Š‡ ͳ͵Ͷ ǡ ‡ǡ A ǡƒŽŽ‡™˜Ǥ ‡‘”‰‹ƒǡͶ͵ͷǤǤʹʹ͵ǡʹ͵͵ȋͳͻ͹ͺȌȋ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰–‘”‡•  ǡƒ••Ǥ—•–‡‹ǡ ǡƒ—‡ŽǤ‘‡”•ƬŠ‘‡„‡ǤŽŽ•™‘”–Šǡ ȋ   ͳ supra  ͳ͵ͳ e.g. e.g. e.g. e.g. —•–‡‹ǡ      ƒ–ͷͲǡͷ͵Ȃ͹ͳǤ Juries: Id. See See, See, See, See,    Š‹• ‘‡ –‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒ† †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ –Š‡ Œ—”› ‡ ‡–•–—†‹‡•‘ˆ•‘Ǧ ƒŽŽ‡†Dz‰”‘—’’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘dz‰‹˜‡•‘‡‡’‹ and  ƒ–ͳͷ͹ͶǤ    ƒ–‹‘†›ƒ‹ ƒ†‡†— ƒ–‹‘ƒŽǡ„› ƒŽŽ‹‰‘’‡”•‘•–‘ ‘•‹†‡ ˆ‡†ǡ ‘” ƒ„ƒ†‘ –Š‡‹” •–ƒ”–‹‰ ƒ––‹–—†‡• ™Š‡ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡†‹˜‡”•‹–›‡˜‡”ƒ– Š‡–•—’–Š‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰ǡ„›‰‹˜‹ „› ‘– ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ›—†‡”–Š‡—ƒ‹‘—•˜‡”†‹ –”‡“—‹”‡‡–ǡ–‘ƒ”‰—‡– –Šƒ–’”‘˜‡’‡”•—ƒ•‹˜‡ƒ ”‘••–Š‡‘”ƒŽ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ †‹˜‹†‡•Ǥ ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡDz–Š‡˜‹‡™•‘ˆƒ‘Ǧ†‹˜‡”•‡‰”‘—’Ȅ–Šƒ–‹•ǡƒ‰”‘—’ ‡„‡”• Žƒ”‰‡Ž› •Šƒ”‡ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ‘—–Ž‘‘Ȅ–‡† –‘–”‡‡–Šƒ–Š‡›™‡”‡ƒ––Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥdz „‡ ‘‡ ƒˆƒŽŽ’”‡›–‘–™‘‹•–ƒ‡•ǤŠ‡ˆ‹”•–‹•–ƒ‡‘ —”•‹ˆ–Š‹•

  ͳ͵ͳǤ  ͺͺͶ ‡–’Žƒ ‡•Ǥ ™ƒ– †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† „‡‹‰ ƒ ‘ ƒ•‹‘ ˆ‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹œ‹‰ ”‡‹ˆ‘” ‹‰ –Š‡ — ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡† ƒ ’”‡ ‘ ‡’–‹‘• Œ—”‘”• „”‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ™‡•Š‘—Ž†˜ƒŽ—‡†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘Œ—”‹‡•Ǥ Race ͹ͳǡ ͹ͷȂ͹͸ǡ ͻ͹ǡ ͳͲͳ ȋʹͲͲͲȌǢ  ͳ͵ͷǤ  ͳ͵͸Ǥ  ‘”†ǡ ͳ͵͹Ǥ  ȋʹͲͲ͵Ȍȋˆ‹†‹‰–Šƒ–”ƒ ‹ƒŽ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘‘ Œ—”‹‡•ƒ†‡†‡Ž‹„ ‡‡–‹‰ ƒ†–ƒŽ‹‰ ‘Ž›™‹–Š–Š‘•‡ ™Š‘•Šƒ”‡–Š‡‹”‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ–—†‡•ǡ–Š‡›–‡†–‘”‡‹ˆ‘” ‡ƒ†–‘Šƒ”†‡‘‡ƒ‘–Š‡”ǯ•ƒ––‹– –‘‘˜‡‡„‡”•–‘‡˜‡‘”‡‡š–”‡‡‘”’‘Žƒ”‹œ‡†’‘•‹–‹‘•Ǥ Œ—”›ǯ•‘™Ž‡†‰‡„ƒ•‡ǡƒ•’‡‘’Ž‡ˆ”‘†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–™ƒŽ•‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ƒ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡™‹•†‘–‘‰‡–Š‡”–Šƒ–‘‘‡’‡”•‘Šƒ•ƒŽ‘‡Ǥ‹˜‡”• •‡”˜‡•–‘ Š‡ –Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘•‘ˆ’”‡Œ—†‹ ‡–Šƒ–‹‰Š–Ž—š—”‹ƒ ƒ„•‡ ‡‘ˆ‡„‡”•‘ˆ†‹•’ƒ”ƒ‰‡†‰”‘—’•Ǥ  ͳ͵ʹǤ  ƒŽ ‘ˆ‹”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ –Š‡‘”‡–‹ ƒŽ ‘‡ –‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ †‹˜‡”•‹– †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‹‰”‘—’•ǡDz’”‡Œ—†‹ ‡•‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•™‡”‡ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› ‘—–‡”„ƒ  ͳ͵͵Ǥ  Id.  ͳ͵ͶǤ  ‹•Ž‡••‹’‘”–ƒ––ŠƒŠƒ˜‹‰ƒƒ””ƒ›‘ˆ†‹••‹‹Žƒ”˜‹‡™•–Šƒ– ƒ ‘—–•–Šƒ–‹•‹•––Šƒ–ƒ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡„‡’”‡•‡–ˆ ƒ–‹‘•Ȃˆ”‘Dz—Ž–‹’Ž‡Ǧ˜‹‡™’‘‹–dzƒ ‘—–•–Šƒ–DzŠ‘Ž†–Šƒ––Š‡‡ ‹•–ƒ ‡ƒŒ—”›™‹–Š‘—–ƒ›™‘‡‹‰Š–Žƒ ƒ˜‹–ƒŽ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 58 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 58 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 59 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ǡ of    ‹‰Š– ‹– ‹• †‘ Ǧ Ž‹‡˜‡ ͻǣͳͶ ‡Ž‡•• † ‹Ǧ ‰‹ƒ– ‡’”‡Ǧ  Ǥƒ Š ‡••‘ˆ ‹†‘ˆ ‡–ƒ• ŽŽ•—”Ǧ ‡ „‡•– ŽŽ†‘ Ǧ –‡ƒǯ•  Effects —Ž†„‡Ǥ ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‡– ˆ‘”   „‡Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡”‡’Ǧ  the –Š‡‹”•’‡Ǧ –Šƒ†ǣ–‘  •–Ȍƒ†–Š‡ also  ȋ –Ǥ ͳͻǡ ʹͲͳͲȌǡ  Ǥ see   Ǧ–‡ƒǦƒ’’”‘ƒ ŠǦ  Ǥ Measuring    ͺͺͷ  ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ ™‡ ™ƒ– ǡ   ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡™‡Šƒ˜‡‘ˆ ’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•ǤdzȌǢ –Š‹–Š‡–‡ƒƒ’’”‘ƒ Š  ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡‘†‡Ž ƒ –Š‡‹”–ƒ•ƒ•”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ Discrimination: ͳ͵ͺ  not Patients internal  DEMOCRACY  Jury external  of  perceive Cancer JURY   OF  Ǥ͸͵ǡͳͳ͵ȋͳͻͻ͵ȌȋDzȏ Ȑ—”‘”•ƒ›ǤǤǤ„‡Œ—•–ƒ••—• ‡’–‹Ǧ Review     Benefits   ͳ͵ͻ Ǥ  Ǥ MODELS   ‘–‡ͳ͸ǡƒ–͹ͶǤ  „—–™‡†‘‘––Š‹‹–‹•Ž‹‡Ž›–Šƒ––Š‹•‡š–‡”ƒŽ FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Approach  Postconviction ǡͻʹ ͳͶͲ  supra  .  ǡ Team      Decisions   ȋ  Shows ͳ  Jury  also ƒ › Ǥ‹‰ǡ  on  Study See See   .  š–‡”ƒŽŽ›ǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ™‡Šƒ˜‡‰‘‘†”‡ƒ•‘•–‘ ‘•‹†‡”–Š‡†‡‘Ǧ Race ‘–‡ͳͷǡƒ–ͳͶͲǤ  ͳ͵ͺ •—‰‰‡•–‹‰‡‡†‘– ƒ–‡”–‘•— Šƒ‹•’‡” ‡’–‹‘Ǥ‘•‡‡™Š›ǡ ‡ ‡••ƒ”› –‘ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ Œ—”‘”• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” †—–›ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ•‹ˆ–Š‡›Šƒ˜‡ ‘•–‹–—‡–•–‘”‡’”‡•‡–ǡ‘”ƒ••–ƒ–‹ ‘”ƒŽŽ‡ •’‘‡•’‡”•‘•ˆ‘”–Š‡‹””ƒ ‡‘”•‡š‘”‘–Š‡”†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒ Š‘” Œ—”‘”‹•–‘‡–‡”‹–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘ —•‡†‘–Š‡ ‘”‡–ƒ•ƒ ‘˜‹ –‘Ž›–Š‡–”—Ž›‰—‹Ž–›Ǥ –Š‡Ǥ –‡”ƒŽŽ›ǡ‹•‹†‡–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘ǡ™‡‡˜‡”™ƒ–Œ—”‘”•–‘  ͳͶͲǤ  ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡™‹ŽŽ ‘””—’––Š‡‹–‡”ƒŽ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡‘”ˆ”ƒ‡‘ˆ –Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‰†‘ –‘”•Ǥ˜‡–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡ ‘‡ –‹‘„‡–™‡‡ƒ –‘”ǯ•†‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡‹†‡–‹–›ȋƒ••—”‰‡‘ǡ”ƒ†‹‘Ž‘‰‹•–ǡ‘”‹–‡”‹ †‘ –‘”ǯ•‡†‹ ƒŽ˜‹‡™•‹•„‘—†–‘˜ƒ”›ˆ”‘†‘ –‘”–‘†‘ –‘”ǡ   ʹͲͳͷȐ –‹‘‹•—•‡†–‘‡ ‘—”ƒ‰‡Œ—”‘”•–‘ –Š‡‹”‰”‘—’•‹•‘‡•–ƒ–‹ ‘”Ž‘›ƒŽ™ƒ›Ǥ „Ž‡ƒ•Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‘”•–‘•‹‰ƒŽ•–Šƒ––Š‡›•Š‘—Ž†ƒ –ƒ•”ƒ ‹ƒŽ”‡ ‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‘’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆƒŒ—”›Ǥ—’’‘•‡ƒŠ‘•’‹–ƒŽ‹••‡‡‹‰–Š ‘—”•‡‘ˆ–”‡ƒ–‡–ˆ‘”ƒ ƒ ‡”’ƒ–‹‡–Ǥ‡ƒ›„‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–ƒ –‘”• ‘• ‹‡–‹‘—•Ž›•‡‡–Š‡„‡•––”‡ƒ–‡–ǡ„—–™‡ƒ›‘‡–Š Šƒ˜‡ ‰‘‘† ‰”‘—†• ˆ‘” „‡Ž‹‡˜‹‰ –Šƒ– •—”‰‡‘•ǡ–‡”‹•–•Šƒ˜‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•‘™Šƒ––Š‹•–”‡ƒ–‡–•Š‘ ”ƒ†‹‘Ž‘‰‹•–•ǡ ƒ ‡†‘‘–Šƒ˜‡–‘‰‘–Š‡‡••‡–‹ƒŽ‹•–”‘—–‡ƒ†ƒ‹–ƒ‹–Šƒ–ƒ ‰‡‘•ƒ”‡ ƒŽ‹‡–‘”‡ƒ Š–Š‡ ‘ Ž—•‹‘–Šƒ– ƒ’‡”•‘ǯ••’‡ ‹ƒŽŠƒ• ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡‘‡†‹ ƒŽŒ—†‰‡–•ǤŠ‡Š‘•’‹–ƒŽ –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ ’—– –‘‰‡–Š‡” ƒ –‡ƒ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ –Š”‡‡•‡–‡†Ǥ‡ƒ•–Š‡†‘ –‘”•–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡ƒ†–‘”‡ƒ Šƒƒ‰”‡‡ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ–‹‡• ƒ”‡ ” –‘ –Š‡ „‡•– ‘—”•‡ ‘ˆ –”‡ƒ–‡–Ǥ ‡ †‘ ‡ ‘—”ƒ‰‡• –Š‡ ‡”‡Ž› –‘ •’Ž‹– –Š‡‹” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•ǡ ‘” †‘ ™‡ „‡ –Šƒ––Š‡›™‹ŽŽ•‡‡–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ƒ•”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ ‹ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘Ǣ ‡ƒ Š ‹• ‘ ‡”‡† ™‹–Š ƒ””‹˜‹‰ ƒ– –Š‡ „‡•––Š‡’ƒ–‹‡–Ǥ –”‡ƒ– ”‘–Š‡‡š–‡”ƒŽ’‘‹– ‘ˆ˜‹‡™ǡ™‡–Š‹–Š‡’”‘ ƒ””‹˜‹‰ƒ––Š‡‘•–•‘—†‡†‹ ƒŽŒ—†‰‡–‹•‡Šƒ ‡†„›–Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‡••ǡ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ‡†Ǥ— Ǥ‡†—Ȁ™™™Ȁ‡™•ƒ” Š‹˜‡ȀʹͲͳͲȀ‘ –‘„‡”Ȁ•–—†›Ǧ•Š‘™• „‡‡ˆ‹–•Ǧ ƒ ‡”Ǧ’ƒ–‹‡–• supra  ͳ͵ͻǤ  Juror 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 59 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 59 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 59 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37     ͳͶʹ ‘• Žƒ ‡ –Š‡ ͻǣͳͶ –‹˜‡  ‘”‡’Ǧ †‡Ž‹„Ǧ Ž Œ—†‰Ǧ ‘ˆ‹Ǧ ‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ ‹‡™• ‘„ –Šƒ •–‡‡’Ǧ ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ ǡ—•‹‰ ˆ‹†‡ ‡ —ƒ„‡‹‰ ”—•–ǡ –Š‡ ’‹†‡–‹Ǧ –‹‰–Šƒ– •ƒŽƒ„‡Žˆ‘”–Š‡ Šƒ– Œ—”› †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ —”• ǡ•‘–Š‡Œ—†‹ ‹ƒŽ•›•–‡ƒ••‡Ǧ  ˜‡”›‘‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡• ‰Š–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‡„‡”•ƒ”‡ ’”‡•‡–Ǥdzȋ“—‘–ƒ–‹‘ƒ”•‘‹–Ǧ Ž–Ȅ„‹ƒ•‡† ‹ –Š‡ •‡•‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡› ‘‰ƒ•–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ–†‡’ƒ”Ǧ „Ž‡•ƒ†‹˜‡”•‡–‡ƒ‘ˆ†‘ –‘”•–‘ ͳͶͶ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ’ƒ‡ŽǤ ’”‘†— –‘ˆŠ‹• —Ž–—”ƒŽǡˆƒ‹Ž›ǡƒ† REVIEW  LAW  KENT Ǧ CHICAGO Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ    ǤͻʹǦͷͳ͸ǡƒ–͵ȋͳͻ͹ͳȌȌǤ   ǡ͵ͺ͹ǤǤʹ†ƒ–ͷͳͷȋ—•‹‰–Š‡’Š”ƒ•‡Dz†‹ˆˆ—•‡†‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›dzƒ   ƒ”–• ȋȌǦȋȌǤ ƒ”– ȋȌǤ  ‘‘™‡ƒŽ–Š˜Ǥ‘ƒ”‡•ǡ͵ͺ͹ǤǤʹ†Ͷͻͻǡͷͳͷȋƒ••Ǥͳͻ͹ͻȌȋDz‘Š Ǥ  ȋ  ͳ    Soares also infra infra       Š‡„‡•–™‡ ƒ†‘‹•–‘•‡‡–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡›–Š‹ ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ‹Ǧ ‘„‡•—”‡ǡ™‡‹‰Š–‡š’‡ –ƒ–‹‰Š–‡”ˆ‹–„‡–™‡‡ƒ†‘ –‘”ǯ• ͳͶ͸ See See See See  ͳͶ͵ ͳͶͷ  ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡’ƒ‡Ž•ƒ‹–‘ƒ ‘’Ž‹•Š•‹‹Žƒ”–ƒ••ˆ‘”Œ—Ǧ  ’—––‹‰ ˆ‘”™ƒ”† –Š‹• ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ͳͶͳ ‹•™Š‘ŽŽ›ˆ”‡‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•ƒ†’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•ǡ™Š‹ Šƒ”‡–Š‡ ‘—‹–›‡š’‡”‹‡ ‡ǤdzȌǤ  ͳͶͷǤ–—”‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ›Ž‘”˜Ǥ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡͶͳͻǤǤͷʹʹǡͷʹͻǤ͹ȋͳͻ͹ͷȌȋDz•Ž ”‘•• •‡ –‹‘ƒŽ ‰‘ƒŽǡ „‹ƒ•‡† Œ—”‹‡• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ”‡•— ”‡ˆŽ‡ –ƒ•Žƒ–‡†˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›–Š‡›ƒ”‡•—’’‘•‡†–‘”‡ –‡†Ȍȋ ‹–‹‰Ǥ ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†„ƒŽƒ ‡–Š‡„‹ƒ•‡•‹•‹†‡–Š‡Œ—”›”‘‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ •‘‡ –‘ Š‡  ƒ† –‘ ‘—–‡”ƒ –‘–Š‡”•Ǥ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ–›ƒ†–Š‡•—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡‡†‹ ƒŽŒ—†‰‡–™‡ƒ”‡•‡‡‹‰– ”‡•‡––Šƒ‡š‹•–•„‡–™‡‡ƒŒ—”‘”ǯ•”ƒ ‡‘”•‡šƒ†–Š‡•—„•–ƒ ˜‹‡™•‘–Š‡ ƒ•‡ƒ–Šƒ†Ǥ–‹ŽŽǡ–Š‡‡’‹”‹ ƒŽ‡˜‹†‡ ‡‹•‘— Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ ••— Šƒ•”ƒ ‡ƒ†•‡š†‘‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡•—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡˜ ƒ‘‰Žƒ›’‡”•‘•ƒ†‘–‡š’‡”–•Ǥ—–Œ—•–ƒ•–Š‡Š‘•’‹–ƒŽƒ••‡  ͳͶʹǤ    ͳͶͳǤ  —”› †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”•‡”‹ Š–Š‡‘™Ž‡†‰‡„ƒ•‡ƒ†’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ ƒŽ’ƒ‡Ž ˆ”‘ ‡†‹ ƒŽ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‹„Ž‡•ƒ†‹˜‡”•‡–‡ƒ‘ˆŒ—”‘”•–‘‡”‹ Š–Š‡‘™Ž‡†‰‡„ƒ•‡ƒ† – ͺͺ͸ ”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡’ƒ‡Ž—†‡”™”‹–‡•–Š‡’ƒ–‹‡–ǯ•ƒ†–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ǯ• ‘ ‹–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽŒ—†‰‡–Ǥ ”‘”•Ǥ  ͳͶ͵Ǥ   ͳͶͶǤ  ƒ†™‡ ƒƒ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡–Šƒ–™‹–Š‘—–—†‡” —––‹‰–Š‡–”—•–™‡’ ‹‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŒ—”‘”•–‘”‡ƒ•‘ˆ”‡‡‘ˆƒŽŽ‡‰‹ƒ ‡–‘–Š‡‹”‰”‘—–‹‡•Ǥ †‡‡†ǡ‹”‡‰ƒ”†–‘”ƒ ‡ƒ†‹Ž‹‰Š–‘ˆŠ‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ‹•– ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ •‡‡• Ž‡ƒ” –Šƒ– ”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ› †‹˜‡”•‡ Œ—”‹‡• †‘ ƒ”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—•Œ—”‹‡•†‘‹’—––‹‰”ƒ ‡ƒ•‹†‡ǡ‘”ƒ–Ž‡ƒ „‡––‡” Œ ‹‰”ƒ ‹ƒŽ’”‡Œ—†‹ ‡‹ Š‡ ǡ„‡ˆ‘”‡‰‹˜‹‰—•–Š‡‹”„‡•–Ž‡‰ƒ ‡–Ǥ ’Žƒ ‡‡’Šƒ•‹•‘–Š‡ ‘–”‹„—–‹‘†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ‡•–‘‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡƒ•‡ ‘††ƒ‰‡”ˆ‘”›‘†‡Žƒ”‹•‡•™Š‡’‡”• •›’ƒ–Š‡–‹ –‘–Š‡‘†‡Ž—•‡‹––‘†‹•‹••–Š‡˜‡”›’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›Ǥ  –Š‹• ƒŽ–‡”‡† ‘ ‡’–‹‘ǡ ‘ ‘‡ Œ—”‘”Ž‡ƒ˜‹‰ ‹• †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š› ‡˜‡” ƒ– ƒ –Š‡ Œ—”› ”‘‘ †‘‘”Ǥ  ͳͶ͸Ǥ  ‹†‡ƒ–Šƒ–ƒ™Š‘Ž‡Œ—”›ƒ›„‡ ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›‡˜‡–Š‘—‘–ȌǤ –‡”Ǥ ˆ”‘ƒ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ƒ†‹•„‹ƒ•‡†‹–Š‡•–”‹ –•‡•‡‘ˆ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 59 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 59 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 60 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  Ǧ Ž Ǧ   –‘ See Š‡ ‡†  ‹‘ǡ Front ͻǣͳͶ ǡ ™‹‰ › †‘Ǥ  ‘ǫ  ƒ”‹ Š •Šƒ˜‡ ƒˆˆ‡ –• ™‡˜‡”ǡ ‘††‹‰  ‡–Š‡‘Ǧ  ‡›Ž‡ƒ” ‹Ž‹–›–Šƒ– ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ Process Š‡”‡šƒǦ  Legal  the    —‰—•– ‘ˆ ʹͲͲͶǡ  Deliberations  –‘ ƒ—†‹‘–ƒ’‡ ƒ –—ƒŽ ‹˜‹Ž Œ—”›  ͺͺ͹ ͲͲͶȀͲͺȀ ‘—”–̴–˜ǤŠ–ŽǤ ‡†„›’ƒ••‹‰ƒ–‹Ǧ‡ƒ˜‡•†”‘’’‹‰ Jury  ”‹‹ƒŽŒ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ • ˆ”‘ –Š”‡‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •–ƒ–‡•Ǥ  Deglamorizes  Šƒ”‹‡‹†ƒ‹ƒ‘†Ƭ‡‹Ž‹†ƒ”ǡ  Ǥͳͺͷ͹ǡͳͺ͸͹ȋʹͲͲͳȌǤ ͳͻͺ͸ǡ‹• ‘•‹ ’‡”‹–•–Š‡–‘ƒ Š‹‡˜‡  Actual also  DEMOCRACY   Ǥ  Ǥ see  and JURY   OF  › ‘–”ƒ•–ǡ †‡ˆ‡†–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•ƒ†‡Ǧ ǡͺ͹ –Š‡ —”›‘‘  ͳͶ͹ Topics   ȋ –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ „”‘ƒ† ƒ•– ’”Ǥ ͺǡ ͳͻͺ͸Ȍǡ MODELS ‘–‡͸Ͷǡƒ–š˜Ǣ   Interviews  ‘–‡ͻͶǡƒ–ͳͳͷʹǤͶͶǤ Room Fascinating FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ  supra  ǡ  from Forbidden   supra  ABC’s     on Jury     TV: Ƭ    Data    the ǡ ‡”‡ǡ ȋ  B. ͳ Court  ͳͶͺ e.g.    Ruminations  See, See  Inside  ’’‘”–—‹–‹‡• –‘ ‡šƒ‹‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ ”‡ƒŽ Œ—”‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‡š ‡‡† Š‡ Œ—”› ‘‡ –‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡• ƒ† ‘”‡ƒŽŒ—”‹‡•’”ƒ –‹ ‡–Š‹•‹†‡ƒŽ‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‘–Š‘•‡‘ ƒ•‹‘•™Š‡”‡•–ƒ–‡•Šƒ˜‡’‡”‹––‡†–Š‡”‡Ǧ Š‹•†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘™ Œ—”‹‡•”‡ƒ Š ˜‡”†‹ –•‹‰Š–‘–•‡‡ƒŽ Room   ‹‰Ž›”ƒ”‡Ǥ Jury Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ’„•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ™‰„ŠȀ’ƒ‰‡•Ȁˆ”‘–Ž‹‡Ȁ’”‘‰”ƒ•Ȁ‹ˆ‘ȀͶͳͲǤŠ–ŽǤ ‡™• –‡Ž‡˜‹•‡† ƒ –—ƒŽ ”‹‹ƒŽ Œ—”› †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘• ‹ƒƒ–‡˜‡•ǡ ˆ‹˜‡ –”‹ƒŽ –Šƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––Šƒ›‘†‡Ž‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘ –Š‡ ƒ‡†‡† ˜‡”•‹‘ –ƒ‡• ƒ‹ ƒ– –Š‡ ›–Š‹ ”‡’Žƒ ‹‰‹–™‹–Šƒˆ”ƒƒ ‡’–ƒ ‡–Šƒ––Š‡Œ—”›‹•Œ—•–ƒ‘– ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ– ’Ž‡‘ˆ‹–‡”‡•–‰”‘—’’‘Ž‹–‹ •Ǥ Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡„‘†›Ǥ‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ‘‰Œ—”‘”• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡ ™‹•†‘Ǥ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒŽ•‘ „—––”‡••‡• ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–› „› ’” Œ—”‘”•–‘”‡ƒ••‡••–Š‡‹”‘™’”‡ ‘ ‡’–‹‘•‹Ž‹‰Š–‘ˆ™Šƒ––Š ˆ”‘‘–Š‡”•Ǥ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘†‘‡•‘–ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™–Š‡‘”•‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜ ”‹‡• ‘ˆ †‡‘ ”ƒ › ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” ‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ƒ†‰‡‡”ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•Ǥƒ–Š‡”ǡŒ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘”ƒ‹•‡•–Š‡’‘••‹„ ƒ”‰—‹‰ ‘Ž› ˆ”‘ •Šƒ” •’‡ƒ‹‰ ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ƒ Š‹‡˜‹‰ƒ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ˜‡”†‹ –‹–Š‡‡†Ǥ Ž‹ˆ‡ ‡š’‡”‹‡ ‡• ‹• ƒ –—ƒŽŽ› ‘†— ‹˜‡ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ •‡ –‹‘ǡ  ”‡˜‹‡™ ”‡ ‡– •–—†‹‡• ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡•ƒ‡•–—†‹‡••Š‘™Š‘™†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘‰‘‡•™”‘‰‹– •Š‘™‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ„•‡ ‡‘ˆ†‹˜‡”•‹–›Ǥ  ͳͶ͹Ǥ  ȋ—‰ͳʹǡʹͲͲͶȌǡŠ––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ•Žƒ–‡Ǥ ‘Ȁƒ”–‹ Ž‡•Ȁƒ”–•Ȁ–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘Ȁʹ  ʹͲͳͷȐ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǡ„—–‘‰”‡••ƒ†‘”‡–Šƒ–Š‹”–›•–ƒ–‡•”‡•’‘† •–ƒ–—–‡•Ǥ  ͳͶͺǤ   ͳͻͷͷǡ –Š‡ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ Š‹ ƒ‰‘ —”› ”‘Œ‡ – •‡– ‘—– ’‡”‹––‡†–Š‡—„Ž‹ ”‘ƒ† ƒ•–‹‰‡”˜‹ ‡–‘–‡Ž‡˜‹•‡ƒƒ –—ƒŽ line: ˆ‘—† –Šƒ– †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡• ˜‡”†‹ –• ƒ† –Šƒ–†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ‘•–Ǧ–”‹ƒŽ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•™‹–Šƒ –—ƒŽŒ—”‘”•’”‘˜‹†‡ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ–Š”‡‡•–—†‹‡•Ǥ ‘•‹†‡” –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘ ‘”†‹‰‘ˆŒ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒ ƒ†‡‹ ’—”’‘•‡•ǡ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡” 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 60 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 60 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 60 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37       ͳͷ͹ ‹ ˆ‘”Ǧ ˆ”ƒ‹ ͻǣͳͶ ǯ–‰‡– ȋˆȌ–‘  Arizona ‰–Šƒ– †‡ ‡  ‹’‹‡–• Successes, —Ž†–Š‡ •‹–Š‡  an ƒ—–Š‘”Ǧ •–‘”›Ǥ  ”‹ƒŽǡ’”‘Ǧ ƒ’‡”‹––‹‰ ‡‘’Ž‡˜Ǥ‹ ŠǦ   ‹ Šƒ”†•˜Ǥ‹ Š‹Ǧ  —”‘”•‹–Š‡ See   ǡ Studying ͳͷ͵  ƒ–͹͸͵Ȃ͸ͷȋ”‡˜‹‡™‹‰ ͳͷʹ   –Š‡ ”‡ ‘”†‡† †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒǦ Deliberations:  Ǥ’†ˆǤ denied  Trials:  Jury  ‘–‡ʹǡ  ‘” ‘ Dz‹ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ‡šǦ  cert. — Š ‘–‡– ‘””‘„‘Ǧ Civil –Š‡ƒ––‡”‘ˆ‹˜‹Ž —”› ‹Ž‹‰ Ȍǡ  Real ͳͷͶ   ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ͳͷͷ in supra   During  ‘”†‡”–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡ƒ ‘–”‘Ž  Law”  REVIEW ͳͷͲ  of   ͳͻͻͺǡƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆƒ‡ˆˆ‘”––‘ ʹʹȂʹ͵ȋͳͻͺ͵Ȍȋ•—ƒ”‹œ‹‰–Š‡•–‘”›‘†‡ŽȌǤ „”ƒ•‘ǡ  LAW  ͳͶͻ  Discussions

also    “Kettleful  at KENT  Ǧ see Ǥͳͷ͵͹ȋʹͲͳʹȌǤ ƒ–Ͷ͹Ǥ Juror The       

 Ǥ  Ǥǡ available CHICAGO Ǥ  Ǥ ‘–‡ͳͷʹǡƒ–͵ͻǤ ‘–‡ͳͷʹǡ    Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ „—–ƒ –‹˜‡Ž›‡‰ƒ‰‡†—”‹‰–”‹ƒŽ„›†”ƒ™‹‰‹ˆ‡”Ǧ Ǥͳǡ͵ͻȋʹͲͲ͵ȌǢ  supra supra  ͳͷ͸      , , ǡͳͲ͸

 ǤǤ͵ͻȋˆȌȋͳͻͻͷȌǤ‹ Š‹‰ƒ‹•‘‡•–ƒ–‡–Šƒ–”ƒƒ’‹Ž‘–’”‘‰”  ǤǤ      Š‹”–‡‡ Œ—”‹‡• ™‡”‡ ”ƒ†‘Ž› ƒ••‹‰‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‘–”‘Ž Steps –”‹ƒŽ•–‘†‹• —••–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡’”‹‘”–‘–Š‡ Ž‘•‡‘ˆ–‡•–‹‘›Ǥ    ǡ  ȋ    ͳ ͳͷͳ Ǥ  Ǥ e.g. Next   ƒ–ͶʹǤ  Ǥ ‘” ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ Œ—”› †‹• —••‹‘• ‘ˆ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‹•–”— –‹‘• †—”‹‰ Ǥ   ǡͶͷ Šƒ”‹‡‹†ƒ‹ƒ‘†‡–ƒŽǤǡ Id. Id  See, Id criminal and    ͳǤ ͳͻͻͷǡ”‹œ‘ƒƒ†‘’–‡†ƒ”—Ž‡ Šƒ‰‡–Šƒ–’‡”‹––‡†Œ—”‘”• ‘–‡– ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”•ƒ–‹‘• ‹ –Š‡ Dz‹• —••‹‘dz Œ—”‹‡• Failures,  ͳͷͶǤ  –Š‡”‹œ‘ƒ’”‘Œ‡ –ˆ‹†‹‰•ȌǤ  ͳͷ͵Ǥ ‹ƒ‘†‡–ƒŽǤ  ͳͷͷǤ–‹‘•ǡ•‡‡  ƒ”†•ǡͺͲͻǤǤʹ†ͳͶͺǡͳͷʹȋ‹ ŠǤʹͲͳʹȌȋ‘—‰ǡǤ Ǥǡ ‘ —””‹‰ ‰ƒǡͳ͵͵Ǥ–ǤʹͳͻȋʹͲͳʹȌǤ  ͳͷͲǤ”‘Œ‡ –ǡ”†‡”ͻͺǦͳͲȋ”‹œǤͳͻͻͺȌǡ ŽŽ’ƒ”–‹‡•ƒ†Œ—”‘”•Šƒ†–‘ ‘•‡––‘–Š‡ˆ‹Ž‹‰Ǥ   ͳͷ͹Ǥ  Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥƒœ ‘—”–•Ǥ‰‘˜Ȁ’‘”–ƒŽ•ȀʹʹȀƒ†‘”†‡”Ȁ‘”†‡”•ͻͻȀ’†ˆͻͺȀͻͺͳͲ  ͳͷͳǤ  ”ƒ–‡†Ž‘‰Ǧ•–ƒ†‹‰Š›’‘–Š‡•‡•–Šƒ–DzŒ—”‘”•ƒ”‡‘–’ƒ••‹˜‡”‡ ‘ˆ–”‹ƒŽ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ǡdz •–—†›–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –•‘ˆ–Š‡”—Ž‡ Šƒ‰‡ǡ–Š‡”‹œ‘ƒ—’”‡‡‘—”– ‹œ‡†–Š‡ˆ‹Ž‹‰‘ˆˆ‹ˆ–› ‹˜‹ŽŒ—”›–”‹ƒŽ•Ǥ ‹˜‹Ž–”‹ƒŽ•–‘†‹• —••–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡†—”‹‰–Š‡ ‘—”•‡‘ˆ–Š‡–˜‹†‡† –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ Œ—”‘”• ™‡”‡ ’”‡•‡–Ǥ Šƒ‰‡•dzȋDz ˆ–Š‡ȏ‘–Š‡”Ȑ ƒ”•™‡”˜‡†–‘–Š‡”‹‰Š–ǡ–Š‡Š‘™ ‘ †ƒƒ‰‡Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‘Ž›–‘–Š‡Ž‡ˆ–„—’‡”ǫdzȌǤ ‰”‘—’ǡ –Š‡ —’”‡‡ ‘—”– ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡†—Ž‡ –Š‡ ͵ͻȋˆȌǤ –‡’‘”ƒ”› •—•’‡•‹‘ ‘ˆ •Š‘™‡†–Šƒ–Œ—”‘”••’‡–‘•––‹‡‘Dzˆƒ –‡š Šƒ‰‡•dzȋDz †‹† –Šƒ–•–”ƒ‹‰Š–Ȅ™ƒ•‹–›‡ŽŽ‘™‘”ƒ”‡†Ž‹‰Š–ǫdzȌ   ͳͶͻǤ  ͺͺͺ  ͳͷ͸Ǥ ‹ƒ‘†‡–ƒŽǤ ˆ”‘†‹• —••‹‰–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡™‹–Šƒ›‘‡—–‹Ž–Š‡ Ž‘•‡‘ˆ‡˜‹ȋŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡””‡ˆ‡””‡†–‘ƒ•–Š‡Dz‘‹• —••‹‘dzŒ—”‹‡•ȌǤ ‰”‘—’ ‹ ™Š‹ Š Œ—”‘”• ”‡ ‡‹˜‡† –Š‡ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ†‘‹–‹‘ –‘ ”‡ Œ—”‘”•‹  ͳͷʹǤ Šƒ”‹‡‹†ƒ‹ƒ‘†‡–ƒŽǤǡ Innovation Š‡‰‹˜‡–Š‡‘’’‘”–—‹–›–‘†‹• —••–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡‡˜‡„‡ˆ‘”‡ ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǡŒ—”‘”•„‡‰ƒ™‘”‹‰–‘‰‡–Š‡”‘ ‘•–”— –‹ •–‘”› ƒ† ‘ ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‹‰ ‘‡ ƒ‘–Š‡” –Š”‘—‰Š ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‡šǦ ‡ ‡•–Šƒ–™‹ŽŽ™‡ƒ˜‡–Š‡ˆƒ –•‹–‘ƒ’‡”•—ƒ•‹˜‡ƒ””ƒ–‹˜‡‘” ”‡ƒ‹‹‰–Š‹”–›Ǧ•‡˜‡–”‹ƒŽ•”‡ ‡‹˜‡†’‡”‹••‹‘—†‡”—Ž‡͵ͻ †‹• —••–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡™‹–Šˆ‡ŽŽ‘™Œ—”‘”•ƒ•ƒ‰”‘—’†—”‹‰„”‡ƒ –”‹ƒŽ•ȋŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡””‡ˆ‡””‡†–‘ƒ•–Š‡Dz‹• —••‹‘dzŒ—”‹‡•ȌǤ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 60 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 60 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 61 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37       – is of    An  †•  ‡†‹Ǧ ͻǣͳͶ  ‡ ‡˜‹Ǧ Views  Verdict Cases:   –”‹ƒŽ‘” ƒ††›Ǧ a  ˆ”‘–Š‡ The ƒ–͸ʹͺǤ‹ ‡  –’”‡ˆ‡”Ǧ  Civil ‡Œ—”›–‘‘   Id. in Which  ͳͷͻ  in  ‡Ž•ǡDzŒ—”‘”•”‡’‘”–‡† Jurors  Discussions:  Way  by Ž‹‡™‹•‡ˆ‘—†–Šƒ– † –Š‡‹” ˜‡”†‹ – ’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡  the  Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”• †‡Ǧ  ‡ –Š‡› Šƒ‰‡† –Š‡‹” ‹†•ǡ Trial ͳ͸Ͷ   ͺͺͻ of  ͳ͸ʹ •™‹–Š–Š‡Œ—”‘”•Ǥ ›dz™Š‡–Š‡›Šƒ†–Š‡‘’’‘”–—‹–›  ‡ǡ‡ƒ”Ž›ͻͷΨ‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‹†–Š‡› –Šƒ–†‹• —••‹‘•™‹–Š‘–Š‡”Œ—”‘”• Jury  ˜‹‡™•™‹–Š”‹œ‘ƒ ‹˜‹ŽŒ—”‘”•ǡ•‡‡ • —••‹‘dzƒ†Dz‘‹• —••‹‘dzŒ—”‹‡• Study Formation  ͵ͶͻȋͳͻͻͻȌǤ  Civil A Ǥƒ–͸͵͵ǤͶǤ  Id  ‡ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” DEMOCRACY    ͳ͸͹   Opinion  JURY of ǤǤ    Ǥ Permitting  OF     Timing  Reform Ǥ͸ʹ͹ȋʹͲͲͲȌǤ‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•‹–Š‡•‡–”‹ƒŽ•™‡”‡‘–”‡ ‘”†Ǧ   MODELS The ƒ–͸͵͹Ȃ͵ͺȋ‘–‹‰–Šƒ–™Š‹Ž‡ƒ•—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ—„‡”‘ˆŒ—”‘”• ǡ͵ʹǤ    ǤͷͳͺȋͳͻͶͲȌȌǤ  Jury  id. Ǥ   Ǥ ‘–‡ͳͷʹǡƒ–ͶͺǤ   FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Jurors     also  ͳ͸ͷ   Arizona and   Ǥ   supra Ǥ See   ,  ǡ͸͹ The  ƒ•ƒ’Ž‡‘ˆ–™‡–› ƒ•‡•™Š‡”‡‘‡‘”‘”‡Œ—”‘”•    Judges, ͳ͸ͳ  ǡͷ͵ ȋ  Š‡”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”•ˆ‘—†–Šƒ–†‹• —••‹‘†—”‹‰–”‹ƒŽ‡Ǧ ͳ  ‘’ƒ‹‘•–—†›ǡ„ƒ•‡†‘’‘•–Ǧ–”‹ƒŽ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•™‹–Š Jury  ƒ–ͶͺȂ͸͹Ǥ  ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”• ˆ‘—† Ž‹––Ž‡ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ’”‡ƒ–—”‡ ͳͷͺ  › ‘–”ƒ•–ǡ –Š‡‹” ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡‡• ”‡’‘”–‡† •‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ– •Š‹ˆ–• ‹ ƒ–͹ͳȋ• ‘’ƒ”‡†–‘Œ—”‘”••‡”˜‹‰‘–Š‡Dz‘‹• —••‹‘dz’ƒ ƒ–͸ͷʹǤ ƒ–ͳͳȂͳʹǤ ƒ–͸ʹͺƬǤ͹ȋ ‹–‹‰ ǤǤ‡Ž†ƬǤǤƒœ‹‰ǡ  a Ǥƒ–͸ͷͲȂͷͳǤ Ǥƒ–͸ͷȂ͸͸Ǥ Ǥƒ–Ͷ͹Ǥ  ͳ͸͵ Examination  Id. Id. Id Id. Id. Id. Id Id ͳ͸Ͳ by ͳ͸͸    ”‹œ‘ƒ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”•–‘‘‘–‡‘ˆƒ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”‘ Œ—”›•–—†›–Šƒ ‡ ‘ ‡”ƒ„‘—–’‡”‹––‹‰‡ƒ”Ž›†‹• —••‹‘™ƒ•–Šƒ–‹–‹‰Š– Participants,   ͳͷͻǤ  †‹•‹••‡††‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ•Šƒ˜‹‰Ž‹––Ž‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‘Œ—”‘”•ǯ˜‡”†‹ ‡ ‡•Ǥ Šƒ ‡†–Š‡Œ—”‘”•ǯ‰”ƒ•’‘ˆ‡š’‡”––‡•–‹‘›‹’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ǥ ͳǡ͵ͺͷŒ—”‘”••‡”˜‹‰‹ͳ͹ʹ ‹˜‹Ž–”‹ƒŽ•‹”‹œ‘ƒǡ ‘‹–‡–Ǥ  ͳ͸͹Ǥ  Trial –Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡™ƒ•–Šƒ––Š‡”‹œ‘ƒŒ—”‘”• ƒ‡Dzˆ”‘ƒˆƒ”‘” –Š‡•–—†›ˆ‘—†‘•–ƒ–‹•–‹ ƒŽŽ›•‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹Dz‹ ‹–Š‡–‹‹‰‘ˆ™Š‡Œ—”‘”•„‡‰ƒ–‘ˆ‘”‘’‹‹‘•ƒ†Š‘™‘ˆ– ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”• ‘„‹‡††ƒ–ƒˆ”‘ƒŽŽ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ—”‘”•Ǥ  ͳ͸ͷǤ  ‡†ƒ†”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”•„ƒ•‡†–Š‡‹”ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘’‘•–Ǧ–”‹ƒŽ‹–‡”˜‹‡™   ͳͷͺǤ ‹ƒ‘†‡–ƒŽǤ ʹͲͳͷȐ Šƒ‰‡†Ǥ •‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ–Ž›‰”‡ƒ–‡”‡ƒ•‡‹—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰–Š‡‡š’‡”––‡•–‹‘ –‘†‹• —••–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡†—”‹‰–”‹ƒŽǤȌǤ  ͳ͸ͲǤ  • ”‹„‡†–Š‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•‘–Š‡Dz‹• —••‹‘dz’ƒ‡Ž•ƒ•DzˆŽ—‹† ƒ‹ Ǥdz ‘’‹‹‘• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‰”‘—’ †‹• —••‹‘Ǥ  ͳ͸͸Ǥ  ‡š’”‡••‡†ƒ‘’‹‹‘‘Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›†—”‹‰–”‹ƒŽǡDz„›–Š‡–‹‡–Š ‹–•ˆ‹ƒŽ˜‘–‡ǡŒ—”‘”•‹ͳͳ‘ˆ–Š‡ʹͲ ƒ•‡•ȋͷͷΨȌŠƒ† Šƒ‰‡† ’‘•‹–‹‘ –Š‡› Šƒ† ‡š’”‡••‡† †—”‹‰ –Š‡ –”‹ƒŽǤ „ƒ•‡†‘†‹• —••‹‘•™‹–Š‘–Š‡”Œ—”‘”•†—”‹‰–Š‡ ‘—”•‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥdz Dzƒ •—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ—”‘”• ”‡’‘”–‡† Šƒ‰‹‰ –Š‡‹” ‹ Ž‘  Œ—”‘”• ‹–‘ ƒ ’”‡ƒ–—”‡ †‡ ‹•‹‘ǡ „‡ˆ‘”‡†‡ ‡Ǥ Š‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒŽŽ ‘ˆ –Š  ͳ͸ͳǤ  ”‡’‘”–‡†ˆ‘”‹‰ƒ˜‡”†‹ –’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡„‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡ Ž‘•‡‘ˆ‡˜‹†‡ Šƒ‰‡†–Š‡‹”‘’‹‹‘ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‘ ‡†—”‹‰–”‹ƒŽǤʹͲΨ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹‡† ’”‹‘” –‘ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ‰‡† –Š‡‹” ‹†• ƒ† ‡ƒ”Ž› ͶͲΨ Šƒ‰‡ †—”‹‰ˆ‹ƒŽ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǤȌǤ ‘”ƒ‘–Š‡”ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡” ƒŽ‡”‹‡Ǥ ƒ•‡–ƒŽǤǡ  ͳ͸ʹǤ  Reached  ͳ͸͵Ǥ   ͳ͸ͶǤ ƒ—Žƒ Ǥ ƒƒˆ‘”† ‡– ƒŽǤǡ Empirical 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 61 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 61 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 61 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37    Ǥ of  ”Ǧ   ‹  ͵͹ͳ   ‡•  Ǥ ’‘”Ǧ Racial Ǥ ͻǣͳͶ  ‡”•ƒǦ Ǥ ‡  ‹ƒŽ  of   Analysis   ͷŒ—”‘”• ‹‡ ™‹–Š  ‘–Š‡”  ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡• ȋͷȌ˜‹‡™    Roots ͳ͸ͺ   ͳ͹͸ ”—‰‘ˆˆ‡•‡• ƒ’Š‹  Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•Ǧ the ǡͷ͵  Empirical  at ȌǤ  ȋͶȌ’”‡†‹•’‘•‹Ǧ –‡‘–‰—‹Ž–›‘ƒˆ‹”•– An     White  ͳ͹ͷ   Š‡•‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™• Look is ȋʹȌŠ‘™— Š–Š‡ ͳ͹ͳǡͳͺͻȋʹͲͲͳȌȋŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆǦ –‡†–‘–Š‡Œ—”›ǯ•†‡ ‹•‹‘–‘    Ǥ  ͳ͹ʹ Ǥ ͳ͹͵ ǡʹ Ǥ White:  ‘–‡ͳ͹ʹǡƒ–ʹͲ͵ȂͲͺǤ  Boundaries  †‹˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ‘•‰‡Ž‡•—’‡”‹‘” Closer Victim    ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ‡Ž‡˜ƒ–˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ȌǤ and   A Trials     supra the Ǥ   †‹†‘–ƒ––‡”ȌǤ ǡ Ǥ Ǥƒ–͵͹ͷǤ Racial   Black Id    and ȋ͸Ȍ˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–ƒ•  REVIEW in   Ǥ ƒ– ͵ͻͶ ȋ–Š‡ ƒ’’ƒ”‡– ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ”ƒ ‡ ‹ White ȌǤ  Criminal id  ͳ͹͹ —–Š‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡•–—†›†‡–‡ –‡†ƒ ǡ͵Ǥ in Boundaries:  Crossing Black LAW  and    ˜‡–Šƒ– ‘””‡Žƒ–‹‘„‡–™‡‡”ƒ ‡ ͳ͸ͻ White is   ͳ͹Ͳ Votes  Sentencing KENT and Black Racial   Ǧ   in  First Composition   Black Death  Defendant  in  Crossing Juror CHICAGO the Racial  Š‡•–—†›ǯ•’‘•‹–‹˜‡ˆ‹†‹‰ƒ„‘—––Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Sentencing  ͳ͹ͳ Jury  When  ȋ͵ȌŽ‹‰‡”‹‰†‘—„–•ƒ„‘—–‰—‹Ž–Ǣ   Sentencing and  Death  ͳ͹Ͷ   ƒ†ȋ͹Ȍ‘’‡‡••–‘ ‘•‹†‡”‹‰‹–‹‰ƒ–‹‰ ‹” —Ǧ  Race  Death ȋ  ͳ͹ͺ ͳ Sentencing  ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ Ǥ‘™‡”•‡–ƒŽǤǡ  ƒ–ʹͳͳȂͳ͸Ǥ ƒ–͸ͷͲȂͷͳȋ‘–‹‰–Š‡DzŠ‘‘‰‡‡‘—•ƒ†—”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘‰”  Ǥƒ–ͳͻͻȂʹͲͲǤ Ǥƒ–ʹͳͻȂʹͳǤ Ǥƒ–ͳͷͲ͸ȂͲ͹Ǥ Ǥƒ–͵ͻͺȋˆ‹†‹‰Dz‘‡˜‹†‡ ‡–Šƒ–ƒǤǤŒ—”‘”ǯ•”ƒ ‡‹•”‡Žƒ Ǥƒ–͵ͻͶǡ͵ͻͺȋ„Žƒ Œ—”‘”•‘”‡Ž‹‡Ž›–Šƒ™Š‹–‡Œ—”‘”•–‘˜‘ Jurors’  Id Id Id. Id Id. Id See Id of   Capital   ʹǤ Š‡ ‹– ‘‡• –‘ ”‹‹ƒŽ –”‹ƒŽ•ǡ ’‘•–Ǧ–”‹ƒŽ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ”‡ƒ ͵Ǥ‘–Š‡”•‘—” ‡‘ˆ†ƒ–ƒƒ„‘—–ƒ –—ƒŽŒ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘• ‘‡• in  Role   ͳ͹͸Ǥ   ͳ͹͵Ǥ ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ Ǥ‘™‡”•‡–ƒŽǤǡ –‹‘–‘–Š‹‹‰‘ˆ†‡ƒ–Šƒ•–Š‡‘Ž›ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡•‡–‡ ‡Ǣ  ͳ͹͹Ǥ  •Š‘™‡†’”‘‘— ‡††‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•„‡–™‡‡™Š‹–‡ƒ†„Žƒ Œ—”‘”•†— ‹‰–Š‡•‡–‡ ‹‰’Šƒ•‡‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǡ™‹–Š–Š‡•Šƒ”’‡•–†‹ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‰„Žƒ ƒŽ‡ƒ†™Š‹–‡ƒŽ‡Œ—”‘”•Ǥ‘‰–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ™‡”‡ǣ ȋͳȌ ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡ ”‹‡ ™ƒ• ‘Ž†Ǧ„Ž‘‘†‡†Ǣ the ˜‹ –‹ •—ˆˆ‡”‡†Ǣ ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡‘ˆ”ƒ ‡‘ƒŒ—”‘”ǯ•˜‘–‡‘ƒˆ‹”•–„ƒŽŽ‘–‘Ž›‹† –”‹‡†‹–Š‡‹•–”‹ –‘ˆ‘Ž—„‹ƒǤ ”‡‘”•‡ˆ—ŽǢ –‡”‘™‡”•‡–ƒŽǤǡ ™‘”†•ǡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ǯ• ˆ‘” ‡ ‰”‡™ ™Š‡ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ˆ—‡Ž‡† –Š‡ ‘˜ –‹‘Ǥ   ͳ͸ͺǤ  ͺͻͲ ˜‡”•‡Œ—”›’‘‘Ždz–Šƒ™ƒ•–Š‡ ƒ•‡‹–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”‘ •–—†›Ǥ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘” •‘—” ‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ„‘—– ƒ –—ƒŽ Œ—”›•–—†› ‘’‹Ž‡†‹–‡”˜‹‡™†ƒ–ƒˆ”‘Œ—”‘”•™Š‘Šƒ†•‡”˜‡†‘ ”‹ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘• Œ—”‹‡•‹ˆ‘—”Žƒ”‰‡—”„ƒ ‘—–‹‡•Ǥ ‘ˆ–Š‡†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–ƒ•ƒˆ—–—”‡†ƒ‰‡”Ǣ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ †‹˜‡”•‡ ’ƒ‡Ž• –‘ „”‹†‰‡ ”ƒ ‹ƒŽ †‹˜‹†‡• ‹•™Šƒ–›‘†‡Ž‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘™‘—Ž†’”‡†‹ –Ǥ ‹ Ž ͳͶͻ͹ǡͳͷͲ͹ȂͲͺȋʹͲͲͶȌȋŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡”‘™‡”•‡–ƒŽǤǡ  ͳ͹ͶǤ  ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ’‹–ƒŽ —”›”‘Œ‡ –ǯ•ƒ” Š‹˜‡‘ˆ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•™‹–Šͳǡͳͷ ™Š‘ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡† ‹ ͵ͶͲ †‡ƒ–Š ’‡ƒŽ–› ƒ•‡•Ǥ ƒ† ˜‡”†‹ – ’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡ †‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† Dzƒˆ–‡” Œ—”‘”• Šƒ˜‡ Šƒ† ƒ–—‹–›–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡Ǥdz ‘’  ͳ͹ͺǤ  Bias ȋʹͲͲͶȌǤŠ‡ˆ‘—”Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘•™‡”‡–Š‡”‘šǡǢ–Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽ ‘—”–Ǣƒ”‹ ‘’ƒ‘—–›ȋŠ‘‡‹šȌǢƒ†ƒ•Š‹‰–‘ǡǤǤ –‹ •dz‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–•‹–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”•–—†›ˆ‹†‹‰†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘  ͳ͸ͻǤ –‡’Š‡Ǥ ƒ”˜‡›‡–ƒŽǤǡ  ͳ͹ͷǤ ‘™‡”•‡–ƒŽǤǡ „ƒŽŽ‘– ‹ ƒ †”—‰ ’”‘•‡ —–‹‘ ‹ ƒ•Š‹‰–‘ǡ ǤǤȌǢ ‘–Š‡”Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘•†‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡†™Š‡–Š‡•–—†› ‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†ˆ‘””  ͳ͹ͳǤ ‘˜‹ –ǤdzȌǤ   ͳ͹ʹǤ   ͳ͹ͲǤ  36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 61 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 61 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 62 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37     Ǥ Ǥ Ǧ Ž of in ƒ–    ͹ͳ     Š‡ Im  ‹‡• Ǥ  ‡”•  

Žƒ  Ǥ ͻǣͳͶ Bias ͳ͵͹ǡ Race     ‡”†‹ –   —†›‹‰  the   ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–  Ǥ ‡ƒ‹‡† ƒ˜‡‹”‡ Š‡•–ƒǦ ‘–‡ —”„‹‰–‘    Racial to   ͳͺ͵

ǡͻ͹ ʹͻ  Overwhelming supra  ƒ ™Š‹–‡ Œ—”‘”• –‘   –Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ–™‘  ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡†‡ˆ‡†Ǧ Trials  Response The  ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ”‡ ‡–     ͳͺ͹ —Žƒ–‡ –Š‡ ƒ –—ƒŽ Œ—”› ‡š’‡”‹Ǧ Juror  Capital Treatment, ǡ ͵    Dzƒ„Žƒ ˜‡‹”‡‡Ǧ  ͺͻͳ of ‡›ƒ›„‡„‡––‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‘‹†‡–‹Ǧ Legacy:   ͳͺʹ  ‡ȌǤ ƒ”ƒǤ‹– Š‡ŽŽ‡–ƒŽǤǡ  Study ‘Ž‡›ǡ‹ŽŽ‹ƒǤ—”‹‡”ǡƬƒ”›Ǥ  Carolina Deliberations  Paradigm   Defendant    ’”‘Š‹„‹–‡† ’”‘•‡ —–‘”• ˆ”‘ Stubborn ‘‡”•ƬŽŽ•™‘”–Šǡ   of DEMOCRACY A  ͳͺͳ  North Jury   also  JURY   See Simulation Review Experimental    ƒ–•‘ OF Mock  ͳͺͶ Ǧ  Kentucky An   Jury   ƒ› •–—†‹‡•ǡ ‰‘‹‰ „ƒ  •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ›‡ƒ”•ǡ Post v.   Analytic from the ǤͳͳͺͷǡͳͳͺͺȂͺͻǤͳ͹ǡ ‹–‹‰–‘ƒ›‡‡‹–ƒƬŠƒ”‹‡‹†Ǧ ͳͺͷ Ǧ   MODELS 173    of   in   Meta Ǥ Courtroom:    Ǥ Data FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ A Batson    the C.  Review   of  Selection    Making:  Ǧ ǡʹͲͲͲ Jury  ‘ ‘•‡•—•›‡–‡š‹•–•‘–Š‹•‹••—‡Ǥ  Critical  in Ecology ȋ    A ͳͺ͸ ͳ Š‡•‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•‘†‘—„–‡š’Žƒ‹™Š›†‡ƒ–Š’‡ƒŽ–›”‡ Ǧ ƒ–ͳͻʹȂͻͶȋ†‘ —‡–‹‰ƒDz„Žƒ ƒŽ‡’”‡•‡ ‡dz‘Œ—”‹‡•™Š‡”‡ ƒ–ʹͶͶȂͷͻǤ Decision Ž‡ƒ†‹‰•–—†›‘ˆ†‡ƒ–Š’‡ƒŽ–›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘—†–Šƒ– Race  ƒ– ͳͺͳ ȋDzȏ Ȑ ƒ’‹–ƒŽ ƒ•‡•ǡ „Žƒ • ƒ› „‡ ‘”‡ •›’ƒ–Š‡–‹  –Š   ȋʹͲͳʹȌǤ Ǥƒ–ͳͷͷͶǤ Ǥƒ–͸ʹʹȂʹ͵ȋ ‹–‹‰–‘•–—†‹‡•”‡ƒ Š‹‰‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‘ Ž—•‹‘•‘    ͳ͹ͻ Racial  of ƒ–•‘˜Ǥ‡–— ›ǡͶ͹͸ǤǤ͹ͻǡͺͻȋͳͻͺ͸ȌǤ Id. Id Id Id. Id. Defendants  ͳͺͲ    .  ‹ ‡‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡•–‘•–—†›”‡ƒŽŒ—”‹‡•”‡ƒ‹• ƒ–ǡ”‡•‡ƒ” Š Ž‹‰Š–‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡‘ˆ”ƒ ‡‘ ƒ’‹–ƒŽŒ—”‹‡•ǡ‹–‹•†‹•– Ǥ͸ʹͳȋʹͲͲͷȌǤ Juror The  ͳͺʹ   ”‡Ž›‘‘ Œ—”›•–—†‹‡•Ǥ ‘”‘—”’—”’‘•‡•ǡ‡š’‡”‹‡–•Šƒ˜‡– ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ„‡‹‰ƒ„Ž‡–‘˜ƒ”›Œ—”› ‘’‘•‹–‹‘ƒ•ƒ™ƒ›‘ˆ•– †‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒ† †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ portance Šƒ˜‡–”‹‡†–‘’”‘˜‡‘”†‹•’”‘˜‡ƒŽ‹„‡–™‡‡Œ—”‘””ƒ ‡ƒ†˜ ’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡Ǥ –‹•–‹ ƒŽ•‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ ‡‘ˆ”ƒ ‡‘—•‡‘ˆ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•” Dz”‘„—•–dz‡˜‡ƒˆ–‡””‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”• ‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†ˆ‘”‘–Š‡”˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• –‘—•‡‘ˆ’‡”‡’–‘”› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•Ǥ ƒ ‹ƒ‘†ǡ ‘‡†ƒ–‹‘• ˜ƒ”› •‘ — Š ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”ƒ ‹ƒŽ ‘’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ’‹–ƒ Œ—”‹‡•Ǥ  ͳͺ͵Ǥ ƒ–Š‡”‹‡ Ǥ ”‘••‘ Ƭ ƒ–Š‡”‹‡ ǯ”‹‡ǡ    ͳ͹ͻǤ  „Žƒ ƒŽ‡•‘”‡˜‡‘‡”‡†— ‡†–Š‡Ž‹‡Ž‹Š‘‘†‘ˆƒ†‡ƒ–Š•‡–‡  ͳͷ͵ͳǡͳͷͷ͵ ʹͲͳͷȐ •–ƒ ‡•Ǥ ƒ Š‹‡˜‹‰ ‡˜‡ ‹‹ƒŽ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘”†”ƒƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ› †‡ ”‡ƒ•‡† „Žƒ • –Š‡ ‘ Ž‹‡Ž‹Š‘‘† ƒ’‹–ƒŽ ‘ˆ ƒ Œ—” †‡ˆ‡†ƒ–• ‘˜‹ –‡†‘ˆ‹ŽŽ‹‰ƒ™Š‹–‡Ǥ †‡ƒ–Š •‡–‡ ‡ ˆ‘” „ ȋͳͻ͹ͻȌǤ  ͳͺ͸Ǥ  ‘”ƒ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡•‡•–—†‹‡•ǡ•‡‡ ˆ‹†–Šƒ–ǡ‡˜‡ƒˆ–‡”  ͳͺͶǤ   ͳͺ͹Ǥ  „‡”Šƒ†ʹǤͶͺ–‹‡•–Š‡‘††•‘ˆ„‡‹‰•–”— „›–Š‡•–ƒ–‡ƒ•†‹† ‡„‡”‘ˆƒ‘–Š‡””ƒ ‡dz‹ ƒ’‹–ƒŽ–”‹ƒŽ•‹‘”–Šƒ”‘Ž‹ƒǤ ‹–‹‰ƒ–‹‰‡˜‹†‡ ‡’”‡•‡–‡†„›ƒ„Žƒ †‡ˆ‡†ƒ–™‹–Š™Š‘–Š ˆ›ǤǤǤȌǤ  ͳͺͲǤ  Mock  ͳͺͷǤ‡ ‡Ǥ ‘”†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž–‹‡•‹ ‘•–”— –‹‰‘ Œ—”‹‡•ǡ•‡‡ ‘ŠǤ Š‡ †‹•ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘  Œ—”‹‡• ‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡› ƒ› ‘– •‹ ‘•‡ǡ ƒ–ǯ•”ƒ ‡‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡•Œ—”‘”‘’‹‹‘•‘‰—‹Ž–ȌǤ •–”‹‹‰Œ—”‘”••‘Ž‡Ž›‘ƒ ‘—–‘ˆ–Š‡‹””ƒ ‡ǡ  ͳͺͳǤ  Criminal 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 62 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 62 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 62 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37   Ǧ  ǯ ‹–  An   —• ‰ ͳͻͶ ‹ –   ‡•• ƒ Š   Ǥ –•‘ˆ ͻǣͳͶ ‘Š‘Ǧ „‡”ƒǦ  ‡†‘ Bias:   ‘ˆ‘Ǧ ••‹„‹Ž‹Ǧ ƒ•ƒŽ‹‡–  ”›˜‡”Ǧ Šƒ”‰‡† ‡š’‡”Ǧ   ‹‡Ž›–‘ Ǥ expecta ‹–‹ƒŽ’”‡Ǧ •–„‹ƒ•‹ not Œ—”‘”•‘  Juror   ǡ͹ white White ‘–‡ͺͺǡƒ–͸ͲͳǤ ‘–‡ͺͺǡƒ–͸Ͳ͸ȂͲ͹Ǥ  –Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡‘ˆƒ†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–ǯ• Courtroom supra  ǡ †—”‹‰ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ƒ•‡•™Š‡”‡”ƒ ‡‹•  supra  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵  ǡ Making  American  —–‹–™ƒ•–Š‡ Making REVIEW   the  ͳͻͷ in exchange  Decision   LAW  ‘–‡ʹǡƒ–͹͸ͷȂ͸ͺǤ Decision   Group KENT  Ǧ supra  Group Defendants , and     ‡•— Šƒ‘”•Š‹ˆ–‘ —””‡†ǡ–Š‡™Š‹–‡  and  CHICAGO Black information  ͳͻʹ ͳͻ͵  Diversity ƒ—‡ŽǤ‘‡”•ƬŠ‘‡„‡ǤŽŽ•™‘”–Šǡ Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ   „”ƒ•‘  ͳͻͲ Diversity  against  See also    Racial  See  Racial –‡š–ƒ ‘’ƒ›‹‰‘–‡•ͳͺͻȂͳͻͻǤ Šƒ˜‡”‡˜‹‡™‡†‡Ž•‡™Š‡”‡•‘‡   ȋ  Prejudice  ͳ of infra  Š‡ „‡•– ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‹• ”‡•—Ž– ‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‘•’‡ – ‘ˆ  ƒ– ͸Ͳ͹Ǥ  ‘‡”•ǡ ƒ–͸Ͳ͸Ǥ ƒ–͸ͲͳȂͲ͵Ǥ ƒ–͸Ͳ͵ǡ͸Ͳͷǡ͸Ͳ͸ȂͲ͹Ǥ   Ǥ ‘‡”•˜ƒ”‹‡†–Š‡ ‘’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ‡ƒ Š‘ Œ—”›•‘–Šƒ–ŠƒŽˆ ͳͻͳ  Id. Id See See Id. Id. Id.  ͳͺͻ  •‡ ‘†„‡‡ˆ‹–‘ˆ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘‘‡”•ǯ‘ Œ—”‹‡•™ƒ•–Šƒ– ʹͲͲͷǡ‘‡”•’ƒ”–‡”‡†™‹–ŠƒŽ‘ ƒŽ–”‹ƒŽŒ—†‰‡‹”‡ ”—‹–‹ ‘‡”• ‘ ‡–”ƒ–‡† ‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡• ‹ –Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘” ‘ˆ ™Š‹–‡ ͳͺͺ ‘ˆ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‰‘ƒ‹š‡†’ƒ‡Ž‹‰Š– Šƒ‰‡–Š‡‹‹–‹ƒŽ˜‡”† ǤʹͲͳǡʹͳ͹ȋʹͲͲͳȌȋ‘–‹‰–Šƒ–™Š‹–‡Œ—”‘”„‹ƒ•‹•‰”‡ƒ–‡”‹   ͳͻͲǤ   ͳͻͶǤ  ‡„‡”•ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ –—ƒŽŒ—”›’‘‘Ž–‘•‡”˜‡ƒ•‘ Œ—”‘”•‹ƒ ‹‡–†‡•‹‰‡†–‘•–—†›–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –•‘ˆ”ƒ ‹ƒŽ ‘’‘•‹–‹‘‘Œ— †‹ –•Ǥ Ƭ  ͳͲͳͲȋ ‘ Ž—†‹‰–Šƒ–Dz‘ ‘•‡•—•Šƒ•„‡‡”‡ƒ Š‡†”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ”ƒ ‡‘Š‹–‡‘ Œ—”‘”•dzȌǤ  ͳͺͺǤ  ͺͻʹ •–—†‹‡•„›’•› Š‘Ž‘‰‹•–ƒ—‡Ž‘‡”•’”‘˜‹†‡–Š‡•–”‘‰‡•–‘ Œ—”‘”‡˜‹†‡ ‡–‘†ƒ–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡‘ˆ”ƒ ‡‘„‘–Š–Š‡‹ ‘ ‡’–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Œ—”‘”• ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ ‘–‹‘Ǥ –Š‡ ‘—”•‡ ‘ˆ †‡Ž‹ ‡”•ǯ‡š’‡”‹‡–ƒŽ†ƒ–ƒǤ ™‡”‡ƒŽŽ™Š‹–‡ƒ†ŠƒŽˆŠƒ†ˆ‘—”™Š‹–‡ƒ†–™‘„Žƒ ‡„‡”•Ǥ ’ƒ‡Ž™ƒ– Š‡†ƒ˜‹†‡‘•—ƒ”›‘ˆƒ–”‹ƒŽ‘ˆƒ„Žƒ †‡ˆ‡†ƒ– ™‹–Š•‡š—ƒŽƒ••ƒ—Ž–Ǥ  ͳͺͻǤ   ͳͻͳǤ  Œ—”‘”• ‘ ‹š‡† ’ƒ‡Ž• ’ƒ”•‡† –Š‡ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ™‹–Š ‘”‡„‹ƒ•ǡƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ƒ•‡ƒ•—”‡†‹–‡”•‘ˆ†‡‘•–”ƒ„Ž‡‹••–ƒ–‡‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ† Ž ˆƒ –‘”ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡•‘ˆ”‡ ƒŽŽǤ •‡š’‡ –‡†ǡ„Žƒ Œ—”‘”•ƒ†‡”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•–‘‹••—‡•–Šƒ–’—–’‘ –‹‡•‘ˆ„‹ƒ•‘–Š‡–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”†‹• —••‹‘Ǥ ‡”‹ Š‡† ƒ† ‡Žƒ”‰‡† ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ™Š‹–‡Œ—”‘”•Ǥ •‹––‹‰‘ƒ”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›†‹˜‡”•‡’ƒ‡Ž–”‹‰‰‡”‡†„ƒ•‹ ‘”•ƒ‰ƒ‹ ‹••—‡‹–Š‡ ƒ•‡ȌǤ  ͳͻ͵Ǥ ‘‡”•ǡ  ͳͻͷǤ   ͳͻʹǤ  tion ’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–•ǡ‘‡”• ‘ˆ‹”‡†–Šƒ–™Š‹–‡•’Žƒ †‹˜‡”•‡’ƒ‡Ž•™‡”‡ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›ǡ‡˜‡’”‹‘”–‘†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ǡŽ‡••Ž ˆ‘” ƒ ‹‹–‹ƒŽ ‰—‹Ž–› ’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡ –Šƒ ™‡”‡’ƒ‡Ž•Ǥ ™Š‹–‡• ‘ Š‘‘‰‡‡‘ ȋƒŒ‘”‹–›ȌŒ—”‘”•™Š‡–Š‡›™‡”‡’Žƒ ‡†‘†‹˜‡”•‡ƒ•‘’’‘•‡†– ‘‰‡‡‘—•Œ—”‹‡•Ǥ‘”‹‰ˆ”‘ƒŠ›’‘–Š‡•‹•–Šƒ––Š‡‡”‡ Investigation 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 62 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 62 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 63 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  • ›  ”Ǧ  • ƒ Bias, ”‡† •‘ˆ ‘Ǧ  ͻǣͳͶ ‡ƒ–‡” ‘‡ǯ•  ͵ͲǤͶͺ ‡Ǧ ‘–‹Ǧ –†‡ ‹Ǧ ’‹‡ ‡• —–‡• ‘”‘—‰Š ‹‰†‹ˆǦ ˆ‘” ƒ› Ž‹ ‡„‡Ǧ —––Š‡•‡ Ž‡ˆ–ˆ‡™‡” Implicit  Equality: ǡ‘˜Ǥ͵ͲǡʹͲͳͶǡƒ–ͳǤ      ͺͻ͵  Racial Š‡‘ Œ—”›•–—†‹‡•   ͳͻͻ ǤǤ ʹͲʹ ͳͻ͹  ǡ Forgotten DEMOCRACY  Ferguson?  