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Home , Bian Que, Hua Tuo

NEWS doi: 10.12032/TMR20191030144

Editor Group of Traditional Medicine Research

Shi Ji: The Grand Historian; Cang Gong Lie Zhuan: Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong; Zhen Ji: Case Records; Qing: Face tattooing; Yi: Cutting off the nose; Yue: Cutting off the feet; Han Shu·Xing Fa Zhi: The Criminal Annals History of the Former Han; San Guo Zhi·Wei Zhi· Zhuan: The Records of the ·Records of Wei·Biography of Hua Tuo.

According to a message posted by the official Weibo under further investigation [1]. account of Chengguan Sub-bureau of the Lanzhou History book entitled Shi Ji (the Grand Historian) Public Security Bureau in Gansu Province of China, on combines the biographies of famous doctors Bian Que the morning of October 22, 2019, a suspect named and Chunyu Yi into the Bian Que Cang Gong Lie Yang (male, aged 54 years, a native of Lanzhou City of Zhuan (Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong) [2]. Gansu Province) attacked a doctor Feng (female, aged According to the record of Shi Ji, as early as in the 42 years, a native of Lanzhou City) with a knife at Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 B.C.E.) of China, Bian Que Gansu Provincial Hospital. Unfortunately, despite all (407–310 B.C.E.) died from murder. When the chief efforts to rescue her, Feng passed away. After the physician of Qin State Li Xi—learned that his medical incident, Public Security Institutions immediately took skills were not as good as Bian Que’s, he sent an control of suspect Yang. According to the preliminary assassin to kill him. investigation, Yang once underwent a for rectal In the Western (202 B.C.E.–8 C.E.) of cancer at Gansu Provincial Hospital, in which Doctor China, Chunyu Yi (215–140 B.C.E.) once served as the Feng was his attending physician. The case is currently magistrate of the Taicang County in Princedom. Submit a manuscript: https://www.tmrjournals.com/tmr TMR | January 2020 | vol. 5 | no. 1 | 1 doi: 10.12032/TMR20191030144 NEWS The 25 medical cases under his charge, known as the days to live. Please invite my friends and Zhen Ji (Case Records), are currently the earliest acquaintances to bid me farewell!” As was expected, existing medical records in China [3]. Chunyu Yi was he died a hundred days later at the age of 54. [6] sentenced to three types of corporal punishment, In 2012, the case of a doctor in the First Teaching namely, Qing (face tattooing), Yi (cutting off the nose), Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese and Yue (cutting off the feet). According to the history Medicine being chopped to death in the hospital’s book entitled Han Shu·Xing Fa Zhi (the Criminal consultation room became a point of widespread Annals·History of the Former Han), during the Han concern in society. Patient Wang (aged over 50 years) Dynasty, Chunyu Yi once gave medical treatment to a insisted that acupuncturist Kang Hongqian deliberately dowager who was already critically ill and was unable messed up in treating him. After a little over a month to cure her. After the dowager died, the latter’s family of treatment, Wang entered the consultation room with falsely accused Chunyu Yi of murder. Officials an axe he had prepared for a long time and hacked her convicted him and sentenced him to corporal head several times. Kang Hongqian died of severe punishment. Chunyu Yi’s youngest daughter, Ti Ying, craniocerebral injury despite rescue efforts [7]. wrote to Emperor Wen that she was willing to be a An ancient Chinese saying goes, “If you can’t be a maidservant at the government house (203 B.C.E.–157 good prime minister, you’d better be a good doctor.” B.C.E.) in exchange for exempting her father from the The source of this old saying is unknown, but there is a cruel torture. In the fifth month of the 13th year of the story about Fan Zhongyan, a famous Confucian in the Han Dynasty (167 B.C.E.), Emperor Wen ordered that (960 C.E.