39758 EXTENSIONS OF REMARI(S December 5, 1973 By Mrs. GREEN of Oregon (for her­ PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS PETITIONS~ ETC. self, Mr. SxsK, Mr. LoNG 'of Louisi­ ana, Mr. GIAIMO, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions ROSTENKOWSKI, Mr. MINISH, Mr'. bills and resolutions were introduced and and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk ANNUNZIO, Mrs. GRASSO, Mr. PRICE severally referred as follows: of IlllnoiS. and Mr. CAREY o! New and referred as follows: York): By Mr.SISK: H.R. 11815. A bill for the relief of Masonic 370. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the. H. Res. 'T36. Resolution to authorize the American Folklore Society, Minneapolis, House Administration Committee to produce liomes of California. a nonprofit corporation; Minn., relative to the American Folklore a. film on how the Congress really works; to to the Committee on Agriculture. Preservation Act, to the Committee on t he Committee on Rules. · · By Mr. SYMMS~ By Mr.HAYS: House Administration. H . Res. 737. Resolution to authorize certain H.R. 11816. A blll for the relief of Brandy­ investigations and studies by the Commit­ wine-Mam·· Line Radio, Inc-., WXUR, and 371. Also~ petition of the city council, tee on House- Administration; to the Com­ WXUR-FM. Media, Pa.; to the Committee Englewood, N.J., relative to amnesty; to mittee- on Rules. on the Judicl.a:ry. the Committee on the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

VETERANS. BENEFITS-A PERSONAL America the Land of the Free? What is free Ben-Gurion was a remarkable, and VIEW sir_ Nobody knows what is. free not- even oftentimes, controversial :figure, particu­ the sunshine It comes and goes some day larly during his tenure as Prime Min­ it will stay but it wiI1 never happen in our ister. His decisions were often soundly HON. JOSEPH P ADDABBO times, sir. This iS why I run writing to you hoping criticized, but history turned out to be Oli' NEW: YORK that all the Congress will look to us and on Ben-Gurion's side, as. the fruits of his IN THE HOUSE' OF REPRESENTATIVES help the Veterans of. World War I. We. are labors are demonstrated by the strength Tuesday, December 4, 1973 too old to work but we cannot go to work and the Israel nation today_ if we could.. can we, sir. Get help some way Even after his retirement Ben-Gurion's Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, as Mem­ there sure, a.re a. lot of veterans need that love of and service to the Israel people bers of the House we introduce, review, help now. Sir, thank you and all the Congress did not end. His advice was sought out and vote upon many bills affecting the for whatever they can do to help us. And by his successors, and his views and veteran. During this process we receive we are sure the veterans that pray will always pr ay for you alL Happy Thanksgiving to you thoughts continued to guide Israel right position papers and proposals for legis­ an. up until his death. lation from veterans organizations and Mic.HAEL and ANN CONNOLLY. Yet for Ben-Gurion the mast recent communications from many veterans. Middle East war was particularly ago­ Recently I received a letter which ex­ nizing. For a man who had dedicated his presses the viewpoint. of the veteran so WORLD BIDS FAREWELL TO GREAT Iife to the reestablishment of a home for clearly and convincingly that r want to STATESMAN the Jewish people, he saw the bitter; share it with my colleagues. struggles between the Arabs and the Is­ Accordingly r am placmg in the REc­ HON. MARIO BIAGGI raelites as a grave threat to the survival oRD at this point the text of a letter from of the Israel he helped create. Mr. and Mrs. Michael Connolly: OF NEW YOBK David Ben-Gurion is not likely to be WIN'l'ER PARK, FLA .., Novembe-,, 20, 1973. IN THE' HOUSE' OF REPRESENTATIVES forgotten. His unmistakable crop of CONGRESS OF THE. UNl'l'ED STATES. Tu.es.day~ December 4..., 1973 shocking white hair made him an easily DEAR. Sm: Just a. line to say hello and' hope you and all the- family m:e well. Thank. Mr. BIAGGL Mr. Speaker, yesterday recognizable world :figure. Yet more im­ the Good Lord and hiS Blessed Mothe:r for the world bid farewell to one of its fore­ portantly, it will be the remarkable 1t. As we also pray for you all a.nd. hope you most statesmen and leaders, David Ben­ achievements of his life which will be all s.tay well here we go a.gain another year Gurion. the beloved founder, and dis­ remembered. The nation of Israel stands 1.973, in short it will pass us a.11 by. tinguished former leader of Israel, who as a living testimonial to this. great man. Sir, the World Wa.r I. vets sure are hoping Yet the world could build a further that tl:i.a.t unrestricted bill passes so that. the­ died on Saturday at the age of 87. The histoi:y of Jewish people for over· testimonial for Ben-Gurion based on the World WaE I. veterans will not. lose any of bringin~ about of a true and durable their pension. What a shame the veterans o! 2,000 years was marked with the hope World War I got only $15.00. to $30.00 a for nationhood. These years produced peace in