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Protestants in China
Background Paper Protestants in China Issue date: 21 March 2013 (update) Review date: 21 September 2013 CONTENTS 1. Overview ................................................................................................................................... 2 2. History ....................................................................................................................................... 2 3. Number of Adherents ................................................................................................................ 3 4. Official Government Policy on Religion .................................................................................. 4 5. Three Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM) and the China Christian Council (CCC) ................... 5 6. Registered Churches .................................................................................................................. 6 7. Unregistered Churches/ Unregistered Protestant Groups .......................................................... 7 8. House Churches ......................................................................................................................... 8 9. Protestant Denominations in China ........................................................................................... 9 10. Protestant Beliefs and Practices ............................................................................................ 10 11. Cults, sects and heterodox Protestant groups ........................................................................ 14 -
Christian Women and the Making of a Modern Chinese Family: an Exploration of Nü Duo 女鐸, 1912–1951
Christian Women and the Making of a Modern Chinese Family: an Exploration of Nü duo 女鐸, 1912–1951 Zhou Yun A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University February 2019 © Copyright by Zhou Yun 2019 All Rights Reserved Except where otherwise acknowledged, this thesis is my own original work. Acknowledgements I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Benjamin Penny for his valuable suggestions and constant patience throughout my five years at The Australian National University (ANU). His invitation to study for a Doctorate at Australian Centre on China in the World (CIW) not only made this project possible but also kindled my academic pursuit of the history of Christianity. Coming from a research background of contemporary Christian movements among diaspora Chinese, I realise that an appreciation of the present cannot be fully achieved without a thorough study of the past. I was very grateful to be given the opportunity to research the Republican era and in particular the development of Christianity among Chinese women. I wish to thank my two co-advisers—Dr. Wei Shuge and Dr. Zhu Yujie—for their time and guidance. Shuge’s advice has been especially helpful in the development of my thesis. Her honest critiques and insightful suggestions demonstrated how to conduct conscientious scholarship. I would also like to extend my thanks to friends and colleagues who helped me with my research in various ways. Special thanks to Dr. Caroline Stevenson for her great proof reading skills and Dr. Paul Farrelly for his time in checking the revised parts of my thesis. -
This Is a Complete Transcript of the Oral History Interview with Mary Goforth Moynan (CN 189, T3) for the Billy Graham Center Archives
This is a complete transcript of the oral history interview with Mary Goforth Moynan (CN 189, T3) for the Billy Graham Center Archives. No spoken words which were recorded are omitted. In a very few cases, the transcribers could not understand what was said, in which case [unclear] was inserted. Also, grunts and verbal hesitations such as “ah” or “um” are usually omitted. Readers of this transcript should remember that this is a transcript of spoken English, which follows a different rhythm and even rule than written English. Three dots indicate an interruption or break in the train of thought within the sentence of the speaker. Four dots indicate what the transcriber believes to be the end of an incomplete sentence. ( ) Word in parentheses are asides made by the speaker. [ ] Words in brackets are comments made by the transcriber. This transcript was created by Kate Baisley, Janyce H. Nasgowitz, and Paul Ericksen and was completed in April 2000. Please note: This oral history interview expresses the personal memories and opinions of the interviewee and does not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Billy Graham Center Archives or Wheaton College. © 2017. The Billy Graham Center Archives. All rights reserved. This transcript may be reused with the following publication credit: Used by permission of the Billy Graham Center Archives, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL. BGC Archives CN 189, T3 Transcript - Page 2 Collection 189, T3. Oral history interview with Mary Goforth Moynan by Robert Van Gorder (and for a later portion of the recording by an unidentified woman, perhaps Van Gorder=s wife), recorded between March and June 1980. -
2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
Religion in China BKGA 85 Religion Inchina and Bernhard Scheid Edited by Max Deeg Major Concepts and Minority Positions MAX DEEG, BERNHARD SCHEID (EDS.)
