?7-/- Gift ofthe Panama Canal Muttum

Vol 4, No. 3 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE, OCTOBER 2, 1953 5 cents

ACTUAL WORK WILL BEGIN SOON TO INCREASE DEPENDABLE CAPACITY OF THE PANAMA CANAL

Subcommittee Head Visits Zone Engineering studies are un- der way and actual work will begin soon on the first part of a two-phase plan designed to increase the dependable capa- city of the Panama Canal and provide better transit facilities for shipping.

The initial features of the plan have bean approved by the Board of Directors of the Panama Canal Company. The necessary Congressional authority has since been obtained to proceed on the first part of the program, estimated to cost $1,000,000. The present "dependable" capacity of the Canal is limited by the number of lockages which can be made in 24 hours during the overhaul periods. These periods occur every five years for each set of locks, alternating between the Pacific and Atlantic sides, and at these times one lane of traffic at one of the sets

of locks is closed. Traffic In Cut If this limitation were removed the next limiting factor on "dependable" capacity would be the handling of traffic through Gaillard Cut during varying kinds of weather and under conditions REPRESENTATIVE JOHN J. ALLEN, Jr., Chairman of the Panama Canal Subcommittee of the requiring "clear cut" handling of certain Marine House Merchant and Fisheries Committee, looks over a portrait of Canal Builder George W. ships. The latter rule prohibits vessels Goethals. Representative Allen arrived last month for an extended Canal Zone visit. carrying dangerous cargo or of a very large size from meeting or passing other ships in the narrow confines of Gaillard Electronics Firm To Send Consultants Cut. The overall program is designed to substantially reduce both of these limiting To Study Canal Navigation Problems factors. Phase I of the plan provides for modifi- cation of the Locks to The Sperry Gyroscope Company, well- ded in the center of the Canal prism. permit the overhaul known maker of electronic devices, has Electronic devices aboard transiting ships of the center wall culverts and cylindrical valves be3n invited to sand representatives to would record a veer to either direction without emptying either of the lock chambers. This will permit double- the Canal Zone to suggest a solution to from this center line. A difficulty with culvert operations when one set of lock navigation problems arising from heavy such a cable is that its location would chambers is is rains or fog. Two consultants from the interfere with the operations of dredging unwatered. This not pos- sible under existing overhaul conditions. Sperry Company are due here about equipment which must (See page 11) of the October 12. This phase work, when com- In the invitation to the electronics pleted, will increase the dependable capacity the manufacturer Canal officials suggested the The Panama Canal Review from present 23 lockages a day at Gatun to 29 a day while an over- months of September, October, and No- joins in the universal expression of haul is in progress, an increase of 25 vember for the visit because of the severe congratulations and best wishes fogs and rains which occur at this time percent. to of year. The second phase of the plan, on which President Jose Antonio Remon C. The solution which the consultants extensive engineering and research work will suggest toward solving the problem and the remains to be done, is expected to cost of low-visibility navigation is, of course, People of the Republic of Panama several million dollars. known. There are several possibilities. not on the occasion of the To Be Examined One might be an adaption of radar; a 50th Anniversary The Birth Of following operational features major difficulty with this is that most The are Of The Nation On November 3rd to be examined as being of possible con- radar equipment is massive. Equipment for Canal use would, of necessity, have tribution in increasing the capacity of A brief summary of some of the outstand- the or the locks: portable so that it could be taken Canal to be ing features of Panama's history and its aboard transiting ships. progress as a nation is presented on pages 1. Use of spare lock gate leaves which 8 and 9 of this issue. Another might be a heavy cable, imbed- can be substituted for those (See page 12) THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953

Congressman Attends Fire Prevention Is Year-Round Program For Canal Zone Force Employee Conference

At Balboa Heights

A sampling of Canal employee problems and questions was given last month to a

! mi.. I States Congressman when Repre-

S sntative John J. Allen, Jr., of California sat in as an observer at the monthly "Shirtsleeve Conference." It was the first occasion that a Congressman has ever attended one of the conferences. Representative Allen is Chairman of the Panama Canal subcommittee of the House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee. The subcommittee handles all legislation pertaining to the Panama Canal. During the conference, which also chalked up another "first"— in that it was the first in which the employee repre- sentatives were from the Civic Councils only^subjects ranged from a shortage of doctors fco barricades over open culverts. Health Problems In answer to a previous complaint that reduction of the La Boca dispensary had resulted in a patient overload at the Gorgas Hospital Out-Patient Clinic, Acting Governor H. 0. Paxson read a report from the Health Director which showed that the Gorgas out-patient load had not substantially increased. The daily patient average at the La Boca first aid station, however, was higher in FIREMAN JOHN OLSEN times a fire drill at Balboa High School while Principal T. F. Hotz watches August than it had been as a dispensary two months before. Although Fire Prevention Week begins Back in the clubhouse kitchen they Health authorities are trying to work next Sunday and lasts through October inspect storage space and make sure that out a solution to the parking problem 10, fire prevention in the Canal Zone is cooking oils, if any are on hand, are stored near the clinic and are looking into a actually a year-round proposition. in drums. Deep-fat frying is always system of appointments. Preventing fires, according to Capt. hazardous and they check to see that Charles Hammond, representing the A. J. Troup, Chief of the Fire Division, each frying kettle has a cover to be

Pedro Miguel Civic Council, protested is an important part of the business of clapped over the fat should it blaze up. the proposed reduction of the dispensary the SO men of the force. They tour the barber shop and the there to a first aid station, pointing out That they are succeeding is indicated beauty shop and, if the Balboa Clubhouse the work done by the local doctor on by the fact that during the past fiscal had a tailor shop it would also be ship calls. year fire losses to Company-Government inspected to see that its supplies were This led into a general discussion of the property totalled only $21,883. stored in safe fashion and that inflam- shortage of doctors, the difficulty in main- Highly important in the fire prevention mable fluid was not being used for taining adequate health services, and program are the inspections made regu- cleaning or spotting. especially the situation on the Atlantic- larly by firemen from every station in Then The Schools side. Jack of the Cristobal-Marga- Rice, the Canal Zone. Like all firemen, John From the Clubhouse, Mr. Olsen goes rita Council, said that the proportion of Olsen of the Balboa Central Station, who to the three Balboa schools. At each of medical men to residents was out of line has been on the force since April 2, 1944, these he sees the principal and, after on the two sides of the Isthmus and that makes such checks frequently. making sure that students are not taking medical personnel should be dispersed to Clubhouse First examinations which might be disturbed, provide for emergency medical care. On a typical inspection day he leaves rings the fire alarm bell. Colonel Paxson outlined plans to have the Balboa station soon after he reports He clocks the time it takes for every the Diablo Heights and Margarita Com- for duty at eight o'clock. His first stop student and every teacher to reach a missaries open on Mondays, from 1 to is the Balboa Clubhouse. There he is place of presumed safety, 50 feet away 8 p. m., and close on Wednesdays. It was joined by the clubhouse manager, B. S. from the school building. All buildings uneconomical, he said, to have all retail Chisholm, and together they make the should be emptied within three minutes; commissaries open six days a week, but rounds of the big building. the average time for a school is one by opening one or two commissaries on Storerooms are checked for combustible minute and 15 seconds. each side on Mondays the residents of trash or oily rags which can ignite spon- After the students are back in their these large areas would have six-day taneously. Guards of dry closet heaters classrooms, Mr. Olsen and the principal shopping service. The question was are inspected—as is any exposed wiring. make the rounds of the building, inspect- referred to the individual civic councils In the theater the two men try the ing the janitors' closets, other supply or for their opinions. "panic bolts" which are on every exit water heater rooms, and the school shop. Panama Line door and satisfy themselves that the Wherever they go they are looking for The question of discrimination on doors will open at the slightest pressure potential fire hazards. Panama Line ships between tourist and on the "panic bolts." In the projection Hospitals, Too employee passengers came up again for booth they make sure that movie film Inspection of the clubhouse and three discussion. Colonel Paxson commented is properly stored. Regulations allow one schools takes an entire morning. After on the difficulty of "trying to run two reel in the projector and another out luncheon Mr. Olsen starts out again, kinds of steamship lines on the same of its case, but require that all other reels headed for Gorgas Hospital. On the way ship" and pointed out the need for tourist be safely stowed away in tin cans. The he detours to check, again for fire hazards, revenue at times of the year when slides which operate automatically to a row of garages, many of which are employee travel is light. Certain cour- isolate the projection booth from the occupied by hobby shops. tesies, given on all tourist Set page ih auditorium are checked. At the hospital he is (See page 15) October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Cunas Visit Zonians; Zonians Visit Cunas As Isthmian Good Neighbors Swap Calls

was delighted when a young Indian picked out on her piano the same tune which Cunas play on their bamboo mouth reeds. Although he had never seen a piano before he did not hammer the keys as children ordinarily do. Another young visitor was interested in Canal Zone shower baths. Shown how to turn the water on and off, he took a bath—clothes and all. Then he solemnly undressed, wrung the water from his sopping clothes and put them back on. More Formal Visits The Cuna visits to the Canal Zone are a lot less formal than the visits which the two Canal Zone men make to the Indian villages. Mr. Doyle, an architect now working with the Contract and Inspection Divi- sion, became interested in the Indians about 1948, and, with Richard Williams of the Sanitary Division made several

GOOD NEIGHBORS swap calls. In the top picture Jonas Briggs, Chief of the Cuna Indians at trips up the Bayano River. The Indians Maje, second from the left, drinks coffee with his two Canal Zone friends, Gerald A. Doyle, Jr., left, and always ask about their old friend; Mrs. Stevens. him is another visitor, E. B. Beside Cuna whom the Zonians know only as Jose. Williams has the distinction of having Below, "Steve" cooks pancakes over a log fire in a Cuna communal dwelling on the Bayano River. made a trip herself on one occasion. She was invited to attend a fiesta and did much toward breaking down the reticence and shyness of the Cuna women. Mr. Stevens, head of the Structural Branch of the Engineering Division, became interested through Mr. Doyle. Both had read the late Fred McKim's

