The Transactions of the Royal Institute of British Architects Town Planning Conference, , 10-15 October 1910

Introduction by William Whyte

Routledge R Taylor & Francis Croup LONDON AND NEW YORK CONTENTS.

Portraits : Hon. President, President, Secretary-General—Frontispiece Preface [John W. Simpson] ...... iii

PART I. RECORD OF THE CONFERENCE. PAGE Portraits of Chief Officials of Sub-Committees, &c. . . . plate Organisation—Membership—Designs for Conference Badge, Poster, Handbook cover, Banquet Card—Railway Facilities—Receptions—Exhibitions—Professor Geddes' Exhibit—Order of Procedure at Meetings—Programme— Letter from the American Civic Association I Committee of Patronage ...... 12 Executive Committee ...... 13 Committees of the Executive ...... 14 Honorary Interpreters ...... 14 Representatives of Corporations, Councils, and Societies . 16 List of Members ...... -3° INAUGURAL MEETING ...... 58 Address by the President, Mr. Leonard Stokes . . - 59 Inaugural Address by the Hon. President, the Right Hon. John Burns, M.P...... 62 Telegram fromthe King ...... 75 Vote of Thanks to Mr. Burns [Sir Aston Webb] . . 76 VISITS AND EXCURSIONS : Reports— Letchworth Garden City [Courtenay Crickmer] . . 77 Hatfield House [J. Alfred Gotch and Harold I. Merriman] 77 [H. P. G. Maule] ...80 Bedford Park, Chiswick [Maurice B. Adams] ...80 L.C.C. Housing Estate, White Hart Lane [W. E. Riley] 82 St'. Paul's, The Tower, St. Bartholomew the Great [Percy W.Lovell] ...... 82 Greenwich Hospital [F. Dare Clapham] .... 83 Hampstead Garden Suburb [Raymond Unwin] . . 83 Bridgewater House and Dorchester House [Septimus War­ wick] 84 Regent's Park and Avenue Road Estate [H. A. Hall] . 84 Houses of Parliament and Westminster Hall [G. J. T. Reavell] 85 85 Inns of Court [C. Harrison TOwnserid] . . .86 Bournville ...... ' . .86 vi Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. 1910.

PAGE VISITS (continued) : Bath [Mowbray Green] ...... 87 Port Sunlight [George Hornblower]..... 88- Oxford [Edward Warren] ...... 89, Cambridge [Maurice E. Webb] ..... 91 BANQUET : Speeches— The Right Hon. John Burns 94 . The President 99 Lord Redesdale ...... 99 • • Sir L. Alma-Tadema ...... 101 Mr. Sidney Colvin ...... 101 Professor Eberstadt 103: Sir Aston Webb ...... 105 Mr. Daniel H. Burnham ...... 106 M. Louis Bonnier ...... 107 Mr. Leslie Vigers ...... 108 Portraits of some of the Readers of Papers .... plate

PART II. PAPERS AND DISCUSSIONS. SECTION I.—CITIES OF THE PAST.

THE PLANNING OF HELLENISTIC CITIES [Professor Percy Gardner] IN Illustrations. Plan of Priene 112 Restoration of Priene ...... plate Agora of Priene 116 Market Building at JEgae 117 House of Assembly: Reconstruction . . . . .118. House at Delos ...... 120

TOWN PLANNING IN THE ROMAN WORLD [Professor F. Haver- field] 123 Illustrations. A Chinese Colony in Central Asia . . . . .124 Florence: The Centro ...... 125, Timgad (Roman Africa) . .126 Silchest'er: General Outline ...... 127 Detailed Plan of Part of Silchester . . , .128 Plan of Caerwent ...... plate Augusta Treverorum, Trier ...... 131

ROME [Dr. Thomas Ashby] 133 Illustrations. Hydrography and Chorography of Ancient Rome . . 134 The Wall of " Roma Quadrata," Palatine . . . 135 The Cloaca Maxima 135 Contents. vii

PAGE Servian Wall on the S.W. Side of the Aventine 136 Ponte S. Angelo before completion of Modern. Embankment 139 Column of Trajan and Basilica Ulpia .... 140 Temple of Venus and Rome on the Velia 141 Arch of Aqua Marcia, built by .Augustus, incorporated in the Aurelian Wall as the Porta Tiburtina 142 TheCuria ...... 143 Basilica of Constantine from the Palatine 144 Plan of Rome (Harris and Senex) ..... plate