the Middle East, so that the · month. Now, without a war when you join many great men, like Theodor Herzl and people he loved and served for so many the service you get about $300.00 a. month. Chaim Weizmann. Yet, it was the man years can at long last live in peace. God Bless them a.ll now~ with the lifelong messianic conviction Everyone can see what a. servie:eman life for Jewish statehood, David Ben-Gurion, iS worth but how a.bout servicemen when they are old, over 75 years and can not get who made this dream a reality. On May THE RECENT 55TII ANNIVERSARY ahy help. What happens when the Socia.I 14, 1948, Ben-Gurion proclaimed the ex­ OF LATVIAN INDEPENDENCE Security gives a.n increase to help you live istence. of IsraeI and in the book "Ben­ a.nd the increase we got' everyone worked Gurion Looks Back" offered this obser­ for the increase the way Doctors and Hospital vation. on this monumental day: HON. JOHN J. ROONEY a.nd medicine cost. And when the Veterans' For centuries we- had been like flowers in OF NEW YOltK Administration took away $13.56 from my a. wood, some plucked by friendly hands, · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pension they took away lots ofmy medicine-. given water and nurtured, others trampled Tuesaay~ 1973 I have to take less pil~ now because I can underfoot and crushed. At no time could we December 4¥ not pay for all I am supposed to take. It be ourselves-,. enjoy independence~ with the Mr. ROONEY of.New York. Mr. Speak­ cost $10.00 for a trip to the doctor and $6.00 · freedom to live a. normal national life on er, to live in a free society is, all too for diabetic blood test. I cannot pay that our own soil making the dec.isions. a.fl'ecting often, to · take for granted those basic much every month or two when I am suf>- · our destiny_ Now the. hour had struck we posed to go back to the- doctor. r pay $4.00 · we.re mete.pendent once more. freedoms with which we Americans are for pills :rmr 50. !'take I a day. blessed. The ability to speak one's mind, It cost m~ $4.00 Cor pilis for my heart. Yet Ben-Gurion's contributions to the to Iive one's life as. one chooses and How much do r have- left that is th~ way Jewish people did not end with the crea- · where one chooses is assumed by most of us old veterans rnust" try to live. What a. tion of Israel. Ben-Gurion was elected as. us to be a. right. We as a nation have had 11.!e that: 1s why an the veterans we talk to tlle fiTst Prime Minister of Israel. He the good and providential fortune to will say the same thing. Why can't. we ge.t steered Israel through a se1ies of adver­ always have that right. an u:nrestrle:ted bill. it sure. will help. Sir. v,re. all do xwt. have. to tell our Congress- or sities which were to plague her in the However, there are those, in the world. Sen.a..te a.bou\ this.. It sure. d.oes hurt when • early years of her existence, yet by the I am sorry to say, who have denied these you think back when. foR $15.00 and $.30.00 . time that he retired in 1963~ .tlle sover­ basic rights to their fellowman and in­ w~ were ready to give up our lives. Well eign nation of · 1srael was firmly estab­ stead · ha,ve subjugated him in an at­ as they say it is our country. God Bless our lished. tempt to destroy him and his nation, as December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39759 well as his freedom. Such oppression and House of Representatives as it is an ex­ Let me point out that while re-zoning can­ ample of the problems which arise in any not be the panacea that many would like it brutality has been perpetrated in Lat­ to be, it is nonetheless in this case the tool via by the Godless red Communist Soviet urban community: which gives stability to a unique neighbor­ Union since June 1940. STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN WALTER E. hood. North Dupont is an area. which we Before that time, dating back to No­ FAUNTROY IN SUPPORT OF THE PROPOSAL BY should all want to preserve. It is racially and vember 18, 1918, the Latvian people along THE ZONING COMMISSION TO REZONE CER­ economically integrated. It has been built by with the Estonians and the Lithuanians, TAIN AREAS NORTH OF DUPONT CmcLE BE­ the residents and it is the residents who, FORE THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA ZONING themselves, want to maintain this "nation­ had established their independence and COMMISSION, NOVEMBER 28, 1973. their nationhood. Though they were in-a-microcosm," if you will. For this rea­ Mr. Chairman, I am most plea.sed to have son, if none other, we should abide the small states, they were free and they this opportunity to speak in support of the decisions of these good people. prospered. Zoning Commission's proposal to re-zone To deny the re-zoning will be to invite What led to the tragic events of 1940 selected areas of the North Dupont Neighbor­ speculators into the-area who will drive out was one of the most odious of treaties. hood. the less wealthy, who will construct im­ That treaty was, of course, the Nazi-So­ The issue which confronts us today is one posing edifices for those who can afford to viet