Forbidden Land which is, in part, an account of a trans-Isthmian trip through the Cuna Indian country from the San Bias to the Bayano River. Mr. McKim was a local pioneer in Indian contacts and was frequently visited at his Ancon home by San Bias and Bayano chiefs. Jerry Doyle paved the way for the subsequent trips which he and "Steve" have made into the Bayano country. He first made friends with a Panama police sergeant at Chepo, who is an unofficial sort of guardian of the Cuna's outer portals. Then he began, slowly, to develop acquaintances among the Cuna men who bring their surplus produce down the river for sale. A small-scale Good Neighbor Policy is children, however, generally refuse any Finally he got permission to go as far the project of two Canal Zone men, fancy or unusual dish, preferring those as Maje, into the semi-autonomous E. B. Stevens of Balboa and Gerald A. that are related to their native diet of Indian territory. Maje, the first Cuna Doyle, Jr., of Ancon. Their "neighbors" meat, fish or game, rice, and fruit. village about 45 miles up the Bayano are the husky little Cuna Indians of the Tuna Fish And Ginger Bread from Chepo, is named for an old-time Bayano River country. Mrs. Stevens says that a favorite dish, Indian chief who had eight beautiful And being neighborly, of course, means judging from the enthusiasm with which daughters. They all married Spaniards; that each visits with the other and that they eat it, is creamed tuna fish; they legend has it that "Maje" (See page tS) each shares his interests and possessions also seem to find hot gingerbread espe- with the other. cially tasty. Once some left-over Johnny Almost any day the Stevens and Doyle Mazetti was on hand and the Indians families are apt to find, as some of their re illy "went to town" on it, she says. friends put it, that they are "surrounded by Indians." Their visitors, who appear The Doyles discovered a group of Cuna without advance notice and usually stay visitors so fond of Ritz crackers that only a few hours, are Cuna Indians whom boxes of them were included on the next the two men have met on trips up the Doyle-Stevens trip up the Bayano. Bayano River. Luncheon over, the men smoke and A typical "delegation" is two or three talk in Spanish; the boys either sit silent men, with one or two of their sons or among the grownups or amuse themselves nephews. The visitors are always male in a quiet way. One of the Doyles' occa- members of the tribe, since the women sional visitors is a six-year-old boy, a seldom, if ever, leave their Bayano contemporary of Mr. Doyle's daughter, River territory. Claudia. When he was younger the two Qui?t and neat, barefooted but usually children played together like any two hatted, the Cunas usually arrive just youngsters. Now he stays with the men. about time for the noon meal. The The Cunas accept the strange fashion adults eat, without comment, whatever in which their Canal Zone friends live and they are served although obviously many even the fact that they sleep in beds and JERRY DOYLE takes it easy going down the of the dishes are novelties to them. The not hammocks like Cunas. Mrs. Stevens Bayano River in a dugout canoe. .

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953

FOR YOUR INTEREST AND GUIDANCE IN^CCIDENT PREVENTION c

THERE IS NO "ABSOLUTE SAFETY" JUST A WHEEL WORKING DAZE Every year in the United States there are I'm just a wheel—a steering wheel —and captain. 2,000,000 p< ople « ho see their first auto- you're my mobile, radio, television, elephant oi you Behind me, you're the lord and master of name it. So likewise 2,000,000 people have a miracle. You can make me take the kids a lot to see, hear, feel, and learn every to school. You can turn me down the sunny da] \"'l one ol the important things they road to town. With me you can guide your have to learn i- how to keep alive. It's goods to market—you can rush the injured not easj to be healed—you can go, in minutes, to A not generallj known fact is that, places that once were hours away. You "Accidents cause the loss ol more 'working can do magic. \i-atV of life than cancer, heart disease, or Yet, in the blink of an eye, in the tick of

any other leading cause of death." rhou- your watch, I can turn deadly killer. I can sands of scientists, medical men, research snuff out the life of a kid still full of life— workers, and people you never heard of are maybe your kid. carrying on vast programs to help you keep I can twist a smile into tears. I can wreck alive longer. In these many great crusades and cripple and destroy. I can deal out to to a longer more health- discover the way death like the plague. ful life, there is none in which you can do And I'm no respector of persons a child, more to help yourself, than in the one — a grandmother, even you, my friend it's against accidents. — all the same to me. It is not yet known how you can prevent I'm sensitive. I respond instantly to the yourself from becoming the victim of hands you give me. Give me calm hands, cancer, polio or heart disease, but much is and I'm your known about how you can prevent yourself steady hands, careful hands— friend. But give me unsteady hands, fuzzy- from becoming the victim ol an accident. minded hands, reckless hands then I'm And in that crusade you are one of the — to the life, the key persons. your enemy, a menace happiness, the future of every person, every It first must be recognized that a certain handling or use of things; such as inatten- youngster riding, walking, playing. degree of risk is involved in every human tion, misjudgment, recklessness, lack of I was made for pleasure and usefuln c-s undertaking. The degree of danger is largely knowledge or skill, and incomplete pro- Keep me that way. I'm in your hands. determined, not so much by the inherent visions and safeguards. nature of things, but by the human failures I'm just a steering wheel. And you're my Secondly, it must be acknowledged that or weaknesses surrounding the methods of captain. Behind me you're the lord and there is no such thing as "absolute safety." master of a miracle or a tragedy. The most that can be reasonably expected — It's is a definite organized effort to insure an up to you. HONOR ROLL acceptable degree of "reasonable safety." published by (Alter all, we are only human that (The above theme was Bureau Award For —and means something less than perfect). This the American Oil Company, which BEST RECORD implies there is a best or a better way of grants permission for reprinting— in doing things to avoid the risk of accidental the interest of a safer America). AUGUST injury. The formal development of practical HEALTH BUREAU s.ilcty measures constitutes only one phase about through the broad dissemination ol of a good safety program. An equally proper information and the persistent and important phase of any safety effort is the sincere application of recognized sale AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR creation and maintenance of a receptive practices. Industrial 5 state of safety-consciousness. Remember Exercise reasonable care and enjoy a those 2,000,000 newcomers coming up Civil Affairs 3 longer and better life. Help the new man everj year? who doesn't yet know all the angles. In Health 3 We cannot code or legislate safety helping him you may be helping yourself Engineering and Construction 2 consciousness. This can only be brought more than vou will ever realize. Community Services 1 Marine Disabling Injuries per 1.000,000 Man-Hours Worked Railroad and Terminals AUGUST 1953 (Frequency Rale) Supply and Service

• For Division Award Health Bureau j XXJ NO DISABLING INJURIES Engineering and Construction Bureau 4 j AUGUST . 23 Civil Affairs Bureau i HOSPITALIZATION AND CLINICS ELECTRICAL DIVISION Community Services Bureau 10

— . .. ,. * i RAILROAD DIVISION Marine Bureau 12 DIVISION OF STOREHOUSES Supply and Service Bureau 12 DIVISION OF SANITATION

C. I. Govt—Panama Canal Co. (Best Year) 13 AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR C. Z. Govt.—Panama Canal Co. (This Month) 13 Sanitation 7 Motor Transportation 6 Railroad and Terminals Bureau 1 Dredging 5 *:::•:•:•:•:::!. Electrical 5 Industrial Bureau l 38 1 Grounds Maintenance 4 Hospitalization Clinics 4 and 20 30 40 50 Railroad 4 Number of Disabling Injuries. Man-Hours Worked 2 447,552 Maintenance 3 33 LEGEND Storehouses 3 Clubhouses 2 Amount Better Than Canal Zone Government—Panama Canal Company Best Year Navigation 1 Commissary Amount Worse Than Canal Zone Government—Panama Canal Company Best Year Locks Terminals f}i'£v%& Accumulative Frequency Rate This Year October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Five Local Rate Credit Unions Pile Up Almost $300,000 In Assets In Five Years

no longer employed by the Company- Government can either withdraw his savings or retain his membership with the privilege of continuing his savings and borrowing to the extent of his savings. By October 29, 1948, all five credit unions were organized and two months later had piled up assets of over $3,200. When Mr. Wright returned for his second visit, in October 1949, the membership had grown to 1,600 and the five unions had accumulated over $31,000 in savings. By December 1951, their assets had multiplied to the astounding total of $152,043, and six months later had risen still farther to a total of $205,935. Now, Mr. Wright believes, the five credit unions have proved their ability to promote thrift among their members. Each of the credit unions is directed by 15 elected officers. Each has nine direc- tors, three credit committeemen and three auditing committeemen. The bylaws do not permit any officer to receive any salary whatsoever, except that the treasurer may be paid to the