ENTWICKLUNG DES STADTEBAU-IDEALS SEIT DER RENAISSANCE (THE EVOLUTION OF THE IDEAL IN TOWN PLANNING SINCE THE RENAISSANCE) [Dr. A. E. Brinckmann] . Illustrations. Piazza della Signoria, Florence Piazza in Livorno ...... Scamozzi's Ideal Town Plan .... Plan showing position of the Palazzo Farnese, Rome Carlo Fontana's Design for the Piazza of St. Peter's at Rome ...... Portici degli Uffizi, Florence Perret de Chamb^ry's Ideal Town Plan Place Roy ale, Nancy . . . Rousset's Scheme for Place Louis XV. Roland Levirloy's Ideal Town Plan . Design for the Gendarmenmarkt in Berlin by Bourdet Plan showing grouping of Buildings round Qpera House Berlin ...... Ludwigstrasse, Munich Translation of Dr. Brinckmann's Paper .

THE FOUNDATION OF FRENCH AND ENGLISH GOTHIC TOWNS IN THE SOUTH OF FRANCE [Dr. A. E. Brinckmann] Illustrations. Carcassonne Plan of Carcassonne Albi Plan of Cordes A- View of Cordes . Sainte-Foy la Grande Sauveterre-de-Guienne : Plan Mons^gur: Plan .... " Villes-neuves " in the Garonne Basin Market-Place of Libourne Aigues-Mortes .... Montauban, showing its Gothic Bridge Discussion. Professor Reginald Blomfield r 77, 180 Professor Lanciani 177, 179 T. C. Horsfall .... • 179 Colonel Plunkett .... • 179 Professor Gardner .... • viii Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. lgio.

PAGE John Mitchell ...... 179 John S. Brodie ...... 180 Professor D. Reid Keys ...... 181 Matt. Garbutt' ...... • . i8r Councillor R. M. Cameron . . . ; • .182 Councillor John S. Galbraith ...... 182

SECTION II.—CITIES OF THE PRESENT. TOWN PLANNING AND THE PRESERVATION OF ANCIENT FEATURES [Professor G. Baldwin Brown] ..... 187

CITIES OF THE PRESENT AS REPRESENTATIVE OF A TRANSITION PERIOD IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT.—THE EVIDENCE OF STANDARDISED STREETS [Charles Mulford Robinson] . 200

NOTICE SUR LES ARCHITECTURES OBLIC.ATOIRES DANS LA VILLE DE PARIS (NOTES ON THE REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE PLANNING AND DESIGN OF BUILDINGS WITHIN THE CITY OF PARIS) [M. Louis Bonnier] ...... 208 Illustrations. Place des Vosges ...... 212 Place Vendfime ...... 213 Place Saint-Sulpice ...... 215 Rue de Rivoli ...... 215. Place de la Concorde ...... 216, 217 Translation of M. Bonnier's Paper ...... 222 CAUSE AND EFFECT IN THE MODERN CITY [H. V. Lanchester] . 232 Illustrative Diagram ...... 234 Discussion. John A. Brodie 237 Thomas Adams 238 Dr. Hegemann ...... 239 Colonel G. T. Plunkett ...... 240 Benjamin Hall Blyth ...... 241 Edward Warren ...... 241 Arthur E. Collins ...... 241 F.S. Baker ...... 242 Sir Aston Webb ...... 242 James A. Morris ...... 243

SECTION III.—CITY DEVELOPMENT AND EXTENSION.

THE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN [Raymond Unwin] • 247 Illustrations. Model of Extension for Gotenburg • 249 Combination of Site and Architecture • • 251 Heath Close, Hampstead Garden Suburb . • 255 The Parkway, Philadelphia . 258 Contents. ix

PAGE Chicago : Plan ...... • . 260 Portion of the Fairmount Parkway..... 261 View looking down Proposed Madison Avenue Extension to. Union Square, New York ...... 262 Diagonal Approach to Blackwell's Island Bridge at Fifty- ninth Street ...... 263 The Great Gallery of Palmyra ...... 264 Ditto, General Plan ...... 264

DU DEVELOPPEMENT ET DE L'EXTENSION DES VILLES (THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOWNS) [A. Augustin Rey] ...... 266 Translation of M. Rey's Paper ...... 274 Discussion. Thomas C. Horsfall ...... 282 Councillor the Rev. Dr. Walter Walsh .... 282 F. R. Durham ...... 284 Peter Macnaughton . . . . . • . . 284 Sir Richard Surtees Paget . . . . . 285 Councillor May ...... 285 H. G. Ibberson ...... 286 Dr. Sidney Cameron Lawrence 286 Mr. Justice Neville ...... 288