Religions of foreign origin have shaped Chinese cultural history much stronger than generally assumed and continue to have impact on Chinese society in varying regional degrees. The essays collected in the present volume put a special emphasis on these “foreign” and less familiar aspects of Chinese religion. Apart from an introductory article on Daoism (the BKGA 85 BKGA Religion in China prototypical autochthonous religion of China), the volume reflects China’s encounter with religions of the so-called Western Regions, starting from the adoption of Indian Buddhism to early settlements of religious minorities from the Near East (Islam, Christianity, and Judaism) and the early modern debates between Confucians and Christian missionaries. Contemporary Major Concepts and religious minorities, their specific social problems, and their regional diversities are discussed in the cases of Abrahamitic traditions in China. The volume therefore contributes to our understanding of most recent and Minority Positions potentially violent religio-political phenomena such as, for instance, Islamist movements in the People’s Republic of China. Religion in China Religion ∙ Max DEEG is Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Cardiff. His research interests include in particular Buddhist narratives and their roles for the construction of identity in premodern Buddhist communities. Bernhard SCHEID is a senior research fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. His research focuses on the history of Japanese religions and the interaction of Buddhism with local religions, in particular with Japanese Shintō. Max Deeg, Bernhard Scheid (eds.) Deeg, Max Bernhard ISBN 978-3-7001-7759-3 Edited by Max Deeg and Bernhard Scheid Printed and bound in the EU SBph 862 MAX DEEG, BERNHARD SCHEID (EDS.) RELIGION IN CHINA: MAJOR CONCEPTS AND MINORITY POSITIONS ÖSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE SITZUNGSBERICHTE, 862. -
PIECE 14. the CHRISTIANIZATION of CHINA. a Brief Intro!
PIECE 14. THE CHRISTIANIZATION OF CHINA. (Includes A few Dumb Europeans and the Smart Chinese.) A brief intro! Christianity in Chinese history Famous Christians in Chinese History. How many Christians in China? “A few Dumb Europeans and the Smart Chinese.” The future situation: Quo Vadis? What it all means for China? A brief intro! A study on China, however small like this book, would be incomplete without this subject. Some of you may be wondering why this chapter is in here at all, and the reasons for this is that some answers can be found towards the end of this very same chapter! So I do encourage you to hold on and stick this one out until the end and what it all means for China, thanks! This chapter may be more detailed than I originally anticipated. Through researching it and realizing the quasi- importance of this to China right now, it became, well,… longer! * From ancient times, believe it or not, faith in the Bible God and later Christianity has been alive and well in China. This may be a surprise to you, as it was to me. However, this has been researched very well in several books, and one particularly sound-bytey (or is that sound-bitey?) and fascinating book is called ‘Jesus in Beijing’ by David Aikman. Before you switch off and think this is a religious section of this book and load of ____ do bear with me as you may learn something very amazing before this chapter is finished. After all, don’t you pride yourself on being open-minded? Can you truly call yourself open minded if you already switch off? Not really. -
Timeline of Great Missionaries
Timeline of Great Missionaries (and a few other well-known historical and church figures and events) Prepared by Doug Nichols, Action International Ministries August 12, 2008 Dates Name Ministry/Place of Ministry 70-155/160 Polycarp Bishop of Smyrna 354-430 Aurelius Augustine Bishop of Hippo (Africa) 1235-1315 Raymon Lull Scholar and missionary (North Africa) 1320-1384 John Wyclif Morning Star of Reformation 1373-1475 John Hus Reformer 1483-1546 Martin Luther Reformation (Germany) 1494-1536 William Tyndale Bible Translator (England) 1509-1564 John Calvin Theologian/Reformation 1513-1573 John Knox Scottish Reformer 1517 Ninety-Five Theses (nailed) Martin Luther 1605-1690 John Eliot To North American Indians 1615-1691 Richard Baxter Puritan Pastor (England) 1628-1688 John Bunyan Pilgrim’s Progress (England) 1662-1714 Matthew Henry Pastor and Bible Commentator (England) 1700-1769 Nicholaus Ludwig Zinzendorf Moravian Church Founder 1703-1758 Jonathan Edwards Theologian (America) 1703-1791 John Wesley Methodist Founder (England) 1714-1770 George Whitefield Preacher of Great Awakening 1718-1747 David Brainerd To North American Indians 1725-1760 The Great Awakening 1759-1833 William Wilberforce Abolition (England) 1761-1834 William Carey Pioneer Missionary to India 1766-1838 Christmas Evans Wales 1768-1837 Joshua Marshman Bible Translation, founded boarding schools (India) 1769-1823 William Ward Leader of the British Baptist mission (India) 1773-1828 Rev. George Liele Jamaica – One of first American (African American) missionaries 1780-1845 -
