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Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 judged contributing an the Introduction million having exported colour 3.4 size, Maharashtra Konkan production. production under is Saudi 3.0 are 13.00 of properties harvested MPUAT, 'Professor Middle 1.50 export t/ha mango, pre t/ha Alphonso India weight, Studies Arabia, million Udaipur. after 1.52 on mango million cooled region in and in 241.54 The The thickness, be results grouped acidity, and average specific Export Key (201-250 tonnes East to the of quality 2002 at of 2004. is In it million Head, nearly utilized the ripening. is mango Words: physiological 74.20 quality maturity, Baharin, is raw 2.76 tonnes basis and India, of is ranking ha a and cultivation quality, pertaining g very specific countries (Anonymous, gravity weight Maharashtra. in Department the at g), largest variety with matured mm) Gulf 49.80 either pulp, ha The four lakh (Anon-2002). of raw stored of on fruits. Grade essential area Alphonso only mango and with Qutar, Raw firmness physical fourth gravity, of ripe and grades (1.01 a Countries. V. peel quality tonnes for to loss pulp: per total T. predominantly under Physical at -IV variety, like average an and mango of the average Alphonso export producer (14 is for Badhe and and Agril. Bangladesh in position 13°C cent firmness according « annual 155.38 mango, to fruits stage, production 2003). export 1.65 weight U.K., aspects In of Anna) and and 200g), stone 1.09), mango know of at Konkan, Engg. share which in mango thickness While in 1 mango harvest, productivity , respectively. At peel: productivity golden lakh is UAE, cold was export in mangoes production Pratap Physical and content and average Alphonso the judged to & stage, of the like cultivation 3Associate of weight recorded 48.06 present, exporting is and grown attractive storages of the ha or the physical fruits Properties mango country Kuwait, grade world's ripe shape, (69.54 mostly yellow in 11.40 and on Singh most area properties, with length they physical and design are viz. stage The ABSTRACT the of of in indicated is is is by Dean, and physiological golden stone: Grade basis volume 20 10.94 (95.97 2 , changes countries. and of weight chemical ripe properties average and of 280 the to It that Ratna reported stage Joshi Patil Naik ripe reported Agricultural 65.60 properties A.G CAET, was Alphonso 35.16 of Chemical yellow 1.04 -I grader Alphonso that per stage and Ratna and Gunjate the of size, and (1990) exported (1985) Patil (>300g), mm) Powar therefore and and it the Dr.BSKKV, cent of the g, was loss volume 403 fruit were colour occur of 94.62 specific 278.9 ripe weight, like components. fruit 215 characteristics at were respectively. Alphonso of Engineering average Roy (1996) mango on composition, reported reported raw in During weight, Alphonso at g, et 261.94 weight Grade found Alphonso mango stage. ripening. g, and mm), on weight in most necessary g (1985) 276.90 respectively. Dapoli harvest al through maturity, and of 315 gravity average ripening. the and weight fruits (1995), as Alphonso Y.C. II oue length, volume, average ripe mango as export, fruits g were (251-300 that mango 269.61 that This g 2Director palatable. Today The and Patil mangoes and only. and 273 stage, total Bhaft4 Grades were had were of information the ripe containers the The to concluqed determined. fruit with while Alphonso 260.40 Vol. fruits Naik breadth and 250 soluble (1999) determine g the at of 273.05 mango Gole fruit many average g), Patil fully-grown respectively. mango 282.4 in weight specific Research raw 31 of 221.51 Mango Grade-III average g Alphonso studying (1985) at recorded contains breadth, (1): mango, Padhey respectively. (1990) cc, (1986) solids, (77.73 and g have could were physiological g harvest, mango at The and that 20-24, in cc, respectively. fruit the to gravity & and raw ripe found Alphonso. 