CITY DEVELOPMENT [W. E. Riley] ...... 291 Illustrations. Sir Christopher Wren's Plan for rebuilding the City of London, and the Holborn-Strand Improvement . ( . 293 Entrance of the Holborn to Strand Improvement . 294 View of Tower Garden from Terrace..... 295 White Hart Lane Estate: Plan . . . . . 297 View from Tower Garden looking East . . . 299 Five-Room Cottages, Corner of Awlfield Avenue . . 301 D'Arcy Buildings, Hackney ..... 303 Caledonian Road Buildings : Courtyard Gardens . . 304

NEUKE FORTSCHRITTE IM DEUTSCHEN STADTEBAU (RECENT PRO­ GRESS IN GERMAN TOWN PLANNING) [Dr. H. J. Stubben] . 306 Translation of Dr. Stiibben's Paper ...... 309 Illustrations. Rue des Pierres, Bruges ...... 312a Anger-Strasse in Erfurt ...... 312b Maximilian-Strasse in Augsburg . . . . .312b Alstadt-Strasse in Landshut ...... 312c Arnulf-Strasse in Munich ...... 312d The Fishery Quarter in Briinn . . . . -312s Konigsberg : North Western Extension . . .312/ Landshut : New Station Quarter . . . . . 312^ Landshut: The Station Square .....312k Landshut: New Market Place ...... • 3121 Scheme for a New Quarter in Berlin . . . . : '312k x Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. 1910.

PAGE New Suburb at Pozen . • . • • • • 312' • Neustrelitz : Design by Dr. Stubben ..... 312m Louvain : Reconstruction Scheme by Dr. Stiibben . . 312*1 : Louvain : Bird's-Eye View...... 3120 Louvain : Place du Parvis ...... 312p Proposed New Town of St. Anne on the Schelde . . 312q Colony of Hellerau, near Dresden . .' . . • 312r Garden City near Niirnberg- ...... 3125 Artisans' Settlement, Merck, near Darmstadt . . .3121 Darmstadt: The Herdweg Quarter, the Mathild Hill, and the Garden City of the " Hohlen Weg " . . . 312U Essen: New Districts: . . • • • • . • 31210 Margarethe Krupp-Stiftung for Convalescents . . 312# Bernewaldchen, Essen ...... • 3I2y Charlottenburg, near Berlin . . . . . -312s

TOWN PLANNING IN GERMANY : THE. GREATER BERLIN COM­ PETITION [Professor Rud. Eberstadt] . . . • 3r3 Illustrations. • Plan of Berlin . . . . • • • plate Jansen's Scheme . . . . • . ... 314 Ditto, Suggested Embankment 315 .Ditto, Planning of New Suburb ..... 316 Ditto, showing " Sally Street " for fast Motor-Traffic between Town and Country . . . . . 317 Scheme of Professors Brix and Genzmer and the Hochbahn- Gesellschafte : Improvement of the Kdnigsplatz . . 318 Ditto, Main Street approaching Railway Station . . 319 Ditto, Improvement of a Square ...... 320 Ditto, Bird's-eye view of Garden Suburb . ' . 321 Ditto, connecting principal Lines of Traffic . . . 322 Scheme of Messrs. Havestadt, Contag, Blum and Schmitz : System of organising Local and Long-Distance Traffic . 323 Pitto, Scheme of Factory District showing means of Trans­ port . • . . .324 New Civic Centre in Old Berlin (Professor Bruno Schmitz) . 325 Avenue connecting Railway Station with prominent Point of Street Traffic ...... 325 Proposed Site for Berlin University . . . . . 327 Scheme of Messrs. Mohring, Petersen, and Eberstadt: Town Extension by New Rings and Belts . . . 328 Ditto : Radial Pattern for Town Extension . . . 328 Professor Mohring : New Parallel Street at most Congested Point of Traffic ...... 329 Ditto : Project for the Konigsplatz ..... 330 Scheme of Messrs. Mohring, Petersen, and Eberstadt: Mixed Plan for high-priced Land . . . . 331 Scheme for connecting. Local and Long-Distance Traffic . 332 Discussion. Alderman Arthur Bennett ...... 334 Dr.. Chalmers ...... 334 Contents. xi

PAGE A. B. McDonald - . . . . • . 335 Councillor Galbraith . • • • • • • 335 Provost Davidson ...... • . 336

SECTION IV.—CITIES OF THE FUTURE, THE IMMEDIATE FUTURE IN ENGLAND [Professor C. H. Reilly] . 339

LES VILLES DE L'AVENIR (THE CITIES OF THE FUTURE) [Eugfene H&iard] • . • 345 Illustrations. Defects of Streets and Houses of To-day.... 346 Street of the Future ...... 349 A many-storied Street . . . . . 351 View of City of the Future from an Aeroplane . . . 356 Translation of M. H^nard's Paper ...... 357

A CITY OF THE FUTURE UNDER A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT [Daniel H. Burnham] ...... 368

THE CITY OF THE FUTURE—ITS CHANCES OF BEING [L. Cope Cornford] ...... 379 Discussion. Sir Richard Paget . . . . . • . . . 383 Ebenezer Howard ...... 384 Andrew T. Taylor ...... 386 Augustin Rey 387 Francis Swales ...... 387 John S. Galbraith 391 Harry de Pass ...... 392 Professor Adshead ...... 392 "Herbert Freyberg ...... 393 H. G. Ibberson ...... 393 Matt. Garbutt ...... 394 Councillor Marr 395 F.R. Farrow ...... 398 J. A. Brodie ...... 398

SECTION V.—ARCHITECTURAL CONSIDERATIONS IN TOWN PLANNING. THE ARCHITECT AND TOWN PLANNING [Professor Beresford Pite] 403 TOWN PLANNING IN RELATION TO- OLD AND CONGESTED AREAS', WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LONDON [Arthur Crow] . 407 Illustrations. Proposed Traffic Avenue ...... plate Part of the City and ..... plate Map of the Ten Cities of Health . . . • . plate Three Examples of Narrow Streets which may be legally perpetuated . . . . . • . • . . . 406 Buildings re-erected to excessive Height in Narrow Streets 413 Examples of awkward Street Projections .... 414 xii Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. 1910.

PAGE Traffic Obstruction, Spitalfields . . . . .417 Vanishing- Gardens ...... • .4lT View of Proposed Central Avenue, showing Trams, Tram Shelters, and Gardens ...... 41^ Courts on the Route of Proposed Central Avenue . . 420 Gardens in Proposed Central Avenue . . . . . 420 Example of Inexpensive Avenue ..... 423. Contrasts in Child Life ...... 424. Discussion. C.Watkins ...... 426, 427 Alderman Fildes ...... 426 Rev. Dr. Walter Walsh ...... 427 Arthur Crow ...... 427, 429. W.R. Davidge ...... 428 F.G. Painter ...... 430- M. C. Hulbert ...... 432:

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS : THEIR DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT [Thomas H. Mawson] ...... 434. Illustrations. Lord Street Gardens, Southport ..... 440 A Marine Garden at Southport ...... 442: Small Recreation Ground, Cleethorpes .... 443 ' Pittencrieff Gardens, Dunfermline ..... 445 Pittencrieff Park : Plan ...... 447 Proposed New Bridge, Dunfermline ..... 449 Discussion. Sir James Lemon ...... 450 H. B. Grubb 451 Edward Warren ...... 451

THE ARCHITECT AND CIVIC ORNAMENTATION [E. A. Rickards] . 453, Illustrations. Portrait Memorial ...... 454- City Gardens and Ornamental Waters .... 455 Sculptured Fountain ...... 456 Lamp Standards ...... 457 Typical French Portrait Memorial ..... 458 Treatment of Main Thoroughfare ..... 459 Forecourt to Park ...... 460- Design for Public Hall and Monument terminating important Avenue ...... 461 Discussion. Professor Adshead . . 463

OPEN SPACES AND RUNNING WATERS [Colonel G. T. Plunkett, C.B., R.E. retired] ...... 465 Illustrations. The Wandle ...... 466, 468 Beverley Brook...... 469 River Colne, near Hillingdon . . . . . • 47r River Brent Division, near Perivale..... 473 Contents. xiii

