Historical Memory
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Une Catalogne Indepéndante? European Geopolitics and The
TEMPORARY EXHIBIT European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) ENGLISH Democratic Memorial June 2017 “Une Catalogne indépendante”? European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Temporary Exhibit · Democratic Memorial · June 2017 1. EXHIBITION SCRIPT 0 . «Une Catalogne indépendante»? European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) 1. What never was. The crude realpolitik of international relations 2. The radical transformation of the map of Europe between World War I and II. 1919-1945 2.1. New borders, new countries 2.2.The idea of Europe 2.3. Diplomacy: A game? 2.4. Calling on France 3. Catalonia existed in the world; the world was present in Catalonia. 3.1. Catalonia as a subject 3.2. The Italian view. Mussolini’s policy of Mediterranean power 3.3. Foreigners in Catalonia 3.4. Barcelona was also a city of diplomats. 3.5. Barcelona, a great city of the Western Mediterranean. 4. A Catalan Maginot line? The importance of the third French front in a European war 4.1. The Pyrenees, the importance of the southern border to France 4.2. Franco before Stalin! Fear of communism. 4.3. The port of Barcelona, a desirable location 4.4. A View from Catalonia 5. A real debate amidst rumours. Catalan independence in an international Spanish Civil War 5.1. Madrid’s fate determines the future of Catalonia 5.2. A de facto independence 5.3. Catalonia or Spain, an unresolved dilemma (May 1937 - April 1939) 6. Why didn’t it occur? “Une Catalogne indépendante”? European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Temporary Exhibit · Democratic Memorial · June 2017 0 . -
The Price of Spanish and European Citizenship Carmen González Enríquez | Senior Analyst for Demography and International Migrations, Elcano Royal Institute
ARI 4/2014 ARI 3 February 2014 The price of Spanish and European citizenship Carmen González Enríquez | Senior Analyst for Demography and International Migrations, Elcano Royal Institute. Theme The rules on accessing nationality are very different from one EU member state to another. Spain offers the fastest route for most of its immigrants from non-EU countries. Summary In the last 12 years, Spain has granted nationality to more than a million people. Although the Spanish Civil Code sets a 10-year residency requirement before citizenship can be requested, most of the immigrants in Spain from outside the EU – Latin Americans– are exempted from this rule. As a result, Spain in practice grants citizenship with a much lower residency requirement than the European average of over six years. In addition, 503,000 people have requested Spanish nationality under the provisions of the Historical Memory Law and a recent proposal could extend this to an unknown number of Sephardic Jews. We propose here that the rules on accessing nationality should be modified. Analysis Obtaining citizenship of an EU member state grants very substantial rights within the EU as a whole, and yet there has been no attempt to date to homogenise the national rules which regulate access to nationality. By very different routes and following diverse requirements, European citizenship is sometimes secured very quickly, as in the case of Latin American immigrants in Spain, and sometimes very slowly, as in Austria or in Spain itself with immigrants of other origins. The rules on accessing nationality in the different countries are usually the result of some combination of ‘right of blood’ (ius sanguinis) and ‘right of soil’ (ius soli). -
The Mexican-American Press and the Spanish Civil War”
Abraham Lincoln Brigades Archives (ALBA) Submission for George Watt Prize, Graduate Essay Contest, 2020. Name: Carlos Nava, Southern Methodist University, Graduate Studies. Chapter title: Chapter 3. “The Mexican-American Press and The Spanish Civil War” Word Count: 8,052 Thesis title: “Internationalism In The Barrios: Hispanic-Americans and The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939.” Thesis abstract: The ripples of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) had a far-reaching effect that touched Spanish speaking people outside of Spain. In the United States, Hispanic communities –which encompassed Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Mexicans, Spaniards, and others— were directly involved in anti-isolationist activities during the Spanish Civil War. Hispanics mobilized efforts to aid the Spanish Loyalists, they held demonstrations against