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Peace and Conflict: Europe and Beyond

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Peace and Conflict: Europe and Beyond Cub Peace and Conflict 2 (10mm) 27/12/06 11:53 Página 1 Alexander I Gray and Ibrahim Al-Marashi (eds.) Peace and Conflict: Education and Culture Europe and Beyond Socrates Peace and Conflict Studies is an increasingly observed discipline, as researchers seek to investigate complex issues and to aid in the building of knowledge which can be used towards transforming conflict. Analyzing case studies from Europe and beyond, this edited On-going Research volume seeks to provide theoretical tools and alternative approaches for examining the root causes of violence, and to extrapolate possibilities for transcending peace through conflict transformation. The reader is presented with specific case studies from the Middle East, Thesis South Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean rim and South America. Thesis What differentiates this work is that more than just analyzing the conflicts, contributors offer either methodological or theoretical alternatives for their transformation. While not discarding the value of On-going Research traditional approaches to conflict resolution a new generation of peace On-going Research workers is emerging and proposing that a certain level of conflict is a natural and sometimes necessary aspect of human relations. There is a growing recognition that it would be almost impossible to rid society Dissertation of conflict altogether. A view that is gaining increasing currency is one which promotes the idea of conflict transformation. This approach and Beyond Peace and Conflict: Europe entails transforming levels of conflict in order to alleviate discord, avoid Dissertation violence and create circumstances for future peace-building. Dissertation On-going ResearchThesis University of Deusto ISBN 84-9830-057-6 • • • • • • • • 9 788498 300574 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 2 225/10/065/10/06 11:09:4011:09:40 Peace and Confl ict: Europe and Beyond 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 3 225/10/065/10/06 11:09:4011:09:40 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 4 225/10/065/10/06 11:09:4111:09:41 Peace and Confl ict: Europe and Beyond Editors Alexander I Gray Ibrahim Al-Marashi 2006 University of Deusto Bilbao 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 5 225/10/065/10/06 11:09:4111:09:41 No part of this publication, including the cover design, may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by and means, whether electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, recording or photocopying, without prior permission from the publisher. © University of Deusto P.o. box 1 - 48080 Bilbao I.S.B.N.: 978-84-9830-519-7 Contents Notes on Contributors . 9 Notes on Participants . 11 Introduction Alexander I Gray (University of Deusto) & Ibrahim Al-Marashi (Sabanci University) . 15 Challenges in Data Collection in a Violently Divided Society Marcello Mollica (Catholic University of Leuven) . 21 Exhuming Bones, Reintegrating Memories: the forgottem victims of the Spanish Civil Ward, an ethnohistorical approach Ignacio Fernández de Mata (University of Deusto) . 33 Mending the Wrongs: the importance of human rights in post-confl ict peace-building Daniela Nascimento (University of Coimbra) . 51 Humanitarian Imperialism as a Spin-Off of Cultural Imperialism: problems engendered by misrepresenting the Balkans Robert C. Hudson (University of Derby) . 61 The Role of Identity in the Dynamics of New Forms of Violent Confl ict M. Selin Türkes¸ (Sabanci University) & António Marco Bernardino da Silva Rosa (University of Coimbra) . 75 Responding to Terror: an analysis of the evolution of EU counter-terrorism strategy in the post-September 11th era Fraser Patrick Gray (University of Limerick) . 91 © University of Deusto - ISBN 978-84-9830-519-7 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 7 222/12/062/12/06 008:33:578:33:57 8 CONTENTS The EU Enlargement Process as a Peace Promotion Instrument: The Kurdish conflict in Turkey Andre Barrinha (University of Coimbra) . 103 The Structural Failure of the Colombian State and Non-Exclusionary Peacebuilding Initiative Maurizio Tinnirello (University of Kent) . 115 War Journalism: instrumentalizing media in Iraq (2003-2004) Cristina Sala Valdés (University of Deusto) & Jordi Santandreu Lorite (University of Coimbra) . 