Discussion. PAGB C. J. Jenkin 475 H. M. Ellis 475 Ernest George ...... 477

OPEN SPACES, GARDENS, AND RECREATION GROUNDS [Basil Holmes] ...... 478 Illustrations. Village of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, c. 1560 ....481 Street and the Village of Shoreditch, c. 1560 . 481 Village of St. Pancras, 1746 ...... 482 York Street, Walworth : Disused Burial Ground, before and after being laid out as Public Garden .... 485. Albion Square, Dalston, before and after being laid out as Public Garden ...... 487 Benbow Street, Deptford : Boys' and Girls' Playgrounds equipped with Gymnastic Apparatus .... 488 Meath Gardens, ...... 491 Christ Church, Spitalfields, Public Garden . . . 491 A Typical City Churchyard laid out as Public Garden . . 498 Discussion. Herbert M. Ellis ...... 493 T.C. Horsfall ...... 494 Bernard Gibson ...... 496- Sir Gilbert Parker ...... 497

CITY IMPROVEMENT [Professor Adshead] 499 Discussion. John Belcher ...... 505 S. Bylander ...... 506 D. Bassall 506 Augustin Rey ...... 506

SOME FACTORS IN TOWN PLANNING [Sir W. B. Richmond] . 508

THE RESTRAINT OF ADVERTISING [Richardson Evans] . . 511 Discussion. Andrew T. Taylor ...... 517 W.D. Caroe ...... 518 Mr. Watkins ...... 519 Frederick W. Piatt ...... 520 G. Ernest Nield ...... 521 Mr. Trier 521 M. J. Wells 521 Edwin T. Hall . . . . . ; . . 521 Richardson Evans 522

TOWN PLANNING AND TOWN TRAINING; THE SCOPE AND LIMITS OF THE TOWN PLANNING ACT [A Member of the Conference] 524. lllustration. Sheet XV., N.W., Ordnance Survey Map.... 532 xiv Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. 1910.

SECTION VI.—SPECIAL STUDIES OF TOWN PLANS. PAGE THE CIVIC SURVEY OF EDINBURGH [Professor Patrick Geddes] 537 Illustrations. The West Bow, Edinburgh ...... 543 View of Athens 544 View of Edinburgh from N.W.- 545 Edinburgh Rock and Inveresk : Native and Roman Points of View . i . . . . . • • • 546 Mediaeval Edinburgh, showing essential Components . 547 Section across Head of Old Town • . . . • • 547 Early .Type of Edinburgh House ..... 549 Surviving Later Example . . . . . • 549 Mediaeval Development of Castle . ... . 550 Bird's-eye View' from above Salisbury Craigs . . . 552 First Beginnings of Edinburgh as Hill Fort . . . 553 Modern Culture-Institutions on Sites of Ecclesiastical Foun­ dations . . . 554 Developments previous to New Town Plan 1688-1765 . 555 Princes Street 1816 ...... 556 Edinburgh, Old and New, 1829 ...... 559 Edinburgh : Railway and Tramway Developments . . 561 Milnes Court, Lawnmarket ...... 567 " King's Wall Garden " 568 Old Edinburgh from Bank of Scotland to New College . 570 Old Town from Bank, showing University Hall Improve­ ment Scheme ...... 572

THE PLANNING OF KHARTOUM AND OMDURMAN [W. H. McLean] 575 Illustrations. Map of Khartoum and Omdurman ..... 576 I Khartoum, 1898 : Plan ...... 579 i Old Khartoum : Views ...... 580 I Omdurman : Views ...... 581 1 Khartoum, 1910 : Plan ...... 584 Khartoum 1 Sections of Streets . . . . 586 New Khartoum : Views ...... 589 Omdurman : General Plan ...... 592 Omdurman : Plan (original state) ..... 593 Omdurman : Plan (reconstructed) ..... 594 Khartoum : General View ...... 596 Law Courts, Khartoum ...... 598 War Office, Khartoum ...... 598 The Palace from the River, Khartoum .... 598 The Duke of Connaught in Omdurman .... 599 Gordon College ...... 599 Type of Houses in Khartoum ...... 599 The Embankment Road, Khartoum ..... 602 Discussion. Lord Kitchener 596 & 603 Major Stanton ...... 597 Contents. xv

PAGE Colonel Plunkett . . . • • • • • 6cw* Alderman Bennett . . . . • • • .601 R. Weir Schultz ...... 602 Bernard Gibson . . ." . • • • • 603 Leonard Stokes ...... 603. THE FEDERAL CAPITAL OF AUSTRALIA [John Sulmp.n] . . 604 Illustrations. A Radially Planned City ...... 608- A Fan-shaped Plan ...... 609-

