DOCSLIB.ORG

ES Weather Water Atmosphere 1.Indb 7 10/3/2012 2:31:30 PM INTRODUCTION

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

PUBLISHER’S NOTE Salem Press’s Earth Science: Earth’s Weather, Water, guide readers to areas of particular interest. The and Atmosphere provides a two-volume introduction to background and history of each subject are provided the major topics of study in climate, bodies of water, and detail important contextual information on the and atmosphere. These volumes provide a compre- topic. An annotated Bibliography closes each essay and hensive revision and update to an earlier edition with refers the reader to external sources for further study the same title, which was published by Salem Press in that are of use to both students and nonspecialists. 2001. Finally, a list of Cross-References directs the reader to The essays in this collection cover a wide range of other subject-related essays within the set. At the end subject areas, including the components of the atmo- of every volume, several appendices are designed sphere, with important developments in the study of to assist in the retrieval of information, including greenhouse effects and weather patterns, the study of a Glossary that defines key terms contained in each waters within and on the surface of the earth, and the set, and tables such as Atmospheric Pressure, Oil Spills impact of sedimentology in the formation of Earth Timeline, Bodies of Water Data Sheet, and Major Weather surfaces. The coeditors of the volume have reviewed Events. each article for scientific authority and have ensured Salem Press’s Earth’s Weather, Water, and Atmosphere each article’s currency. is part of a series of Earth science books that includes Designed for high school and college students and Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Earth’s Surface and their teachers, these volumes provide hundreds of History, and Earth’s Materials and Resources. expertly written essays supplemented by illustrations, Many hands went into the creation of these vol- charts, and useful reference materials, resulting in umes. Special mention must be made of its coeditors, a comprehensive overview of each topic. Librarians Margaret Boorstein, Ph.D., and Richard Renneboog, and general readers alike will also turn to this refer- M.Sc., who played a principal role in shaping the ref- ence work for both foundational information and erence work and its contents. Thanks are also due to current developments. the many academicians and professionals who com- Each essay topic begins with helpful reference in- municated their expert understanding of Earth sci- formation, including a summary statement that ex- ence to the general reader; a list of these individuals plains its significance in the study of the earth and and their affiliations appears at the beginning of its processes. Principal Terms define key elements or the volume. The contributions of all are gratefully concepts related to the subject, and the text is then acknowledged. organized following informative subheadings that vii ES_Weather_Water_Atmosphere 1.indb 7 10/3/2012 2:31:30 PM INTRODUCTION The planet Earth is a complex set of living and non- Those articles devoted to hydrology focus on the living systems connected by the cycling of matter and study of waters that move within the earth’s crust flows of energy. The solid earth, or the lithosphere; and on its surface. The movements of groundwater the gaseous layer surrounding the solid earth, or the and the properties of aquifers—layers of rocks or atmosphere; and the waters of the earth, or the hydro- sediment in which water is stored and flows—are dis- sphere, are all connected with one another and with cussed, along with consequences of their depletion the biosphere, or living things. Presented in alphabet- and deterioration. Because freshwater is vital not ical order, the articles in Earth Science: Earth’s Weather, only to human survival, but also to functioning eco- Water, and Atmosphere discuss and explain important nomic systems, several articles discuss surface water, components of these four realms, with a particular wells, water tables, and water quality. The technolo- emphasis on the influences that people, industry, and gies and environmental impact of desalination, dams commerce around the globe have on Earth’s systems. and flood control, and floods also are important to The evolution of the atmosphere is explained, societies around the world. Waterfalls, frequently along with its present structure and internal move- spectacular in their beauty and haunting in their ments. The relationship between the earth and sun, long-term erosion, can be and are often harnessed including revolution and rotation, are discussed, as to produce electricity. Yet, erecting power lines to well as how the changing orientation of the earth’s transport electricity from remote waterfall locations axis with respect to the sun over the course of a year involves all sorts of economic, political, and environ- creates seasons. An article on the greenhouse effect mental choices. Watersheds, or areas drained by a describes its necessity to life on Earth. Other arti- stream, need to be understood and monitored closely cles provide insight into