PRESIDENTS of the Canal Zone's five Federal Credit Unions line up for The Review camera at extent that the membership votes, in the office of the Balboa (La Boca) union. meeting. The board of directors has the Left to right they are: Ernest Williams, Balboa; Uzziel G. Ayre, Gatun; Thomas Sawyers, Paraiso- U. authority to hire employees when the Red Tank; Foster G. Bournes, Cristobal; Clarence F. Sampson, Gamboa. workload makes this necessary. The total salaries being expended by all five Federal A little man with an over-size umbrella north across the Canal Zone: Balboa (La credit unions were less than $250 a month marches across the letterhead of the five Boca), Paraiso-Red Tank, Gamboa, at the time of the last Bureau of Federal Federal Credit Unions which operate Gatun, and Cristobal. The largest of the Credit Union examinations. among Canal local-rate employees. His five, both in assets—$116,372—and mem- None of the officers is permitted wide grin indicates that he is comfortably bership— 1,872, is that at Cristobal. The to borrow more than the amount of dry despite the downpour of "hard times, second largest and the last to be organized his savings. All treasurers and other sickness and financial distress" beating is the Balboa union, where 1,407 members employees are bonded. onto the umbrella. The umbrella, of have assets totalling $78,503. course, bears in big letters the words The other three line up, statistically, as Working Officers "Credit Union." follows: Gatun, with assets of $46,339 and Commenting on the officers in a recent Except for his attire, which is States- 671 members; Gamboa, with assets of report, Mr. Wright said: side rather than tropical, he could well be $30,650 and 614 members; and Paraiso- "The directors and committeemen any of the over 5,000 local-rate workers Red Tank, with assets of $26,036 and who, by law, cannot be paid for serving who, in the past five years, have deposited 575 members. as such, have donated a truly enormous almost $300,000 in their credit unions. Plans Started In 1947 amount of their time to the operation of the Through these credit unions which will Plans for some sort of credit union for credit unions." this In all five credit be five years old month, any of the local-rate employees were started in 1947, unions, the lives of the 5,139 members can salt away in his credit soon after the Federal Credit Union Law borrowers (up to age 70) are insured to union savings account any spare cash he was amended to include the Canal Zone. the extent of their unpaid loans. This provision happens to have. Or, if he needs cash, he Officials of the now defunct UPW-CIO guarantees the payment of the may borrow money to buy anything from were instrumental in the early planning. loan without loss to the lending credit a baby crib to property on which to build By September 1948 five groups of local- union and without hardship to the dead his future home or funds to tide him over rate employees had filed preliminary ap- member's surviving family. The insur- some family emergency like sickness or plications for Federal Credit Union ance in such cases is paid for as an oper- death. charters and the following month Mr. ating cost of the credit union rather than as an individual $283,151 Invested Wright arrived from his home office in assessement against its members. On June 30 this year, the latest date Atlanta to organize the groups. Four of the credit unions, Cristobal, for which figures are available, 5,139 In the meantime, Canal officials were Gatun, Gamboa, and Paraiso-Red Tank, Canal local-rate employees had $283,151 acting as unofficial godfathers to the match their members' savings accounts, invested in credit union savings accounts; groups. They provided office space for dollar for dollar, with life insurance up 2,952 of them had loans outstanding, in the new unions and made available, at a to a $1,000 limit and with certain age the total amount of $167,837. nominal rental, some office equipment. limitations. The premiums are paid out These figures were obtained from a re- Today Mr. Wright says of this help: of operating income. port submitted recently to Company- "They (the credit unions) commenced Should a member in one of these credit Government officials by Harold B. operation under a favorable atmosphere. unions die, his family would receive not Wright, Assistant Regional Representa- Without such assistance they could not only the money in his savings account tive of the Bureau of Federal Credit have functioned." but an identical sum in life insurance. Unions, who spent several weeks in the Mr. Wright appeared before each group Between the time when the credit Canal Zone last spring. to explain that "credit unions are groups unions were established in the fall of 194S All five of the Federal Credit Unions of people maintaining a type of joint and June 30 this year, the five unions are chartered under the Social Security savings accounts from which any member had loaned $690,310 to a total number Administration Division of the Depart- can borrow at a low interest rate." of 14,407 borrowers. ment of Health, Education, and Welfare. Restricted To Employees

Mr. Wright helped to organize them and Membership was, and still is, restricted Few Delinquents has made several trips to the Canal Zone to employees of what are now the Panama The matter of delinquent loans has to assist their officers on any problems Canal Company and Canal Zone Govern- presented some problem but not so much which have arisen since his last previous ment. Because of the peculiar local situa- as one might expect considering the large visit. tion provisions were made so that a credit number of members and the fact that the

The five credit unions are, moving union member who is, for some reason, present experience is the (See page el THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953

value, represent a comparatively small Canal Company's Purchases In Panama Totalled proportion of the total required annually by the Commissary Division to meet its requirements. Over $2,500,000 For Entire Past Fiscal Year

Five Local Raie Credit Unions Pile Up Direct purchases of merchandise valued figures exceeded any single year's totals Almost $300,000 In Assets In Five Years at $2,586,000 were made from supply prior to 1953. sources in the Republic of Panama by the Panama-grown coffee was bought in {Continued from pages) first venture for Canal Company during the substantial quantities by the Commissary Panama many of them into the field of systematic 1953. Division during the past year for the first fiscal year saving or scientific borrowing. total represented a 25 percent time in several years. These purchases The Some of the credit unions have brought in Panama amounted to over $50,000 in the last increase over the $2,060,000 court action against members who have bought the previous fiscal year, quarter of 1953, and were principally products failed to pay their loans. The unions than the 1951 fiscal responsible for more than doubling the and 40 percent more have reported that the court action has purchases which totaled $1,525,000. dollar value of agricultural products, year had a salutary effect on the minority of These figures represent only the direct other than fruits and vegetables, which borrowers who have been laggard in their purchases by the Canal and are exclusive were bought by the Commissary Division. payments. the armed forces, other of those made by Among the miscellaneous items in last While the credit committees are sym- agencies, or Government Government year's purchase list the most important pathetic to borrowers who need funds for the Canal Zone. contractors in were magazines and film rentals. More emergencies or for worthwhile purchases, tabulation of purchases made by the A than $140,000 worth of magazines were they are less receptive to the requests of for the past two fiscal years in nine Canal handled by the Clubhouse Division and those wishing to do some large, out of line principal categories follows: the division paid out almost $180,000 in with income, buying. 1952 1953 film rentals during the year. This does not mean that the credit Meat products $735,000 $794,000 The steady increase in the amount of unions frown upon installment buying. 123,000 Fruits and vegetables 134,000 local purchases during recent years has For some time local-rate employees who Other agricultural products. 51.000 122,000 resulted primarily from the cooperative are credit union members have been able Other food products 32,000 28,000 Beverages 146,000 149,000 efforts of the Canal administration and to borrow money to buy from the com- Sugar and alcohol 76,000 403,000 suppliers in the Republic of Panama. missaries such items as furniture, radios, Forest products 151,000 52,000 The Canal has long followed the practice and refrigerators. Industrial products 360,000 527,000 of buying in the local markets when qual- The borrower, of course, has to satisfy Miscellaneous supplies 377,000 3SS,000 ity, delivery, and price meet requirements. his credit union's credit committee of his $2,062,000 $2,585,000 Total Continuing efforts are made to increase ability to repay the loan, before a loan is The bulk of the Canal's purchases purchases, particularly fresh fruits and made. The credit union pays the commis- during the past fiscal year came direct vegetables. Such purchases in the local sary and the borrower makes his "install- from the farms in the Republic or from market, although significant in dollar ment payments" to the credit union. manufacturing firms utilizing natural resources as their basic products. Heading — the list in dollar value were beef, cattle, Zone Students Once sugar, cement, fresh fruit and vegetables, and native lumber. Zone Teachers Now Beef purchases alone last year amounted to $694,000 and Panama-produced sugar valued at nearly $400,000 was bought by the Commissary Division. Third highest on the list of individual items was Panama cement valued at slightly over $380,000. The combined value of these three prod- ucts alone exceeded the total amount of direct purchases in any one year up to 1951. Meat and Fish Although the beef purchases repre- sented the bulk of the meat products bought last year, a total of $100,000 in other meats were bought. Heavy pur- chases of fish, shrimp, and lobster were made in each of the four quarterly periods last fiscal year. Other meat products bought in Panama last year included fowl, pork, and cured meats. Practically all of the purchases made by the Canal organization are those for the Commissary, Storehouse, and Club- house Divisions. Most of the food prod- ucts are bought by the Commissary Divi- sion for resale. Purchases by the Store- house Division consist principally of building materials and industrial prod- ucts, while purchases for the Clubhouse Division are mostly miscellaneous items. Most significant of the increases in amount of material bought during the past fiscal year over previous years was in Panama-produced sugar. Last year was the first time when locally manu- factured sugar was offered on a yearly basis in sufficient quantities to meet the demand. CANAL ZONE youngsters had better think up new reasons why they were late to school or didn't The large increase in industrial prod- have their homework done. These two teachers know all the time-worn local answers. Both attended ucts bought last year was caused by the elementary and grade school in the Zone. Miss Ann Newhard, left, was born in the Canal Zone and is a graduate of Cristobal High School. year-round contract for cement pur- She is teaching at the Fort Kobbe school. purchases have been heavy chases. Such Miss Barbara Schnake right, was only nine months old when her parents brought her to the Isthmus; for the past several years but last year's she is a graduate of Balboa High School. She is teaching second grade at Diablo. October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW PANAMA fe{M) CANAL OF CURRENT INTEREST

Official Panama Canal Company Publication Published Monthly at BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE

Printed by the Printing Plant Mount Hope, Canal Zone

John S. Seybold, Governor-President

H. 0. Paxson, Lieutenant Governor

J. Rufus Hardy, Editor

Eleanor H. McIlhenny Editorial Assistant

SUBSCRIPTIONS— $1.00 a year

SINGLE COPIES— 5 cents each On sale at all Panama Canal Clubhouses, Commissaries, and Hotels for 10 days after publication date.

SINGLE COPIES BY MAIL-lOcentseach

BACK COPIES— 10 cents each On sale when available, from the Vault Clerk, Third Floor, Administration Building, Balboa Heights.

Postal money orders should be made pay- able to the Treasurer, Panama Canal Com- pany, and mailed to Editor, The Panama Z. Canal Review, Balboa Heights, C. EDWARD A. BACON, third from left, looks over Miraflores Locks with a group of Canal officials. Mr. Bacon, Special Consultant to the Secretary of the Army, visited the Canal Zone early last month and attended Company-Government budget hearings with two members of the Board of Directors. Left to right: Lt. Col. David S. Parker, Military Assistant to the Governor; Col. H. 0. Paxson, Acting Consultants Study Governor; Mr. Bacon; and Capt. Frank Munroe, Marine Director.

The first group of houses in the new Over 11,000 students are enrolled in the Compensation, Tolls, development at Corozal are scheduled Canal Zone schools this year, an all-time to be turned over to the Housing Divi- high for school attendance. sion for assignment about November 1. On September 18, the total enrollment For Congress Report The houses in the first group, now was 11,015; of this number 6,505 were in nearing completion, are located oppo- the white and 4,510 in the colored schools. site the boundary of the post of Corozal This was an increase of 543 since the schools Special studies were in progress and include some masonry and some opened; additional enrollments, particularly throughout the past month by two composite types. in the white schools, are expected as some groups of consultants on subjects school children are still returning from scheduled for consideration by Con- The last of the new quarters at Mar- summer vacations in the ITnited States. gress when it reconvenes in January. garita were accepted by the Housing In the white schools enrollment was A study on rates of tolls in progress Division late last month, a few days especially heavy in the first and second now for many months was greatly after the last of the Empire Street grades. On opening day there were 948 intensified at the end of August by the houses was transferred by the con tractor. first grade pupils, 159 more than on opening arrival of personnel of Ebasco Services, Landscaping and other work at Em- day last year. Inc., of New York. This firm was pire Street has also been completed. Enrollment in the secondary schools is employed earlier this year for engi- also up. Balboa High School, on September neering consulting services primarily 18, had a record student body of 773 stu- on the estimated service life of the Although one football game has already dents; last January the student body major Canal plant and equipment, also been held, the Canal Zone football season totalled 751. Other figures: Cristobal High a factor in establishing rates of tolls. gets under way formally tonight when the School, 313 students on September 18, com- The present study by Ebasco Services annual Football Jamboree is held at Mount pared to 289 last January; Balboa Junior relates primarily to Canal traffic and Hope Stadium. Playing tonight will be the High School, 476 students on September 18, future trends. Considerable ground four teams in the Canal Zone League: compared to 448 last January; Cristobal work on the tolls study had been com- Junior College, Balboa and Cristobal High Junior High School, 203 on September 18, pleted earlier by the Canal administra- Schools, and the Athletic Club. and 178 last January. tion. The present study compares in scope with the one conducted prior to Including last week's game and tonight's the opening of the Canal when rates Jamboree, 12 games are scheduled for this A final inspection was made late were first established and the one con- season. All will be local games and with last month of the newly-completed ducted in the mid-1939's on which one exception will be played at night. For Goethals Memorial at the foot of present rates are based. the first time in several years Canal Zone Administration Building Hill in Balboa. The study of special interest to Canal teams will not play Florida high school The landscaping is now finished and employees is one being conducted on teams, either here or in Florida. water is flowing from the basins, which the 25 percent differential and fringe The schedule, including tonight's Jambo- represent the locks, into the reflecting ben?fits as directed by Congress at its ree follows: pool at the base of the monument. first session this year. Plans for the dedication ceremony Oct. 2, 7 p. m., Jamboree, Mount Hope This study is being conducted by have not yet been finished and the date Booz, Allen and Hamilton, manage- Oct. 9, 7 p. m., BHS vs CHS, Mount Hope on which it will be held is not definite. ment consultant firm with headquar- Oct. 10, 7 p. in., AC vs JC, Balboa A special round-trip rate of $120 will be ters in Chicago. feature of this study, given on the Panama Line for employ- A Oct. 16, 7 p. in., JC vs CHS, Balboa and only one of many phases, was a ees of the "Goethals Era" and their Oct. 23, 7 p. m., JC vs BHS, Balboa questionnaire to all U. S. -citizen wives who wish to attend the dedication. employees on living and working condi- Oct. 24, 7 p. m., CHS vs AC, Mount Hope The special offer will apply on only tions, the family or individual budget, Oct. 30, 7 p. m., CHS vs BHS, Balboa one southbound sailing, the date of will be announced as soon as the and other similar topics. Nov. 5, 7 p. m., AC vs BHS, Balboa which Reports of both groups are to be date of the dedication is known. Return Nov. 6, 7 p. m., vs CHS, Mount Hope made by December in time for con- JC passage must be taken not later than sideration by the Board of Directors Nov. 11, 4 p. m., AC vs CHS, Mount Hope two sailings after arrival in the Canal before presentation to Congress. Nov. 13, 7 p. m., BHS vs JC, Balboa Zone. THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953 Half Century Of Progress For Republic Of Panama

Panama, lodestar of travel and trade only a few years after the New World was the talk, rumor, and negotiation stage of for four and a half centuries, will be at discovered. The Spanish conquerors used continuing the construction of a canal. one of the crests of its history as it cele- the narrow strip of land as an easy pas- One of the gravest blows to Isthmian brates on November 3 the 50th anniver- sageway from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hopes for a canal came in 1901 when the sary of its birth as an independent nation. and geographically it was suited as a base Isthmian Canal Commission recommend- Ample evidence exists of its remarkable of operations for the conquest of Central ed the Nicaraguan route. Before final progress as a nation in the half century of and South America. action authorizing its construction, how- its existence in the social, economic, and Cup Of Gold ever, the French Canal Company offered political fields. Its schools; its beautiful During the very earliest part of its to sell its rights and properties at Panama homes and apartment buildings; the mod- history Panama experienced such a fan- for $40,000,000 and the tide of opinion ern, new El Panama Hotel; its expanding tastic era of prosperity that it became swung in favor of a Panama Canal. system of public highways; its inter- known as the "Cup of Gold." It was in Authorization for its construction was national airport at Tocumen; the Colon this period that gold, silver, and other provided in the Spooner Act which was Free Zone; and the development of its precious cargo by the shipload was signed into law in June 1902. Following fertile land all tell a story of great brought from Peru and Central America this the Hay-Herran Convention, written progress in the past five decades. and transported overland to Portobelo by two able diplomats of the United Although one of the least spectacular, for reshipment to Spain. This golden era States and Colombia, was signed in perhaps the most significant marks of its was broken by the decline of Spanish sea Washington January 22, 1903. The progress today is the program of its power and for decades the Isthmus treaty was ratified by the United States leaders to expand the economic base of languished in economic doldrums. Senate two months later. Opposition the nation by the intensive development The building of the Panama Railroad arose in the Colombian Senate and when of its agriculture and its natural resources in 1855, discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill it adjourned on October 31 of that year, which would in turn lead to a growth in in California, and the rapid settlement of without ratifying the treaty, hopes for a revenue-producing exports. the west coast of the United States, com- Panama Canal faded. Time and again in the 450 years of its bined in the middle of the last century to A Nation Is Born history the Isthmus of Panama has been bring a temporary period of prosperity to Events moved swiftly during the next one of the richest spots on earth. Unfor- Panama as the narrow isthmus was again three days and despite misgivings of tunately, these periods have been more used as a pathway for travelers and many, Panama's patriotic leaders sparked than matched by years of economic commerce. the successful revolt which resulted in the paucity. Its leaders today have inaugu- Hopes For Canal birth of the Republic of Panama on rated a program designed to free the Another wave of prosperity came for November 3, 1903. The new Republic country of these spasmodic peaks and Panama with the French Canal construc- was formally recognized by the United lows by providing a broad and stable base tion during the 1880's. However, the States three days later and a new treaty for its economy. collapse of the company in 1889 meant providing for the construction of the Geographically Favorable near economic ruin in Panama and for Canal was signed November 18. It was Panama, youngest of the American the next 15 years its economic and politi- ratified by Panama on December 2 and nations, is geographically one of the most cal fortunes were at a low ebb. During by the United States Senate on February avorably located. Both its size and loca- this period the hopes of the people of 29, 1904. tion have greatly influenced its history Panama, then a State of the Republic of Thus a new nation was born. Thus since the time of its early colonization Colombia, alternately rose and fell during began a long period of international rela-

AN AERIAL VIEW of Panama City as it looks today. At the time Panama became a nation on November 3, 1903, the popu'ation of the city was only about 18,000 and only the small peninsula was occupied. October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Another source of great economic wealth in Panama, which is still to be developed, is thousands of square miles of virgin forests. These contain an abun- dance of cabinet, dye, and building woods. The exploitation of this great natural resource has also been hampered by a lack of roads.

Public Schools

One of the most noteworthy features of Panama's national growth has been its public schools system. The provision for compulsory primary education at the nation's expense was provided in the Constitution written at the birth of the Republic. The following year the National Assembly passed a law organizing public instruction and since that time each succeeding administration has effectively advanced its development. One of the crowning achievements of its public education system was the estab- lishment in 1935 of the National Uni- versity. Its modern buildings and class- rooms provide educational facilities for THE HOTEL EL PANAMA is one of the finest in the western hemisphere. The new and modern buildings several thousand students enhance of Panama University can be seen at the right in this aerial view of Panama's new hotel. and the beauty of Panama City's fast-growing suburban area along the Boyd-Roosevelt tionship, singular in all history, in which own population. In addition, the past Highway. one of the world's larger nations and one fiscal year saw, for the first time, sub- Greatest Factor of its smallest conducted their mutual stantially all of the sugar and beef require- affairs on a plane of equality and amity. ments of the Canal Zone Commissaries The greatest single factor in Panama's Panama's declaration of independence bought from the farms and cattle-raising economic life during the first half century came at a time in its history when the areas of the Republic. of its history has been the Panama Canal. Its operation has provided employment economy of the Isthmus was at an all- Point Four Program time low and long neglect of its public for many thousands. The income from Added impetus has been given to the welfare had brought impoverishment and the thousands of tourists and visitors has agricultural program in the past few years despair to its people. meant prosperity for its merchants. And by the Point Four program. The pro- the hundreds of millions of dollars which Few prophets would have been so bold gram is jointly administered by the have been spent on the construction, then as to have forecast the rapid develop- Government of Panama and the Institute operation, and defense of the waterway ment which has been made by the nation of Inter-American Affairs, official Point have been a bulwark in the economic life during the first half century of existence Four agency for Latin America. It covers of the Isthmus. and the phenomenal growth of its two four major fields— education, agriculture, However great the effect of the Canal major cities, Panama and Colon. civil public health, and aviation. has been in the past 50 years, there is In 1903 the city of Panama had an The Republic's manufacturing indus- evidence of its diminishing influence in estimated population of 18,000 and Colon tries have heretofore been slow in develop- Panama's national economy. With the was a straggling coast town of 6,000 ment. Hampering factors have been the continued growth of the Republic and the inhabitants. Today the population of the lack of certain raw materials, a population development of its agriculture, natural nation's capital is nearing the 200,000 too small for volume production without resources, and industries, independent of mark and nearly equals that of the entire export, and a scarcity of locally invested the Canal, there will be less and less dis- country 50 years ago. Both Panama and capital. Nevertheless, this phase of the ruptions to the nation's economic life, Colon today are modern and flourishing nation's economic life is now developing clearly observable in the past by the rise cities with municipal facilities and im- more rapidly and manufacturing units are or decline in the amount of money spent provements expected in any metropolis now producing a variety of products. An by the United States Government in the of the twentieth century. outstanding development of industry is Canal Zone. Highway Construction the manufacture of cement which is now Panama's political and economic leaders available in sufficient quantity to meet have clearly foreseen this condition; their The progressive spirit which has not only all demands in Panama and the present program, when fully developed, marked the advancement of Panama City Canal Zone, but also a sizable volume will bring to the Republic a sound econ- and Colon is indicative of a general for export. omy based on its own resources. » growth and development of the nation as a whole. The development of the interior provinces has been less spectacular, being hampered principally by a lack of roads to the rich farming areas. This deficiency is now recognized; the Ministry of Public Works is aggressively pushing highway construction in various parts of the Republic. Today there are more than 1,000 miles of public roads in the Repub- lic. As this network spreads it will pro- vide transportation facilities to hitherto isolated areas in potentially rich agri- cultural lands.