Communist nonaggression pact of which ultimately faces all citizens in the live in them, but who will .not ever relate to District of Columbia and, indeed, in every the community. Finally, a denial will make 1939. The red Soviet Union moved quick­ city in the United States. It is the issue of this neighborhood unlivable. Additional resi­ ly to consolidate its new power and in who is going to benefit from the planning dents cannot be contained in this area with­ the process crushed all three small Bal­ procedures in the city. Some of our most out substantial modification to the life style tic states. tragic mistakes in development in the past and the safety of those who now live there. What started then was a most cruel have resulted from the dominance of eco­ I urge this body to do what is right in this and systematic elimination of the cul­ nomic concerns, relating to apparent gains in city. Give these people a chance to develop ture and national identification of these tax revenue, over social and environmental a plan which is based upon the best ideas small freedom loving states. Persecution, factors. If the planning process is not molded which zoning laws are supposed to foster. around the living concerns of the people in If then, it is determined that a change is imprisonment, murder and deportation the neighborhoods, then we can only expect necessary, it can be made with the help of became the common lot of the peoples to be left with cities which are devoid o:f everyone-the owners, the residents, and the of these small countries. any spirit of community. planners. We have made too many mis­ Mr. Speaker, it is noteworthy, I feel, Zoning decisions are among the most takes before, the time is now for us to to underscore that the Latvian people, important of the planning tools and to the change. You can do it by voting to support along with the Hungarians and Poles, people North of Dupont Circle, the way in the re-zoning proposal. the Czechs and East Germans fought the which this tool is exercised will determine imposition of hated Communist rule and the shape of this thriving community. that only overwhelming military force The re-zoning, as best as I have been ab~ to determine, is not opposed by the Planning NATO: THE UNITED STATES AND caused these valiant, though oppressed, Commission even though it has urged a "go­ peoples to lose their freedom. slow" approach. This "go slow'.' approach, it WEST GERMANY · Thank God, the United States has would seem to.me, would be best served if the --.- ·· never recognized the forceful annexation Zoning Commission declined to permit cer­ of these Baltic states into the Soviet tain proposed building to go forward by re­ HON.-JOHN ·M. ASHBROOK -· Union. This steadfast policy gives some zoning the area immediately. This kind of ··OF OHIO decision can be reviewed later, if necessary; succor to all those oppressed peoples and, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRE~ENT~T~ES but, if the buildings are constructed, it can I am sure, reinforces the drive of all of never be changed _as · a practical matter. · Tuesday, December 4, 1973- them to attain national independence The action which I am urging you to take while at the same time discouraging the will not adversely affect existing structures Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, many Soviet policies of Russiflcation and ef­ that may not conform to the new zoning, Americans are attere.pting to reevaluate fective absorption of these small states but it will insure that the residents who have the real meaning of detente with the into the godless Soviet Union. worked to establish a life style of integrated Soviet Union and the status of our NATO Mr· Speaker, I applaud the efforts of socio and economic interest will not have alliance system as the smoke clears from the Latvians and all the peoples of the that interest destroyed for some short-run the fourth phase of Arab-Israeli hos­ world subjugated by the Communist So­ tax gains. tilities. Economic considerations are obviously im­ Although allegedly devoted to the viet Union to be free from the oppres­ portant, but they cannot totally govern zon­ sive yoke of communism and to establsh ing decisions. Indeed, the Zoning Commis­ Maintenance of peace through coopera­ free and representatives governments. sion's own documents seem to indicate that tion with the United States, the Soviet Because of that feeling, I consider it a economic interests should not be allowed to Union proceeded to covertly supply their privilege to join in honoring a nation dictate the zoning decisions. In this case, Arab allies with the means to launch to whom the meaning of freedom is clear economic interests are but one small portion aggressive warfare and then promptly and to honor the Latvian people who of the total inputs that compose intelligent provided additional material and vigor­ valiantly mark the days until they can zoning decisions. ous verbal encouragement to Egyptian enjoy that freedom once again. Building owners do not have an unfettered and Syrian armies ::>nee the war began. right to dictate what