how human activities have because so many competing uses depend on the wa- interfered with natural balances, leading to global ters that flow within them. Neither freshwater nor the warming, climate change, and ozone depletion. Such intricacies of its movements and the consequences of distinctions are important to acknowledge so that its contamination are taken for granted today. individuals, through their formal governments, eco- Oceans cover approximately two-thirds of the sur- nomic activities, and informal alliances, can make face of the earth. It is said that less is known about the decisions about adaptation, mediation, or inaction. ocean floor than is known about space. Federal govern- A number of articles examine motions of matter ment agencies, including the National Aeronautics and transfers of energy within the atmosphere. The and Space Administration (NASA) and the National dramatic consequences of energy transfer are dis- Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), cussed in the articles about hurricanes, tornadoes, have been expanding that awareness, especially in lightning and thunder, and monsoons. El Niño/ the last decade. Articles in this volume explain how Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been shown, heat is transported through wind-driven surface cur- through decades of gathering detailed weather sta- rents and thermal and salinity-driven deep ocean tistics combined with modern measurement tech- currents. The interactions of water and the tectonics nologies, to have a worldwide impact on climate and of the ocean floor are discussed in articles about tur- weather. Essays about more mundane features of bidity currents, seamounts, and hydrothermal vents. the atmosphere, such as clouds, winds, and climate The danger of tsunamis to human life has always ex- basics, provide an understanding of their proper- isted. The article about the tsunamis of December ties and importance to the atmospheric system. The 26, 2004, and March 11, 2011, describes the unimag- government of the United States devotes human inably wide-ranging damage that occurred, as well as and fiscal resources to advance scientific research as the resulting possible courses of action to mitigate ca- well as improve weather forecasting. Anyone in the sualties and damage in the future. Current ocean-at- United States with access to the Internet can see sat- mospheric interactions are important influences on ellite imagery; interpret and analyze local, regional, climate today. From the perspective of geologic eons, and national forecasts; and read discussions of the oceans serve as long- and short-term storehouses of models that contributed to their creation. carbon and other elements that are part of nutrient ix ES_Weather_Water_Atmosphere 1.indb 9 10/3/2012 2:31:30 PM Introduction Earth’s Weather, Water, and Atmosphere cycles vital to life on Earth. With recent human in- consequences of misguided interference by people. terference in these natural processes have come un- The Great Lakes, which hold approximately 20 per- foreseen effects on current atmospheric and oceanic cent of the freshwater in the world, are important processes. As global warming intensifies, sea level will for fishing, recreation, and freshwater supply. They be of greater concern not only to those populations have also facilitated the economic growth of both the that have to be evacuated and the areas to which they United States and Canada, with four of the five lakes move, but to those who are dependent on the natural sharing a border that features both countries’ manu- resources lost to rising seas. facturing belts and agricultural core. Contamination More extensive discussions of specific oceans and of the waters by excessive fertilizer and pesticide use, seas provide descriptions of their origins and current combined with industrial runoff, contributed to sig- geology and geography. The story of the Aral Sea in nificant declines and contamination of the commer- the former Soviet Union serves as a morality tale. cial and recreational fisheries. Cooperation by both Once the fourth largest body of freshwater in the countries and the neighboring states and provinces world, it decreased greatly in size and deteriorated have alleviated these problems, but fish contamina- into a body of water with a higher saline concentra- tion remains. tion than the oceans. In contrast, Hudson Bay has Finally, sedimentology, including the influence been left relatively untouched, but that situation may of running and standing water on sediments and re- change as demand for mineral resources and water sulting landforms, is presented. Depositional systems power increases. The Atlantic and Indian Oceans, such as alluvial systems and deltas create valuable along with their climate influences and economic farmland but, in turn, are related to streams or rivers importance, have fascinating geologic features and overflowing their banks. Evaporites and deep-sea marine ecologies. The Arctic Ocean illustrates the se- sedimentation both result in valuable resources for verity of the intensification of the greenhouse effect.
Recommended publications
  • Imaging Laurentide Ice Sheet Drainage Into the Deep Sea: Impact on Sediments and Bottom Water

