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Victor Or Villain? Wernher Von Braun and the Space Race
The Social Studies (2011) 102, 59–64 Copyright C Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0037-7996 print / 2152-405X online DOI: 10.1080/00377996.2010.484444 Victor or Villain? Wernher von Braun and the Space Race JASON L. O’BRIEN1 and CHRISTINE E. SEARS2 1Education Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA 2History Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA Set during the Cold War and space race, this historical role-play focuses on Wernher von Braun’s involvement in and culpability for the use of slave laborers to produce V-2 rockets for Nazi Germany. Students will grapple with two central questions. Should von Braun have been allowed to emigrate to the United States given his affiliation with the Nazis and use of slave laborers? Should the U.S. government and military have put Braun in powerful positions in NASA and military programs? This activity encourages students to hone their critical thinking skills as they consider and debate a complex, multi-layered historical scenario. Students also have opportunity to articulate persuasive arguments either for or against von Braun. Each character sketch includes basic information, but additional references are included for teachers and students who want a more in depth background. Keywords: role-play, Wernher von Braun, Space Race, active learning Victor or Villain? Wernher von Braun and the Space Role-Playing as an Instructional Strategy Race By engaging in historical role-plays, students can explore In 2009, the United States celebrated the fortieth anniver- different viewpoints regarding controversial topics (Clegg sary of the Apollo 11 crew’s landing on the moon. -
How Doc Draper Became the Father of Inertial Guidance
(Preprint) AAS 18-121 HOW DOC DRAPER BECAME THE FATHER OF INERTIAL GUIDANCE Philip D. Hattis* With Missouri roots, a Stanford Psychology degree, and a variety of MIT de- grees, Charles Stark “Doc” Draper formulated the basis for reliable and accurate gyro-based sensing technology that enabled the first and many subsequent iner- tial navigation systems. Working with colleagues and students, he created an Instrumentation Laboratory that developed bombsights that changed the balance of World War II in the Pacific. His engineering teams then went on to develop ever smaller and more accurate inertial navigation for aircraft, submarines, stra- tegic missiles, and spaceflight. The resulting inertial navigation systems enable national security, took humans to the Moon, and continue to find new applica- tions. This paper discusses the history of Draper’s path to becoming known as the “Father of Inertial Guidance.” FROM DRAPER’S MISSOURI ROOTS TO MIT ENGINEERING Charles Stark Draper was born in 1901 in Windsor Missouri. His father was a dentist and his mother (nee Stark) was a school teacher. The Stark family developed the Stark apple that was popular in the Midwest and raised the family to prominence1 including a cousin, Lloyd Stark, who became governor of Missouri in 1937. Draper was known to his family and friends as Stark (Figure 1), and later in life was known by colleagues as Doc. During his teenage years, Draper enjoyed tinkering with automobiles. He also worked as an electric linesman (Figure 2), and at age 15 began a liberal arts education at the University of Mis- souri in Rolla. -
J Ui Llet-Ao0t-Septe M Bre J U I I-A Ugustus-Septembe R
SOCIETE ROYALE KONINKLIJKE MAATSCHAPPIJ s.s.b.l. Pionniers cr Ancicns dc I'Aviation v.z.w. Pionicrs en Anciens van de Luchtvaart sous le Haut Parronage de S.M. le Roi onder dc Hogc Bescherming van Z.M. de Koning P6riodique trimestriel - Driemaandelijke periodiek Seiziime ann& - Zestiende jaar N" 3r96 Nr 3/96 J ui llet-Ao0t-Septe m bre J u I i-A ugustus-Septembe r Victor Ortmans, DFC Capitaine-aviateu r Kapitein-vlieger a.s.b.l. LES VIEILLES TlGES DE BEGIQUE v.zw Sidge social-Maatschappelijke zetel D6pos6 au Bureau de poste Maison des Ailes I 150 Brucelles l5 rue Montoyer straat I . l000Bruxelles-Brussel Sivous changez d'adresse ou de num6ro de t6l6phone, n'oubliez pas de nous en aviser, Gommuniquez nous aussi vos 6v6nements familiaux importants en contactant de