GREATER LONDON [G. L. Pepler] ...... bn Illustrations. Suggested Division of Greater London for Collection of Information in anticipation of Town Planning Schemes plate Plan showing Proposed Ring, and other suggested Im­ provements of Concentric Communication . . . plate- Cross-Section of Proposed Ringway 617 Plan showing Areas of different Authorities in Greater Lon­ don with Town Planning Powers..... plate Discussion. Joseph Fels ...... 621 Edwin T. Hall ...... • .621, 625. Herbert Freyberg ...... • .621 Mr, Watkins ...... 622 Dr. Fremantle . . . • • • • • 623 C.J. Jenkin ...... 624 Harold Williams ...... 624 Frederick W. Piatt ...... 624 Mr. Bassett ...... 625 G. L. Pepler 626 D. B. Niven . . . 627

L'AMENAGEMENT DES FORTIFICATIONS ET DE LA ZONE DES SER­ VITUDES MILITAIRES (THE MAINTENANCE OF THE FOR­ TIFICATIONS AND OF THE ZONE SUBJECT TO MILITARY REGULATIONS) [Louis Dausset] ..... 628-, Illustrations. Removal of the Fortifications of Paris and Utilisation of the Site for Open Spaces ...... 630 Pare de Bagnolet . . • 631 Translation of M. Dausset's Paper ...... • 633

BRUXELLES AUX CHAMPS (RURAL BRUSSELS) [E. Stasse and H. De Bruyne] . . • . . .- • • 636 Illustrations. ' Plan showing junction of Boulevards of the first and second Rings ...... " 639 Plan showing Proposed New Arteries, Parks, and Buildings; '641 Bird's-eye View of Pare Josaphat . . . . . _ 643 Translation of the foregoing Paper . . . . - « '646 GLASGOW CITY IMPROVEMENTS [A. B. McDonald] . . ' 654 Plan 635 xvi Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. 1910.

THE IMPROVEMENT OF [Wm. Woodward] 656 Illustrations. Plan 658 Perspective View 659 Discussion. F.G. Painter ...... 660 Alderman Fildes ...... 660 Wm. Woodward ...... 660

SECTION VII.—LEGISLATIVE CONDITIONS AND LEGAL STUDIES.

THE GROWTH OF LEGAL CONTROL OVER TOWN DEVELOPMENT IN ENGLAND, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE EXPENSE IN­ CURRED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN CARRYING OUT A SCHEME UNDER THE TOWN PLANNING ACT [H. Chaloner Dowdall] 663 TOWN PLANNING AND LAND TENURE [C. H. B. Quennell] . . 670 Discussion. Isaac Edwards ...... 679 W. H. Hope 680 Edwin T. Hall 681 Howard Martin ...... 684 John Lindsay ...... 686 J.A. Crowther ...... 687 Henry W. Robinson ...... 688 Mr. Hawksworth ...... 689, 690 Chaloner Dowdall ...... 689, 690 W.T. Nicholls ...... 690 Leslie Vigers ...... 691 THE PUBLIC AND THE PRIVATE SURVEYOR : THEIR RESPECTIVE PARTS UNDER THE HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING ACT 1909 [Sir Alex, R. Stenning] ...... 692 THE HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING ACT 1909: THE POSSI­ BILITIES OF SECTION 44 [Harry S. Stewart] . . . 695 TOWN PLANNING AB INITIO [Ebenezer Howard] . . . 698

TOWN PLANNING AND LEGISLATION IN SWEDEN DURING THF. LAST FIFTY YEARS [Dr. Ing. Lilienberg] . . . 702 Illustrations. Plan by A. Lilienberg 705 Model of the above Plan ...... 707 Gefle : Plan by P. Hallman and F. Suijdberg . . . 709 Helsingborg : Plan by N. Gellerstedt . . . . 711 Discussion. John Belcher ...... 712, 714 T. C. Horsfall 712 J. Fels...... 714 Dr. Lilienberg ...... 714 J. Loseby . . . . , , . . yI4 Contents. xvii

PAGE LA LEGISLAZIONE ITALIANA IN MATERIA DE PIANI REGOLATORI EDILIZII (ITALIAN LEGISLATION RESPECTING THE PLANNING OF BUILDING AREAS) [Mario Cattaneo] . . . 716 Translation of Signor Cattaneo's Paper ..... 722

PART III. EXHIBITIONS OF MAPS, PLANS, DRAWINGS, AND MODELS.

