DOCSLIB.ORG

HEALTH, PERSONALITY, POLITICS, and the TRAGEDY of LIN BIAO Adrian Luna, Ma

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
HEALTH, PERSONALITY, POLITICS, and the TRAGEDY of LIN BIAO Adrian Luna, Ma ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: BRINGING THE INSIDE OUT: HEALTH, PERSONALITY, POLITICS, AND THE TRAGEDY OF LIN BIAO Adrian Luna, Master of Arts, 2007 Directed By: Professor James Gao, Department of History The following study is a close scrutiny of Lin Biao. This study will focus on Lin Biao’s private life during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1969). This study argues that Lin suffered from two distinct personality disorders: schizoid personality disorder and social anxiety disorder. After assessing the private behavior of Lin Biao and how the two disorders disabled Lin, this study will then move to illustrate the consequential enabling affect the two disorders had on Lin Biao’s wife, Ye Qun. Thereafter, this study will reexamine several key cases that occurred immediately prior to and during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1969) where Lin Biao is typically portrayed as being deeply involved. The conclusions are that Lin suffered from two distinct disorders, the disorders had an enabling affect on Ye Qun, and that Lin is a tragic figure, as he was placed in a political position that he could not appropriately administer under Chairman Mao. BRINGING THE INSIDE OUT: HEALTH, PERSONALITY, POLITICS, AND THE TRAGEDY OF LIN BIAO By Adrian Torrez Luna Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2007 Advisory Committee: Professor James Gao, Chair Professor Keith Olson Professor George Quester ©Copyright by Adrian Luna 2007 i DEDICATION In Loving Memory of My Grandfather Lee Luna 1931-1992 ii Acknowledgements This journey has not been traveled alone. Professionally, I must first thank my advisor, James Gao, for his helpful guidance and feedback on my work. George Quester and Keith Olson have both offered me helpful hints on improving this study and also took the time to carefully read the manuscript multiple times in preparation for being members of my defense committee. In particular, George Quester filled a void prior to the defense of this work and also assisted me in spring 2006, as he read the earliest drafts of this work. Andrea Goldman also provided helpful feedback on an early draft. I am also indebted to James Henretta. Although he has no connection to this specific study and no particular ties to modern Chinese history, the time I spent with him during a graduate seminar he taught on American history was both intellectually stimulating and enjoyable. James’ critical thinking is top-notch. During his course I undoubtedly learned a great deal about the art of writing history, which consequently played a role in the culmination of this study. During the many tedious hours of writing this work, I would remind myself periodically about what James taught me; about composing history and how to make it readable to a wider audience without sacrificing fascinating facts and information. My time with him in his seminar will always be remembered as being valuable, as he has greatly enriched my thinking and intellect. Numerous individuals within the China field have assisted me in various fashions throughout the course of researching and writing this study. Kenneth Lieberthal and Lyman Miller were courteous, professional, and helpful as they took the time to respond to various email inquiries I sent them. Roderick MacFarquhar is a gem, as he responded iii quickly to a variety of questions I sent him via email. Roderick even took the time to coordinate with Nancy Hearst, the outstanding librarian in the Fairbank Center of East Asian Research at Harvard University, to compile a lengthy and priceless list of new publications that have emerged from China in the past few years—some of which sneaked their way into this study. Their assistance has been outstanding and I have greatly benefited from their efforts. Moving from the professional to the personal realm I must first thank my parents, Beverly and Randy, for the infinite support they have provided me. Ranging from my days in diapers, to my youth, and even today as an adult, they have consistently been present through the best and worst of times. They have always been willing to assist me in a multitude of instances and have offered every form of loving support, ranging from parental advice to nurturing hugs. I love them both. They are outstanding parents. My sister, Natalie, has also offered terrific support during the course of my graduate studies and during the research and writing phases of this study. She has been patient and considerate. My nephew, Matthew, has been deprived of many precious hours with his uncle during the time that I compiled this study. I hope to give this time back to him in the upcoming months and years. He is an outstanding little guy. My Aunt Alita, Aunt Nancy, Uncle Darryl, Uncle Mike, and Cousin Jacob have also been present peripherally throughout this study. They have all offered family support. Both Alita and Mike have helped keep my sanity during the course of this study by inviting me to their home in Frederick, Maryland for the always enjoyable and patented Luna taco feasts. These field trips were always welcomed, as they forced me to iv break away from my work and helped me keep the delicate balance of life and work intact. Sam Berkowitz has provided me with tremendous moral support throughout the past few years and during the course of my research. Our conversations have indeed been stimulating and his feedback and advice on life has led me to learn a great deal about myself. Also, the feedback he offered during our many discussions about Lin Biao and Lin’s