JURY  After Ǥ Ǥ͵ͶͷǡͶͳͶȂͳͷȋʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ  OF  Go   We   ‹˜‡”•‡ ‰”‘—’• †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‡† Ž‘‰‡” ȋͷͲǤ͸͹ ǡͷ͹ Do MODELS   ͳͻͺ Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‘–‡†–Šƒ–Dzȏ„ȐŽƒ ƒ†™Š‹–‡’‡‘Ǧ  —•–‹ Ǥ ‡˜‹•‘ǡ FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Where ʹͲͳ also  Š‹–‡Œ—”‘”••‡”˜‹‰‘”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›‹š‡†’ƒ‡Ž•™‡”‡   see ͳͻ͸   Misremembering  ‘–‡ͻ͹Ǥ   ȋ –‘‹‹–‹ƒ–‡ ‘˜‡”•ƒ–‹‘•ƒ„‘—–™Š‡–Š‡”‡š–”ƒ‡‘—•”ƒ ‹ƒŽ  and  ͳ supra  ”‡‡™‡†ƒƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†ƒ–‡ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ–‘‡ ‘‡–ƒ–‘” ƒŽŽ‡†     ƒ– –„ŽǤʹǢ Ǥ them Id See Id. Id. Id. Id. ʹͲͲ   ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡ–Š‡‡”‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ–™‘ˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒŒ—”‘”  Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š › –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‘‡”• –Š‡”‡ƒŽ™‘”Ž†ǡ–Š‡•Š‘‘–‹‰†‡ƒ–Š‘ˆƒ—ƒ”‡†„Žƒ ƒ„  ʹͲͳǤ ‹ Šƒ‡Ž”‹ ›•‘ǡ ”‡˜‹‡™‡†‹–Š‹••‡ –‹‘•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ–„Žƒ ƒ†™Š‹–‡Œ—”‘”•„” ˆ‡”‡–„—–”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•–‘„‡ƒ”‘Œ—”›†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ •–—†‹‡•ƒŽ•‘•Š‘™–Šƒ–†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ƒ”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›†‹˜‡”•‡’ƒ‡Ž –Š‡”ƒ ‹ƒŽ‡ˆˆ‡ –ˆ‘”–Š‡„‡––‡”Ǥ  ʹͲʹǤ  –Š‡‘•–Ž‹‡Ž›–‘„”‹‰—’ ‘ ‡”•ƒ„‘—–”ƒ ‹ƒŽ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‹‰ǡ’‘ Šƒ˜‹‘”ǡ‘”’”‡Œ—†‹ ‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•–„Žƒ †‡ˆ‡†ƒ–•Ǥ   ͳͻ͸Ǥ  ʹͲͳͷȐ †‹˜‡”•‡ ’ƒ‡Ž• ™Š‘ ™‡”‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––Šƒ™Šƒ––Š‡›™‡”‡‘–Š‡Š‘ ƒ‹‰ ‡š Šƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘ ‰‡‡‘—•’ƒ‡Ž•Ǥ ‹—–‡• ‘’ƒ”‡†–‘͵ͺǤͶͻ‹—–‡•Ȍǡ†‹• —••‡†‘”‡ ƒ•‡ˆƒ –•ȋ –‘ʹͷǤͻ͵Ȍǡ ‘‹––‡†Ž‡••ˆƒ –—ƒŽ‹ƒ —”ƒ ‹‡•ȋͶǤͳͶ–‘͹ǤʹͺȌǡ ‹ƒ —”ƒ–‡•–ƒ–‡‡–•— ‘””‡ –‡†ȋͳǤ͵͸–‘ʹǤͶͻȌǡ ‹–‡†–‘‘”‡ ‘ˆ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ –Š‡› ‘•‹†‡”‡† ‹••‹‰ ȋͳǤͺ͹ –‘—„‡”‘ˆ”ƒ ‡Ǧ”‡Žƒ–‡†‹••—‡•ȋ͵Ǥ͹ͻ–‘ʹǤͲ͹Ȍǡƒ†‡‘”‡‡–‹‘ ͳǤͲ͹Ȍǡ ”ƒ‹•‡† ƒ ‰” ”ƒ ‹•ȋͳǤ͵ͷ–‘ͲǤͻ͵Ȍǡƒ†Šƒ†ˆ‡™‡”‘„Œ‡ –‹‘•™Š‡”ƒ ‹•™ƒ• –‹‘‡†ƒ•”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–ȋʹʹΨ‘ˆ–Š‡–‹‡–‘ͳͲͲΨȌǤ  ʹͲͲǤ  –Š‡Dz’Š›•‹ •‘ˆ”ƒ ‡Ǥdz ’Ž‡ ”ƒ”‡Ž› ˜‹‡™ ”ƒ ‡ ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ™ƒ›dz ƒ† –Šƒ– Dz‘‡ǯ• —Ž–—”‡ǡ ‡š’‡”‹‡ ‡•ǡ‘‡ǯ•ˆ‡ƒ”•ƒ†ˆƒ–ƒ•‹‡•dz Šƒ‰‡Š‘™‘‡’‡” ‡‹˜‡ ™Š‹–‡’‘Ž‹ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‡” ‘ˆ”‘–‹‰ƒ„Žƒ ƒǤ ‘ƒ•‹šǦ’‡”•‘’ƒ‡Ž–”ƒ•ˆ‘”‡†–Š‡„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”‘ˆ™Š‹–‡Œ—”‘”•ǡ ˜ƒ–‹‰ ˆƒ –‘”•Šƒ†–ƒ‹–‡†–Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡Ǥ ˆ‘—†–Šƒ–†‹• —••‹‘•‹”ƒ ‹ƒŽŽ›†‹˜‡”•‡‰”‘—’•™‡”‡Dz‘”‡–Š ƒ† ‘’‡–‡–dz–Šƒ†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘•‹Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—•‘‡•ǡƒ•‡ƒ•— ‹ƒ›—„‡”‘ˆ™ƒ›•Ǥ  ͳͻ͹Ǥ  ƒ™Š‹–‡’‘Ž‹ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”‹ ‡”‰—•‘ǡ‹••‘—”‹ǡƒ†–Š‡•—„•‡“—‡ •‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—–› ‰”ƒ† Œ—”› ‘– –‘ ”‹‡ǡ ‹†‹ – –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹ ‡ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”  ͳͻͺǤ   ͳͻͻǤ  Decisonmaking, 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 63 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 63 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 63 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37    Ǧ   on ‘  ‡”  ʹͳͲ ‡Ǥ ’‘‘” Ž‹•–• Œ—”› ͻǣͳͶ  –”‹ƒŽ ‡’”‡Ǧ  ”†‹‰ ƒ †‘ •–ƒ Ž‡• ʹͲ͹ Lessons ƒ‡•ǡ Ǥ ‹ –•–Šƒ–  ‘–•—”Ǧ  ʹͲͻ Some  ‹ƒŽ‘’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ ‘–Šƒ˜‡ƒ•‹‰Ž‡ˆ”‹ ƒǦ Courts:  the  Deliberation  –Š‡Œ—†‰‡™ƒ•‘–•—”Ǧ and ƒ••ǤʹͲͲͷȌǤ  Ǥͻͳͳǡͻͳ͸ȂͻʹͲǤ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ •–”‹ –‘—”–ˆ‘”–Š‡‹•–”‹ –‘ˆƒ•Ǧ ʹͲͷ    ‘ŽŽ‡ƒ‰—‡•ƒ† Šƒ˜‡†‘ Ǧ Race, Ǥ   Ǥ ʹͳ͵  REVIEW    Ǥ Data,  LAW  Representative  KENT to Ǧ  ǡʹͲͳͳ  ƒ† ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” ’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘Ǧ•Š‘™• —– •Š‡ ™ƒ• ’—œœŽ‡† „› –Š‡ ˜‹”–—ƒŽ ʹͳʹ  Cases —”•—ƒ––‘ ‡†‡”ƒŽ—Ž‡‘ˆ˜‹†‡ ‡͹Ͳ͸ǡ    ƒ †‹˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‹•–”‹ – ™Š‡”‡ ˆ”‹ ƒǦ ‘–‡ʹͲͺǡƒ–͵ͺȂͶͳǤ ʹͲ͸  CHICAGO ʹͲ͵ ʹͲͶ Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ Obstacles  ƒ–͵͸Ǥ  supra  ǡ͵ͺͻ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ʹͻȋ‘Ǥ ǤͲʹȂͳͲ͵ͲͳȂ ȌȋŠ‡”‡‹ƒˆ–‡”„”ƒ•   The   Representation  D. Green    Jury ȋ   ͵ͺͻ Ǥ—’’Ǥ  ƒ–ͶʹȂͶͶǤ ͳ ǡ ƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡‘ˆŒ—”›•—‘•‡•„‡‹‰”‡–—”‡†ƒ• ‡ˆˆ”‡›„”ƒ•‘ǡ‡’‘”–‘–Š‡‡ˆ‡†ƒ–•ǯŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡–‘–Š‡ƒ id.  ƒ”›Ǥ‘•‡Ƭ ‡ˆˆ”‡›Ǥ„”ƒ•‘ǡ  ƒ–ͷͷȋDzȏȐŠ‡˜ƒ•–ƒŒ‘”‹–›‘ˆƒ•–‡”ȏ‹˜‹•‹‘ȐŒ—”‹‡•™‹ŽŽ ƒ–ͶͳȂͶʹǤ ƒ–ͷͻǤ   from Ǥƒ–͵ͻǤ Ǥƒ–ͶͳǤ   ‘‡ ‘„•–ƒ Ž‡• ™‡”‡ ’‡ —Ž‹ƒ” –‘ ƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––•ǡ ™Š‹ Š ”‡Ž‹‡† ʹͳͳ See Id Green Id. Id See Id. Id. See    ʹͲͺ  ›”‡’‘”–ǡ ˆ‘—†–Šƒ–ƒ—„‡”‘ˆˆƒ –‘”• ‘„‹‡†–‘ƒ Ǧ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ ‘„•–ƒ Ž‡• –‘ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ”‡ƒ‹Ǥ ‡”‹ ƒ•ƒ†‡—’‘Ž›ƒ„‘—–•‡˜‡’‡” ‡–‘ˆ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‘˜ͳͺ›‡ƒ”•‘ˆƒ‰‡ƒ ‘”†‹‰–‘‡•—•ˆ‹‰—”‡•ǡ  ʹͳʹǤ „”ƒ•‘‡’‘”–ǡ ʹͳ͵Ǥ  ’”‹•‹‰Ž›ǡ•ƒŽŽ‡”ƒ†™‡ƒŽ–Š‹‡”•—„—”„• ‘’‹Ž‡†‘”‡ƒ —”ƒ–‡ –Šƒ†‹†Žƒ”‰‡—”„ƒƒ”‡ƒ•ǡ™Š‡”‡–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘™ƒ•‘”‡‘„‹Ž ‡’‘”–ȌǤ   ʹͲ͵Ǥ ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•Ǥ˜Ǥ ”‡‡ǡ͵ͺͻ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ʹͻǡ͵ͷȂ͵͸ȋǤ ʹͲͶǤ  ͺͻͶ –Š‡‹”Œ—”›•—‘•‡•–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ƒ‹ŽǤ ˆ”‘ ’‡”•‘• ‹ –Š‘•‡ •ƒ‡ œ‹’ ‘†‡• ™Š‘ ’”‡•—ƒ„Ž› †‹† ”‡ ‡‹˜‡ ‘ˆŽƒ™‡†Ž‘ ƒŽ–‘™Ž‹•–•ƒ•ƒ•‘—” ‡‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ƒ‡•Ǥ ’‘‘ŽǤ ‘—–ˆ‘”–Š‡†‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡‘ˆˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒŒ—”‘”•ˆ”‘–Š‡ –Š‡ ’”‡•‹†‹‰ –”‹ƒŽ Œ—†‰‡ ƒ’’‘‹–‡† ‡ –‘ ƒ†˜‹•‡ –Š‡–Š‡ ‘—”– †‡ˆ‡•‡ ”‡‰ƒ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡Ǥ  ʹͲͻǤ   ʹͳͲǤ  –Š‡”‘„•–ƒ Ž‡•ǡ Šƒ˜‡•‹ ‡ˆ‘—†ǡ‘ —”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǤŠ‡•‡‘„ ‹ Ž—†‡ǣ’”‡†‹ –ƒ„Ž‡—†‡””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹‘”‹–‹‡•‹†‹•–” —•‡ –Š‡ ˜‘–‡” ”‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ Ž‹•– ƒ• ƒ ‡š Ž—•‹˜‡‰‹˜‡ •‘—” ‡ –Šƒ– ‘ˆ Œ—”‘” ‹‘”‹–‹‡• ”‡‰‹•–‡” –‘ ˜‘–‡™Š‹–‡•Ǣ ‹ Ž‡••‡” ’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡• –Š ’”‹•‡†–Šƒ––Š‡”‡™‡”‡ˆ‡™ˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒ•ƒ‘‰–Š‘•‡™Š‘ƒ’ ’‡ƒ”‡†ˆ‘”Œ—”›†—–›Ǥ Dz—†‡Ž‹˜‡”ƒ„Ž‡ƒ‹Ždz™Š‡•‡––‘œ‹’ ‘†‡•™‹–Š’”‡†‘‹ƒ–Ž› ƒ† ‹‘”‹–› ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•Ǣ ʹͲͲͷǡ†‡ˆ‡†ƒ–•‹ƒ ƒ’‹–ƒŽ—”†‡” ƒ•‡ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡†–Š‡—†‡”” •‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒ• ‹ –Š‡ Œ—”› ‘—”– ’‘‘Ž• ‹ ‘ˆ ƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––•Ǥ –Š‡ ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ †‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡‘ˆˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒ•‹Œ—”›’‘‘Žƒˆ–‡”Œ—”›’‘‘Ž  ʹͲͷǤ   ʹͳͳǤ   ʹͲ͸Ǥ  Empiricism –Š‡ —”›Š‡‡Ž•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ•–‡”‹˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•‹ •ƒ Š—•‡––•ƒ–ͳȂ͸ͺǡ  ʹͲ͹Ǥ  ‡”‹ ƒ‡„‡”ǤdzȌǤ  ʹͲͺǤ  36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 63 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 63 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 64 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37  ǡ Ǧ   ‘ˆ ‹ Œ‡ –Ǧ ‡ƒ” —Ǧ Regis  ͻǣͳͶ š–‡–  ƒŽˆ–Š‡ ‘–•—„Ǧ Ǥͳͺȋͳͳ–Š ˜‘–‡‘” ‡Ž‡ –‹‘  Ž‘”‹†ƒǡ –‘ˆ–Š‡ Voter  ƒˆ‹˜‡’‡”Ǧ of  ǡͷͻͻǤǤƒ–͵͵Ͳ Use   ‡†‡”ƒŽŒ—†‰‡• the  ˜‹‰–Šƒ–‘–Š‡” ‹” —‹–• ʹͳ͹ Berghuis and  ȋ„ȌȋʹȌȋ‡•–ʹͲͳͶȌȋ”‡“—‹”‹‰ Ͳ͸ȌǢ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‹‘—šǡͻ͹ ‹˜‡ ‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›–‡•–ǡ –› ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‹• Ž‡•• –Šƒ –‡ ǡʹͲͳͳͳͳͳͻͲ͸͵ǡƒ–ȗ͵ȂͶ  ͺͻͷ ‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡ †‹•’ƒ”‹–› –‡•–Ǥ ‹••—‡ǡ–Š‡—’”‡‡‘—”–”‡ˆ—•‡† †‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ ‡‘ˆ‹‘”‹–›‰”‘—’ ͹ͶǡͳͲ͹ͺȂ͹ͻȋͳͳ–Š‹”ǤͳͻͻͷȌȋ‹Ǧ —Ž‡Šƒ•‡‡”‰‡†–Šƒ–”‡“—‹”‡•—Ǧ ƒ”‹–›”—Ž‡Ǥ ••‹–ȌǤ  ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡—•–„‡”‡Œ‡ –‡†ǤȋƒŽ–‡”ƒǦ ȋDz†‡”„Žƒ Ž‡––‡”Ž‡˜‡–Š‹” —‹– ‘ ‘•–”— –ƒƒ•–‡”Ž‹•––Šƒ–‹•ƒˆƒ‹” •‘ˆŒ—”‘”ƒ‡•ȌǤ ••ǡdz–Š‡†‡’ƒ”–—”‡ˆ”‘‡š’‡ –‡†Ž‡˜‡Ž• DEMOCRACY  Representativeness  JURY   OF  Source  ‡”‰Š—‹•˜Ǥ‹–ŠǡͷͷͻǤǤ͵ͳͶǡ͵͵ͲǤͶȋʹͲͳͲȌȋ‡Ǧ ʹͳͻ  Jury also  ‘–‡ʹͳͳǡƒ–ͻͳ͸ǦͷͶǤ ʹͳͶ  ƒŒ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘™Š‡”‡ƒ‹‘”‹–›‰”‘—’‹• MODELS see  ʹͳ͸ supra FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ ͷͻͲȋͳͻͻͲȌȋŽ‹•–‘ˆ‘˜‡”ͳͲͲ ƒ•‡•™Š‡”‡ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ ‘—”–•Šƒ˜‡”‡  Ǥ ‘–‡ʹͳͳǡƒ–ͻͳͺȂͳͻǤ   –Š‡ƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––• ƒ•‡ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ–Š‡–”‹ƒŽŒ—†‰‡  ‘”–Šƒ––Š‡›ƒ”‡‘––Š‡•–ƒ–‡ǯ•ˆƒ—Ž–ǡ„—–”ƒ–Š‡”ˆŽ‘™    ǡͳ͹Ͷ Ǥ͵†ƒ–ͳͲȂͳͳǢ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‡’‡ǡ͹Ͷ͹ Ǥʹ†͸͵ʹǡ͸Ͷͻ supra Ǥ ʹʹͲ   ʹͳͺ   Royal ǡ ȋ  ǤǤǤ  ͳ e.g. ‘•‡Ƭ„”ƒ•‘ǡ   ›–Š‹ƒǤ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ•ǡ‘–‡ǡ ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ‘›ƒŽǡͳ͹Ͷ Ǥ͵†ͳǡͺȂͻȋͳ•–‹”ǤͳͻͻͻȌȋ‘„•‡” ǡ͸ͷ See See See See, ‘„‡‰‹™‹–Šǡ–Š‡•‡Œ—†‰‡•–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›—•‡ƒ•–ƒ–‹•–‹ ƒŽ‡–Š‘†  Lists   ‘”ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽŒ—”‹‡•ǡ–Š‡ —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –ƒ‡• Ž ‡–ǡˆ‡†‡”ƒŽŒ—†‰‡•ƒ”‡”‡ƒ”ƒ„Ž›Ž‘ƒ–Š–‘ˆ‹†–Šƒ–‹‘”‹–› ʹͳͷ tration –Šƒ– ‡˜‡ ‘†‹• ”‹‹ƒ–‘”› Œ—”› Šƒ‰‡† ‹ˆ •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ –Š‡› •›•–‡ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ› ’”‘ ‡†—”‡• —†‡””‡’”‡•‡– ‘‰‹œƒ„Ž‡ •Š‘—Ž†–Š‡ ‰”‘—’• ‘—‹–›Ǥ „‡ –Š‡ˆ‹†–Šƒ–†‡’ƒ”–—”‡•ˆ”‘ˆƒ‹””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡‡‹–Š‡” •–ƒ–‹ƒŽ‡‘—‰Š  ʹͳͶǤ   ʹͲͳͷȐ —‡–‡†’”‘„Ž‡•Ž‹‡–Š‡•‡‹ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ†‹•–”‹ –•‹ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹ƒǡ ŽŽ‹‘‹•ǡƒ†ƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––•Ǥ  ʹͳͷǤ  ˆ”‘ƒƒŽŽ‡‰‡†—™‹ŽŽ‹‰‡••‘ˆ‹‘”‹–›Œ—”‘”•–‘”‡‰‹•–‡”–‘ –‘”‡•’‘†–‘–Š‡‹”•—‘•‡•Ǥ —•‡–Š‡ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›‡–Š‘†ȌǢ ‘™ƒ•ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›ǡ–Šƒ–•‡˜‡”‡Ž›—†‡”‡•–‹ƒ–‡•–Š‡‡ ‘ˆ—†‡””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡† ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•–‘–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡˜‘–‡”Ž‹•–•ƒ•‡š Ž—•‹˜‡•‘—” ‡  ʹͳ͸Ǥ  –‡’‡” ‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Œ—”›Ǧ‡Ž‹‰‹„Ž‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘„—–‘Ž›ˆ‹˜‡’‡” ‡ ƒ –—ƒŽŒ—”›’‘‘Ž•ǡ–Š‡ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›–‡•– ƒŽ —Žƒ–‡•‘Ž› ‡–Ž‘••‹‹‘”‹–›”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ȋͳͲǦͷȌǡ‡˜‡–Š‘—‰Š‘Ž›Š ‡š’‡ –‡†‹‘”‹–›Œ—”‘”•ƒ”‡‹–Š‡Œ—”›’‘‘Ž•ȋͷȀͳͲȌǤ †‡””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ˜‹‘Žƒ–‡• ‡‹–Š‡” –Š‡ ‹š–Š ‡†‡– ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡ ƒ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŒ—”›‘”•–ƒ–—–‘”›’”‘˜‹•‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ —”›  –Ǥ  ʹͳͺǤ  •‡‡‘•‡Ƭ„”ƒ•‘ǡ –‹‘‹‰–Š‡ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›•–ƒ†ƒ”†ǡ„—–†‡ Ž‹‹‰–‘ƒ††”‡  ʹͳ͹Ǥ  ‘”ƒ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›ƒ†ƒƒŽ–‡”ƒ– ‹”ǤͳͻͺͶȌǢ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ ‡”ƒ†‡œǦ•–”ƒ†ƒǡ‘ǤͳͲ ”Ͳͷͷͺ ȋǤǤƒŽǤƒ”ǤʹͷǡʹͲͳͳȌǤ ƒ›Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘•ǡƒ‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ”†‡””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ –‘ „‡ „› ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– –‡ ’‡” ‡–ǡ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ”‹––ǡͶͷͺ Ǥ’’ǯš͹ͻͷǡ͹ͻͺȋͳͳ–Š‹”ǤʹͲͳʹȌ ƒ• ‡ƒ•—”‡† —• ’”‡ ‡†‡–ǡ‹ˆ–Š‡ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ƒ”‹–›‹•ǤǤǤ–‡’‡” ‡–‘”Ž‡ Ǥ͵†͸Ͷͺǡ͸ͷͺȋʹ†‹”Ǥͳͻͻ͸ȌǤ  ʹʹͲǤ  —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –‘ˆͳͻ͸ͺǡʹͺǤǤǤȚͳͺ͸͵ ‘ˆ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‹•™‹–Š‹ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽŽ‹‹–•ƒ†ƒ†‡ˆ‡•‡ –‹‘‹‘”‹‰‹ƒŽȌȋ“—‘–‹‰‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ ”‹•Šƒǡ͸͵ Ǥ͵†ͳͲ ǤͶǤ  ʹͳͻǤ ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥ”ƒ‰‡ǡͶͶ͹ Ǥ͵†͹ͻʹǡͺͲͲȋͳͲ–Š‹”ǤʹͲ •—’’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ˜‘–‡””‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘Ž‹•–™Š‡‹–•—•‡ˆƒ‹Ž•– ”‘•••‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›ȌǤ –‡”ƒŽ “—‘–ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”• ‘‹––‡†ȌȌǤ  †‹•–”‹ –•’‡” ‡––‘„‡‰‹™‹–Šǡ•— Šƒ–Š”‡•Š‘Ž†™‘—Ž†‡š —•‡–Š‡‡–‹”‡ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ‹‘”‹ ‡„‡”•ˆ”‘–Š‡Œ—”›’‘‘ŽǤ ‹–•Žƒ–‡•–’”‘‘— ‡‡–‘–Š‡ –‘‡‹–Š‡”ƒˆˆ‹”‘”†‹•ƒ’’”‘˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡–‡’‡” ‡–ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡†‹•’ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 64 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 64 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 64 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37    ǡ   ƒŽŽ  The ƒ”‡ ‘•‡  ˆƒ‹ŽǦ  –Šƒ– supra ƒŽ ‘ˆ Ǥǡ ‡•Ž‹‡ ͻǣͳͶ ‘ˆƒ ǡ  ƒ ˆƒ‹” —†‹‰ ‡˜‡” ‘—‰Š– ‘•‡••‘ ‡Ǥ Š‡ •Š‘—Ž† Battering   —‰Š––‘ ‘–ƒ•ȌǢ also —„‡”‘ˆ  ”‡“—‹”‡Ǧ  Boundaries   –Žƒ™‹   See   Ǥ ‘”‘’”‘ ‡Ǧ  also Racial    ƒ˜‡ƒ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŠƒ’’› ʹʹͶ see Composition:  Jury Crossing  œ‹’ ‘†‡ǡƒ”‡’Žƒ ‡‡–•—Ǧ ‹˜‡”ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ‹Ž ‘” ”‡•’‘•‡• –‘ ‘‡‘”‘”‡’‡‡”•‘ƒ ƒ’‹–ƒŽ and †Œ—”›ȌǢ  †‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡†‹•–”‹ –†‹†‘–    ƒ••ǤʹͲͲͷȌǤ  ˆ‘”‡˜‡”›•—‘•–Šƒ–™ƒ•’”‡Ǧ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ ”‘—‰ŠŽ›‡“—ƒŽ—„‡”•‘ˆ‡ƒ†  Ǥ  •—„•‡“—‡–Ž›”‡˜‹•‡†–Š‡‹”Œ—”›’Žƒ   ʹʹʹ   at Diversity,   ‘™‡”•‡–ƒŽǤǡ REVIEW  ǤǤ also ͳͲ͵͵ǡͳͲͷ͵ȂͷͺȋʹͲͲ͵Ȍȋ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰‡–Š‘†•‘ˆ Race, ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ǡͶʹ͸ Ǥ͵†ƒ–ͳȂͶǤ    Ǥ LAW See  re   available see   In  Race: ǡ  ǡ͵ͺͻ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ƒ–͸͸Ȃ͸͹ǡƒ†•–‹’—Žƒ–‡†–Šƒ–ǡ™Š‡Ǧ Ǥ KENT ʹʹͷ Ǧ and   Green Ǧ grounds Jury 

  ‘–‡ͳͳʹǡƒ–͹Ͳ͹Ȃ͹ͳͳȋ‡š’”‡••‹‰ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ‘ˆ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ–‘—•‡  CHICAGO The ȋƒ”ǤͳǡʹͲͲ͹Ȍǡ other ǡ͹ͺ  Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ supra on  ‘–‡ͳʹͲǡƒ–ͷͶͺǤ  

‘–‡ͳʹͲǡƒ–ͳ͹ͳȂ͹Ͷȋ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰–Šƒ–’ƒ”–‹‡•„‡‰‹˜‡ƒˆ‹š‡†  ǡ͵ͺͻ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ƒ–͹ͲȂ͹ͻȋ‘”†‡”‹‰ƒ™‡‹‰Š–‡†ƒ‹Ž‹‰‘ˆ•— ‘–‡ͳ͵ͺǡƒ–ͳͲͷȂͲ͸ȋ ‹–‹‰–‘•‘—” ‡•ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‹‰ˆ‘”—•‡‘ˆ“— rev’d   supra  ǡ Legitimacy   supra Green ”–Š‡› ƒ•‡––Ž‡ˆ‘”‰‹˜‹‰Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–•ƒŽ‹‹–‡†—„‡”‘ˆ Š‹•™ƒ•ƒ”ƒ”‡ˆ‡†‡”ƒŽ”—Ž‹‰ǡƒ†‘‡–Šƒ––Š‡ ‹”•–‹”Ǧ ǡŽ• Š—Ž‡”ǡ ȋ Ǥǡ  supra ͳ Jury  ʹʹ͵ Juries ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ǡͶʹ͸ Ǥ͵†ͳǡͳȋͳ•–‹”ǤʹͲͲͷȌǤŠ‡•–‘”›†‘‡•Š  e.g. ʹʹͳ e.g       re  In See, See, Black     Ž‹‰Š– ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ‘–‹—‹‰ †‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž–‹‡• ‹ ’”ƒ –‹ ‹‰ –Š‡ ‹†‡ ›˜‹‡™ǡ™‡‡‡†‘–Ž—” Š„ƒ –‘’”‡• ”‹’–‹‘•–Šƒ–”ƒ‹•‡ ‘–‡ͳ͹͵ǡƒ–ͳͷ͵ͶȂ͵ͷȋƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‹‰‹’ƒ”–ˆ‘”ƒ”‹‰Š––‘•‡Ž‡ –  for  Bolstering   ‘–‡ͺ͸ǡƒ–ʹ͹ͻȋ‘„•‡”˜‹‰–Šƒ–Žƒ›Œ—”‹‡•‹‘”™ƒ›—•–Šƒ˜‡ Case ™‘‡ǤȌǢ‹‰ǡ and  ʹʹͶǤ ƒ‹”‡œǡ Š‘‹ ‡•ƒ•–‘™Š‘‹••‡ƒ–‡†‘–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽŒ—”›ȌǢ —‹–‘—”–‘ˆ’’‡ƒŽ•’”‘’–Ž›”‡˜‡”•‡†‘ƒ™”‹–‘ˆƒ†ƒ—•• „›–Š‡ˆˆ‹ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•––‘”‡›Ǥ ŽŽ‹•ƬŠƒ”‹‡‹†ƒ‹ƒ‘†ǡ •–”ƒ–‹ˆ‹‡†‘”™‡‹‰Š–‡†•—‘•‹‰ȌǤ  Š‘‹ ‡•‹Dzƒˆˆ‹”ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›•‡Ž‡ –‹‰dzŒ—”‘”•–‘–Š‡‹”Ž‹‹‰   ʹʹͳǤ ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•Ǥ˜Ǥ ”‡‡ǡ͵ͺͻ Ǥ—’’Ǥʹ†ʹͻǡ͹ͲȂ͹ͻȋǤ ʹʹʹǤ  ͺͻ͸ ˆ‘—†ƒ˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•–ƒ–—–‡ƒ†•Š‡‘”†‡”‡†”‡‡†‹‡•ǡ‹ Ž –Š‡–ƒ”‰‡–‹‰‘ˆ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ œ‹’ ‘†‡•ˆ‘”ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™Ǧ—’•—‘•‡•™Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‡•–‘‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”•—‘•‡•™‡”‡Ž‘™‡”–Šƒ‡š’‡ –‡†ˆ”‘–Š œ‹’ ‘†‡•Ǥ ‡†‹‰Ǥ‹•–”‹ – ‘—”–Œ—†‰‡•‹–Š‡‹•–”‹ –‘ˆƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––• ‡˜‡”ƒ•—‘•™ƒ•”‡–—”‡†ƒ•—†‡Ž‹˜‡”ƒ„Ž‡ˆ”‘ƒ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” ‘••Š‘—Ž†„‡‹••—‡†–‘ƒ‡•‘–Š‡Ž‹•–ˆ”‘–Š‡•ƒ‡œ‹’ ‘ ‰‘ƒ•ˆƒ”ƒ•–Š‡–”‹ƒŽŒ—†‰‡Šƒ†‹‘”†‡”‹‰•‹‹Žƒ”’”‘ ‡†—”‡• •—ƒ„Ž›†‡Ž‹˜‡”‡†„—–†‹†‘–‡Ž‹ ‹–ƒ”‡•’‘•‡Ǥ –‘†‡ƒŽ™‹–Š–Š‡’”‘„Ž‡•”‡˜‡ƒŽ‡†‹ †—”‡•‘ˆ™‡‹‰Š–‡†•—‘•‹‰–‘ ‘’‡•ƒ–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡’”‡†‹ –ƒ„Ž‡ —”‡ ‘ˆ ’—”‡ ”ƒ†‘ •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ –‘ ›‹‡Ž† ƒ Œ—”› ”‘•••‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ ’‘‘Ž ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥƒ†Ǥ—• ‘—”–•Ǥ‰‘˜Ȁ”‡•‘—” ‡•Ȁ’†ˆȀ‡˜‹•‡† —”›ŽƒǤ’†ˆǤ  ʹʹ͵Ǥ  supra Œ—”›ȌǤ  ʹʹͷǤ  ˆƒ‹””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘Œ—”‹‡•ǡ•‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‘‡–ƒ–‘”••—‰‰‡•–™‡ ˆƒŽŽ „ƒ  ‘ †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‹’‘•‹‰–Š‡Œ—”›ƒ•ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›•‡ƒ–‡†ƒ‹–ƒ‹ˆƒ‹””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‘•‡ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ‡–• ƒ„‡”‹‰‹†ƒ•–Š‡›ƒ”‡™Š‡• Š‘Žƒ”•ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ–“—‘–ƒ• ‡ ‡••ƒ”›Ǥ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž–‹‡• ™‹–Š †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ †‹• —••‡† ƒ„‘˜ ‡”‡ ˆƒ – –Šƒ– –Š‡ •‡ƒ–‡† Œ—”› †‘‡•’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”‰”‘—’†‘‡•‘–•Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡•–ƒ–‡•›•–‡ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›•‘ ‘– ‘–ƒ‹ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡• „‹ƒ•Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘Ǥ‡•Š‘—Ž††‹•–‹‰—‹•Šǡ–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡƒ• —””‡ “—‘–ƒ•–‘ˆ‹ŽŽ•‘‡•‡ƒ–•‘–Š‡ ‡‡’‹‘—–›ǡ‹‡•‘–ƒ‰”ƒ ƒ• –‘ ‘˜‡”•ƒ’Ž‡ ’‘‘” ƒ† ‹‘”‹–› œ‹’ ‘†‡• ™Š‡”‡ ”ƒ–‡• ‘ˆ †‡Ž •—‘•‡•ƒ”‡Ž‘™Ȍǡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 64 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 64 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 65 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37   •‡ ‡† –‹˜‡ ͻǣͳͶ ‡†‹  ‡•‡– ǡ Ͷͷͺ Ǥ ˆ •–ƒ–‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒŽŽ›  „‘–Š ƒ•–Š‡› –‡ƒ–‹Ǧ —” ‡ ‘ˆ ‡”‡‘Ž› ‘”†‡”–‘ ‡‰‡–• ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ aff’d †‘‡•‘–  ‡–‘„‡ —†‰‡–ǡ ‹‰ƒ–‹‘–‘ ‡†Dz”‡’”‡Ǧ Šƒ–’‡”‹––‹‰ ‹•–˜‹‘Žƒ–‡† Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ǯ• ʹʹ͸  –†‹•‡ˆ”ƒ Š‹•‡• Ǥ ŽƒǤ ʹͲͳͲȌǡ ʹʹ͹ ˜‹†‡ ‡–Šƒ–•–ƒ–‡’”‘ ‡†—”‡  ‘”–Šƒ–”‡ƒ•‘ǡˆ‡†Ǧ ‡””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‘‡Ȍǡ  ͺͻ͹ ‘ ‡ –Šƒ– ’‡”•‘• ™Š‘ †‘ ‘– •„‡ƒ††‡†–‘˜‘–‡”Ž‹•–••‹’Ž› ǡͷ͸Ͳ Ǥ͵†ͳʹ͹ͲǡͳʹͺͲȋͳͳ–Š‹”Ǥ ʹʹͺ ‡ȏ —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡Ȑ – ȋ„ȌȋʹȌȋ‡•–ʹͲͳͶȌǤ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆˆ”‹ ƒǦ‡”‹ ƒ•ƒ‘‰ –Š‡”‡•–‘ˆ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥǯdz‹–‡† ’‘‘ŽǤ  DEMOCRACY  JURY    OF    MODELS  ʹ͵Ͳ FOUR Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ †›‡–ǡ ‘™‘ˆ‘”‡’‘”–‡† ƒ•‡™Š‡”‡ƒˆ‡†Ǧ  ʹʹͻ     —”‡˜Ǥ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡͶ͵ͻǤǤ͵ͷ͹ǡ͵͸͸ȋͳͻ͹ͻȌȋ Ž‡ƒ”‡˜‹†‡ ‡– ȋ  ͳ  Compare Id.   ‡‡‡†–‘†‘ƒ„‡––‡”Œ‘„‘ˆ‡ˆ‘” ‹‰–Š‡”—Ž‡•‘”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ ‡”‰Š—‹•˜Ǥ‹–ŠǡͷͷͻǤǤ͵ͳͶǡ͵͵ͳȂ͵ʹȋʹͲͳͲȌȋ‹•—ˆˆ‹ ‹‡–‡   ʹʹ͸Ǥ  ʹͲͳͷȐ ˆƒ –†‘‡•ǡ„‡–™‡‡ ƒ•‡•™Š‡”‡‡˜‡”›‰”‘—’™ƒ•ˆƒ‹”Ž›”‡’”‡•‡– Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ† ƒ•‡•™Š‡”‡–Š‡•–ƒ–‡‹•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”•›• ƒŽŽ›†‹•ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‹‰ ‡”–ƒ‹‰”‘—’•†—”‹‰•‡Ž‡ –‹‘Ǥ ‡”ƒŽŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘‹’‘•‡•‘†‹•–”‹ – ‘—”–•–Š‡ƒˆˆ‹”ƒ–‹˜‡‘„Ž •—’’Ž‡‡––Š‡˜‘–‡”Ž‹•–™‹–Š‘–Š‡”•‘—” ‡•‘ˆŒ—”‘”ƒ‡•‹ •–ƒ”–ˆ”‘ƒ•‘—” ‡‘ˆŒ—”‘”ƒ‡•–Šƒ–†”ƒ™•ˆƒ‹”Ž›ˆ”‘ƒŽŽ• ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ ‹–‹œ‡•™Š‘ƒ”‡‘–‘–Šƒ–Ž‹•–ǡ†‡’”‹˜‹‰–Š‡‘ˆ‡˜‡ƒ Šƒ •‡Ž‡ –‡† ˆ‘” Œ—”› †—–›Ǥ Š‡ —”› ‡Ž‡ –‹‘ ƒ† ‡”˜‹ ‡ƒ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡†–Šƒ–—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡˜‘–‡””‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘Ž‹•–‹‰Š–‘–  – •’‡ ƒƒ•–‡”Ž‹•–”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ ’‡”•‹•–‡ ‡ ‹ —•‹‰ –Š‡ ˜‘–‡” ”‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ Ž‹•–Œ—”‘”ƒ‡•ǡ†‡•’‹–‡‘™Ž‡†‰‡–Šƒ––Š‡˜‘–‡””‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘Ž‹•– ƒ• –Š‡ •‘Ž‡ •‘ ‘•–‹–—–‡ ƒ ˆƒ‹” ”‘•• •‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ƒ –‹‘ǡ‘””ƒ–Š‡”‹ƒ –‹‘ǡ–Šƒ–„‡‰•ˆ‘”ƒ”‡‡†›Ǥ ‘—‹–›ǡ ‹• –Š‡ •‘”– ‘ –Š‡•–ƒ–—–‘”›’”‘˜‹•‹‘•Ǥ ‡”ƒŽŒ—†‰‡ˆ‘—†–Šƒ–‡š Ž—•‹˜‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡˜‘–‡””‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘Ž ™‘‡ „—– ‘– ‡ –‘ †‡ Ž‹‡ Œ—”› •‡”˜‹ ‡with Ž‡† –‘ •›•–‡ƒ–‹  —† Œ—”›•‡Ž‡ –‹‘–Šƒ–™‡‘™Šƒ˜‡ǤŠ‘•‡”—Ž‡•ǡ ‘””‡ –Ž›‹›Œ †‘‘–‹•‹•–‘’”ƒ –‹ ‹‰ƒ•–”‹ –†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›ǡ™Š Œ—”‹‡•–Šƒ–Dz‹””‘”dz–Š‡†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ •‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹–› ƒ”‡’” –Š‡ ‘—‹–›Ǥ •–‡ƒ†ǡ–Š‡›”‡•–‘–Š‡‹†‡ƒŽ–Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ ƒŽŽ •‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥdz  ”‡†‡”‹‰ ˜‡”†‹ –•ǡ Œ—”‹‡•ˆƒ –Ǧˆ‹†‹‰ ƒ† ‡‰ƒ‰‡ ‘”Ǧˆ‹†‹‰ ‹ ‹••‹‘•Ǥ ‘–Š ‹••‹‘• ƒ”‡™Š‡ ‡Šƒ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ™‡ƒ˜‡• –‘‰‡–Š‡” †‹˜‡”•‡Œ—”‹‡•ˆ‹†–Š‡ˆƒ –•‘”‡ƒ —”ƒ–‡Ž›–ŠƒŠ‘‘‰‡‡‘—•Œ—”‹‡•ǡ ’‘‹–• ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™Ǥ ‹˜‡” ˆ‘”ƒ••‹‰‹‰Œ—”‘”•™ƒ•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ‡‰‡†—†‡””‡’”‡•‡–  ʹʹͺǤ  —”›‡Ž‡ –‹‘ƒ†‡”˜‹ ‡ –‘ˆͳͻ͸ͺǡʹͺǤǤǤȚͳͺ͸͵ Œ—”‘”•ƒ••‹‰‡†–‘ ‘—”–•–”›‹‰ˆ‡Ž‘› ƒ•‡•ȌǤ  ʹʹ͹Ǥ„‘–Š‡”–‘”‡‰‹•–‡”–‘˜‘–‡‘—‰Š––‘„‡‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡Œ—”›  ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ›ǡ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ Œ—†‰‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‡š’”‡••‡† –Š‡‹” „‡Ž‹‡ˆ –  ʹʹͻǤ  „‡ ƒ—•‡ƒ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹ƒ„Ž‡‰”‘—’˜‘–‡•‹ƒ’”‘’‘”–‹‘Ž‘™‡”–Šƒ –ƒ–‡• ˜Ǥ ”‹––ǡ ‘Ǥ ͸ǣͲͻȂ ”ȂͳͳͲȂ”ŽȂʹͺǡ ʹͲͳͲ  ʹ͵ͶʹͶͶͲ ȋǤ ’’ǯš͹ͻͷȋͳͳ–Š‹”ǤʹͲͳʹȌȋ“—‘–‹‰‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•˜Ǥƒ”‹ Šƒ‡Ž ʹͲͲͻȌȌǤ ‘”–Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘”‡“—‹”‡–Šƒ–ƒ•—’’Ž‡‡–ƒŽ•‘—” ‡‘ˆƒ‡  ʹ͵ͲǤ DzŠ‡ ‹” —‹–•ƒ”‡Ǯ‹ ‘’Ž‡–‡ƒ‰”‡‡‡––Šƒ–‡‹–Š‡”–Š 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 65 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 A 06/12/2015 65 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 65 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37   ”‡ ”ƒǦ †‘Ǥ ˆ”‡Ǧ ͻǣͳͶ Š‘™ ‘”‡  ǡ –Š‡ ŽŽ›ǡdzƒ• ”— ‹ƒŽ ‡š–”‡‡ Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ Ǧ  ȏ‘ŽͻͲǣ͵ REVIEW  LAW  KENT Ǧ CHICAGO Ȍ ͷȀ͹ȀʹͲͳͷ      ȋ  ͳ    —”–Š‡”ǡ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘†‘‡•‘–‰‹˜‡—’‘†‡Ž‹„‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‡Šƒ ‡• –Š‡ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆŒ—”›†‡Ž‹˜‡”•‘‹–•’”‘‹•‡–‘‰‹˜‡—•ƒ†‡‘ ”ƒ ›”‘‘–‡†‹– †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ –‹˜‡™‹•†‘‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ȄƒŽŽ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ –‹‘ǡ –Š‡ ™ƒ› ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡• ‘ˆ †‡• ”‹’–‹˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘—–”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘†‘‡•‘–Ž—” Š–‘–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡ •‘‡–‹‡• ƒ†ƒ••‹‰–‘Œ—”‘”•–Š‡‹’‘••‹„Ž‡–ƒ•‘ˆ”‡ƒ•‘‹‰Dz—‹˜‡”•ƒ †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘ ”ƒ–••‘‡–‹‡•‹•‹•–Ǥ›•Š‘™ ƒ•‹‰‡˜‡”›†ƒ› ͺͻͺ • ”—–‹‹œ‡ –Š‡ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ˆ”‘ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ’‘‹–• ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ǡ ‡š Šƒ‰‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‘•‹†‡” ‘”‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•ǡ ƒ† ƒ– Š“—‡–Ž›Ǥ ‡””‘”• ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘”‡ Œ—”‹‡• ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‹† ƒ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ„›˜‹”–—‡‘ˆ„”‹‰‹‰–‘„‡ƒ”†‹˜‡”•‡˜‹‡™•‘ ‘—‹–›ǯ• ‘”• ‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡ǦŽƒ†‡ ‘•–”— –‹‘• ‘ˆ ™Šƒ–†‘—„–dz‘”Dz†—‡ ƒ”‡dz‘”Dz”‡ Ž‡••†‹•”‡‰ƒ”†Ǥdz –Š‡ Žƒ™ ‡ƒ• „› Dz”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 65 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 B 06/12/2015 65 Side Sheet No. 36656-ckt_90-3