THE ROYAL ACADEMY. Opening of the Exhibition : Remarks by the President and Mr. John Belcher, R.A. . . • • • 733 Notes on the Exhibits [H. V. Lanchester and Raymond Unwin] 734 Illustrations from the Exhibition. Old Plan of the City of Turin ...... 745 Turin : Extension Plan ...... 746 Milan, 1910 ...... 747 Plan of Garden City on the Outskirts of Milan . . . 748 Mogg's New Plan of Regent's Park, &c. .... 749 John Nash's Plan for laying out Regent's Park . . . 749 Professor Pite's Design for approach from St. Paul's Bridge 750 'Queen Victoria Memorial : Plan ..... 751 Mr. T. E. Collcutt's Project for Street Bridges . . . 752 View showing Proposals of the Further Strand Improvement Committee ...... 753 Site Plan for New Government Offices, Jamaica . . . 754 New Government Offices, King Street, Jamaica . . . 755 Rearrangement of Circus : Mr. Norman Shaw's Plan ...... 756 West Side, : Proposed Treatment, by Mr. John Murray 757 Improvement of Piccadilly Circus : Mr. John Murray's Sug­ gestion 758, 759 Suggested Improvement to Approaches, by Professor Adshead ...... 760, 761 Suggestion for a Traffic Place at Shepherd's Bush, by Mr. H. Inigo Triggs ...... 762 Dunfermline: Design for super-arched Bridge, by Mr. T. H. Mawson . 763 Port Sunlight: Mr. E. Prestwick's Design [from Drawing by Mr. Robert Atkinson] ...... 764 Port Sunlight: Plan ...... 765 Bournville, 1909 : Plan 766 Harborne Tenants Limited : Plan of Estate . . . 767 Hampstead Garden Suburb : Model ..... 768 Ditto, Plan 769 An Industrial Village : Suggestion by Mr. H. Inigo Triggs 770 Alkrington Estate : General Plan of Development . . 771 xviii Transactions of the Town Planning Conference, Oct. 1910.

PAGE Fallings Park Garden Suburb, Wolverhampton . . 772 Gidea Hall Estate, Romford : Plan for Development . . 773. Woodlands Mining Village . . . • . • • 774- A Suburban Development suggested by the Manchester Society of Architects ...... 775~7T Liverpool Improvements : Suggestion by Professor Adshead 77S Washington : Proposed Treatment of Basin, Terrace, and Capital Approaches c • ...... • 779' Ditto, General Plan of Mall System ..... j8<> Ditto, General View, Monument Garden .... 781 Ditto, View of Proposed Lincoln Memorial . . . 782 Chicago : General Diagram of Exterior Highways . . 783. Ditto, Proposed Civic Centre ...... 784. Ditto, Proposed Boulevard, continuing Michigan Avenue . 785 Ditto, Plans of Proposed Parks ...... 786- Ditto, Proposed Plaza ...... 787 Extension Plan for The Hague...... 788- Antwerp at the beginning of the Nineteenth Century : Plan . 789 Vienna : Western Part of Inner Town and Ringstrasse : Plan 790- Ditto : Proposed Revision of the Karlsplatz . . . 791 Ditto : Karlsplatz, before the river was covered in . . 792- Berlin : A Place from Design by Messrs. Schmitz, Have- stadt, Contag, and Blum ...... 793; Konigsberg : Model of the Schloss-Teich Bridge . . 793 Berlin, View of Moabit Quarter ..... 794. Sketch of General Building Plan for the Forest Land and for the Land of adjoining communities along Gorlitz Railway ...... 795 Town Extension of Chemnitz ...... 796 Bremen : Old Plan of City ...... 797 Crefeld : General Plan ...... 798 Ditto, Bird's-eye View ...... 799 ' Nancy in 1873 . . . . ' . . . 800 Lille : Area within the Fortifications .... 801

THE GUILDHALL EXHIBITION . 802 THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS' EXHIBITION . 804. View of London, with the Improvements of its Port . . 805 View of Brunswick Dock, 1790 - . . . . . 806 View of West India Dock, 1802 ...... 807 Port of London : London Dock, 1803 ... • . . . 808 View of the London Dock, 1808 .....809 View of East India Docks, 1808 •. . - . . . 810

INFORMAL MEETINGS : EXHIBITION OF LANTERN SLIDES . . 811