personality are priceless. Sam not only played a prominent role in helping me understand the depths and complexities of psychology, but also assisted me in pinpointing what Lin’s personality defects specifically are. His time and efforts are very much obliged. Stephen MacKinnon, Hoyt Tillman, and Sheldon Simon, professors of my alma mater Arizona State University, go well above and beyond their duties as teachers. Not only are they responsible for sparking my interest and introducing me to the fascinating world of Chinese history and politics at Arizona State University, but they are each like second-fathers to me. Each has consistently offered their time and friendship during the past six years. During my sojourns to Phoenix in the dry, sweltering, and broiling summers they have graciously allowed me to drop by for a visit during their office hours and sacrificed their own time to chat about my current research. They are the highest examples of what all teachers should attempt to be. I am also thankful to Robert Kayser, a friend since our days in Beijing. Robert not only provided camaraderie during the course of this study, but has also assisted me in multiple instances with translating certain sources and double-checking my own translations to insure their accuracy. When unsure of a translation Robert was an always v available resource. I truly value his friendship and support throughout the years and he is someone who I consider a big brother. I am also grateful to Pat Hiban who provided me with a place of employment during my time as a graduate student and throughout the course of this study. In addition, my work colleagues, Rosie Silva and Josh Moulton, have been outstanding friends and supporters during the years of research and writing of this study. Their camaraderie has created and provided me with a working atmosphere that is devoid of high-level stress normally associated with the private sector. They are the “family” away from home. Although seemingly infinite hours have been spent on this study, much of it spent alone in a bedroom or office slogging through mountains of Chinese sources, the research itself has been deeply fascinating and intellectually arousing. The more I dug into the lifestyle and personality of Lin Biao, the more engaging the subject became. At times, even though I would sit alone reading and writing, I felt as if I was not. I am grateful to the authors of the multiple memoirs utilized in this study. They have sought to unmask China’s most mysterious modern figure. Lin Biao, for me, is bittersweet. I cannot thank him, for obvious reasons, but his life, as sad and tragic as it is, is something I have never felt so passionate about in all my life. While being completely objective is at the top of every historian’s agenda, it became difficult at times to maintain the required level of objectivity as I sometimes felt sympathy for this tragic figure. From a historian’s point of view, this is exceedingly dangerous, as it could jeopardize the historian’s duty to be completely objective. Undoubtedly, I reminded myself of this important rule on a consistent basis and consequently always weighed the evidence carefully, objectively, and professionally. Any errors found in this study are, of course, my own. I cannot ignore vi though, that during the course of this study, Lin Biao’s life has become an important part of my own, one which offers me a continuous, never ending, intellectual stimulation and an interest for research for the future. For this alone I am eternally grateful to Lin Biao’s life and memory. Finally, I must recognize and remember my grandfather, Lee Luna. Lee was a hardworking young man, the son of a poor immigrant mother from Mexico. Lee grew up working on a small farm in Colorado. He later joined the U.S. Army and served briefly in the Korean conflict. It was during his time in the army when he became interested in histotechnology and soon thereafter founded the National Society for Histotechnology in Maryland.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Documentary Film (纪录片)
    The Mao Era in Objects Documentary Film (纪录片) Ying Qian, Columbia University Summary Films are objects whose production requires resources, labor and technology, and whose distribution requires infrastructure. Films also present other objects on the screen. Documentary images, in particular, are supposed to tell truths about the physical and historical world we live in. This biography discusses the substantial resources committed to filmmaking by the young PRC: in one example, the People’s Liberation Army re-enacted four major battles in the Chinese Civil War for the camera. Why was there a perceived need for re-enactment, and what it might tell us about the society where the film was produced? Introduction In October 1949, soldiers in the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) Fourth Field Army, who had just recently arrived and settled in their new station near Tianjin, were told that they would again be transferred back to the northeast, where their battalions had fought victorious battles against the Nationalist army a year before. Canons, tanks, and tens of thousands of soldiers were loaded onto trains. Soon the open plains near Jinzhou, where the dust of war had barely settled, were shaken again by cannons and gunfire. Between autumn 1949 and summer 1950, four major battles marking PLA’s victory over the Nationalists were re-enacted for the purpose of making PRC’s first color documentary Victory of the Chinese People (Zhongguo renmin de shengli 中国人民的胜利 ), a Sino-Soviet coproduction directed by the renowned Soviet filmmaker Leonid Varlamov 29 [see C9 source: Victory of the Chinese People, see also title screen of Victory of the Chinese People depicted to the left ].