Largely by reason of its geographic location, the Isthmus of Panama, since

its settlement, has been characteristically a trading area. While favorable in many aspects, this factor has undoubtedly detracted attention from the development MODERN AND OLD SPANISH architectural of the nation's agriculture and manu- features are embodied in many of the lovely homes in PANAMA'S SUBURBAN a-ea is studded with suburban areas. This is a typical home on beautiful homes and apartment buildings. Typical facturing possibilities. Panama's 52d Street. The entire area where this house is located of these is a home on Via Espana near the Hotel Today Panama produces all the rice, has been developed since the Republic of Panama El Panama. Visitors to Panama City are impressed by corn, coffee, and sugar required for its was founded in 1903. the many signs of prosperity and progress. 10 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953

Margarita Cat Fancier Jimmy found one in Australia with the Prefers same whimsical expression of Alice's Her Felines In Glass Or China Cheshire cat. When Bobby was only seven years old he returned by plane, alone, from the States. The plane landed in Costa Rica

i for an overnight stop. Its crew took Bobby to the movies in San Jose. It, On the way back to their hotel Bobby saw some porcelain cats in a shop window and bought a pair for his mother. From All Over Friends who know of her hobby have added to her collection from time to time and now Mrs. Orvis has ceramic, glass, or porcelain cats from many parts of the United States, Canada, and Europe.

Jimmy Orvis is now a jet pilot and the younger son has enlisted in the Navy; Mrs. Orvis expects that presently more cats will begin arriving from the places they visit.

The biggest cat in the collection is a ceramic calico cat—a pitcher. Several years ago Mrs. Orvis had two "floor model" cats but their mortality rate was high and they were not replaced after they were broken.

Mrs. Orvis' smallest item is the little one-inch tall blue glass cat with which she started her collection. Sometimes, Mrs. Orvis recalls, col- lecting leads to amusing incidents. Not a "Pesufia" In 1947 the Orvises were in Boston. In the window of a florist shop they saw a fine ceramic cat. They stopped

to ask if it were for sale. "It was," Mrs. Orvis says, "and we bought it and seven others, too. The florist, who apparently hadn't expected us to make such a wholesale purchase,

BUTTONS, who lives with the Roger Orvises at Margarita, is just barely tolerant of his mistress's went to the refrigerator and brought me collection of cats. The real cat in the background, borrowed from a neighbor "for photographic purposes, out a small corsage. is even more disdainful. What's the use of a cat that doesn't smell like a cat, much less act like one? "Without thinking, and remembering When Frances Orvis was a little girl she friends a catwalk—which runs across that in Panama appreciative shopkeepers was crazy about cats. Cats were crazy one wall of the living room of the Orvis often give their customers a small extra about her, too. home. gift, I said, 'Oh, a pesufia!' The only drawback was that Fran's Some of them have been sent to her by "The New Englander tried to hide a father didn't share her enthusiasm and her sons, James E. and Robert G., when smile as he corrected me. 'No madam,' " objected to her keeping the cats which all their travels took them to distant places. he said, 'it's a gardenia.' too frequently "just happened" to follow her home. Fran— now Mrs. Roger A. Orvis of Formation Of Local-Rate Civic Councils, Margarita, works in the main office of the Printing Plant at Mt Hope. She was in Hospital Insurance Group Progressing her senior year of high school when she came to the Canal Zone with her father, Maj. James E. Smith of the Army Committee Coordinating Insurance Group Formation Quartermaster Corps. Organization Will Isthmian cats had the same attraction Of Councils Be Completed Soon for her, and she for them, but it wasn't Organization of civic councils in Considerable progress is being made until some years later-that she found a local-rate communities in the Canal toward a hospitalization insurance plan way to satisfy her yearning for feline Zone, similar to the groups in the U. S.- for local-rate employees, according to companionship. rate towns, is progressing enthusiasti- A. E. Osborne, chairman of an 11 -man cally by the local-rate groups, Norman steering committee which is working Collectors and Collectors Johnson, Employee and Labor Relations out the plan. Officer told The Panama Canal Review. The committee was formed following In 1939 she went to San Antonio, Tex., A committee of five persons has been a meeting held late in August between to visit her father, who at this time was coordinating information on the efforts civic leaders from local-rate communi- enjoying retired life in the "Lone Star" of groups in each community who are ties and Norman Johnson, Employee State. She found that everyone she met organizing the local councils. This and Labor Relations Officer from the committee is made up of the follow- Personnel Bureau. was collecting something. She was ing: A. W. Crooks of La Boca; Harold Mr. Osborne said the group is tenta- exposed to collections which ranged from W. Williams of Rainbow City; Mrs. tively selecting an insurance company matchbook covers, playing cards, and Hilda Butcher of Santa Cruz; Ernest to deal with the local-rate group. The restaurant menus to after-dinner coffee Williams of Paraiso-Red Tank; and next task to be considered by the com- Z. S. Williams of Gatun. mittee is the formal organization of an cups and fine milk glass. On September 21, 50 residents of the association which would act as inter- She had never been a hobbyist herself Paraiso-Red Tank area held an organ- mediary between the Company-Gov- but the collections she saw gave her an izing meeting in the Paraiso Playshed. ernment and the insurance company. idea: Now was the time she could Ellis Fawcett, principal of the Paraiso It would receive payroll deductions for school, is chairman of this group. the insurance and turn them over to collect cats. Another meeting, also open to the the insuring company. Her first acquisition was a tiny, blue, public, will be held the evening of The committee has chosen the name, purse-size cat. Now, 14 years later, her October 5 at the Paraiso Playshed. Non-U. S. -Citizen Employees Hospital collection numbers well over 200. Cats Plans are also being made in Rainbow Insurance Association. City for a civic council and a pre- William Arthur is chairman of a com- of all sizes, colors, postures, expression, liminary meeting has also been held mittee which is charged with drawing and origin fill the shelf—called by her in La Boca. up a constitution for this^association. —

October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 11

OUR OUT-OF-DOORS

Orchids belong to the family Orchi- daceae.

dull, Some are gorgeously colored, some them for a stroll and put them to sleep. some curiously speckled and striped. There are dolls that Some look like groups of gay butterflies walk, dolls that talk, dolls with hair thct as the clusters flutter in the breeze and can be washed and some resemble curious moths. waved, combed 33 One species, Peristina elata, was likened and curled, there are baby dolls, by its early Spanish discoverers to the bride dolls, char- Holy Dove which descended at Christ's acterdolls, and dolls Baptism. It is the national flower of of all nations.

- in 1 Panama and blossoms each year For the do 1 August and September. house there are cra- dles, bassinets, play of Out of over 30,000 different species pens, double-deck orchids scattered throughout temperate beds, tea tables, stoves ith hinged oven and tropical regions of the world about doors, refrigeratois that open; kitchen nks. dishes with food cut-outs, cooking utensils, 300 species are found growing wild in — washing machines, irons, ironing boards, Panama. Many others have been intro- clothespins, clotheslines, and sewing machines. duced into this region and are now grown To strengthen growing bodies there are by many orchid lovers. velocipedes, bicycles, and many kinds of sports equipment as Heigh-ho! Come to the fair! is the theme well as archery sets this month's Commissary news. of and dart games What fair? Why, the toy fair, of course! which have not only Santa Claus is presenting a preview of his the conventional Christmas specialties next Friday October 9, bulls eye as target, 3 to 5:30 p. m., and 7 to 9 p. m., at the Atlan- but big game such as tic side toy center in the building just beyond bearsand lions, with Cristobal Clubhouse shoe repair shop, on special scores for Tobago Street and behind the Camp Bierd hitting the vital Clubhouse; and at the Pacific side toy center spots. which is in the old Mechanical Division cafe- To keep the mind teria building opposite the Roosevelt Ave- alert there are all sorts of games of skill and stone quarry. nue puzzles which stimulate concentration and Santa Claus and his deputies will be at develop patience. Among these is Parcheesi, the advance toy displays in the afternoon which has been a favorite for 85 years, and only, to listen to the wishes of the youngsters. such new ones as Huggin' the Rail —an auto race game; Boondoggle—the game of comic For the local-rate trade, the toy preview elections; Straight Arrow—a cowboy and will held at Camp Bierd and Rainbow be Indian game, MacDonald's Farm; Cargoes City Commissaries on the Atlantic side, 3 to a travel game,- and Mr. Ree— the game of m., with Santa's deputies at both 5:30 p. mystery which answers the question: 'Who stores,- on the Pacific side the preview will killed Aunt Cora?" Commissaries, bows his head in be at the Tivoli and La Boca A DOVE, with outspread wings, For rainy days there are the ever-popula- orchid. The 3 to 5:30 p. m. the cup of the waxy-white Holy Ghost anagrams, backgammon, chess, checkers, dom in diameter. blossom measures about 1^4 inches Some of the toys calculated to keep very inoes, card games, young children amused are "voice" tele- and jigsaw puzzles. phones which ring The most common of these are the two Among the edu- when the dial is orchids, Vanda Miss Joaquin cational and artistic "baby" revolved and from items are painting (Vanda hybrid) and Bamboo (Arundina which a voice is sets, crayons, model- bambusifolia). These are both terrestrial heard when the re- ing clay, printing and ceiver is inverted. (growing in the ground) orchids and unlike rubber stamp outfits, Other musical play- orchid species may be expected to make-your-own many things are a Noah's jewelry, embroidery flower throughout the year with a ark which tunefully kits, bead stringing, minimum of care. rides up and down and even seeds for a garden. on the waves when pulled by a string, a gay The Vanda Miss Joaquin is a hybrid or circus clown turning cartwheels, a chiming Mechanically-minded youngsters will en- cross developed in the Malay region stroller which holds a doll or teddy bear, |oy tool chests, electric trains, miniature almost 100 years ago by crossing Vanda the perennially popular rocking-horse and trucks, vans, grain haulers, steel carriers, bronco rider. wrecker trucks, steam shovels, tractors, and teres and Vanda Hookeriana. The first cranes. parent came from Burma and had a Mother's little helper will be delighted with the musical carpet sweeper which Cowboys can be outfitted with many vari- flowering period from May through Sep- works as she plays—actually sweeping as eties of pistols and holsters. No boy will be to resist the sensational gun that fires tember while the other parent was found it sounds musical notes. able six streams of water simultaneously! in Borneo and flowered only in Sep- "Timmie Turtle" makes friends fast with tember. The resulting hybrid produces toddlers as he pokes along, with legs Newest and most spectacular toy is the flying saucer which, when ejected from a purple or rose-colored flowers on swinging back and forth and tail wagging many instrument, to the tune coming from under the high- gun-like long racemes throughout the year. The impact shell on his back. sails silently through first cuttings of Vanda Miss Joaquin the air to a mysteri- Other musical items are wagons, trains, to the Isthmus from ous landing. were brought Hawaii fire engines, space planes, helicopters, and between 1930 and 1934. racing boats. These are just a The Bamboo orchids are native to Java A set of educational blocks will promote few of the innumer- coordination of mind and muscles for the able varieties of ex- and Sumatra and were first brought to the pre-school child. citing toys to add to Canal Zone in 1936 from Hawaii. They "Little mothers" will exclaim over the wide the delight of the derived their name from the superficial assortment of dolls. They will want to cuddle Canal Zone's thou- resemblance of the plants to those of the and dress them, feed and scold them, take sands of children. young bamboo.

