Domestic Violence Against Married Women
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST MARRIED WOMEN A CASE STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KERALA STATE WOMEN’S COMMISSION THIRUVANANTHAPURAM A Dissertation Submitted to the University of Kerala in Partial Fulfillment of Degree of Master of Social Work (MSW) Submitted By Exam Code : 91506404 Candidate Code: 09115020 Subject Code : SW.2.4.4 DEPARTMENT OF Social Work LOYOLA COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES THIRUVANATHAPURAM 2009 - 2011 DECLARATION I, Preethi Solomon do hereby declare that this dissertation titled, “Domestic violence against married women. A case study with special reference to Kerala State Women’s Commission Thiruvananthapuram.” has not been submitted for award of any Degree, Diploma, and Associate ship, fellowship or other similar title of recognition before any university or anywhere else. Place: Thiruvanthapuram PREETHI SOLOMON CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL Certified that this dissertation on “DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST MARRIED WOMEN. A CASE STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KERALA STATE WOMEN’S COMMISSION THIRUVANATHAPURAM” is a record of genuine work done by Miss. Preethi Solomon Second year student of MSW of this College under my supervision and guidance and that is hereby approved for forwarding to the Examiners. Recommended for forwarding to the University of Kerala Dr. K. A. Joseph Head of the department of Social Work & Faculty guide Loyola College of Social Sciences Thiruvananthapuram – 695 017 Forwarded to the University of Kerala Dr.Usha John Principal Loyola College of Social Sciences Thiruvananthapuram – 695 017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Gratitude is an attitude of the heart. My heart is filled with joy and l rise my heart to the God Almighty for being there with me throughout my study. I wish to thank Dr.Usha John, principal, Loyola College of Social Sciences for facilitating the study at this institution. I am very thankful to Dr. K.A Joseph Course Coordinator, MSW and my faculty guide Loyola College of Social Sciences for the valuable guidance and interest evinced throughout the study and without whose support this study would not have materialized. I also thankfully acknowledge the help and support given by, Justice. Smt. Sreedevi, the Chairperson Women’s Commission, for her cooperation& giving permission to conduct my data collection I express my sincere gratitude to all the victims of domestic violence who patiently responded to my interview guide and made this study a success. It would not have been possible for me to successfully complete this study without the constant encouragement and support of my family members. I could never conclude this without mentioning my dearest friends whose whole hearted support made me to present this before you. PREETHI SOLOMON CONTENTS ABSTRACT CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION II LITERATURE REVIEW III RESEARCH DESIGN IV ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION V FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS & CONCLUSION Bibliography Appendix ABSTRACT Objective: As domestic violence becomes increasingly recognized a widespread social problem, Judicial System and Government have begun playing larger roles in providing legal protection to the victims. The objective of the research was to study the causes, consequences of domestic violence against married women and the role of social worker among the victims. Methods: The researcher collected data from the ten respondents and who are the victim of domestic violence. The research design was qualitative in nature. So it was case study. Result: all most all the victim reacted to the abuse of their husband and in laws after a long period of silence. They filed petition against their husband and in-laws for the better future of their children. Conclusion: Women’s right to housing and right to property and inheritance are critical and most fundamental for any strategy of prevention of domestic violence. Social support networks especially natal family and neighbors is also a crucial factor in reducing domestic violence. CHPTER I INTRODUCTION STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM In the chequered history of mankind one finds that different and disparate cultures, however distant they may be in time and space have at least one thing in common and that is the contempt of women. However the Gandhian era and the decades after independence have seen tremendous changes in the position of women in Indian history. The violence against women in home setting is becoming a serious as well as common phenomena. It is a social problem and an offense against the dignity of human being. Violence has a negative impact on women’s emotional, social and physical well being. Domestic violence is the commonest form of violence towards women in marital life. The Domestic violence bill in itself is one safeguard against violence perpetrated within the confines of the home. But in a country where legal literacy is so low, just having a bill will not serve the purpose. The consumerist culture has became a cancerous growth in Kerala’s once- golden culture. In nearly every home, there is purposeful, ostentatious display of consumerism, paving the way for an un happy, highly criminalized society with increasing levels of sexual harassment and violence against women. RELEVANCE OF THE STUDY Domestic violence is to be perceived not as a low and order problem. Basically it is a socio- cultural problem. A dominant socio- cultural norms of the society is the patriarchal system in which women are put in subordination. Women are getting increasingly educated and empowered and men and women have to pass into a system of mutual support. Local bodies and NGOs have a role in sensitizing not only women, but more importantly, men in this matter. The present study attempt to study the causes and consequences of domestic violence against women. Harassment of women in the domestic sphere and work place is observed to be quite common in Kerala. Therefore, the researcher undertake a study to find out the causes and other related problems behind the domestic violence. Violence against women in the context of marriage becomes more significant when a husband who is supposed to live and protect his wife denies her rights. This study tried to cover the causes and consequences of violence against women . OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY GENERAL OBJECTIVE To study the domestic violence against married women SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1. To study the socio-demographic profile of women under study. 2. To study the causes of domestic violence against married women. 3. To study the consequence of violence on women in terms of personal, familial and social levels. 4. To study the role of social worker among the victims of domestic violence. CONCEPTS THEORITICAL CONCEPTS Violence against Women United Nations General Assembly in 1993 defines violence against women as “ any act of gender based violence that results in, or is likely to result in physical, sexual, or psychological harm or sufferings to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life, but is not limited to, physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring in the family, including battering, sexual abuse of female children in the household, dowry related violence, marital rape, female genital mutilation and other traditional practices harmful to women, non-spousal violence and violence related to exploitation, physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring within the general community, including rape, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere; trafficking in women and forced prostitution; and physical, sexual and psychological violence perpetrated or condoned by the state, where it occurs. The American Medical Association defines intimate partner abuse as “ the physical ,sexual, and/or psychological abuse to an individual perpetrated by a current or former intimate partner. While this term is gender-neutral, women are more likely to experience physical injuries and incur psychological consequences of intimate partner abuse.” MARRIAGE The dictionary defines marriage as “the legal union of a man and women as husband and wife.” Malinowski Suythal defines marriage is a contract for the production and maintenance of children WOMEN Adult female human being ( Collis Discovery Encyclopedia). OPERATIONAL DEFINITION DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Domestic violence in the context of this study is explained and studied as violence perpetrated by the male spouse or in-laws. WOMEN Women in this study includes married between the age group of young adulthood and middle adulthood and they are the victim of domestic violence by their husband or in-laws. CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION The problem of violence against women is not new. In the past decades, there has been research studies on violence against women across the world . A large number of studies were done in the Indian sub-continent too. In India most of the studies focused on dowry related violence and deaths ( Vindhya 2000, Waters 1999, Parameswaram 1996, Fernandez 1997) ,childlessness( Kohher –Reissman, 2000) and the gender and agency dimension of domestic violence( Hedge,1996). Wife beating alone has been the subject of research in two important studies by Jejeebhoy and Cook (1997) and Rao(1997). Indian have been victims of ill-treatment, humiliation, torture, and exploitation for along as written records of social organization and family life are available. As the cases of wife- battering , rapes, kidnapping, and abduction, intra-familial murders, dowry-deaths, eve- teasing and molestation, etc have been more frequently