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary China: a Book List
    PRINCETON UNIVERSITY: Woodrow Wilson School, Politics Department, East Asian Studies Program CONTEMPORARY CHINA: A BOOK LIST by Lubna Malik and Lynn White Winter 2007-2008 Edition This list is available on the web at: http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinabib.pdf which can be viewed and printed with an Adobe Acrobat Reader. Variation of font sizes may cause pagination to differ slightly in the web and paper editions. No list of books can be totally up-to-date. Please surf to find further items. Also consult http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinawebs.doc for clicable URLs. This list of items in English has several purposes: --to help advise students' course essays, junior papers, policy workshops, and senior theses about contemporary China; --to supplement the required reading lists of courses on "Chinese Development" and "Chinese Politics," for which students may find books to review in this list; --to provide graduate students with a list that may suggest books for paper topics and may slightly help their study for exams in Chinese politics; a few of the compiler's favorite books are starred on the list, but not much should be made of this because such books may be old or the subjects may not meet present interests; --to supplement a bibliography of all Asian serials in the Princeton Libraries that was compiled long ago by Frances Chen and Maureen Donovan; many of these are now available on the web,e.g., from “J-Stor”; --to suggest to book selectors in the Princeton libraries items that are suitable for acquisition; to provide a computerized list on which researchers can search for keywords of interests; and to provide a resource that many teachers at various other universities have also used.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes and References
    Notes and References Front and Introduction 1. Hu Yaobang's interview with Selig Harrison, Far Eastern Economic Review, 26 July 1986. 2. Ma Ying-cheou's interview with the author, Taipei, June 1989. 1 Geography and Early History On Taiwan's topography, see Anon. (1960) and Hseih (1964). On pre-history, see Chai (1967), Davidson (1988) and God­ dard (1966). Early contacts with the mainland Davidson (1988), Goddard (1966) and Reischauer and Fair­ bank (1958). Early foreign contacts Davidson (1988), Goddard (1966), Hsu (1970) and Reischauer and Fairbank (1958). Taiwan under the Dutch Campbell (1903), Davidson (1988) and Goddard (1966). The Koxinga interregnum Croizier (1977), Hsu (1970) and Kessler (1976). The 'Wild East' Davidson (1988), Goddard (1966) and Gold (1986). Taiwan joins international politics Broomhall (1982), Davidson (1988), Hibbert (1970), Hsu (1970), Wang and Hao (1980) and Yen (1965). Early modernisation Goddard (1966), Gold (1986) and Kerr (1974). 246 Notes 247 The Japanese annexation Davidson (1988), Hsu (1970), Jansen (1980), Kerr (1974), Li (1956), Reischauer and Fairbank (1958), Smith and Liu (1980) and Wang and Hao (1980). Taiwan under the Japanese Behr (1989), Davidson (1988), Gold (1986), Ho (1978), Kerr (1974) and Mendel (1970). REFERENCES l. The 'Dragon Myth' is cited in Davidson (1988). 2. Quoted in Campbell (1903). 3. Quoted in Hsu (1970). 4. Quoted in Gold (1986). 5. Quoted in Davidson (1988). 6. Fairbank (1972). 2 The Kuomintang The Kuomintang in 1945 Belden (1973), Bianco (1971), China White Paper (1967), Harrison (1976), Kerr (1974), Loh (1965), Seagrave (1985) and Tuchman (1972). Sun Yat-sen and the origins of the KMT Bianco (1971), Chan (1976), Creel (1953), Fairbank (1987), Gold (1986), Harrison (1976), Hsu (1970), Isaacs (1951), Schiffrin (1968), Spence (1982) and Tan (1971).