the German and Italian intervention, they lobbied the United States government to lift the arms embargo on Spain, and some traveled to Spain to fight in the International Brigades. This thesis examines how the Spanish Civil War affected the diverse Hispanic communities of Tampa, New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. Against the backdrop of the war, this paper deals with issues regarding ethnicity, class, gender, and identity. It discusses racism towards Hispanics during the early days of labor activism. It examines ways in which labor unions used the conflict in Spain to rally support from their members to raise funds for relief aid. It looks at how Hispanics fought against American isolationism in the face of the growing threat of fascism abroad. CHAPTER 3. THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN PRESS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR During the Spanish Civil War, the Mexican-American press in the Southwest stood apart from their Spanish language counterparts on the East Coast. -
0714685003.Pdf
CONTENTS Foreword xi Acknowledgements xiv Acronyms xviii Introduction 1 1 A terrorist attack in Italy 3 2 A scandal shocks Western Europe 15 3 The silence of NATO, CIA and MI6 25 4 The secret war in Great Britain 38 5 The secret war in the United States 51 6 The secret war in Italy 63 7 The secret war in France 84 8 The secret war in Spain 103 9 The secret war in Portugal 114 10 The secret war in Belgium 125 11 The secret war in the Netherlands 148 12 The secret war in Luxemburg 165 ix 13 The secret war in Denmark 168 14 The secret war in Norway 176 15 The secret war in Germany 189 16 The secret war in Greece 212 17 The secret war in Turkey 224 Conclusion 245 Chronology 250 Notes 259 Select bibliography 301 Index 303 x FOREWORD At the height of the Cold War there was effectively a front line in Europe. Winston Churchill once called it the Iron Curtain and said it ran from Szczecin on the Baltic Sea to Trieste on the Adriatic Sea. Both sides deployed military power along this line in the expectation of a major combat. The Western European powers created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) precisely to fight that expected war but the strength they could marshal remained limited. The Soviet Union, and after the mid-1950s the Soviet Bloc, consistently had greater numbers of troops, tanks, planes, guns, and other equipment. This is not the place to pull apart analyses of the military balance, to dissect issues of quantitative versus qualitative, or rigid versus flexible tactics. -
The Asociación Para La Recuperación De La Memoria Histórica And
Making Memory Matter: The Asociación para la Recuperación de la Memoria Histórica and Spain’s Efforts to Reclaim the Past By Tyler Goldberger A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for honors Department of History, Duke University Department of Romance Studies, Duke University Durham, North Carolina Under the Advisement of Professor Jocelyn Olcott and Professor José María Rodríguez-García April 10, 2019 Goldberger I Abstract: The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) left many Republicans fearful under the dictatorship of Nationalist Francisco Franco (1939-1975). The Franco regime executed over one hundred thousand Republican victims, often without identifying them, and contributed to a one-sided narrative that honored the Nationalist heroism while delegitimizing and invalidating Republican ideologies. Following Franco’s death in 1975, the next generation of Spanish government officials, attempting to quiet concerns of unrest in Spain after almost forty years of extreme conservatism, agreed to forget the past and move forward. Without any opportunity to reckon with the past, families of Republican victims felt a sense of injustice at their inability to find closure amidst a system that overwhelmingly executed those supporting liberal reforms. Living in a persistent state of fear, Republicans and their families affected by this terror struggled under the Spanish government that quickly established the importance of democratization efforts over justice and dignity. In 2000, the grandson of a Republican victim spearheaded an exhumation that recovered his grandfather’s remains, unleashing pent up demand for a genuine reckoning with franquista authoritarianism. This episode launched the Asociación para la Recuperación de la Memoria Histórica (ARMH) to validate Republican victims’ narratives against an official story that did not recognize this past. -
Vox: a New Far Right in Spain?
