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9-2 Kelly 2013A Paludicola 9(2):56-69 April 2013 © by the Rochester Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology NEW RECORDS OF SMALL MAMMALS FROM THE LATEST UINTAN (MIDDLE EOCENE) STRATHEARN LOCAL FAUNA, SESPE FORMATION, CALIFORNIA Thomas S. Kelly Research Associate, Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, California 90007 ABSTRACT A paleontologic resource impact mitigation program at the Simi Valley Landfill and Recycling Center, Ventura County, California, has resulted in the recovery of a large number of isolated small mammal teeth from the latest Uintan (middle Eocene) Strathearn Local Fauna of the Sespe Formation. New records for the Strathearn Local Fauna include the following: Peradectes californicus; Centetodon sp., cf. C. aztecus; Batodonoides rileyi new species; Metanoiamys sp.; Microparamys sp., cf. M. tricus; and Griphomys sp. In addition, new samples of Herpetotherium sp., cf. H. knighti, Sespedectes singularis, and Simimys simplex are documented for the fauna. INTRODUCTION Stockpile Grading Plan submitted by Geosyntec Consultants on May 27, 2010 to Waste Management of The middle member of the Sespe Formation of California, Inc. Prior to the 2010 grading and earlier Simi Valley, Ventura County, California, has yielded landfill expansions, three claystone beds were exposed abundant fossil mammals of middle Eocene age (e.g., along the south side of the ridge in the excavation area Stock, 1932, 1935, 1936a, 1936b; Golz, 1976; Golz and another claystone bed, the lowest in the sequence and Lillegraven, 1977; Mason, 1988; Kelly, 1990, occurring above the CDLBF, was exposed just east of 1992, 2009, 2010a, 2010b; Kelly et al., 1991; Kelly the excavation area (Kelly et al., 1991:fig. 2). The first and Whistler, 1994, 1998). In particular, an ongoing (lowest) claystone contained locality LACM 5871 paleontologic resource impact mitigation program at (Kelly et al., 1991:fig. 2). Locality LACM 7893 the Simi Valley Landfill and Recycling Center is occurred within the second claystone bed above the providing the best stratigraphically controlled record in CDLBF and is laterally equivalent to locality LACM North America for the Uintan-Duchesnean North 5872 (Kelly et al., 1991:fig. 2), whereas localities American Land Mammal Age transition (Kelly et al., LACM 7894 and 7895 occurred within the third 2012). Five superposed local faunas of middle Eocene claystone bed above the CDLBF. Based on the relative age have been recognized at the landfill: the late Uintan stratigraphic levels of known fossil localities in Tapo and Brea Canyon local faunas, the latest Uintan adjacent Brea Canyon and the fact that about 262-275 Strathearn Local Fauna, the early Duchesnean Pearson m of section are repeated above the CDLBF (Taylor, Ranch Local Fauna, and the middle Duchesnean Simi 1983; Kimmel et al., 1983; Mason, 1988; Kelly, 1990; Valley Landfill Local Fauna (Kelly, 1990; Kelly et al., Kelly et. al., 1991), the claystone beds containing 1991, 2012). Previously, only seven localities were localities LACM 7893, 7894 and 7895 are correlated to assigned to the Strathearn Local Fauna (Kelly, 1990; the two claystone beds at LACM (CIT) 128 below the Kelly et al., 1991; Kelly and Whistler, 1994). CDLBF (Kelly et al., 1991: fig. 2) and assigned to the During the latest phase of the mitigation program, Strathearn Local Fauna (Figure 1). This correlation is bulk matrix samples from three localities (LACM supported also by magnetostratigraphic data presented 7893, 7894, and 7895) were collected from reddish by Prothero et al. (1996) who reported the following claystone beds above the Cañada de la Brea Fault observations (in descending stratigraphic order): 1) the (CDLBF) at the north end of the landfill and within the strata above the CDLBF at the landfill are within a excavation area shown on the Excavation and Soil normal interval, which contains localities LACM 5871, 56 PALUDICOLA, VOL. 9, NO. 2, 2013 57 FIGURE 1. Aerial photograph of northeast side of Simi Valley Landfill and Recycling Center and adjacent Brea Canyon showing geographic position of the 2010 excavation area where localities LACM 7893, LACM 7894, and LACM 7895 were located and the relative geographic positions of LACM (CIT) localities that yielded the early Duchesnean Pearson Ranch Local Fauna and the latest Uintan Strathearn Local Fauna. Locality LACM 5876 yielded the middle Duchesnean Simi Valley Landfill Local Fauna (SVLLF). Index map showing geographic location of study area in California. Base photo after USGS Landsat EarthExplorer, 1:6,000. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5872, 7893, 7894, and 7895; 2) the strata directly Simi Valley Landfill Local Fauna to Chron C18r. below the CDLBF to a level just above the highest Wet screening of the matrix samples from the locality of the Pearson Ranch Local Fauna and new localities followed by heavy liquid separation of containing the Simi Valley Landfill Local Fauna are the fossils from the concentrates resulted in the within a reversed interval; and 3) the strata from the recovery of 308 identifiable microvertebrate fossils, highest locality of the Pearson Ranch Local Fauna to including mammal teeth, lizard specimens (jaws and the Strathearn Fault (SF) are within a normal interval, osteoderms), and fish teeth. The purpose of this report which includes the highest levels of the Strathearn is to document the new small mammal specimens from Local Fauna at LACM (CIT) 128 just above the SF. the Strathearn Local Fauna. Therefore, the normal interval above the CDLBF correlates with that portion of the normal interval lying METHODS just above the SF and containing LACM (CIT) 128. Kelly et al. (2012) reevaluated the Chron assignments Measurements of teeth were made with an optical of these magnetic intervals and assigned the normal micrometer to the nearest 0.01 mm. Dental interval containing the upper levels of the Strathearn terminology follows Rose (2006:fig. 2.2) for Local Fauna and Pearson Ranch Local Fauna to Chron lipotyphlans, Marshall et al. (1990) for marsupials, C19n and the overlying reversed interval containing the Korth and Branciforte (2007) for geomyoids, Chiment 58 KELLY—SMALL MAMMALS FROM SESPE FORMATION, CALIFORNIA and Korth (1996) for eomyids, and Korth (1994) for with those of the Uintan and Duchesnean samples of sciurids. Upper and lower teeth are designated by Peradectes californicus from the San Diego area and capital and lowercase letters, respectively. All the Sespe Formation (Stock, 1936a; Lillegraven, 1976), specimens are deposited in the collection of the and are referred to this species (e.g., Figure 2C). Department of Vertebrate Paleontology at the Natural Although P. californicus has been previously recorded History Museum of Los Angeles County. from the Tapo Canyon, Brea Canyon, and Simi Valley Abbreviations are as follows: ap, greatest Landfill local faunas (Kelly, 1990, 2010a; Kelly et al., anteroposterior length; L, left; ln, natural log; R, right; 1991; Kelly and Whistler, 1994), the new specimens tr, greatest transverse width; tra, anterior transverse represent the first record of the species in the width; trp, posterior transverse width. Institutional Strathearn Local Fauna. acronyms are as follows: LACM, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; LACM (CIT), Order Soricomorpha Gregory, 1910 California Institute of Technology vertebrate fossil Family Geolabididae McKenna, 1960a localities and specimens, now housed at the LACM. Genus Centetodon Marsh, 1872 Centetodon sp., cf. C. aztecus Lillegraven et al., 1981 SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY Figures 2F-H, Table 1 Cohort Marsupialia Illiger, 1811 Referred Specimen―From locality LACM Order Didelphimorpha Gill, 1872 7894: partial Rm2, LACM 155880. Family Herpetotheriidae Trouessart, 1879 Discussion―The partial m2 is missing the Genus Herpetotherium Cope, 1873 anterior half of the trigonid and the apex of the Herpetotherium sp., cf. H. knighti McGrew, 1959 metaconid (Figures 2F-H). It is characterized by Figures 2A-B, Table 1 having the following: 1) the protoconid is tall, sharp, and vertically orientated; 2) the metaconid is smaller Referred Specimens―From LACM 7894: than the protoconid; 3) the talonid is significantly partial Lm talonid, LACM 155965. From locality lower in height than the trigonid; 4) the hypoconid is LACM 7895: LM1, LACM 156042; partial Lm talonid, well-developed and labially positioned; 5) the LACM 156003. hypoconulid is positioned lingually, close to the Discussion―The LM1 (Figure 2A) is indisting- entoconid; 6) the cristid obliqua is medially concave uishable in size and occlusal morphology from those and extends from the hypoconid to the posterior wall of referred by Lillegraven (1976) to Herpetotherium sp., the trigonid, terminating near metaconid-protoconid cf. H. knighti from the Uintan of the San Diego area, notch; and 7) labial and posterior cingulids are lacking. including well-developed stylar cusps B, C, and D. Although damaged, the positions of the talonid cusps, Although fragmentary, the other partial molars (e.g., concave cristid obliqua, and tall, vertically orientated Figure 2B) also agree well morphologically with those posterior wall of the trigonid are characters typical of of San Diego sample of H. sp., cf. H. knighti. Kelly et Centetodon (Lillegraven et al., 1981). Lillegraven et al. (1991) previously recorded H. sp., cf. H. knighti in al. (1981) described Centetodon aztecus from
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