    [Show full text]
  • Seeing Like a Minority: Political Tourism and the Struggle for Recognition in China, In: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 41, 4, 133–158
    Journal of Current Chinese Affairs China aktuell Bulag, Uradyn E. (2012), Seeing Like a Minority: Political Tourism and the Struggle for Recognition in China, in: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 41, 4, 133–158. ISSN: 1868-4874 (online), ISSN: 1868-1026 (print) The online version of this article and the other articles can be found at: <www.CurrentChineseAffairs.org> Published by GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Institute of Asian Studies in cooperation with the National Institute of Chinese Studies, White Rose East Asia Centre at the Universities of Leeds and Sheffield and Hamburg University Press. The Journal of Current Chinese Affairs is an Open Access publication. It may be read, copied and distributed free of charge according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. To subscribe to the print edition: <[email protected]> For an e-mail alert please register at: <www.CurrentChineseAffairs.org> The Journal of Current Chinese Affairs is part of the GIGA Journal Family which includes: Africa Spectrum ●● Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs ●● Journal of Politics in Latin America <www.giga-journal-family.org> Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 4/2012: 133158 !" Abstract: This paper outlines the operation of what may be called “polit- ical tourism” in China, and analyses the role of the sensorial technology of “seeing” in the kind of narrative this tourism engenders. Beginning in 1950, the newly established People’s Republic of China launched an annual tradition of inviting non-communist elites to attend the May Day and the National Day (1 October) parades on Tiananmen Square in Bei- jing and in some metropolitan cities.
    [Show full text]
  • New China and Its Qiaowu: the Political Economy of Overseas Chinese Policy in the People’S Republic of China, 1949–1959
    1 The London School of Economics and Political Science New China and its Qiaowu: The Political Economy of Overseas Chinese policy in the People’s Republic of China, 1949–1959 Jin Li Lim A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, September 2016. 2 Declaration: I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 98,700 words. 3 Abstract: This thesis examines qiaowu [Overseas Chinese affairs] policies during the PRC’s first decade, and it argues that the CCP-controlled party-state’s approach to the governance of the huaqiao [Overseas Chinese] and their affairs was fundamentally a political economy. This was at base, a function of perceived huaqiao economic utility, especially for what their remittances offered to China’s foreign reserves, and hence the party-state’s qiaowu approach was a political practice to secure that economic utility.
    [Show full text]
  • New Trends in Mao Literature from China
    Kölner China-Studien Online Arbeitspapiere zu Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Chinas Cologne China Studies Online Working Papers on Chinese Politics, Economy and Society No. 1 / 1995 Thomas Scharping The Man, the Myth, the Message: New Trends in Mao Literature From China Zusammenfassung: Dies ist die erweiterte Fassung eines früher publizierten englischen Aufsatzes. Er untersucht 43 Werke der neueren chinesischen Mao-Literatur aus den frühen 1990er Jahren, die in ihnen enthaltenen Aussagen zur Parteigeschichte und zum Selbstverständnis der heutigen Führung. Neben zahlreichen neuen Informationen über die chinesische Innen- und Außenpolitik, darunter besonders die Kampagnen der Mao-Zeit wie Großer Sprung und Kulturrevolution, vermitteln die Werke wichtige Einblicke in die politische Kultur Chinas. Trotz eindeutigen Versuchen zur Durchsetzung einer einheitlichen nationalen Identität und Geschichtsschreibung bezeugen sie auch die Existenz eines unabhängigen, kritischen Denkens in China. Schlagworte: Mao Zedong, Parteigeschichte, Ideologie, Propaganda, Historiographie, politische Kultur, Großer Sprung, Kulturrevolution Autor: Thomas Scharping ([email protected]) ist Professor für Moderne China-Studien, Lehrstuhl für Neuere Geschichte / Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Chinas, an der Universität Köln. Abstract: This is the enlarged version of an English article published before. It analyzes 43 works of the new Chinese Mao literature from the early 1990s, their revelations of Party history and their clues for the self-image of the present leadership. Besides revealing a wealth of new information on Chinese domestic and foreign policy, in particular on the campaigns of the Mao era like the Great Leap and the Cultural Revolution, the works convey important insights into China’s political culture. In spite of the overt attempts at forging a unified national identity and historiography, they also document the existence of independent, critical thought in China.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Across the Geo-political Landscape Chinese Women Intellectuals’ Political Networks in the Wartime Era 1937-1949 Guo, Xiangwei Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 30. Sep. 2021 Across the Geo-political Landscape: Chinese Women Intellectuals’ Political
    [Show full text]
  • Heretics of China. the Psychology of Mao and Deng
    HERETICS OF CHINA HERETICS OF CHINA THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MAO AND DENG NABIL ALSABAH URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:473-opus4-445061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20378/irbo-44506 Copyright © 2019 by Nabil Alsabah Cover design by Katrin Krause Cover illustration by Daiquiri/Shutterstock.com All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the author, except for the use of brief quotations in a book review. ISBN: 978-1-69157-995-2 Created with Vellum During his years in power, Mao Zedong initiated three policies which could be described as radical departures from Soviet and Chinese Communist practice: the Hundred Flowers of 1956-1957, the Great Leap Forward 1958-1960, and the Cultural Revolution of 1966-1976. Each was a disaster: the first for the intellectuals, the second for the people, the third for the Party, all three for the country. — RODERICK MACFARQUHAR, THE SECRET SPEECHES OF CHAIRMAN MAO In many ways, [Deng Xiaoping’s] reputation is underestimated: while Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev oversaw the peaceful end of Soviet communist rule and the dismembering of the Soviet empire, he had wanted to keep the Soviet Union in place and reform it. Instead it fell apart; communism lost power—and Russia endured a decade of instability […]. Perhaps the most influential political titan of the late 20th century, Deng succeeded in guiding China towards his vision where his fellow communist leaders failed. — SIMON SEBAG MONTEFIORE, TITANS OF HISTORY CONTENTS Introduction ix 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Confucianism, "Cultural Tradition" and Official Discourses in China at the Start of the New Century
    China Perspectives 2007/3 | 2007 Creating a Harmonious Society Confucianism, "cultural tradition" and official discourses in China at the start of the new century Sébastien Billioud Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2033 DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.2033 ISSN : 1996-4617 Éditeur Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Édition imprimée Date de publication : 15 septembre 2007 ISSN : 2070-3449 Référence électronique Sébastien Billioud, « Confucianism, "cultural tradition" and official discourses in China at the start of the new century », China Perspectives [En ligne], 2007/3 | 2007, mis en ligne le 01 septembre 2010, consulté le 14 novembre 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2033 ; DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.2033 © All rights reserved Special feature s e v Confucianism, “Cultural i a t c n i e Tradition,” and Official h p s c r Discourse in China at the e p Start of the New Century SÉBASTIEN BILLIOUD This article explores the reference to traditional culture and Confucianism in official discourses at the start of the new century. It shows the complexity and the ambiguity of the phenomenon and attempts to analyze it within the broader framework of society’s evolving relation to culture. armony (hexie 和谐 ), the rule of virtue ( yi into allusions made in official discourse, we are interested de zhi guo 以德治国 ): for the last few years in another general and imprecise category: cultural tradi - Hthe consonance suggested by slogans and tion ( wenhua chuantong ) or traditional cul - 文化传统 themes mobilised by China’s leadership has led to spec - ture ( chuantong wenhua 传统文化 ). ((1) However, we ulation concerning their relationship to Confucianism or, are excluding from the domain of this study the entire as - more generally, to China’s classical cultural tradition.
