Bonobo Seed Dispersal Service in Congo Forests
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Canarium Schweinfurthii)
International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science (IJARCS) Volume 2, Issue 11, November 2015, PP 34- 36 ISSN 2349-039X (Print) & ISSN 2349-0403 (Online) www.arcjournals.org Characterization of African Elemi (Canarium Schweinfurthii) Maduelosi N.J and Angaye S.S Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu Oroworukwo, P M B 5080, Port Harcourt [email protected] Abstract: The physicochemical and proximate compositions of African Elemi were investigated by analyzing the moisture, crude protein, crude fat, ash content, crude fibre and total carbohydrates in the seed and pulp. The association of official analytical chemists (AOAC, 1990) methods were used. Values obtained for the physicochemical and proximate analysis of whole seeds and pulps were; seed length( 4.5cm and 6.0cm), thickness (4.0cm and 6.0cm),shape (oblong),free fatty acid content (3.52% and 3.28%), miv (1.72% and 1.70%),melting point (32oC and 30oC),moisture (25.62% and 26.09%), dry matter, ash (3.14% and 3.31), crude fat (30.06% and 30.56%), crude fibre (0.76% and 0.78%), carbohydrate (20.03% and 20.05% ), protein (19.28% and 19.31%). The results suggest that the whole seeds and pulp of African elemi (Canarium schweinfurthii ), can serve as a good source of essential nutrients for humans and livestock. KeyWords: African Elemi, Canarium schweinfurthii, pulp, seeds, proximate and physiochemical parameters. 1. INTRODUCTION The exploitation of several underutilized wild fruits and oilseeds as sources of vegetable protein, fats and vitamin C to augment supplies from the inadequate animal sources has been reported by several authors (Olaofe 1994, Ikhuoria and Maliki 2007, Dike 2010, Igidi and Edene 2014). -
Comments on the Ornithology of Nigeria, Including Amendments to the National List
Robert J. Dowsett 154 Bull. B.O.C. 2015 135(2) Comments on the ornithology of Nigeria, including amendments to the national list by Robert J. Dowsett Received 16 December 2014 Summary.—This paper reviews the distribution of birds in Nigeria that were not treated in detail in the most recent national avifauna (Elgood et al. 1994). It clarifies certain range limits, and recommends the addition to the Nigerian list of four species (African Piculet Verreauxia africana, White-tailed Lark Mirafra albicauda, Western Black-headed Batis Batis erlangeri and Velvet-mantled Drongo Dicrurus modestus) and the deletion (in the absence of satisfactory documentation) of six others (Olive Ibis Bostrychia olivacea, Lesser Short-toed Lark Calandrella rufescens, Richard’s Pipit Anthus richardi, Little Grey Flycatcher Muscicapa epulata, Ussher’s Flycatcher M. ussheri and Rufous-winged Illadopsis Illadopsis rufescens). Recent research in West Africa has demonstrated the need to clarify the distributions of several bird species in Nigeria. I have re-examined much of the literature relating to the country, analysed the (largely unpublished) collection made by Boyd Alexander there in 1904–05 (in the Natural History Museum, Tring; NHMUK), and have reviewed the data available in the light of our own field work in Ghana (Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett 2014), Togo (Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett 2011a) and neighbouring Benin (Dowsett & Dowsett- Lemaire 2011, Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett 2009, 2010, 2011b). The northern or southern localities of species with limited ranges in Nigeria were not always detailed by Elgood et al. (1994), although such information is essential for understanding distribution patterns and future changes. For many Guineo-Congolian forest species their northern limit in West Africa lies on the escarpment of the Jos Plateau, especially Nindam Forest Reserve, Kagoro. -
An Annotated Checklist of the Angiospermic Flora of Rajkandi Reserve Forest of Moulvibazar, Bangladesh
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(2): 187-207, 2018 (December) © 2018 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE ANGIOSPERMIC FLORA OF RAJKANDI RESERVE FOREST OF MOULVIBAZAR, BANGLADESH 1 2 A.K.M. KAMRUL HAQUE , SALEH AHAMMAD KHAN, SARDER NASIR UDDIN AND SHAYLA SHARMIN SHETU Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh Keywords: Checklist; Angiosperms; Rajkandi Reserve Forest; Moulvibazar. Abstract This study was carried out to provide the baseline data on the composition and distribution of the angiosperms and to assess their current status in Rajkandi Reserve Forest of Moulvibazar, Bangladesh. The study reports a total of 549 angiosperm species belonging to 123 families, 98 (79.67%) of which consisting of 418 species under 316 genera belong to Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons), and the remaining 25 (20.33%) comprising 132 species of 96 genera to Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Rubiaceae with 30 species is recognized as the largest family in Magnoliopsida followed by Euphorbiaceae with 24 and Fabaceae with 22 species; whereas, in Lilliopsida Poaceae with 32 species is found to be the largest family followed by Cyperaceae and Araceae with 17 and 15 species, respectively. Ficus is found to be the largest genus with 12 species followed by Ipomoea, Cyperus and Dioscorea with five species each. Rajkandi Reserve Forest is dominated by the herbs (284 species) followed by trees (130 species), shrubs (125 species), and lianas (10 species). Woodlands are found to be the most common habitat of angiosperms. A total of 387 species growing in this area are found to be economically useful. 25 species listed in Red Data Book of Bangladesh under different threatened categories are found under Lower Risk (LR) category in this study area. -