Members of the Friends of the Church in China Are Christians In
Members of the Friends of the Church in China are Christians in Britain and Ireland who seek to promote contact, partnership and mutual understanding with Christians in China. ………………………………………………………………………………. Annual Report for 1st September 2019 to 31st August 2020 Registered as a charity in England and Wales Charity number: 1004221 Registered charity address: Flat 8 Elgar House Boyton Close London N8 7BD Email: [email protected] Website: www.thefcc.org Trustees Antony Rose The Revd Rachel Hextall The Revd Lawrence Braschi Ian Blaney (General Secretary) Angela Evans (Vice-Chair) The Venerable Godfrey Stone (Chair) Rosie Carter William (Bill) Birmingham Dot Stone (Membership Secretary) James (Jim) Gibson (Treasurer) Banking details: Co-operative Bank, PO Box 250, Delf house, Skelmersdale, WN8 6WT Sort code 08-92-99; Account no 65265110. External Examiner: Margaret A Logan, 6 Shillingworth Place, Bridge of Weir, Renfrewshire, PA11 3DY. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… The ‘Friends of the Church in China’ – Annual Report 2020 2020 – a year in overview 2020 has been a year of new things for FCC – not by our own designing, but graciously emerging through changed circumstances. The Annual Meeting in November was symptomatic of this – it was held on line, was attended by 50 members and supporters, and allowed a dozen or so people to make valuable contributions alongside the formal business. This built on a pattern previously developed at a committee meeting, and a subsequent members’ meeting in the summer, at which Chinese friends (coming from Shanghai, Wuhan and Hong Kong) were able to join the virtual conversations of British-based members. The year began with a financial gift going from FCC to a joint fund set up by the China Christian Council (CCC) and the Amity Foundation in response to the Covid epidemic. -
China Study Journal
CHINA STUDY JOURNAL CHINA DESK Churches Together in Britain and Ireland churches. ìogether IN BRITAIN ANO IREIAND® China Study Journal Spring/Summer 2011 Editorial Address: China Desk, Churches Together in Britain and Ireland, 39 Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1BX Email: [email protected] ISSN 0956-4314 Cover: Nial Smith Design, from: Shen Zhou (1427-1509), Poet on a Mountain Top, Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Album leaf mounted as a hand scroll, ink and water colour on paper, silk mount, image 15 Vi x 23 % inches (38.74 x 60.33cm). © The Nelson-Arkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri. Purchase: Nelson Trust, 46-51/2. Photograph by Robert Newcombe. Layout by raspberryhmac - www.raspberryhmac.co.uk Contents Section I Articles 5 CASS work group Report on an in-house survey of Chinese 7 Christianity Caroline Fielder Meeting social need through charity: religious 27 contributions in China A new exploration of religious participation in 53 social services - a project research report on the Liaoning Province Catholic Social Service Center Gao Shining & He Guanghu The Central Problem of Christianity in Today's 71 China and some Proposed Solutions Section II Documentation 89 Managing Editor: Lawrence Braschi Translators: Caroline Fielder, Lawrence Braschi Abbreviations ANS : Amity News Service (HK) CASS : Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Beijing) CCBC : Chinese Catholic Bishops' Conference CCC : China Christian Council CCPA : Chinese Catholic Patriodc Association CM : China Muslim (Journal) CPPCC : Chinese People's Consultative Conference FY : Fa Yin (Journal of the Chinese Buddhist Assoc.) SCMP : South China Morning Post(HK) SE : Sunday Examiner (HK) TF : Tian Feng (Journal of the China Christian Council) TSPM : Three-Self Patriotic Movement UCAN : Union of Catholic Asian News ZENIT : Catholic News Agency ZGDJ : China Taoism (Journal) ZGTZJ : Catholic Church in China (Journal of Chinese Catholic Church) Note: the term lianghui is used in this journal to refer to the joint committees of the TSPM and CCC. -
Jesus in Beijing: How Christianity Is Transforming China and Changing the Global Balance of Power Pdf, Epub, Ebook