The attractive pale purple flowers with Electronics Firm To Send Consultants ship-handling capacity of the waterway. a yellow lip are borne in terminal racemes, The need for some corrective measures To Study Canal Navigation Problems the flowers opening succesively as the for the low-visibility problem was evident

racemes elongate. The individual blooms (.Continued from page 1) work constantly in mid-September when a heavy fog remain fresh for about five days. Both maintaining the bottom of the Canal. blanketed the Pacific side of the Canal the Vanda and Bamboo orchid flowers Plans to overcome the problem of low- for several hours and delayed traffic. The are made into corsages; Bamboo orchid visibility navigation have been under first north-bound ship that day did not corsages are considered the more beautiful study here for some time. They are part enter Miraflores Locks until 8:10 a. m., by some people but Vanda corsages of an overall plan to speed up traffic an hour behind schedule, and harbor last longer. through the Canal and thereby increase the traffic was also disrupted. 12 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953

two side walls. The flow of water into or ACTUAL WORK WILL BEGIN SOON TO INCREASE out of the center wall culvert through smaller culverts running laterally under

DEPENDABLE CAPACITY OF THE PANAMA CANAL the floor of the lock chambers is con- trolled by huge cylindrical valves. Lateral to be repaired Time Schedules agel) culverts from both the center wall and overhauled; or Traffic through the Panama Canal for side wall connect with each lock chamber .'. Modification of the sidewalls to per- the past year has been at a level almost and each has five openings, five feet in mit the main sidewaU culverts and valves equal to the dependable capacity during diameter, in the lock floors. overhauled without emptying the overhaul periods under the present oper- to be Under normal operations the locks are locks; ating and overhaul conditions. For this filled or emptied by opening the valves in reason the completion of the modification 3. Provision of passing stations in both the center and side walls. This is of Gatun Locks under Phase I is scheduled Gaillard Cut at which ships of all cate- called double-culvert operation. With to be completed before the next overhaul gories could meet or pass other vessels; double-culvert operation the locks can be there in 1956. and filled or emptied almost twice as fast as by The time schedule calls for the com- 4. Installation of all-weather naviga- single-culvert operation and represents a pletion of the work under Phase I at tion equipment which would permit unin- difference of about six ship transits a day. Gatun by 1956, and that at Pedro Miguel terrupted operations during periods of Under present overhaul procedures, it and Miraflores Locks by 1958 when the low visibility in Gaillard Cut. is necessary to have the center wall next overhaul of the Pacific Locks is of the plan is com- culvert empty when it or either side of When Phase II scheduled. pleted, it is estimated that the dependable the locks is under overhaul. In addition, Double Culvert Operation capacity of the Canal will be substantially the parts of the cylindrical valves which increased from the 29 lockages achieved To understand what is to be done are removed for repair must be taken out under overhaul conditions by the com- under Phase I, it is necessary to know of side openings between the main culvert pletion of Phase I. The proposed im- how the locks are filled and emptied. and adjoining chamber. At present these provements will not, however, increase Water is fed into or emptied from the openings are sealed off by bulkheads on the limiting factor of the locks on the lock chambers by three 18-foot tunnels' the side of the watered chambers during size of ships which can transit. or main culverts, under the center and overhaul operations. There are small

CENTER WALL CULVERT OUT OF SERVICE FOR OVERHAUL

' GIGANTIC TUNNELS, 18 feet in diameter, from the center and side walls both chambers in service by plugging the openings from the center wall culvert of the Canal locks feed or empty the lock chambers. This drawing shows how in the floor of the lock chambers. The shaded portions indicate the flow of the tunnel and cylindrical vaives of the center wall may be overhauled with water from the big sidewall culverts into the lock chambers.

ONE CHAMBER OUT OF SERVICE FOR OVERHAUL

SIX MINUTES IS SAVED by filling or emptying a lock chamber if both permit the valves to be used to close off the flow of water into or out of the main culverts can be used. This sketch shows how this can be done with one lock chamber under overhaul. Under existing overhaul conditions it is neces- lock chamber empty. Under the proposed plan the cylindrical valves can be sary to empty the center wall culvert while either of the lock chambers is under removed for overhaul or repair without emptying either chamber. This will overhaul. October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 13 access shafts from the top of the walls to refitted for this purpose with a mounted Cunas Visit Zonians; Zonians Visit Cunas the center wall culvert, but they are not crane. Also, additional pumping equip- As Isthmian Good Neighbors Swap Calls large enough to lift out some of the valve ment will be required for unwatering the parts, one of which is about three and a center wall main culvert. (Continved from page S) was for a long half by eight feet in size. A sump is provided at the lower end of time synonymous with "father-in-law." Metal Plugs each center wall main culvert and a deep- is for Boundaries Marked It is planned to correct these opera- well turbine pump available emp- of the Indian tional procedures during overhaul by tying the culvert. However, an additional The boundaries territory temporarily plugging the holes in the lock pump will be installed to provide for are marked by concrete posts on either of the River. Originally floors fed by the lateral culverts from the faster unwatering of the culvert and a bank Bayano during the 1920's, the markers csnter wall, and by enlarging the access greater degree of dependability in opera- erected shafts to the cylindrical valves to permit tions. Some modifications will be required were replaced about three years ago. On all trips into this territory, the two men all parts to be removed. in the sumps to accomodate the additional The holes on the lateral culverts from pumping capacity. are accompanied by a Cuna, who acts as their guide sponsor. the center wall will be plugged by cast An improved system of ventilation will and Zonians travel metal plugs five and a half feet in diam- be required in the main culvert since the The two by dugout side openings to the cylindrical valves will canoe, powered by outboard motor, and be closed with both chambers in opera- carry their own food. Rice, pancake tion. The new ventilation system will flour, canned beef for stews, potatoes, /T^ consist of large blowers to force fresh air onions, and carrots are their staples. into the culvert through the inspection Their Indian hosts eat their concoctions shaft at one end and letting it escape with appreciation and provide eggs, through the access shaft at the other end. plantains, and fruit in return. They sleep in the Cuna cane-sided, one-story communal houses, where they Bids Are Advertised hang their jungle hammocks alongside the For Gatun, Diablo Houses simple handwoven hammocks of their hosts. This year's quarters construction Unlike the Cuna Indians of the San program has been inaugurated by the Bias, the Bayano people are camera-shy. advertisement of bids for 42 houses in Their women cannot be bribed by gifts or Diablo Heights and Gatun, all but three money into posing for pictures. Their of which will be Type 336 buildings. Two separate contracts are being antipathy to cameras seems less due to offered but bids for both will be opened superstition than to a highly developed October 27th. feeling for personal privacy. Nine new houses, to be offered in one contract, will be built this year at No Difficulties Gatun on the east side of Laurel Street Since they are careful to observe all and Halcon Place opposite those built Cuna proprieties, the two Zonians in the 1952 fiscal year program. Six of have THIS CROSS SECTION of the center wall of the these will be Type 336 and three will be encountered no difficulty on their trips locks shows how the present narrow opening to the single-family houses, Type 333. with the exception of some encounters cylindrical valve3 will be enlarged so that all parts of 336 is a two-story masonry Type with the aging chief at Iconti whose the valve can be removed for overhaul. At present building with two apartments each. attitude is often not the parts are removed from the side openings shown The apartments have three bedrooms cooperative. in the above sketch. located on the second floor while the Mr. Stevens and Mr. Doyle have now ground floor is devoted to living space. been accepted by the Indians; proof of eter. total of 300 will be needed at Gatun. This is a new type of quarters developed A this is the fact that they recently were With these in place, the inflow of water in the 1953 fiscal year program. Nine- teen of the new houses are being built given Cuna permission to make a trip back into the main culvert will be blocked. at Corozal this year. which, as far as they know, has not often This will permit the culvert to be emptied The Type 333 houses are three-bed- been done by Americans. This will be a valve buildings a folding for overhaul and the cylindrical room masonry with 300- to 350-mile jaunt up the Bayano partition dividing a large bedroom and parts to be removed for repair. The and across to the Cuna country on the making it adaptable for a two-bedroom accompanying charts show in detail how or three-bedroom house. Several houses Chucunaque River, returning to the this arrangement will be achieved. of this type were included in last year's Pacific coast at El Real. the emptying building program. This plan will not require In the meantime a handful of Cuna The AS Diablo Heights houses are to of the water from either of the adjacent Indians be located on sites made available by are learning how their Canal lock chambers although both sides of the the demolition of the 12-family apart- Zone neighbors live. And two Canal operation locks will have single-culvert ment buildings there. The construction Zone men are finding out as much as while the center wall culvert is empty. program there involves a considerable they can about the day-by-day life of Will Speed Handling realignment of streets, including the building of a long extension of Sibert the sturdy little men and women of the The ability to remove the cylindrical Street. Bayano River country. valves when both chambers are in use will have the additional effect of per- mitting double-culvert operation on a lock in use while the opposite chamber is New Housing Assignment Policy Outlined empty for overhaul. This will greatly policy, speed up the handling of ships in the locks Highlights of the new housing assignment which goes into effect October 15, are outlined briefly below: since a chamber can be filled about six Housing vacancies will be publicized each week on prominently minutes faster with double culvert opera- located bulletin boards. Quarters remaining unassigned after three tion, a savings of 18 minutes on each successive weeks will not be advertised further. transit through the three locks at Gatun. Employees interested in any of the listed vacancies in their work dis- tricts will file applications with the Housing Manager of that district, The accompanying chart shows how listing apartments in order of preference. double-culvert operation will be possible Assignments will be made weekly, for quarters advertised during under the new plan. It shows a cylindri- the week just closed, on the basis of service seniority and family size, full accept cal valve in a closed position on the side when applicable. Employees have two working days to an assignment. Quarters not accepted within the prescribed time will be of the locks is empty and in the which assigned to the next senior eligible employee, who has applied for the open position on the opposite side. specific quarters. It is planned to have the cast plugs An employee who receives an assignment to a vacancy in the current will ineligible for further to quarters listed manufactured in the Company's Indus- bulletin be assignment on that bulletin. An employee who accepts an assignment may not file an trial Division shops. total of 310 plugs A application for other vacancies until after he has occupied the quarters are to be manufactured of which 10 will assigned. An employee who accepts and then subsequently cancels his be available as spares. assignment, may not file a new application for two weeks from date Refitted Barge of cancellation. An employee who does not accept an assignment may file an appli- In addition to the manufacture of the cation for quarters listed in subsequent bulletins without time penalty. plugs, a special barge will be required for Applications for vacancies on previous bulletins will "be considered can- placing and removing the plugs. One of celed on acceptance of any assignment. the Canal barges now in use will be 5