pr6f6rence le Secr6taire-g6n6ral ou tout autre membre du conseil d'administration. lndien u een adres-of teleloonwiiziging hebt, laat ons weten. DeeI ook aan de Secretaris-generaal at uW_belangriike familiale gebeurtenissen mee of aan ider lid van de beheerraad Composition du conseil d'administration Samenstelling van de raad van bestuur President / Voorzitter: Leon BRANDERS Vice-presidents / Vice-Voorzitters: Jacques DOME Jean KAMERS Secretaire-general / Secretaris-generaal: Robert FEUILLEN Tresorier / Schatbewaarder: Paul JOUREZ Secr6taire-adj oint / Adjunct-secretaris. Charles PEYRASSOL Administrateurs. Eric BOUZIN Georges de CONINCK Andre DILLIEN Pierre HALLET Hubert MOJET Norbert NIELS Jacques ROELAIID-I{ELMAN Gerard VERMANDER Attention ! Ailes) Nouveau code postal Pour notre siage social (Maison des l0OO Bruxelles au lieu de 1040 Aan dacht! Nieuw postnummer voor onze maatschappeliike zetel (Huis der Vleugels) l0O0 Brussel in Plaats van 1040 Le capitaine aviateur Vietor Ortmans, DFC Parrain de la promotion d'6lives-pilotes 88A Le capitaine aviateur Victor Ortmans est n6 d Londres le 17 avril 1915. -
CHRIST CHURCH LIBRARY NEWSLETTER Volume 7, Issue 3 Trinity 2011
CHRIST CHURCH LIBRARY NEWSLETTER Volume 7, Issue 3 Trinity 2011 ISSN 1756-6797 (Print), ISSN 1756-6800 (Online) The Aeschylus of Richard Porson CATALOGUING ‘Z’ - EARLY PRINTED PAMPHLETS Among the treasures of the library of Christ Church is It is often asserted that an individual is that which an edition of the seven preserved plays of they eat. Whether or not this is true in a literal sense, Aeschylus, the earliest of the great Athenian writers the diet to which one adheres has certain, of tragedy. This folio volume, published in Glasgow, predictable effects on one’s physiology. As a result, 1795, by the Foulis (‘fowls’) Press, a distinguished the food we consume can affect our day to day life in publisher of classical and other works, contains the respect to our energy levels, our size, our Greek text of the plays, presented in the most demeanour, and our overall health. And, also as a uncompromising manner. I propose first to describe result, this affects how we address the world, it this extraordinary volume and then to look at its affects our outlook on life and how we interact with place in the history of classical scholarship. The book others. This is all circling back around so that I can contains a title page in classical Greek, an ancient ask the question: are we also that which we read? To life of Aeschylus in Greek, and ‘hypotheses’ or an extent, a person in their early years likely does summaries of the plays, some in Greek and some in not have the monetary or intellectual freedom to Latin. -
3.1 the Dambusters Revisited
The Dambusters Revisited J.L. HINKS, Halcrow Group Ltd. C. HEITEFUSS, Ruhr River Association M. CHRIMES, Institution of Civil Engineers SYNOPSIS. The British raid on the Möhne, Eder and Sorpe dams on the night of 16/17 May, 1943 caused the breaching of the 40m high Möhne and 48m high Eder dams and serious damage to the 69m high Sorpe dam. This paper considers the planning for the raid, model testing, the raid itself, the effects of the breaches and the subsequent rehabilitation of the dams. Whilst the subject is of considerable historical interest it also has significant contemporary relevance. Events following the breaching of the dams have been used for the calibration of dambreak studies and emphasise the vulnerability of road and railway bridges which is not always acknowledged in contemporary studies. INTRODUCTION In researching this paper the authors have been very struck by the human interest in the story of English, German and Ukrainian people, whether civilian or in uniform, who participated in some aspect of the raid or who lost their lives or homes. As befits a paper for the British Dam Society, this paper, however, concentrates on the technical questions that arise, leaving the human story to others. This paper was prompted by the BDS sponsored visit, in April 2009, to the Derwent Reservoir by 43 members of the Association of Friends of the Hubert-Engels Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Applied Hydromechanics at Dresden University of Technology. There is a small museum at the dam run by Vic Hallam, an employee of Severn Trent Water. -