STATUS SURVEY of AFRICAN GREEN PIGEON (Treroncalvus
STATUS SURVEY OF AFRICAN GREEN PIGEON (Treroncalvus, Temminck, 1808) IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA BY OWOLABI, BIBITAYO AYOBAMI B. Wildlife Management (EWM/13/5440) A THESIS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ECOTOURISM AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES, THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,AKURE, ONDO STATE. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY IN ECOTOURISM AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT. OCTOBER 2015. ABSTRACT The study focused on assessment and survey of thestatus survey of African Green Pigeon in EkitiState,Nigeria. Following the reconnaissance survey of the state, five sites were purposively selected, which represented areas where African Green Pigeon were commonly sighted. These areas were Counting station A (Aramoko/IjeroEkiti), Counting station B (IsanEkiti), Counting station C (IkogosiEkiti), Counting station D (Awo/IgedeEkiti) and Counting station E (IyemeroEkiti). The study area represents a typical rain forest ecosystem. Three methods were used for collecting data for the study (Point count method, direct observation and vegetation assessment technique). A meantotal of 97 birds were counted during the wet and dry season of the study, 46during the dry season and 51 counted during the wet season.Total mean number of bird in Counting Station A in the dry period was 10 and 9 in the wet season, accounting for a standard error of 3 ± 2.186birds sighted in the dry season and 3 ± 2.646in the wet season. Counting Station B forest patches, had a total of 29 birds, 9 sighted in the dry and 14 in the wet period, 3 ± 1.201 as standard error of birds sighted in the wet season and 3 ± 1.527 foe the dry season while counting Station C forest patches with 8 birds sighted in the dry and 12 birds recorded in the wet season, having a standard error of 3 ± 2.603 birds sighted in the dry and 3 ± 0.577 in the wet season. -
Alphabetical Lists of the Vascular Plant Families with Their Phylogenetic
Colligo 2 (1) : 3-10 BOTANIQUE Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers Listes alphabétiques des familles de plantes vasculaires avec leurs numéros de classement phylogénétique FRÉDÉRIC DANET* *Mairie de Lyon, Espaces verts, Jardin botanique, Herbier, 69205 Lyon cedex 01, France - [email protected] Citation : Danet F., 2019. Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Colligo, 2(1) : 3- 10. https://perma.cc/2WFD-A2A7 KEY-WORDS Angiosperms family arrangement Summary: This paper provides, for herbarium cura- Gymnosperms Classification tors, the alphabetical lists of the recognized families Pteridophytes APG system in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms Ferns PPG system with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Lycophytes phylogeny Herbarium MOTS-CLÉS Angiospermes rangement des familles Résumé : Cet article produit, pour les conservateurs Gymnospermes Classification d’herbier, les listes alphabétiques des familles recon- Ptéridophytes système APG nues pour les ptéridophytes, les gymnospermes et Fougères système PPG les angiospermes avec leurs numéros de classement Lycophytes phylogénie phylogénétique. Herbier Introduction These alphabetical lists have been established for the systems of A.-L de Jussieu, A.-P. de Can- The organization of herbarium collections con- dolle, Bentham & Hooker, etc. that are still used sists in arranging the specimens logically to in the management of historical herbaria find and reclassify them easily in the appro- whose original classification is voluntarily pre- priate storage units. In the vascular plant col- served. lections, commonly used methods are systema- Recent classification systems based on molecu- tic classification, alphabetical classification, or lar phylogenies have developed, and herbaria combinations of both. -
Tropical Plant-Animal Interactions: Linking Defaunation with Seed Predation, and Resource- Dependent Co-Occurrence