    Imaging Laurentide Ice Sheet Drainage Into the Deep Sea: Impact on Sediments and Bottom Water

    Imaging Laurentide Ice Sheet Drainage into the Deep Sea: Impact on Sediments and Bottom Water Reinhard Hesse*, Ingo Klaucke, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7, Canada William B. F. Ryan, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964-8000 Margo B. Edwards, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 David J. W. Piper, Geological Survey of Canada—Atlantic, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2, Canada NAMOC Study Group† ABSTRACT the western Atlantic, some 5000 to 6000 State-of-the-art sidescan-sonar imagery provides a bird’s-eye view of the giant km from their source. submarine drainage system of the Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel Drainage of the ice sheet involved (NAMOC) in the Labrador Sea and reveals the far-reaching effects of drainage of the repeated collapse of the ice dome over Pleistocene Laurentide Ice Sheet into the deep sea. Two large-scale depositional Hudson Bay, releasing vast numbers of ice- systems resulting from this drainage, one mud dominated and the other sand bergs from the Hudson Strait ice stream in dominated, are juxtaposed. The mud-dominated system is associated with the short time spans. The repeat interval was meandering NAMOC, whereas the sand-dominated one forms a giant submarine on the order of 104 yr. These dramatic ice- braid plain, which onlaps the eastern NAMOC levee. This dichotomy is the result of rafting events, named Heinrich events grain-size separation on an enormous scale, induced by ice-margin sifting off the (Broecker et al., 1992), occurred through- Hudson Strait outlet.
  • The Cordilleran Ice Sheet 3 4 Derek B

    The Cordilleran Ice Sheet 3 4 Derek B

    1 2 The cordilleran ice sheet 3 4 Derek B. Booth1, Kathy Goetz Troost1, John J. Clague2 and Richard B. Waitt3 5 6 1 Departments of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, 7 Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195, USA (206)543-7923 Fax (206)685-3836. 8 2 Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada 9 3 U.S. Geological Survey, Cascade Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, WA, USA 10 11 12 Introduction techniques yield crude but consistent chronologies of local 13 and regional sequences of alternating glacial and nonglacial 14 The Cordilleran ice sheet, the smaller of two great continental deposits. These dates secure correlations of many widely 15 ice sheets that covered North America during Quaternary scattered exposures of lithologically similar deposits and 16 glacial periods, extended from the mountains of coastal south show clear differences among others. 17 and southeast Alaska, along the Coast Mountains of British Besides improvements in geochronology and paleoenvi- 18 Columbia, and into northern Washington and northwestern ronmental reconstruction (i.e. glacial geology), glaciology 19 Montana (Fig. 1). To the west its extent would have been provides quantitative tools for reconstructing and analyzing 20 limited by declining topography and the Pacific Ocean; to the any ice sheet with geologic data to constrain its physical form 21 east, it likely coalesced at times with the western margin of and history. Parts of the Cordilleran ice sheet, especially 22 the Laurentide ice sheet to form a continuous ice sheet over its southwestern margin during the last glaciation, are well 23 4,000 km wide.
  • Hudson Bay Ice Conditions

    Hudson Bay Ice Conditions

    Hudson Bay Ice Conditions ERIC W. DANIELSON, JR.l ABSTRACT.Monthly mean ice cover distributions for Hudson Bay have been derived, based upon an analysis of nine years of aerial reconnaissance and other data. Information is presented in map form, along with diseussian Of significant features. Ice break-up is seen to work southward from the western, northern, and eastern edges of the Bay; the pattern seems to be a result of local topography, cur- rents, and persistent winds. Final melting occurs in August. Freeze-up commences in October, along the northwestern shore, and proceeds southeastward. The entire Bay is ice-covered by early January,except for persistent shore leads. RÉSUMÉ. Conditions de la glace dans la mer d’Hudson. A partir de l’analyse de neuf années de reconnaissances aériennes et d’autres données, on a pu déduire des moyennes mensuelles de distribution de la glace pour la mer d’Hudson. L‘informa- tion est présentte sous formes de cartes et de discussion des Cléments significatifs. On y voit que la débâcle progresse vers le sud à partir des marges ouest, nord et est dela mer; cette séquence sembleêtre le résultat de la topographielocale, des courants et .des vents dominants. La fonte se termine en aofit. L’enge€wommence en octobre le long de la rive nord-ouest et progresse vers le sud-est. Sauf pow les chenaux côtiers persistants, la mer est entihrement gelée au début de janvier. INTRODUCTION In many respects, ice cover is a basic hydrometeorological variable. In Hudson Bay (Fig. 1) it might be considered the most basic of all, as it influences all other conditions so decisively.
  • Orbital Control of Productivity and of Sea-Ice Production/Drifting in the Central Arctic Ocean During the Late Quaternary

    Orbital Control of Productivity and of Sea-Ice Production/Drifting in the Central Arctic Ocean During the Late Quaternary

    Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 21, EGU2019-1743, 2019 EGU General Assembly 2019 © Author(s) 2018. CC Attribution 4.0 license. Orbital control of productivity and of sea-ice production/drifting in the central Arctic Ocean during the late Quaternary Claude Hillaire-Marcel (1), Anne de Vernal (1), Yanguang Liu (2), Jenny Maccali (3), Karl Purcell (1), Bassam Ghaleb (1), Allison Jacobel (4), Rüdiger Stein (5), Jerry McManus (4), and Michel Crucifix (6) (1) GEOTOP-UQAM, Université du Québec, Montreal, Canada ([email protected]), (2) First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, China (yanguangliu@fio.org.cn), (3) Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway ([email protected]), (4) Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, New-York, USA ([email protected]), (5) Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany ([email protected]), (6) ELIC, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (michel.crucifi[email protected]) The recently revised chronostratigraphy of the central Arctic Ocean sedimentary sequences (https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007050) provides the means to insert the Arctic paleoceanography into the Earth’s global climate history. Based on magnetostratigraphy, 14C ages and 230Th-231Pa excess extinction ages in a series of sedimentary cores raised from the Mendeleev and Lomonosov ridges by the R/V Polarstern, Healy and MV Xue Long ice-breakers, with chronological complementary information from pre-2000 studies, we have been able to estimate sedimentation rates ranging from less than a few mm/ka to a few cm/ka along these ridges, with the highest accumulation rates eastward, near the ice-factories of the Russian shelf.
  • The Southampton Island Marine Ecosystem Project 2019 Cruise

    The Southampton Island Marine Ecosystem Project 2019 Cruise

    Southampton Island The Southampton Island Marine Ecosystem Project 2019 Cruise Report 5-29 August MV William Kennedy SIMEP 2019 Cruise Report Table of Contents Section 1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 Section 2. Physical Oceanography .................................................................................. 6 Section 3. Biogeochemistry .......................................................................................... 14 Section 4. Phytoplankton .............................................................................................. 20 Section 5. Kelp .............................................................................................................. 28 Section 6. Zooplankton and Fish .................................................................................. 38 Section 7. Sediments ..................................................................................................... 44 Appendix: Ship Log ...................................................................................................... 49 Appendix: Phyto Net Log ............................................................................................. 71 Appendix: Sediment stations ........................................................................................ 79 SIMEP 2019 Cruise Report Section 1. Introduction Climate warming is forcing rapid change to Canada’s marine Arctic icescape (Hochheim and Barber 2010) and its associated ecosystem,
  • 198 13. Repulse Bay. This Is an Important Summer Area for Seals

    198 13. Repulse Bay. This Is an Important Summer Area for Seals

    198 13. Repulse Bay. This is an important summer area for seals (Canadian Wildlife Service 1972) and a primary seal-hunting area for Repulse Bay. 14. Roes Welcome Sound. This is an important concentration area for ringed seals and an important hunting area for Repulse Bay. Marine traffic, materials staging, and construction of the crossing could displace seals or degrade their habitat. 15. Southampton-Coats Island. The southern coastal area of Southampton Island is an important concentration area for ringed seals and is the primary ringed and bearded seal hunting area for the Coral Harbour Inuit. Fisher and Evans Straits and all coasts of Coats Island are important seal-hunting areas in late summer and early fall. Marine traffic, materials staging, and construction of the crossing could displace seals or degrade their habitat. 16.7.2 Communities Affected Communities that could be affected by impacts on seal populations are Resolute and, to a lesser degree, Spence Bay, Chesterfield Inlet, and Gjoa Haven. Effects on Arctic Bay would be minor. Coral Harbour and Repulse Bay could be affected if the Quebec route were chosen. Seal meat makes up the most important part of the diet in Resolute, Spence Bay, Coral Harbour, Repulse Bay, and Arctic Bay. It is a secondary, but still important food in Chesterfield Inlet and Gjoa Haven. Seal skins are an important source of income for Spence Bay, Resolute, Coral Harbour, Repulse Bay, and Arctic Bay and a less important income source for Chesterfield Inlet and Gjoa Haven. 16.7.3 Data Gaps Major data gaps concerning impacts on seal populations are: 1.
  • The Most Extensive Holocene Advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, Occurred in the Little Ice Age Brenda L

    The Most Extensive Holocene Advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, Occurred in the Little Ice Age Brenda L