–1279 C.E.), who once visited Chunyu Yi be exempted from the punishment and that the ancestral temple to draw fortune sticks. When he Ti Ying need not serve as a maidservant. The next day, asked if he could be a prime minister in the future, the he also ordered that the three types of corporal stick suggested that he could not. He drew another punishment be abolished [2, 4]. stick and prayed, “If I can’t be a prime minister, I wish The history book entitled San Guo Zhi·Wei Zhi·Hua to be a good doctor.” The result still suggested Tuo Zhuan (the Records of the Three otherwise. He then sighed and said, “If an undertaking Kingdoms·Records of Wei·Biography of Hua Tuo) cannot benefit the people, it is not worthy of a man’s recorded that Doctor Hua Tuo (around 145 C.E.–208 dedication of his entire life.” Later, someone asked him, C.E.) had treated Monarch ’s head-wind “It is natural for a man to aspire to be a prime minister. syndrome many times. Eventually, he was executed by Why do you wish to be a good doctor? Is this a bit too Cao Cao under two charges of violating the Han law: 1. humble?” [8]. The frequent occurrence of killing and the crime of deceiving the monarch and 2. the crime of injuring doctors from the ancient times until the refusing to go on a military expedition. Before he died, present warrants our reflection on the social status and Hua Tuo gave a medical book to the prison officer and treatment doctors should receive [9]. said, “This book can be used to save people.” The prison officer was afraid of breaking criminal law and Citation: dared not accept it. Hua Tuo had no choice but to burn Editor Group of Traditional Medicine Research. this book [5]. Frequent attacks on health workers in China: social The cause of death of Doctor Huang Yuanyu in the changes or historical origins? Traditional Medicine (1705 C.E.–1758 C.E.) is not known, Research 2020, 5 (1): 1–3. but it has been said that he died of a panic attack. In his early years, Ma Ruiting (1903–1997), the References fifth-generation successor of Huang Yuanyu, heard an anecdote about Huang’s diagnostic practice from his 1. Lanzhou Chengguan Police Office [Internet]. teacher, Li Dingchen. When Huang Yuanyu was an Police bulletin [cited 2019 Octorber 30]. imperial physician, the son of a royal highness in Available from: Shenyang City grew seriously ill. “When I enter the https://weibo.com/u/2611745413?nick=兰州城关 house, I hear a groan in the east wing. Is that your son? 公安&is_hot=1 There is no need to diagnose the disease. His lungs are 2. Si MQ (Han Dynasty). Shi Ji: Bian Que Cang rotten and there is no medicine that can cure them,” Gong Zhuan. Beijing: Beijing United Publishing Huang Yuanyu asked the patient’s father. When the House, 2016. royal highness heard this, he killed and dissected his 3. Chun YY (Han Dynasty). Zhen Ji. son and put the rotten lungs on a plate for Huang 4. Ban G (Han Dynasty). Han Shu·Xing Fa Zhi. Yuanyu to see. Huang was so frightened that he fell to Beijing: People's Publishing House, 1983. the ground. He soon returned to his hometown in a 5. Chen S (Jin Dynasty). San Guo Zhi·Wei Zhi·Hua hurry, later falling ill and remaining in bed since. Tuo Zhuan. Beijing: Haichao Publishing, 2015. When his son asked about the cause of his illness, 6. Huang YY (Qing Dynasty). Si Sheng Xin Yuan. Huang Yuanyu said: “My spirit has been shattered by China Medical Science and Technology horror. No medicine can cure me. I still have a hundred Publishing House, 2018. TMR | January 2020 | vol. 5 | no. 1 | 2 Submit a manuscript: https://www.tmrjournals.com/tmr NEWS doi: 10.12032/TMR20191030144 7. Sina.com.cn [Internet]. The killer who killed a doctor who working at The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was executed [cited 2019 Octorber 30]. Available from: http://finance.sina.com.cn/sf/news/2016-04-01/10 3725888.html?domain=finance.sina.com.cn&vt=4 &from=wap 8. Wu Z (Song Dynasty). Neng Gai Zhai Man . Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1960. 9. Jia S. Application of social contradiction analysis in the conflict between physicians and patients. Life Res 2018, 1: 40–44.

Submit a manuscript: https://www.tmrjournals.com/tmr TMR | January 2020 | vol. 5 | no. 1 | 3