JESUS IN BEIJING: HOW CHRISTIANITY IS TRANSFORMING CHINA AND CHANGING THE GLOBAL BALANCE OF POWER PDF, EPUB, EBOOK David Aikman | 418 pages | 07 Dec 2006 | Regnery Publishing Inc | 9781596980259 | English | Washington DC, United States Jesus in Beijing: How Christianity is Transforming China and Changing the Global Balance of Power PDF Book Apr 12, Johns rated it it was amazing. Encouraging book hindered by a terrible audiobook performance. Basically, Jesus in Beijing is an overview of Christianity in Japan, and a quick biography of the main movers and shakes. This book is not a Christian publication, and that helps its authenticity and wide appeal. Community Reviews. Quick Links Amazon. Aikman is frequently invited to deliver expert testimony at Congressional hearings and is a popular speaker at conferences, seminars, panels and to academic, church and professional groups at events all over the world. Aikman, former Beijing bureau chief for Time, starts his impressive analysis of the state of Christianity in China with a solid review of its early history, from the Nestorians and Jesuits to the Taiping and Boxer Rebellions. If this religious transformation occurs, China would be one of the largest Christian nations in the world. I look forward to learning much more up close and personal in the coming years. The narrator is not great and it makes the patchwork biographies all the more disjointed. I definitely wished I checked this book out before I went. Details if other :. Customer Service. This review was first posted at Inside the mind of a Bibliophile The perspective of Chinese Christians was what I went to the book looking to find, and it is there to discover, in part. -
The University of Chicago “The Spiritual Human Is
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO “THE SPIRITUAL HUMAN IS DISCERNED BY NO ONE”: AN INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY OF WATCHMAN NEE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVINITY SCHOOL IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY PAUL H B CHANG CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JUNE 2017 For Laura 我妹子, 我親婦, 你奪了我的心 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter 1, Republican China 18 Chapter 2, Fuzhou: Church and Conflict 74 Chapter 3, The Spiritual Human 127 Chapter 4, The Nanjing Decade 169 Conclusion 223 Bibliography 250 Appendix 259 iii Introduction A network of congregations quietly rings the globe, comprised of Christians meeting in homes and unassuming buildings, which usually bear little resemblance to traditional “churches.” A few outward characteristics are obvious. The local gatherings are of varying sizes, from two or three to two or three thousand. Frequently the members share meals together, often before or after services which can be boisterous and participatory. Generally, no pastor, priest, or designated religious officiant presides. As the Spirit leads, different members stand to call hymns, declare verses from the Bible, give personal testimonies, or shout praises to God. But, for all their openness about their beliefs and their tireless attempts at outreach, it can be hard for outsiders to understand who these Christians are. Why do they not join existing Christian denominations? What is the basis for their identity and the institutions they create? When asked, congregants readily and happily acknowledge their fellowship and unity with other likeminded groups from around the world, but they may seem canny and evasive when asked for the name of their local church or the name of the church network as a whole. -
A Study of Bishop Ting Kuanghsün's Theological Reconstruction in China
A Study of Bishop Ting Kuanghsün’s Theological Reconstruction in China A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities. 2012 An Chu Tee School of Arts, Histories and Cultures Contents List of Abbreviations 4 Abstract 6 Declaration 7 Copyright Statement 8 A Note on Romanization of Chinese Words and Places 9 Introduction 10 1 The last Anglican bishop in post-denominational China: K.H. Ting and the development of Three-Self theology 10 2 Promoting a theology with ‘Chinese characteristics’ 22 3 Ting’s theology in a Three-Self framework 30 4 Outline of the dissertation 37 Chapter One : Three-Self idea in Pre-1949 Chinese Theology 45 1 The original Three-Self idea 40 2 Early Three-Self efforts 49 3 Early independent churches 54 4 Towards an indigenous theology in pre-1949 China 64 Chapter Two: Three-Self idea in post-1949 Chinese theology 73 1 Three-Self as the slogan of patriotism 71 2 The establishment of Three-Self Patriotic Movement 77 3 Christians in the Cultural Revolution Era 94 Chapter Three: Retrospect and prospect of Three-Self Movement 101 1 The changing of the political climate 98 2 Defense of the necessity of Three-Self Movement in the 1950s 107_Toc166903682 Chapter Four: Towards a Chinese Theological Reconstructions 119 1 A synthetic model 115 2 An anthropological model 117 3 A praxis model 122 2 Chapter Five: Remarks of Ting’s Theological Reconstruction 145 1 Broaden the Three-Self theological range 140 2 Seeking the common ground 147 3 Hermeneutic tasks 153 Conclusion 169 Glossary of Chinese Terms 173 Glossary of Chinese Names Mentioned in the Text 17 6 Bibliography 179 Appendix 204 Inspirations from Liberation Theology, Process Theology and Teilhard de Chardin – K.H.