Chapter 6.Qxd
CHAPTER 6: The NASA Family The melding of all of the NASA centers, contractors, universities, and often strong personalities associated with each of them into the productive and efficient organization necessary to complete NASA’s space missions became both more critical and more difficult as NASA turned its attention from Gemini to Apollo. The approach and style and, indeed, the personality of each NASA center differed sharply. The Manned Spacecraft Center was distinctive among all the rest. Fortune magazine suggested in 1967 that the scale of NASA’s operation required a whole new approach and style of management: “To master such massively complex and expensive problems, the agency has mobilized some 20,000 individual firms, more than 400,000 workers, and 200 colleges and universities in a combine of the most advanced resources of American civilization.” The author referred to some of the eight NASA centers and assorted field installations as “pockets of sovereignty” which exercised an enormous degree of independence and autonomy.1 An enduring part of the management problem throughout the Mercury and Gemini programs that became compounded under Apollo, because of its greater technical challenges, was the diversity and distinctiveness of each of the NASA centers. The diverse cultures and capabilities represented by each of the centers were at once the space program’s greatest resource and its Achilles’ heel. NASA was a hybrid organization. At its heart was Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory established by Congress in 1917 near Hampton, Virginia, and formally dedicated in 1920. It became the Langley Research Center. Langley created the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory at Moffett Field, California, in 1939. -
Bienvenue Autre Part 71E
o 1 L’Écho du Pas-de-Calais n 173 – Septembre 2017 Septembre 2017 o n 173 ISSN 1254-5171 Mitan cuit, cha n’sint pont l’brûlé www.pasdecalais.fr p. 10 Photo LPO 62 L’enquête « moineaux » p. 12 Photo Yannick Cadart Bienvenue Autre part p. 22 Photo Christian Defrance 71e GPI – Pas-de-Calais COLLÈGES DU 21e SIÈCLE Notre dossier pages 16-17 Photo Sébastien Jarry 2 360° L’Écho du Pas-de-Calais no 173 – Septembre 2017 Sommaire 4 Vie des territoires La Cote 70 à jamais Photo Jérôme Pouille 15 Grande Guerre dans les mémoires 16 Dossier 18 Vie pratique 20 Expression des élus 21 Identité 22 Sports Annoncer un événement, proposer un reportage… une seule adresse : 24 Arts & Spectacles f5 rue du 19-Mars 1962 62000 Dainville 26 À l’air livre Entre les 15 et 25 août 1917 sont tombés sur le sol de Loos-en-Gohelle plus de 9 000 soldats canadiens venus libérer le peuple français. C’est la bataille de la Cote 70. Malgré son importance décisive pour la victoire des alliés ; malgré son caractère exceptionnel pour le Canada, elle a longtemps été oubliée. Désormais, un Mé- morial s’élève fièrement au cœur de la commune. Inauguré en avril dernier par le Gouverneur général du Canada, il a accueilli récemment une commémoration 27 Agenda émouvante. Les habitants s’y sont associés avec « une profonde reconnaissance », ce sont les mots du maire Jean-François Caron. Entre sonnerie aux morts et sanglots de cornemuses, dépôts de gerbe et interventions de dignitaires canadiens et français, l’événement s’est fait, selon Mark Hutchings, président de la fondation qui a financé le mémorial, Hill 70, « le symbole de la solidarité de deux blocs démocratiques partageant le même esprit ». -
PEENEMUENDE, NATIONAL SOCIALISM, and the V-2 MISSILE, 1924-1945 Michael
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: ENGINEERING CONSENT: PEENEMUENDE, NATIONAL SOCIALISM, AND THE V-2 MISSILE, 1924-1945 Michael Brian Petersen, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Jeffrey Herf Departmen t of History This dissertation is the story of the German scientists and engineers who developed, tested, and produced the V-2 missile, the world’s first liquid -fueled ballistic missile. It examines the social, political, and cultural roots of the prog ram in the Weimar Republic, the professional world of the Peenemünde missile base, and the results of the specialists’ decision to use concentration camp slave labor to