133 © University of Deusto - ISBN 978-84-9830-519-7 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 8 222/12/062/12/06 008:33:578:33:57 Notes on Contributors Robert Hudson is Senior Lecturer in European Studies and Chair of the Identity, Conflict and Representation Research Group at the Univer- sity of Derby, UK. Marcello Mollica received his PhD from the Centre for Peace Re- search and Strategic Studies, Catholic University of Leuven, Belguim. He is currently a Marie Curie Intra-European Post-Doctorate Fellow in the Department of Anthropology, University of Kent, UK where he is re- searching the political mobilization amongst paramilitary groups in the Middle East. Igancio Fernández de Mata is a PhD candidate in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Deusto, Spain where he is under- taking an ethnohistorical study, focusing on the Spanish Civil War and the memory of Francoist repression. Daniela Nascimento is a PhD candidate at the University of Coim- bra, Portugal. She is a Teaching Assistant in International Relations at the Faculty of Economics. M. Selin Turkes is a PhD candidate at Sabanci University in the Pro- gram in Politics. António Marco Bernardino da Silva Rosa is a PhD candidate at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Fraser Patrick Gray is a PhD candidate in the Centre for Peace and Development Studies, University of Limerick, Ireland. He was formerly a Marie Curie Pre-Doctoral Fellow, University of Deusto, and Research Assistant, Oxford University. He is currently researching the dynamic be- tween US counter-terrorism strategies and the rise of militant Islam in the Middle East. André Barrinha is a PhD candidate at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. He is working in the area of International Relations and Con- flict Resolution. © University of Deusto - ISBN 978-84-9830-519-7 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 9 220/12/060/12/06 117:27:057:27:05 10 PEACE AND CONFLICT: EUROPE AND BEYOND Maurizio Tinnirello is a PhD candidate at the University of Kent, researching the security and demobilization policies in Columbia as con- flict management initiatives. Cristina Sala Valdés is a PhD candidate at the University of Deusto, Spain. She is researching mass media and conflict resolution/preven- tion. Jordi Santandreu Lorite is undertaking the PhD Programme in Inter- national Politics and Conflict Resolution, University of Coimbra, Portugal. * * * * Alexander I Gray received his PhD from the University of Limerick, Ireland. He was formerly a Marie Curie Intra-European Post-Doctorate Fellow in the Department of Anthropology, University of Deusto, Spain and is currently an international election observer and President of the international NGO Professors without Borders (www.professorswithout- borders.net). Ibrahim Al-Marashi received his PhD from the University of Oxdord, UK. He was the faculty organizer of the Intensive Programme ‘Peace and Conflict: Europe and Beyond’. He lectures at the International Relations department at Koc University in Istanbul. Kevin HR Villanueva is the Managing Editor of Humanitarian Pub- lications. He simultaneously manages Europe-Asia Relations and the HumanitarianNet Thematic Network Programme Manager at the Uni- versidad de Deusto in Bilbao, Spain. He has been engaged in diplomatic work at the Philippine Embassy in Madrid, the UNESCO and the Euro- pean Commissions. His areas of interest encompass foreing policy, inter- national relations, and human rights. He obtained his MSc from London School of Economics and Political Science. © University of Deusto - ISBN 978-84-9830-519-7 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd 1010 220/12/060/12/06 117:27:057:27:05 Notes on Participants Luis Ezguezabal is a PhD candidate in the Department of Anthro- pology at the University of Deusto, Spain. Angela Schlenkhof is a PhD candidate in the Department of An- thropology at the University of Kent, UK. She is working on Afghan identity in London. Miriam Geerse is a PhD candidate at Utrecht University, Nether- lands. She is working on the social consequences of the internal dis- placement of Kurds in Turkey. Madalena Vivona is a PhD candidate in the Institute of Interna- tional Law and International Relations, University of Graz, Austria. She works at the European Research and Training Centre for Human Rights and Democracy. Sarah Keeler is a PhD candidate in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Kent, UK. Her research deals with the role of Kurdish diaspora in fostering new forms of identity discourse and political mobili- sations within the context of a transnational public sphere. She has carried out fieldwork in the UK, Germany, the Netherlands and Turkey. Jan Wiethoff is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Law at the Uni- versity of Ruhr, Germany. He researches on the European Constitution, examining the relationship between the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. Christina Gassner is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Law at the University of Ruhr, Germany. From an international law perspective she is working on the issue of the right of return. Maria Regina Pinto Botelho is a PhD candidate in the Department of Anthropology at the Univeristy of Deusto, Spain. She studies the influ- ence that religion, liberal ideology and women’s identity have on eco- nomic development and conflict resolution in Gujarat, India. © University of Deusto - ISBN 978-84-9830-519-7 0000 PPeaceeace aandnd CConflict.inddonflict.indd Sec1:11Sec1:11 225/10/065/10/06 111:09:421:09:42 12 PEACE AND CONFLICT: EUROPE AND BEYOND Hans Joachim Heintze is Director of the Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict, and Researcher at the Ruhr University Bochum (Hochshuldozent), Germany. He is also President of the Inter- national Association for the Study of the World Refugee Problem (AWR) and Responsible Scholar for the Marie Curie Programme.
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