4Head, Alphonso weight recorded has physico­ various reported average physical Sindhu, weights mango. (1997) 2007 at and stage. at semi 1.02 also FMp, that ripe raw of at www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 weight Alphonso chart and determined the the volume. volume for four fruits Alphonso length characters and and stone specific I. Results Padhey measured physiological reported individual procedures Grade-I on determined. the for weight presented ripe respectively. mango (201-250 out 1.018 Materials mango. mangoes ripe norms. Physical ripe weight deciding the Alphonso physical cheeks dimensions size The The grades However, and 88.40 ripe developed by and as of ranges fruits dimensions by physical and (>300 The gravity The (1997) physical and physical that visual of g) 95.30 aspects which ripe fruits pulp, stage. at in by loss and water were were and were as were Alphonso properties by mm, post Table ripe efforts the For length, loss the vernier mango Discussion were properties information stage, of g), weight actually in mm at peel Grade-IV observation by Methods are was which reported 74.20 changes determined stage Alphonso displacement constituents properties pulp, determined fruits. The this respectively. in 175.59, ripe raw Grade-II in maturity Department 1. and graded prime different were and fruits weight breadth calculated caliper respectively. on were and and and study period could results peel counting 1.013. of breadth stone « electronic prerequisite the therefore of in has 64.30 Alphonso of at 47.11 reported (251-300 mango 200g», of in was and matched standards in different grades. different at be 32 and also ripe of by graded Patil Alphonso by average of to not mm method content of harvest, between from mm, matured later Gautam the to stone Horticulture. also daily four using thickness stage the and been so (1990) at The 48 and balance made noted. The the quantities g), grades respectively. raw, mango grades used weight with determined as in groups measuring study Alphonso weight Alphonso were in or length 36.53 mango semi standard colour Grade-III as available expert shoulder physical average fruit to raw at studied (2000) cc to export colour either 91.40 know were were semi in The also The and and and and find and ripe are for as of g, of of g, of in 21 attained to volume fruit trend volume the fruits fruit found Alphonso. Grade-III: Grade colour. chemical average and average at and g observed g observed observed 239.86. ripe ii. reduction mango per respect reduction ripe by in 343.53 case considered specific 111- iii. physical in < i. followed and 1.00, case group raw Grade lowest Fruit Volume 181.39 highest cent stage Specific stage recorded Grade The The The weight ripe of revealed as as Grade stage. 11- This fruit g, was the Alphonso of The further a weight properties weight Grade at Grade average of 273.05 11- as composition gravity weight specific in Alphonso data when to weight. Grade- of Grade by golden 195.37 If average in in and average IV- recorded fruit 269.61, the to reduction Grade 259.86 reduced Grade the mango be ripe reduced The Grade IV- in gravity moisture average be that 161.66 revealed the for Grade 11 group 1- IV- are 231.92. reduced specific g, 157.23 Alphonso 11- of highest 309.55, yellow mango. th volume of ranged The and : I gravity I semi Grade fruits highest weight g. Grade varied 173.96 fruit physiologically (>300 and 11- 251.93 IV. mango. day 177.15 by in most Similar in gradually 329.97, of Grade g IV-138.06 241.54 mean semi Grade-IV:153.04 volume 15.40 content volume The finally weight attained ripe in gravity g. It the colour after average to that III Grade- The of 111- g) according of for appropriate from was the average cc. The mango g, - ripe fruit. fully the results mango g 364.94 1- 220.17 the The weight 224.30 mean per g, harvest various results it The Grade Grade-II: order the 361.25 was in with observed from of attributed mean of reduced Alphonso stage Grade and the 1.00 cc. fruit II cent Grade ripe fruit corresponding the immature. have the 221.51, corresponding dimension were volume good golden cc was g observed The observed weight from g to semi in changes of 111-202.31 fruits weight from followed cc when with weight to and stage maturity and grades Alphonso 111- the semi Alphonso 1- recorded cc. obtained by Grade followed average 239.95, that towards 1.04 aroma. highest mango 330.34 198.56 ripe similar lowest lowest Grade yellow raw of grade found 10.70 fruits was was was The The and ripe the the as by of to to in in in is in 1­ g www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

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Table.1 Physical properties of Alphonso mango.