produce the missile. Previous studies of this subject have been the domain of either of sensationalistic journalists or the unabashed admirers of the German missile pioneers. Only rarely have historians ventured into this area of inquiry, fruitfully examining the history of the German missile program from the top down while noting its admi nistrative battles and technical development. However, this work has been done at the expense of a detailed examination of the mid and lower -level employees who formed the backbone of the research and production effort. This work addresses that shortcomi ng by investigating the daily lives of these employees and the social, cultural, and political environment in which they existed. It focuses on the key questions of dedication, motivation, and criminality in the Nazi regime by asking “How did Nazi authori ties in charge of the missile program enlist the support of their employees in their effort?” “How did their work translate into political consent for the regime?” “How did these employees come to view slave labor as a viable option for completing their work?” This study is informed by traditions in European intellectual and social history while borrowing from different methods of sociology and anthropology. -
A Tribute to Bomber Command Cranwellians
RAF COLLEGE CRANWELL “The Cranwellian Many” A Tribute to Bomber Command Cranwellians Version 1.0 dated 9 November 2020 IBM Steward 6GE In its electronic form, this document contains underlined, hypertext links to additional material, including alternative source data and archived video/audio clips. [To open these links in a separate browser tab and thus not lose your place in this e-document, press control+click (Windows) or command+click (Apple Mac) on the underlined word or image] Bomber Command - the Cranwellian Contribution RAF Bomber Command was formed in 1936 when the RAF was restructured into four Commands, the other three being Fighter, Coastal and Training Commands. At that time, it was a commonly held view that the “bomber will always get through” and without the assistance of radar, yet to be developed, fighters would have insufficient time to assemble a counter attack against bomber raids. In certain quarters, it was postulated that strategic bombing could determine the outcome of a war. The reality was to prove different as reflected by Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Harris - interviewed here by Air Vice-Marshal Professor Tony Mason - at a tremendous cost to Bomber Command aircrew. Bomber Command suffered nearly 57,000 losses during World War II. Of those, our research suggests that 490 Cranwellians (75 flight cadets and 415 SFTS aircrew) were killed in action on Bomber Command ops; their squadron badges are depicted on the last page of this tribute. The totals are based on a thorough analysis of a Roll of Honour issued in the RAF College Journal of 2006, archived flight cadet and SFTS trainee records, the definitive International Bomber Command Centre (IBCC) database and inputs from IBCC historian Dr Robert Owen in “Our Story, Your History”, and the data contained in WR Chorley’s “Bomber Command Losses of the Second World War, Volume 9”. -
Wernher Von Braun a Scientist in War Time
Wernher Von Braun A scientist in war time Visa : Bruno Decriem Educational department 1 2 Objectifs pédagogiques Ce parcours, destiné à des élèves de collège présente le parcours d’un scientifique Wernher von Braun. Parcours pluridisciplinaire, à dominante sciences, il associe Sciences et Histoire, il aborde l’éthique des sciences et techniques et se termine sur une réflexion citoyenne et humanitaire. L’élève doit prélever dans les expositions les informations qui lui permettront de reconstituer le parcours humain et scientifique de Von Braun. Ce dossier est présenté sous forme de fiches pour que le professeur puisse les adapter à sa propre démarche pédagogique. Contenu des fiches Fiche 1 –Von Braun : sa jeunesse Ce jeune scientifique est recruté par l’armée allemande pour construire des armes nouvelles. La fusée A4/V2 et son principe de fonctionnement sont développés pour comprendre l’utilisation de cette nouvelle arme de destruction massive. Des projets inquiétants sont étudiés dans les laboratoires de