    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Earth Science Faculty Scholarship Earth Sciences 8-1-2008 The oM st Extensive Holocene Advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, Occurred in the Little ceI Age Brenda L. Hall University of Maine - Main, [email protected] Carlo Baroni George H. Denton University of Maine - Main, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/ers_facpub Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Repository Citation Hall, Brenda L.; Baroni, Carlo; and Denton, George H., "The osM t Extensive Holocene Advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, Occurred in the Little cI e Age" (2008). Earth Science Faculty Scholarship. 103. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/ers_facpub/103 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Earth Science Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The most extensive Holocene advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, occurred in the Little Ice Age Brenda L. Hall1, Carlo Baroni2 & George H. Denton1 1 Dept. of Earth Sciences and the Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA 2 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, IT-56126 Pisa, Italy Keywords Abstract Glaciation; Greenland; Holocene; Little Ice Age. We present glacial geologic and chronologic data concerning the Holocene ice extent in the Stauning Alper of East Greenland. The retreat of ice from the Correspondence late-glacial position back into the mountains was accomplished by at least Brenda L.
  • Dicionarioct.Pdf

    Dicionarioct.Pdf

    McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Earth Science Second Edition McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be repro- duced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-141798-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141045-7 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw- Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decom- pile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent.
  • QAQSAUQTUUQ MIGRATORY BIRD SANCTUARY MANAGEMENT PLAN [January 2020] Acknowledgements

    QAQSAUQTUUQ MIGRATORY BIRD SANCTUARY MANAGEMENT PLAN [January 2020] Acknowledgements

    QAQSAUQTUUQ MIGRATORY BIRD SANCTUARY MANAGEMENT PLAN [January 2020] Acknowledgements: Current and former members of the Irniurviit Area Co-management Committee (Irniurviit ACMC) developed the following management plan. Members are: Noah Kadlak, Kevin Angootealuk, Jean-Francois Dufour, Willie Adams, Annie Ningeongan, Louisa Kudluk, Armand Angootealuk, Darryl Nakoolak, Willie Eetuk, and Randy Kataluk. Chris Grosset (Aarluk Consulting Ltd.) and Kim Klaczek prepared the outline, document inventory and early drafts. Susan M. Stephenson (CWS) and Kevin J. McCormick (CWS) drafted an earlier version of the management plan in 1986. Ron Ningeongan (Kivalliq Inuit Association, Community Liaison Officer) and Cindy Ningeongan (Interpreter) contributed to the success of the establishment and operation of the Irniurviit ACMC. Suzie Napayok (Tusaajiit Translations) translated into Inuktitut all ACMC documents leading to and including this management plan. Jim Leafloor (CWS), Paul Smith (ECCC), and Grant Gilchrist (ECCC) contributed information and expert review throughout the management planning process. The Irniurviit ACMC and CWS also wish to thank the community of Coral Harbour and all the organizations and people who reviewed this document at any part of the management planning process. Copies of this Plan are available at the following addresses: Environment and Climate Change Canada Public inquiries centre Fontaine Building 12th floor 200 Sacré-Coeur Blvd Gatineau, QC. K1A 0H3 Telephone: 819-938-3860 Toll-free: 1-800-668-6767 (in Canada only) Email: [email protected] Environment and Climate Change Canada – Canadian Wildlife Service Northern Region 3rd Floor, 933 Mivvik Street PO Box 1870 Iqaluit, NU. X0A 0H0 Telephone: 867-975-4642 Environment and Climate Change Canada Protected Areas website: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife-areas.html ISBN: [to be provided for final version only] Cat.
  • Back Matter (PDF)

    Back Matter (PDF)