Grade Weight range, Days after Average Average Average Average Average Average PLW PLW %at the end of harvest fruit volume specific length, breadth, thickness, shelf Iife(20th day) weight, gravity Percentag Weight e g g cc Sp.gr mm mm mm (%) g (%) I Raw Alphonso Mango G-i >300 1 364.94 361.25 1.01 103.37 86.7 77.7 G-II 251-300 1 273.05 269.61 1.01 95.97 77.73 69.54 G-III 201-250 1 224.3 220.17 1.02 91.04 72.11 64.93 G-IV <200 1 177.15 173.96 1.02 79.63 67.8 61.22 Mean 1 259.86 256.25 1.02 92.50 76.09 68.35 SOt 80.25 80.16 0.01 9.97 8.16 7.10 II. Semi Ripe Alphonso Mango G-I >300 7 343.53 329.97 1.042 102.91 83.54 75.66 5.87 G-II 251-300 7 251.93 239.95 1.05 95.68 75.93 66.41 7.73 G-III 201-250 7 202.31 195.57 1.057 89.79 70 61.85 9.8 I\.) G-IV <200 7 161.66 153.04 1.06 78.48 63.9 58.08 8.74 I\.) Mean 7 239.86 229.63 1.05 91.72 73.34 65.50 8.04 SOt 78.35 75.72 0.01 10.33 8.39 7.58 1.67

Percent reduction/increse from raw to -7.70 -10.39 2.94 -0.84 -3.61 -3.80 -7.70 semiripe stage

III. Ripe Alphonso Mango G-I >300 11 330.34 309.55 1.072 102.63 82.57 73.57 9.48 320.34 12.22 G-II 251-300 11 241.54 221.51 1.092 94.62 74.2 65.6 11.54 232.28 14.93 G-1I1 201-250 11 198.56 181.39 1.097 88.74 68.73 60.23 11.48 189.58 15.48 G-IV <200 11 157.23 138.06 1.143 78.07 63.1 54.71 11.24 148.68 16.07 Mean 11 231.92 212.63 1.10 91.02 72.15 63.53 10.94 222.72 14.68 SOt 74.10 73.05 0.03 10.34 8.29 8.04 0.98 73.49 1.70

Percent reduction/increse from raw to -10.75 -17.02 7.84 -1.6 -5.17 -7.05 -10.75 -14.29 -14.29 ripe stage www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 gravity was was was mango mean indicated (Grade-IV) day the to following recorded reasonably in ripe and dimensions 68.73 dimensions The thickness III followed Grade-III Grade-III 63.10 as data and dimensions stage specific stage breadth, iv. length, mm) be lowest by be by (1.072). in 1.10. Reduction II it (94.62, Grade-I (1.057), attains the 102.63, 7.06 91.72, attributed 1.99, 92.50, fruits of thickness Alphonso determined The mean 61.22 observed observed were Average, indicated from on and In specific fruit. harvest. and specific as breadth fruits gravity per The by and 4.22 general, (1.097), the data (91.04, 11 when in that 74.20 of (1.042) 73.34 Grade-II found 54.71 golden 82.52 length, in 76.09 1.02 mm day and Grade-II th 60.23 were matured. cent Grade-IV were were Alphonso similar dimensions to mean thickness (t) at day and the gravity on mango to of The length, that they 1st in at gravity 1.01 the and and (Grade-III), and revealed and mm) from 72.11 found and raw Grade-II Alphonso in be and group. reduced breadth average fruits after mm), Grade-IV the raw yellow recorded 6.10 (1.05) to Grade-I specific maximum trend reduction average (95.97, attained 65.60 the thickness 1.05. 65.50 (Grade-II), The 73.57 was day stage for (1.060), raw 68.35. slightly mango results and matured (103.37, harvest was breadth in per from maximum The respectively and that mango attributed (1.092), 11th and specific Grade and colour observed to at The mm), mango length 64.93 mm, (>300g 77.73 mm cent gravity showed observed 1.01 mean in (1.143) ripe golden the lowest length, the all The in specific increased fruits finally followed thickness after indicated were followed specific Grade-IV stage. in weighed 86.70 respectively. and moisture the maximum respectively. IV Grade-III from stage. semi mm) respectively and with (Grade-I), fruits (I), gravity corresponding Grade-I specific specific to ) as was harvest, were was as yellow they for groups breadth the observed followed thickness reduction and breadth 69.54 gravity 79.63,67.8 raw and and in The firm ripe by 1.02. increased raw gravity This observed by observed found after that < specific reduced reduced Grade-I of content (78.07, Grade­ (88.74, length, lowest gravity gravity to at lowest 200 Grade 77.70, colour mean stage stage when mm), skin. were semi 1.02 This may was The The and and ripe ripe the 7th (b) as by of to g. in 23 followed The v. further followed fruits was weight moisture reduced in chemical and all observed observed stage The the weight per physiological lowest recorded reduction life. reduction Grade-I 64.50 and self-life. g. grades i. lowest peel Grade corresponding IV. ii. (38.93 (21.10),Grade I (68.71g) chemical the However, The Physiological highest Peel Pulp cent), Grade-III at There The At II. Each observed and mean mean attained on grades loss per recovery post g) was ratio Relationship continued semi of mean IV (211.45 till content by highest by weight composition stone to weight to Loss the and in grade respectively. followed as Alphonso cent in was composition. pulp the (28.40 Grade ripe recorded Grade be ranged be the physiological physiological weight was loss (127.05 from moisture ripe 11 8.04 golden lowest pu:p 1I(20.1),Grade in end 10.94 weight recorded highest of in percentage th and g) recovery from stage peel overall of to to Grade in 100.32 (up weight loss