14 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW October 2, 1953

ANNIVERSARIES PROMOTIONS AND TRANSFERS

Employees who observed important anni- August 15 through September 15 \ LTs.iries during the month of September are listed alpli.iliriir.ill> below. The number of Employees who were promoted or trans- School Teacher to Junior High School years includes all Government service, with ferred between August 15 and September 15 Teacher. Hi.il or other agencies. Those with are listed below. Regradings and within- Mary L. Stindt, from Elementary continuous service with the Canal are grade promotions are not listed. School Teacher to High School Teacher. indicated with (*). ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH COMMUNITY SERVICES BUREAU Mrs. Elizabeth F. 4J YEARS Glenn R. McNall, from Ferry Ramp Walsh, from Ac- Operator, Dredging Division, to File Clerk, counting Clerk to Governmental Account- N. Engelke, Assistant General *George Record Section. ant, Clubhouse Division. : lommissary Division. Mrs. Mildred L. Abreau, from Library Mrs. Elizabeth S. Coleman, from 35 YEARS Assistant, Library Section, to File Clerk, Clerk-Stenographer to Accounting Clerk, Record Branch. Clubhouse Division. Cunningham, General Fore- Frank L. Richard S. Brogie, from Policeman, CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU man, Electrical I >ivision. Police Division, to Supply Clerk, Housing Charles H. Fairbrother, Layerout Ma- Nolan H. Spencer, Max J. Karton, Division. chinist, Industrial Bureau. from Guard, Pacific Locks, to Postal Clerk. OFFICE OF COMPTROLLER Kelley, Chief, John F. Martin, from Clerk Typist, Thomas H. Administra- Mrs. Marion E. Troup, from Retire- Pacific Locks, to Postal Clerk. tive Section, Industrial Bureau. ment Clerk to Time, Leave, and Payroll Mrs. Ethel L. Garfield, Mrs. Martha John G. McCoy, Salary and Wage Clerk, Payroll Branch. B. White, Mrs. Mary Conklin, Mrs. Analyst, Personnel Bureau. Mrs. Anita H. McKeown, from Evelyn H. Taylor, from Substitute Teacher Ac- Kenneth F. Zipperer, Principal Review counting Clerk, Agents Accounts Branch, to to Kindergarten Assistant, Schools Division. File Clerk, Claims Branch. Clerk. Posts. Mary A. Siegel, Student Assistant, from Mrs. Theresa G. Wright, Clerk-Steno- 30 YEARS Gorgas Hospital to Library Section. grapher, from Correspondence Section to James D. Dunaway, Postal Clerk, William G. Hoelzle, from Policeman to Management Staff. Motorcycle Officer. Posts. John H. Walker, Accountant, from Mrs. Henrietta C. Cheek, Mrs. Geneva Andrew A. Whitlock, Plant Engineer, Internal Audit Staff to Cost Stockham, Mrs. Harriet K. Serger, Mrs. Accounts Industrial Bureau. Branch. Vera G. Irving, Mrs. Sarah E. Flowers, Mrs. Frances P. Walker, from Clerk- 25 YEARS Mrs. Vera C. Phillips, from Substitute Typist to Time, Leave, and Payroll Clerk, William B. Allen, Supply Requirements Teacher to Elementary School Teacher, Payroll Branch. Schools Division. Assistant, Storehouses. Albert R. Minor, from Accounting Mrs. Gladys S. Lee, Mrs. Alfhild *Owen J. Corrigan, Anglesmith, Heavy Clerk, Claims Branch, to Cash Accounting Maedl, from Substitute Teacher to High Fire, Industrial Bureau. Clerk, Treasury Branch. School Teacher, Schools Division. Herbert O. Engelke, Painter Leading- Nathan Fleckner, Accounting Clerk, Ethel V. Ferguson, from Elementary man, Special, Industrial Bureau. from Maintenance Division to Plant Ruth U. Rickarby, Clerk, Balboa Inventory and Appraisal Staff. Customs. Charles W. Balser, from Cash Ac- Katherine M. Swain, District Nurse, counting Clerk, Maintenance Division, to OCTOBER SAILINGS Accounting Clerk, Plant Inventory and I lealth Bureau. Appraisal Staff. 20 YEARS Mrs. Florence K. Redmond, Clerk- From Cristobal Earl F. Bienz, Lock Operator (Ma- Typist, from Division of Schools to Payroll chinist), Locks Division. Ancon October 2 Branch. Robert C. Carter, Lock Operator Panama October 9 Adrian R. Barber, from Clerk, Division Cristobal October 16 (Steam Engineer), Locks Division. of Storehouses, to Accounting Clerk, Plant Ancon] October 24 Leslie B. Clark, Dockmaster, Industrial Inventory and Appraisal Staff. Panama October 30 Bureau. Mrs. Anne W. Johnston, from Student Ernest L. Cotton, Lieutenant, Fire From New York Assistant, Comptroller's Office, to Typist, Cash Accounts Branch. I )iv ision. Cristobal October 6 ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION Harry C. Egolf, Assistant Housing A neon* October 1 BUREAU Manager, Cristobal. Panama October 20 *Sigurd E. Esser, Superintendent, Cristobal October 27 Felipe K. Ben, Jr., from Engineering Draftsman to Civil Engineer, Engineering Schools Division. tLeaves Cristobal Saturday. Arrives New York Friday. Division. Edward B. Frampton, Rigger, Indus- *Leaves New York Thursday because of holiday. Mrs. Judith A. Krogh, from Clerk- trial Bureau. (Northbound the ships are in Haiti from 7 a. m. to Stenographer to Clerk (typist), Electrical Vendrize E. Foster, Ferry Ramp Oper- noon Sunday; southbound the Haiti stop is Saturday Division. from 7 a. m. to 4 p. m.) ator, Dredging Division. James J. Morris, from Storekeeper, Dorothy M. Hall, Clerk-Stenographer, Pacific Locks, to Supervisor Storekeeper, Dredging Division. Dredging Division. *Bess M. Liter, High School Teacher, RETIREMENTS IN Alexander M. Parker, from Powerhouse Cristobal High School. Operator to Senior Powerhouse Operator, Russell C. Meissner, Control House Electrical Division. Operator, Locks Division. SEPTEMBER Slaughter H. Sharpensteen, from Henri E. Moehrke, Engineer, Steam, Ferry Ramp Operator to Pipeline Suction Dredge Foreman, Dredging Division. Floating Crane, Dredging Division. Retirement certificates were presented Rialto M. Christensen, from Engineer *Dorothy B. Moody, Junior College the end of September to the following to First Assistant Engineer, Pipeline Suction Instructor, Canal Zone Junior College. employees who are listed alphabetically, Dredge, Dredging Division. Boilermaker, Carl H. Starke, Heavy together with their birthplaces, titles, length Mrs. Jean P. Hummel, from Clerk- Anglesmith and Diver, Industrial Bureau. of service, and future addresses: Stenographer to Secretary, Office of Di- 15 YEARS Harry E. Bissell, New York; Construc- rector. Arley A. Hill, Ewald A. Wiberg, Jr., Carl J. Browne, Chief, Southern I >is- tion Engineer, Maintenance Division; 25 from Radio Mechanic to Electronics Me- trict, Maintenance Division. years, 9 months, 10 days; Hollywood, Calif. chanic, Electrical Division. *Harry A. Dockery, Storekeeper, (Ship- William Diez, New York; Lockmaster, Herbert H. Tabert, from Chief Operator ping), Commissary Division. Pacific Locks; 30 years, 6 months, 5 days; Fallbrook, to Master, Floating Crane, Dredging Marguerite Flynn, Time, Leave, and Calif. Charles F. Fromal, Virginia; Lock Division. Payroll Clerk, Payroll Branch. Manuel A. Smith, from Surveying and Operator Machinist Leader, Pacific Locks; Bruce W. Glaze, Investigator, Comp- Cartographic Engineer, Engineering Divi- 16 years, 10 months, 11 days; Newport troller's Office. sion, to Engineering Aid (Hydraulic), News, \"a. Mete- orological and Hydrographic Branch. Laurel L. Highley, Pipefitter, Industrial James McKeown, Panama; Assistant Mrs. H. Benny, from Clerk- Bureau. Foreman, Public Works, Maintenance Divi- Dorothy Stenographer, Fiscal Division, Clerk Volkert F. Jacobs, Pilot, Navigation sion; 35 years, 2 months, 24 days; Panama. to (typist) Engineering Division. I >iv ision. Mrs. Jessie K. Maurer, Michigan; Oswald E. Jorstad, High School Teach- Director of Nurses, Colon Hospital; 29 OFFICE OF GENERAL COUNSEL er, Cristobal High School. years, 4 months, 1 day; Canal Zone. David J. Markun, from Attorney to Norman McLaren, Lock Operator (Ma- Roger B. Morrow, Ohio; Architect, Assistant General Counsel. chinist), Locks Division. Engineering Division; 17 years, 5 months, MARINE BUREAU 23 days; Lindsley H. Noble, Comptroller, Columbus, Ohio. William H. Brown, from Railroad Lewis Ryan, Panama Canal Company. Rhode Island; Chief, Wheel Machinist, Railroad Division, to Madden Hydro-Generating Station; 34 Theodore W. Schmidt, Operator-Fore- Machinist, Pacific Locks. years, 10 months, 17 days; San Bernardino, Louis L. Seldon, Electrician, from Gor- man Electrician, Electrical Division. Calif. gas Hospital to Aids to Navigation Section. Douglas Shelton, Car Inspector, Rail- Merrill A. Stutzman, Pennsylvania; William J. McLaughlin, from Lock road I division. Land Inspector, Community Services Bu- Operator Leader Wireman, to Control James A. Yates, Chief, 1 . S. -Rate Em- reau; 31 years, 3 months, 2 days; St. House Operator, Atlantic Locks. ployment Branch, Personnel Bureau. Petersburg, Fla. Joseph J. Riley, from Lock Operator ;