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2021 TROPICAL PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: LINKING DEFAUNATION WITH SEED PREDATION, AND RESOURCE- DEPENDENT CO-OCCURRENCE Peter Jeffrey Williams Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Williams, Peter Jeffrey, "TROPICAL PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: LINKING DEFAUNATION WITH SEED PREDATION, AND RESOURCE-DEPENDENT CO-OCCURRENCE" (2021). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 11777. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11777 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TROPICAL PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: LINKING DEFAUNATION WITH SEED PREDATION, AND RESOURCE-DEPENDENT CO-OCCURRENCE By PETER JEFFREY WILLIAMS B.S., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 2014 Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology – Ecology and Evolution The University of Montana Missoula, MT May 2021 Approved by: Scott Whittenburg, Graduate School Dean Jedediah F. Brodie, Chair Division of Biological Sciences Wildlife Biology Program John L. Maron Division of Biological Sciences Joshua J. Millspaugh Wildlife Biology Program Kim R. McConkey School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Malaysia Williams, Peter, Ph.D., Spring 2021 Biology Tropical plant-animal interactions: linking defaunation with seed predation, and resource- dependent co-occurrence Chairperson: Jedediah F. -
Inventory of Rubiaceae Species in Mt. Pao Range, Ilocos Norte, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines
BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 22, Number 8, August 2021 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 3604-3612 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220862 Inventory of Rubiaceae species in Mt. Pao Range, Ilocos Norte, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines MAE ANN R. BATUYONG1,2,♥, MICHAEL A. CALARAMO3, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO1,4 1The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas. España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines, ♥email: [email protected] 2Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Mariano Marcos State University, City of Batac, 2906, Ilocos Norte, Philippines 3Northwestern University Ecological Park & Botanical Garden. Airport Avenue, Bengcag, Laoag City, 2900, Ilocos Norte, Philippines 4Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science & Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas. España Boulevard, 1015 Manila, Philippines. Manuscript received: 17 June 2021. Revision accepted: 31 July 2021. Abstract. Batuyong MAR, Calaramo MA, Alejandro GJD. 2021. Inventory of Rubiaceae species in Mt. Pao Range, Ilocos Norte, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22: 3604-3612. Botanical assessments in the Philippines are mostly conducted on declared Protected Areas (PAs). However, many remaining potentially interesting and largely unexplored floristic sites are not considered PA, one of which is the Mt. Pao Range in the Municipality of Adams, located in Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Among the flowering plant family, Rubiaceae is one with the largest number of endemic species and genera in the Philippines Thus, floristic surveys of Rubiaceae species were conducted, and collections were made from September 2019 to March 2021. A total of 39 species belonging to 13 tribes and 24 genera of the family were recorded. These constitute 7.09% of the total Philippine Rubiaceae. -
Irvingia Gabonensis Irvingiaceae (Aubrey-Lecomte Ex O. Rorke) Baill
Irvingia gabonensis (Aubrey-Lecomte ex O. Rorke) Baill. Irvingiaceae dika nut LOCAL NAMES English (wild mango,native mango,duiker nut,bush mango,bread tree,African mango tree); French (manguier sauvage,bobo); Hausa (goron,biri); Igbo (obono); Trade name (dika nut); Yoruba (oro) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Irvingia gabonensis grows to a height of 15-40 m, bole slightly buttressed. It has a dense, compact crown, branchlets ending in a narrow, curved, stipular sheath covering the leaf bud. Bark greyish, smooth or very slightly scaly; slash yellowish-brown to light yellow, brittle. Fruit on three-year-old trees in Onne, Nigeria (Anthony Simons) Leaves 5-15 x 2.5-6 cm, elliptic to slightly obovate, 1 margin often a little more rounded than the other, acute or shortly acuminate, cuneate or slightly rounded at the base; leathery dark green and glossy above; with 5- 10 pairs of irregular lateral veins, the lower ones running out nearly to the margin. Flowers yellowish to greenish-white, in slender, clustered racemes or small panicles above the leaves and about as long as them, or on the branchlets and younger branchlets; individual flower stalks slender, about 6 mm long, petals bent right back and soon falling off, disc bright yellow. Tree in degraded forest near Port Harcourt, Fruits yellowish when ripe, broadly ellipsoid and variable in size between Nigeria. (Anthony Simons) varieties, 5-7.5 cm with a yellow, fibrous pulp surrounding a large seed. The genus name commemorates E.G. Irving, 1816-1855, a Scots botanist. BIOLOGY I. gabonensis is hermaphroditic, with flowers being pollinated by Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. -
Rubiaceae) in Africa and Madagascar