VOX: A NEW FAR RIGHT IN SPAIN? By Vicente Rubio-Pueyo Table of Contents Confronting the Far Right.................................................................................................................1 VOX: A New Far Right in Spain? By Vicente Rubio-Pueyo....................................................................................................................2 A Politico-Cultural Genealogy...................................................................................................3 The Neocon Shift and (Spanish) Constitutional Patriotism...................................................4 New Methods, New Media........................................................................................................5 The Catalonian Crisis..................................................................................................................6 Organizational Trajectories within the Spanish Right............................................................7 International Connections.........................................................................................................8 VOX, PP and Ciudadanos: Effects within the Right’s Political Field....................................9 Populist or Neoliberal Far Right? VOX’s Platform...................................................................9 The “Living Spain”: VOX’s Discourse and Its Enemies............................................................11 “Make Spain Great Again”: VOX Historical Vision...................................................................13 -
Inside Spain Nr 175 20 July - 22 September 2020
Inside Spain Nr 175 20 July - 22 September 2020 William Chislett Summary Spain holds its position in global presence ranking. New restrictions in Madrid amid second virus wave. Spaniards against Juan Carlos’s departure and broad support for Felipe VI. Government wrestles with 2021 budget and prepares for EU’s pandemic recovery fund. CaixaBank and Bankia to merge and create largest bank in Spain. Foreign Policy Spain holds its position in global presence ranking The country remained in 12th position in the latest Elcano Global Presence Index, although its score was slightly lower (see Figure 1). Figure 1. 2019 Elcano Global Presence Index, top 20 Country 2019 score 2013 score Country 2019 score 2013 score 1. US 3,043.9 2,830.6 11. S. Korea 310.2 259.5 2. China 1,137.2 747.4 12. Spain 285.4 299.6 3. Germany 809.4 808.6 13.India 273.4 263.6 4. UK 795.6 807.6 14. Australia 232.5 244.9 5. Japan 729.7 610.5 15. Belgium 205.3 219.7 6. France 683.2 694.5 16. Switzerland 201.2 227.7 7. Russia 534.2 579.9 17.Singapore 178.9 175.3 8. Canada 415.0 390.6 18. Turkey 176.3 108.1 9. Netherlands 361.8 369.0 19. Ireland 141.2 102.4 10. Italy 352.7 371.3 20. Brazil 139.9 165.2 Source: Elcano Royal Institute. 1 Inside Spain Nr 175 20 July - 22 September 2020 The 130 countries covered (10 more than last year) generate 99% of global GDP and account for 94% of the world’s population. -
Goodbye-Espana-Dossier.Pdf
Pág. 1/12 C/Cueva de la Mora 7 Local 13 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón (Madrid) www.diagorasproducciones.com [email protected] Pág. 2/12 REPARTO: Rebecca Laura Castrillón Sam Andrés Navarro Pasionaria Candela Arroyo Jack Gabriel García Pilar Cristina De La Riva George Ramsés Vollbrecht Ernesto Daniel Acebes Piano y Guitarra Gabriel Martínez Marín Piano y Percusión Jorge Niño Laina Clarinete Alberto Villa Lozano Dirección Musical: Gabriel Martínez Marín Música y Letras: K S Lewkowicz Libreto: Judith Jhonson Traducción y Adaptación: Daniel Acebes Maya y Gabriel García Moreno Diseño de Iluminación: Juanjo Hernández Bellot y Sergio Barreiro Sánchez Diseño de Cartel: José Ponce de León Diseño Escenografía: Diagoras Producciones Vestuario: Dani Maya Jefe Técnico: Juanjo Hernández Bellot Ayudante de Dirección: Sergio Barreiro Sánchez Dirección: Daniel Acebes Maya Producción, Gestión y Distribución: Diagoras producciones C/Cueva de la Mora 7 Local 13 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón (Madrid) www.diagorasproducciones.com [email protected] Pág. 3/12 SOBRE LA OBRA Goodbye España cuenta la historia de Sam, un joven ingles que decide venirse a España como voluntario para combatir en la guerra civil. Rebecca, su madre, al no recibir noticias suyas, decide venirse a buscarlo uniéndose como enfermera voluntaria. Durante esa búsqueda de madre e hijo a lo largo de un país devastado por la guerra, Sam conoce a Pilar, una joven española a la que la guerra ha dejado huérfana. Rebecca, por su parte, conoce a Ernesto un español que resulta herido en la guerra. Goodbye España trata de lo que puede hacer la gente común y corriente cuando decide actuar. -
Hispanic-Americans and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
Southern Methodist University SMU Scholar History Theses and Dissertations History Spring 2020 INTERNATIONALISM IN THE BARRIOS: HISPANIC-AMERICANS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR (1936-1939) Carlos Nava [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/hum_sci_history_etds Recommended Citation Nava, Carlos, "INTERNATIONALISM IN THE BARRIOS: HISPANIC-AMERICANS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR (1936-1939)" (2020). History Theses and Dissertations. 