Peenemünde. Fiche 2 – Von Braun : sa période nazie Par opportunisme et pour continuer à pouvoir développer son rêve, Von Braun intègre volontairement et, au plus haut niveau, le parti nazi. Charismatique, charmeur, obstiné et convaincant, il séduit Hitler et obtient des moyens financiers et technologiques considérables pour mettre au point à Peenemünde le premier missile de l’Histoire. Ces armes terroristes sont utilisées contre des civils et provoquent d’énormes destructions à Londres et Anvers. Fiche 3 – Von Braun : sa période américaine. A partir de 1945, Von Braun va vivre une nouvelle existence en participant à la mise au point des premiers missiles américains. -
Die Region Gedenkt Der Grenzöffnung Vor 25 Jahren Drei Landkreise Feiern Gemeinsam in Lehesten - Würdigung Der Wichtigen Rolle Der Kirche Lehesten (AB/Mo)
Gemeinsames Amts- und Mitteilungsblatt des Landkreises Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, der Städte Saalfeld/Saale, Rudolstadt und Bad Blankenburg 14/14 Amtsblatt 21. JAHRGANG 12. November 2 01 4 Die Feengrotten (im Bild) und das Schillerhaus standen auf In der KZ-Gedenkstätte Laura (im Bild) und auf dem Altva - dem touristischen Besuchsprogramm der Tier-Saarburger Dele - terturm stand das Erinnern an die gemeinsame deutsche Ge - gation am Wochenende. Foto: pl schichte im Mittelpunkt. Foto:pl Die Region gedenkt der Grenzöffnung vor 25 Jahren Drei Landkreise feiern gemeinsam in Lehesten - Würdigung der wichtigen Rolle der Kirche _Lehesten (AB/mo). Das bedeu - 25 Jahre nach dem Fall der Ber - „Dass die Grenzöffnung mit Got - leben, sind in den vergangenen tendste Ereignis der jüngeren liner Mauer erinnern auch im tesdiensten gefeiert wird, erinnert 25 Jahren enge Freundschaften deutschen Geschichte, das Ende Landkreis zahlreiche Veranstal - uns an die wichtige Rolle der mit den Thüringern entstanden. der deutschen Teilung, erreichte tungen und Initiativen an den Kirche in dem Prozess. Ludwigs - Mit der Vorstellung der neu ge - die Region am unmittelbarsten Beginn des Wiedervereinigungs - stadts Pfarrer Albrecht Bischoff stalteten KZ-Gedenkstätte Laura heute vor 25 Jahren: Am 12. No - prozesses. Dabei steht in diesem nennt es zurecht das „Geschenk und des Altvaterturms bei Le - vember 1989 war der Grenzüber - Jahr die Region um Lehesten im der Grenzöffnung“, betont Land - hesten, der von Vertriebenen als gang zwischen Probstzella und Mittelpunkt. Am 9. November rat Marko Wolfram. Zeichen zur Erinnerung und der Ludwigsstadt am Falkenstein als hatten die Christen des Kirchen - Treffen der Landkreise Versöhnung erbaut worden war, erster Übergang der Region ge - kreises Rudolstadt-Saalfeld und Lehesten war am 9. -
Auf Den Spuren Des Blauen Goldes
Auf den Spuren des blauen Goldes Entdeckungen am Schieferpfad Schieferpfad am Grünen Band lich hochinteressante Region Liebe Besucher des ThüringischFränkischen und Wanderer, Schiefergebirges können Sie bei einer Wanderung auf dem Schieferpfad kennen lernen. der Schieferpfad führt Sie durch Naturparkgebiete, die Der Schieferpfad ist als großer vom Schiefergestein und dem Rundweg von ca. 60 km ange damit verbundenen Schiefer legt. Wo Sie Ihre Wanderung bergbau geprägt sind. Eines beginnen, können Sie selbst der Zentren der Schiefer verständlich frei entscheiden. gewinnung war das Gebiet schaft vernarben, aber man Besonders ans Herz legen zwischen Probstzella, darf nicht vergessen, dass möchten wir Ihnen die vier Lehesten, Ludwigsstadt und der Schieferbergbau für viele kleinen Rundwege um die Gräfenthal. Hier wurde seit Menschen in dieser Gegend Orte Probstzella, Lehesten, Jahrhunderten hochwertiger auch einen, sicherlich eher Ludwigsstadt und Gräfenthal. Dach, Wand und Tafel bescheidenen, Broterwerb be Diese in zwei bis vier Stun schiefer abgebaut. Während deutete. Diese erdgeschicht den gut zu bewältigenden die Schieferbrüche langsam Wanderungen verschaffen von der Natur zurück erobert Ihnen einen ersten Einblick werden, sind die Städte in die Schönheiten unserer „Schiefermann“ an der Gedenkstätte Laura und Dörfer mit ihren blau Landschaft. schwarzen Schieferdächern Für den hungrigen und müden und fassaden immer noch Wanderer stehen in den Orten ein prägendes Element ländliche Gasthäuser und dieser charakteristi Übernachtungsmöglichkeiten