    Index Page numbers in italic denote figures. Page numbers in bold denote tables. ablation, effect of debris cover 28–29 40Ar/39Ar dating 3,4 accumulation area ratios Apennine tephra 163, 165, 168 Azzaden valley 28–29 Aralar 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 67, 70, 75 Gesso Basin 141 Arba´s/Alto Bernesga 58, 59, 62 Mt Chelmos 218, 227, 229, 230 Aremogna Plain 171, 172, 173, 174, 175 Tazaghart and Adrar Iouzagner 44–45 Argentera 7, 138, 139, 153 Uludag˘ 261 Arie`ge catchment 112, 130 Adrar Iouzagner plateau 25, 26, 27 Arinsal valley 119, 120, 121, 129 ice fields 49–50 radiocarbon dating 121–123, 125 palaeoglacier reconstruction 44–48 Assif n’Ouarhou valley 27,44 age of glaciations 48–49 Atlas Mountains 4, 7,25–50 regolith 42–44 climate 26, 28, 29, 49–50 valley geomorphology 39–44 reconstruction 47–48 Afella North 27, 35, 45 current state of knowledge 5–6 African Humid Periods 49 modern glaciers 11, 12 Akdag˘ 7, 290, 291 palaeoglacier reconstructions 28–29, 44–48 glaciation 262, 263, 264, 265, 271, 272, 292–293, 294, age of glaciations 48–49 295, 296, 297 plateau ice fields 49–50 Aksoual 25 atmospheric circulation, Mediterranean Basin 1, 10, 138, age of glaciation 48, 50 179, 186, 232, 289 Aksu Glacier 262, 263, 264, 265, 297, 302 atmospheric depressions, North Atlantic Ocean 1, 6, 8, 10, Aladag˘lar 7, 290, 291 14, 47, 49–50, 78–79, 87–88, 131, 138 glaciation 295, 296, 297, 298, 301 Aure`s Mountains 5 Alago¨l Valley 275–277 Azib Ifergane valley 40,44 glacial chronology 281, 282, 283, 284–285, 297, 298 Azzaden valley Albania, glaciers 11 accumulation
  • The Geologic Record of the Antarctic Ice Sheet from Drilling, Coring and Seismic Studies

    The Geologic Record of the Antarctic Ice Sheet from Drilling, Coring and Seismic Studies

    Direttore Enzo Boschi Comitato di Redazione Cesidio Bianchi Tecnologia Geofisica Rodolfo Console Sismologia Giorgiana De Franceschi Relazioni Sole-Terra Leonardo Sagnotti Geomagnetismo Giancarlo Scalera Geodinamica Ufficio Editoriale Francesca Di Stefano Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Via di Vigna Murata, 605 00143 Roma Tel. (06) 51860468 Telefax: (06) 51860507 e-mail: [email protected] Extended Abstracts for the International ANTOSTRAT Symposium on THE GEOLOGIC RECORD OF THE ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET FROM DRILLING, CORING AND SEISMIC STUDIES “Ettore Majorana” Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture, Erice, Italy, September 8-14, 2001 Edited by Fabio Florindo and Alan K. Cooper Conveners of the symposium (ANTOSTRAT Steering Committee) A. Cooper P. Barker P. Barrett G. Brancolini I. Goodwin Y. Kristoffersen R. Oglesby P. O’Brien Directors of the symposium A. Cooper F. Florindo A. Meloni Director of the School E. Boschi Director of the Center A. Zichichi Contents Foreword.............................................................................................................................................................IX ********** Carbonate Diagenesis of the Cenozoic Sedimentary Successions Recovered at the CRP-1, 2 and 3 Drillsites, Ross Sea, Antarctica. An Overview F.S. Aghib, M. Ripamonti and G. Riva...........................................................................................................1 Late Quaternary Fluctuations in the Antarctic Ice Sheet J.B. Anderson, S.S. Shipp, A.L. Lowe, J.W. Wellner
  • Ice-Rafted Detritus Events in the Arctic During the Last Glacial Interval, and the Timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide Ice Sheet Calving Events Dennis A

    Ice-Rafted Detritus Events in the Arctic During the Last Glacial Interval, and the Timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide Ice Sheet Calving Events Dennis A

    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons OEAS Faculty Publications Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences 8-2008 Ice-Rafted Detritus Events in the Arctic During the Last Glacial Interval, and the Timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide Ice Sheet Calving Events Dennis A. Darby Old Dominion University, [email protected] Paula Zimmerman Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/oeas_fac_pubs Part of the Glaciology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Repository Citation Darby, Dennis A. and Zimmerman, Paula, "Ice-Rafted Detritus Events in the Arctic During the Last Glacial Interval, and the Timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide Ice Sheet Calving Events" (2008). OEAS Faculty Publications. 18. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/oeas_fac_pubs/18 Original Publication Citation Darby, D. A., & Zimmerman, P. (2008). Ice-rafted detritus events in the Arctic during the last glacial interval, and the timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide ice sheet calving events. Polar Research, 27(2), 114-127. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-8369.2008.00057.x This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in OEAS Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ice-rafted detritus events in the Arctic during the last glacial interval, and the timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide ice sheet calving events Dennis A. Darby & Paula Zimmerman Dept. of Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA Keywords Abstract Arctic Ocean; ice-rafting events; glacial collapses; sea ice; Fe grain provenance.