    [Show full text]
  • Vice President's Meeting with People's Republic of China Vice Premier
    W':' S C1 i NG'ON <!fOP ::!f!C~ / SENSITIVE / EYES ONLY MEMO~~DUM OF CONVERSA~ION SUBJECT: S~~ary of the Vice President ' s Meeting with People's Republic of China Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping PARTICIPP.. NTS : Vice President Walter Mondale Leonard Woodcock, U.S. Ambassador to the People's Republic of China David Aaron, Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affa~rs Richard Moe, Chief of Staff to the Vice President Denis Clift, Assistant to the Vice President for National Security Affairs Richard Holbrooke, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affair Michel Oksenberg, St"_aff Member I NSC Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping Huang Hua, Minister of Foreign Affairs Chai Zemin, People's Republic of China Ambassador to the United States Zhang Wenjin, Deputy Foreign Minister Han Xu, Director of American Depar~~ent Wei Yongqing, Director of Protocol Ji Chaozhu, Deputy Director of American Depart.:nent DATE, TD1E August 28, 1979; 9:30 a.m. - 12:00 Noon k'lD PLACE: The Great Hall of the People, Beijing, People's Republic of China Vi=e Premier Deng: I heard your speech ;vas war:nly ;.;elcomed. Vice ?res:":ient ~oncale: I W2.S thril2.ed by t.he opportunity to spea2< at your great unive.r·sity anc. -='0 speak to the people. It was an unprecedented occasion, and I t.hank you for that. cpport"..lni ty. DECLASSIFIED \E.O.12958, Sec.3.6 :~_R--I.~~__ NA~ ::T~31m;:J" ,TOP SECRET/SENSITIVE/ EYES ONLY 2 Vice Premier Deng: It was published in full in today ' s People's Daily.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript Pas been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissenation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from anytype of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely. event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material bad to beremoved, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with smalloverlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back ofthe book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell &Howell Information Company 300North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. MI48106-1346 USA 313!761-47oo 800:521·0600 THE LIN BIAO INCIDENT: A STUDY OF EXTRA-INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS IN THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY AUGUST 1995 By Qiu Jin Dissertation Committee: Stephen Uhalley, Jr., Chairperson Harry Lamley Sharon Minichiello John Stephan Roger Ames UMI Number: 9604163 OMI Microform 9604163 Copyright 1995, by OMI Company.
    [Show full text]
  • The Darkest Red Corner Matthew James Brazil
    The Darkest Red Corner Chinese Communist Intelligence and Its Place in the Party, 1926-1945 Matthew James Brazil A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Doctor of Philosophy Department of Government and International Relations Business School University of Sydney 17 December 2012 Statement of Originality This is to certify that to the best of my knowledge, the content of this thesis is my own work. This thesis has not been submitted previously, either in its entirety or substantially, for a higher degree or qualifications at any other university or institute of higher learning. I certify that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work and that all the assistance received in preparing this thesis and sources has been acknowledged. Matthew James Brazil i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Before and during this project I met a number of people who, directly or otherwise, encouraged my belief that Chinese Communist intelligence was not too difficult a subject for academic study. Michael Dutton and Scot Tanner provided invaluable direction at the very beginning. James Mulvenon requires special thanks for regular encouragement over the years and generosity with his time, guidance, and library. Richard Corsa, Monte Bullard, Tom Andrukonis, Robert W. Rice, Bill Weinstein, Roderick MacFarquhar, the late Frank Holober, Dave Small, Moray Taylor Smith, David Shambaugh, Steven Wadley, Roger Faligot, Jean Hung and the staff at the Universities Service Centre in Hong Kong, and the kind personnel at the KMT Archives in Taipei are the others who can be named. Three former US diplomats cannot, though their generosity helped my understanding of links between modern PRC intelligence operations and those before 1949.
    [Show full text]