October 2, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 15

Congressman Attends Employee cated system, reduce the vacancy periods Colonel Paxson told the group of plans Conference At Balboa Heights and give each employee the best possible for a cafeteria in the Balboa school group opportunity to obtain the house he wants, within the next two or three years. (Continued from page?) ships, must be commensurate with his length of service. Other matters raised included: Lami- extended to tariff passengers if this trade Penalty clauses were explained and nation into plastic cases of identification- is to be retained, he said. after some discussion the policy was purchase cards, at the employee's request, The cocktail parties given for tourists accepted by the conferees; it will go into for the next annual issue; a request that by Panama Line captains, objected to by effect October 15. a marquee be built on the Cristobal com- employees, will be held only when the Mr. Rice asked for a breakdown on the missary to protect shoppers from the rain ships are carrying primarily tourist pas- rent formula for Canal housing; he was a request for a guarantee on tires sold by sengers. The matter of "sscond sittings" interested in the amount spent on main- the Storehouses; and a request for grills at meals was again discussed; employee tenance, painting, etc., for quarters. This over culvert openings near the new Mar- representatives appeared to feel that the question opened up a round-table talk on garita school. system of staggered sittings was satisfac- quarters rental. Colonel Paxson said that Attending the conference were the tory but that dining room service was not. the rental formula had been given full Acting Governor; Representative Allen; This will be discussed further with Mr. and complete publicity at the time of the E. A. Doolan, Personnel Director; Mr. Pfizer of the New York office. rent hearings last fall and that he did not Donovan; Mr. Esser; Norman Johnson, Housing Assignments consider it advisable to reopen the sub- Employee and Labor Relations Officer; Henry L. Donovan, Community Serv- ject. It would not be practicable, he and for the Civic Councils: Elmer Powell ices Director, was called into the confer- cautioned, to give detailed figures for for the General Committee of Civic ence to explain details of the new housing each house. Councils; Marion Goodin, Gamboa; Carl assignment policy, which, he said, was School Questions Nix, Gatun; W. H. Esslinger, Pacific designed to do away with the old compli- In answer to a question on furniture (Ancon, Balboa, Diablo Heights); Mr. for the new Margarita School, Colonel Hammond from Pedro Miguel; and Mr. Machinist to Lock Operator Wireman Paxson said that the furniture had been Rice from Cristobal-Margarita. Leader, Atlantic Locks. shipped from the factory and would be John H. Ward, from Control House put in the school Supervisor to Electrical Supervisor, Gatun as soon as it arrived. Fire Prevention Is Year-Round Locks. Sigurd Esser, Superintendent of the Operator Program For Canal Zone Force Gust E. Rosene, from Lock Schools Division, explained that all furni- Machinist, Atlantic Locks, to Machinist, ture in use at the Fort Kobbe school is (Continued Industrial Division. from page 2) not accompanied Elmer J. Moolchan, from Apprentice furniture bought for that school; some on his rounds by the Superintendent but Welder to Electric Welder, Industrial older furniture is stored in excess space deals with the head of each section he Division. in the building. visits. He is especially interested in the Earl Cassell, from Electrical Supervisor He also explained that a cut in the elevator and machine housings, to Assistant Superintendent, Gatun Locks. and Leo F. Donohue, from Pilot-in-Training schools budget had curtailed some of the makes sure that no one may have dropped to Probationary Pilot. extra-curricular activities like athletics, an oily rag into them. Felixson, from Guard to Abraham and that all available trained teachers Drug storage rooms, janitors' closets, General Storekeeper, Pacific Locks. had to be transferred to the elementary and other storage spaces are also care- Jay L. Pittington, Wayne H. Robin- son, from Policemen, Police Division, to and secondary schools to carry the heavy fully checked, with an eye out for those Guard, Pacific Locks. student load. They have been replaced things which constitute fire hazards. Edward J. Friedrich, from Machinist by part-time locally-recruited qualified At the hospital, as at all other places Leadingman to Planner and Estimator, kindergarten teachers. he inspects, Olsen checks all fire Industrial Division. Mr. Vincent D. Ridge, from Shipwright to Other school problems discussed in- extinguishers to see that they are working Shipwright Leader, Industrial Division. cluded the overcrowded condition of some properly. He does not actually turn them Mullins, Jr., from Pumping George W. rooms at Pedro Miguel school, reported on, but knows a way to determine whether Plant Operator, Water and Laboratories by Mr. Hammond; the number of tuition they are in operating condition. Branch, to Lock Operator, Pacific Locks. Edward H. Womble, from Shipfitter, pupils; congestion at the Balboa Club- After he completes the Gorgas Hospital Industrial Bureau, to Lock Operator Ship- house cafeteria at the noon meal and inspection he has finished a day's work fitter, Pacific Locks. prices charged for milk at the cafeteria. and returns to the station, where he still Emile R. Carufel, from Construction In connection with Equipment Maintenance Mechanic, Main- the school cafeteria, has "paper work" to do on his reports. tenance Division, to Lock Operator (iron- worker-welder), Atlantic Locks. James L. Collins, Jr., Bernard J. BALBOA Policeman to Guard, McDonnell, from STARTS SATURDAY, OCTOBER 10th Atlantic Locks. PERSONNEL BUREAU Mrs. Marie M. Herblin, from Clerk (typist) to Personnel Clerk, Employment CRISTOBAL and Utilization Division. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 17th Heliana G. Filos, from Student Assist- ant to Clerk Typist, Wage and Classification Division. RAILROAD AND TERMINALS BUREAU LeRoy V. Nolan, Stuart M. Fisk, from Policeman to Gauger and Cribtender Fore- H man, Terminals Division. Starring Frederick J. Wainio, from Accounting f\ Clerk to Supervisory Freight Traffic Officer, TONY CURTIS Terminals Division. Cj

John H. Leach, from Traffic Clerk to as the fabulous Houdini . . . Supervisory Freight Traffic Officer, Termi- nals Division. SUPPLY AND SERVICE BUREAU II Mrs. Elenor D. Miller, from Clerk u Typist to Cash Accounting Clerk, Motor Transportation Division. Mrs. Anna E. Calvit, from Accounting Clerk to Supervisory Accounting Clerk, and D Motor Transportation Division. Reed R. Mcllvaine, from Supervisory JANET LEIGH Steward to Supervisory Clerk, Hotel Tivoli. Mrs. Marian A. Steiner, from Clerk, as the girl Electrical Division, to Clerk Typist, Divi- whose courage I sion of Storehouses. matched his! Helen E. Chisholm, from Accounting Clerk, Maintenance Division, to Super- visory Accounting Clerk, Motor Transporta- N1 ~ tion Division. Mrs. Gladys E. Samples, from Com- I missary Assistant to Cash Accounting Clerk, Commissary Division. Mrs. Mary H. Foster, from Property 1 and Supply Clerk to Cash Accounting COLOR BY TECHNICOLOR Clerk, Division of Storehouses. 16 THEiPANAMA CANAL REVIEW Odober2, 1953

—^5 W^C

1262 nil IVERS

TY

0854 OF m^^^ll

COMMUNITY CHEST funds help these people, and many more the [ISO's for servicemen away from home; the Summer Recreation Program and the Scouts, for the younger people of the Canal Zone; the Salvation Army, with its helping hand for people who need assistance. Then there are Corozal Hospital, with its occupational-therapy program, and the Civic Councils—Red Feather Agen- cies, too. All receive money from the Community Chest.

THIS YEAR'S DRIVE: Oct. 24 - Nov. 7 TARGET: $45,000