11. https://scholar.smu.edu/hum_sci_history_etds/11 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the History at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. INTERNATIONALISM IN THE BARRIOS: HISPANIC-AMERICANS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR (1936-1939) Approved by: ______________________________________ Prof. Neil Foley Professor of History ___________________________________ Prof. John R. Chávez Professor of History ___________________________________ Prof. Crista J. DeLuzio Associate Professor of History INTERNATIONALISM IN THE BARRIOS: HISPANIC-AMERICANS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR (1936-1939) A Thesis Presented to the Graduate Faculty of Dedman College Southern Methodist University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with a Major in History by Carlos Nava B.A. Southern Methodist University May 16, 2020 Nava, Carlos B.A., Southern Methodist University Internationalism in the Barrios: Hispanic-Americans in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Advisor: Professor Neil Foley Master of Art Conferred May 16, 2020 Thesis Completed February 20, 2020 The ripples of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) had a far-reaching effect that touched Spanish speaking people outside of Spain. -
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Downloaded from the Humanities Digital Library http://www.humanities-digital-library.org Open Access books made available by the School of Advanced Study, University of London ***** Publication details: Revisiting the Falklands-Malvinas Question: Transnational and Interdisciplinary Perspectives Edited by Guillermo Mira Delli-Zotti and Fernando Pedrosa https://humanities-digital-library.org/index.php/hdl/catalog/book/ falklands-malvinas DOI: 10.14296/1220.9781908857804 ***** This edition published in 2021 by UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU, United Kingdom ISBN 978-1-908857-80-4 (PDF edition) This work is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses Revisiting the Falklands-Malvinas Question Transnational and Interdisciplinary Perspectives edited by Guillermo Mira and Fernando Pedrosa INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES Revisiting the Falklands– Malvinas Question Transnational and Interdisciplinary Perspectives edited by Guillermo Mira and Fernando Pedrosa University of London Press Institute of Latin American Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2021 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/. This book is also available online at http://humanities-digital-library.org. ISBN: 978-1-908857-56-9 (paperback edition) 978-1-908857-85-9 (.epub edition) 978-1-908857-86-6 (.mobi edition) 978-1-908857-80-4 (PDF edition) DOI: 10.14296/1220.9781908857804 (PDF edition) Institute of Latin American Studies School of Advanced Study University of London Senate House London WC1E 7HU Cover illustration by Marcelo Spotti. -
A Comparative Analysis of the Intractability of the Basque Conflict
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INTRACTABILITY OF THE BASQUE CONFLICT A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies By Graham M. Stubbs, B.A. Georgetown University Washington, D.C. April 2012 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INTRACTABILITY OF THE BASQUE CONFLICT Graham M. Stubbs B.A. Joseph P. Smaldone Phd. ABSTRACT Since the regime of dictator General Franco (1939-1975), the Spanish government has repressed or banned virtually all expressions of the Basque national identity and political expression. This failure to recognize the Basque culture within Spanish society has created a void in which the Basques have felt self-confined for generations. The conflict between the Basques and Spain has never found clear resolution, has often been punctuated by armed resistance, and has become virtually intractable. Spanish nationalism has prevailed over the indigenous group in the region, leaving resentment and frustration for those seeking to practice their traditions and cultural distinctions. The Spanish blend of fascist, traditionalist, and militarist responses has reinforced the deep- felt resentment of the Basque people in their pursuit of the civil liberties granted to all other citizens of the Spanish state. The existence of the Basques has been problematic to the Spanish because cultural differences challenged Franco’s ideal of a unified Catholic state. Catholicism was the essence of the ‘nation’ and Castile was its ‘ethnic core,’ thus leaving little room for any opposing ideology and principles. -
The Humanitarian Nature of the Evacuation of Basque Children to England During the Spanish Civil War
THE HUMANITARIAN NATURE OF THE EVACUATION OF BASQUE CHILDREN TO ENGLAND DURING THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR David Crowe A Dissertation submitted in part fulfilment of the BA (Hons) History April 2016 Acknowledgements I would like to thank the Basque Children’s Association ’37 for their huge assistance in finding sources for this dissertation. Carmen Kilner, Herminio Martinez and Manuel Moreno were especially helpful. I would also like to thank my family and my friend Christopher Noble. 2 Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................4 Chapter One: How solid was the British Government’s policy of non‐intervention in the Spanish Civil War?......................................................................................................................................................10 British perception of Spain at the start of the Spanish Civil War .....................................................10 The media signposts British change in attitude................................................................................12 The fractured nature of the government’s decisions .......................................................................16 Events within government in the lead up to the children’s arrival ..................................................21 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................................23 Chapter