stage 2nd followed day III Alphonso gradual IV weight by of per between fruit was g) weight fruit between average weight raw g) mango peel (11.48) per in yellow of to (8.74), self-life also. at Grade day after The in at The in respectively. pulp content cent Grade the in to continued I 20th was g ripe the weight cent. weight Grade weight occurs (9.48 weight observed Grade the was ripe by of was onwards dimensions The loss loss minimum fruits. of colour harvest recovery 1: and mango were loss Grade decrease stage: obtained .Subsequently, fruit II pulp III Alphonso day) Grade-II Loss stage II peel obtained 0.64 ripe recorded (48.06), (19.7),andGrade maximum per and III ratio (11.54 was Grade I in in ratio weight mainly (5.87 in to weight with for till (9.8 in Whereas, to till was to revealed cent) II weight weight when and stage. weight changes the from weight recorded weight from the (7.73) 0.66. end ripe (155.38 are be mango firm per in per per IV Grade changes in Grade-I to in tune due Grade­ to tripe at 148.55 end further loss all all (11.24 Grade of cent). group stage cent) cent) pulp, skin. was was was The loss fruit was and that self the the the the the to of g) of in in III in in www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 Anil Anonymous.2004. Anonymous. weight, egtobserved weight Anonymous. increasing Gautam Statistics, Anonymous.2002. (14.74), cent), 34.02 References respectively. Grade Grade correspondingly the that weight iii. IV (18.4 fruit Stone Swarup The APEDA agriculture, 26,.2004. Agriculture, Agri. state (Mangifera Horticulture, Maharashtra, Mahar3shtra, Maharashtra in Hquz Economics National Prepared g. the respectively. III observed I bigger Grade the in The (45.02 J.N.2000. (31.0 per maximum Export at Khas export each weight peel Planning and 2003b. in Rajbhavan, meeting cent) results The was g) by III Horticulture Export 2005. with g) grade. Enclave, and govt. indica as Govt. and Zone Upendra April-June, (15.74) on of Cebeco as corresponding Project the Mumbai. weight to followed at stone The 46.03 Variability A Indian 2004-2005, the indicated horticultural raising lowest Grade ripe fruit of. Promotion: size of report for with Dept., L.) Economic reduction mean Mumbai and New Maharashtra, India weight g. report Mango India K. stage. Horticulture of for weight agril. in of by The 2003 Board, H. Grade I Vats. stones. that of Delhi Grade studies growth, (13.84), Publication. stone E. Grade Government Pvt. fruits for was production products. on results department The in Directorate per in Strategy : higher ratio 2003. Governor 35-37. - Maharashtra. IV setting February the Ltd. IV Survey Ministry weight recorded 110 cent mean ( II Database, flowering, in presented (24.90 Grade weight reduced indicated 16.21per (35.16), the K-12 Role 016. mango for Indian stone in up peel was fruit 25­ the g) A, of of of of of of of of of in II 24 Joshi PatiI.M.N.1996. Paddy, Naik PatiI.M.D.1999. PatH, Gunjate Gole, composition changes and storage Thesis. Thesis. Thesis. (Mangifera (4): development indica (Mangifera Ratna, Ratnagiri. Ratnagiri. Konkan Konkan Dist-Ratnagiri, L.) Kesar mango harvest method Govekar.1995. "Sindhu". Dist-Ratnagiri. Dist L.) Kesar, yield Dist-Ratnagiri, (Agri). some mango Krishi S.R.1985. S.A.1990. R.S.1986. G.D. P.B.1997. Cv. fruits -Ratnag 26-31. palatability and R.T., fruits Vidyapeeth, and Pairi aspects L.) Alphonso Thesis. (Mangifera of handling (Mangifera Konkan Konkan Konkan Kesar, Cv. quality. Krishi Krishi and Indian harvesting in Cvs. S.K.Roy.1985. for indica Studies and Evaluation iri. indica Studies M.M.Buronddhkar Phenological Studies Studies Alphonso. Alphonso Physico-chemical and processing. M.S. M.S. Amrapali. land of Alphonso, of Konkan Vidyapeeth, Vidyapeeth, A Hort. and fruits. Ph.D. of Krishi Krishi Krishi L.) post mango seedless Dapoli, indica L.) on mango on processing indica on Amrapali. storage. Cvs. on on 40(2): fruit (Agri.) fruits of Indian some chemical Vidyapeeth, Vidyapeeth, Vidyapeeth, harvest and M.Sc. Krishi M.Sc. Physico-chemical Physico-chemical L.) Mango (Mangifera Dist-Ratnagiri. Effect Alphonso, studies (Mangifera Ratna, development L.) AM.Sc.(AgrL). 4-5. aspects during Cvs. Thesis. Ratna mango Fd. Dapoli, Dapoli, (Agri) (Agri) fruits. M.Sc.(Agri) composition, M.Sc. Vidyapeeth, composition handling of n M.A. and (Mangifera of Packer. Alphonso, Pairi in existing growth, Konkan mango mango Dapoli, Thesis. Dapoli, Thesis. Dapoli, of Ratna, hybrid M.Sc. indica indica some (Agri) Dist­ Dist­ post and and 39 of