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Plant Syst Evol (2010) 285:51–64 DOI 10.1007/s00606-009-0255-8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Adaptive radiation in Coffea subgenus Coffea L. (Rubiaceae) in Africa and Madagascar Franc¸ois Anthony • Leandro E. C. Diniz • Marie-Christine Combes • Philippe Lashermes Received: 31 July 2009 / Accepted: 28 December 2009 / Published online: 5 March 2010 Ó The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Phylogeographic analysis of the Coffea subge- biogeographic differentiation of coffee species, but they nus Coffea was performed using data on plastid DNA were not congruent with morphological and biochemical sequences and interpreted in relation to biogeographic data classifications, or with the capacity to grow in specific on African rain forest flora. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses environments. Examples of convergent evolution in the of trnL-F, trnT-L and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacers from 24 main clades are given using characters of leaf size, caffeine African species revealed two main clades in the Coffea content and reproductive mode. subgenus Coffea whose distribution overlaps in west equa- torial Africa. Comparison of trnL-F sequences obtained Keywords Africa Á Biogeography Á Coffea Á Evolution Á from GenBank for 45 Coffea species from Cameroon, Phylogeny Á Plastid sequences Á Rubiaceae Madagascar, Grande Comore and the Mascarenes revealed low divergence between African and Madagascan species, suggesting a rapid and radial mode of speciation. A chro- Introduction nological history of the dispersal of the Coffea subgenus Coffea from its centre of origin in Lower Guinea is pro- Coffeeae tribe belongs to the Ixoroideae monophyletic posed. -
A Review on Presence of Oleanolic Acid in Natural Products
Natura Proda Medica, (2), April 2009 64 A review on presence of Oleanolic acid in Natural Products A review on presence of Oleanolic acid in Natural Products YEUNG Ming Fai Abstract Oleanolic acid (OA), a common phytochemical, is chosen as an example for elucidation of its presence in natural products by searching scientific databases. 146 families, 698 genera and 1620 species of natural products were found to have OA up to Sep 2007. Keywords Oleanolic acid, natural products, plants, Chinese medicine, Linnaeus system of plant classification Introduction and/or its saponins in natural products was carried out for Oleanolic acid (OA), a common phytochemical, is chosen elucidating its pressence. The classification was based on as an example for elucidation of its presence in natural Linnaeus system of plant classification from the databases of products by searching scientific databases. SciFinder and China Yearbook Full-text Database (CJFD). Methodology of Review Result of Review Literature search for isolation and characterization of OA Search results were tabulated (Table 1). Table 1 Literature review of natural products containing OA and/or its saponins. The classification is based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group APG II system of plant classification from the databases of SciFinder and China Yearbook Full-text Database (CJFD). Family of plants Plant scientific names Position of plant to be Form of OA References isolated isolated Acanthaceae Juss. Acanthus illicifolius L. Leaves OA [1-2] Acanthaceae Avicennia officinalis Linn. Leaves OA [3] Acanthaceae Blepharis sindica Stocks ex T. Anders Seeds OA [4] Acanthaceae Dicliptera chinensis (Linn.) Juss. Whole plant OA [5] Acanthaceae Justicia simplex Whole plant OA saponins [6] Actinidiaceae Gilg. -
Tbiseries3.Pdf
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Assessment of Threatened Medicinal Plants in Selected Locations in South-Western Nigeria *1Lawal I
Journal of Forestry Research and Management. Vol. 16(3).12-26; 2019, ISSN 0189-8418 www.jfrm.org.ng Assessment of Threatened Medicinal Plants in Selected Locations in South-Western Nigeria *1Lawal I. O., 1Rafiu B. O 2Falana A.R,. and 1Adam, A. A. 1Biomedicinal Research Centre, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, P.M.B. 5054, Ibadan. 2Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan, Nigeria. *Corresponding author: [email protected]; Tel: +2348035059095 ABSTRACT Plant as a biotic factor plays a significant role in the well-being of man. The relationship between man and plants has been very cordial since time immemorial. The burgeoning world population and the concomitant increase in anthropogenic activities led to the rapid erosion of natural ecosystems. This study was designed to assess the categories and the ethno-medicinal information of endangered medicinal plant species in Igbo-Nla, Odeda Local Government Area of Ogun state and International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo state, Nigeria for proper referencing. The land area of 5 acres were marked out from the locations and divided into 4 compartments of 1.25 acres. The plant species found were identified, enumerated and recorded accordingly. Ethno-botanical information such as the local names, parts used and ailments which they can be used to treat were captured. Frequency of occurrence, species abundance/richness and others were used to analyze the information obtained. It was revealed that 33 species belonging to 12 angiosperm families were recorded in IITA while 40 species belonging to 25 plant families were recorded in Igbo-Nla with species in Fabaceae family having the highest frequency of occurrence at both study areas.