they will do to a neigh­ In contrast, the United States found that borhood; that right belongs to the people who live there. Before ·speculators should be their efforts to res~pply the beleaguered granted permits or be allowed to otherwise Israeli forces were hindered by the ac­ SPEECH BEFORE DISTRICT OF CO­ substantially alter the character of a neigh­ tions of our allies in Europe. In particu­ LUMBIA ZONING COMMISSION borhood, they should be required to show lar, West Germany, where most of our that they have consulted with the neigh­ supply depots and two-thirds of our borhood and justified their plans. I am sug­ troops based in Europe are located, took HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY gesting that the feelings and beliefs of the the leadership in opposing our efforts to people must be considered and given more OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA thwart the Soviet thrust into the than cursory notice. strategically vital Middle East. In order IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The confusion that exists throughout this Tuesday, December 4, 1973 city over what plans or types of planning to grasp the seemingly strange reaction ought to be implemented cim be cured only of the German Government one needs an Mr FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, I have when the comprehensive master plan and its understanding of the general policy of long been concerned with the short- and subsidiary neighborhood plans have been Ostpolitik that Chancellor Willy Brandt long-range effects of urban planning and set down. Towards this end, the citizens in has been pursuing the last few years. zoning. I am also a strong believer of the North Dupont have started to compose their This policy of Brandt and its dangerous right of people to become involved in the own plan. They have determined that they implications for the Western world were decisions in urban planning that affect will have a. viable and intelligently written clearly delineated by Dr. Franz Josef their lives. concept of their neighborhood upon which decisions can be made for the future. Strauss, the leader of the Christian Recently, I have had the opportunity I suggest that this be done first before Socialist Union party in West Germany, to address myself to this issue as it af­ we tinker with the lives and fortunes of our in a recent visit to the United States. The fects the citizens of the District of Co­ citizens through haphazard zoning or main thrust of Strauss' remarks and the lumbia. I would like to convey my inter­ through out-~f-date zoning which is the drift of Brandt's foreign policy have been ..f~st in this issue to my colleagues· in the immediate issue before you today. covered in a very. illuminating al'ticle- by ' 39760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 Peter Hughes in the Indianapolis News. Brandt's Ostpolitik, the architect.. of which Bob Hancik has asked me to discuss with The article follows: ls Brandt's Special Minister, Egon Bahr. you the matter of additional and improved [From the Indianapolis (Ind.) News, Hahn had conducted an interview With air carrier service for this community. No,,, 16, 1973] Bahr in 1969, during which Bahr outlined In doing so, it ls absolutely necessary to his ideas tor future German policy. In retro.­ consider both the recent. mid-east crisis and DANGER SIGNALS IN GERMANY spect, thes.e ideas are notable because they the obliquely related fuel crisis-. (By Peter Hughes) are being translated into policy UDder the Although only 6 % of the total U.S. con­ EDrrOR's NOTE.-The author is a Ph.D. can­ Brandt government. This includes: the signing sumption of petroleum is. from the mid-east, didate in international relations in the na­ of the renunciation oi force treaty, the de 20% of that amount is imported by this tion's capital. jure recognition of the two Germanies. the country in the form or Jet fuel. W.isHINGTON.-Dr. Franz Josef Strauss, formal acceptance of the Soviet control over Indeed, fuel ls the single factor which, the leader of West Germany's opposition par­ Eastern Europe. and the withdrawal of troops more than any other in my opinion, will de­ ty, the Christian Socialist Union (CSU), re­ from both sides of the European alliance termine this community's air service pattern cently paid an informal visit to the United systems. probably fol' s.ome time to come. States. A member of the German Bundestag Since all of these goals have been accom­ All transportation consumes 22% of the (Parliament} since 1948, Strauss has held a plished, or are in the process of being ac­ total energy output of this country. Yet, number of major positions in the German complished, g:rave concern is being increas­ only 25% of it is utilized as propulsion; the government, among them minister of finance ingly voiced by German opposition party other 75 % is wast e in the form of heat. and defense minister. officials that the next logical step in the So, eliminating colossal inefficiencies in Strauss' visit to the nations' caiptal, dur­ Wehn-er-Bahr policy will be the dissolution energy use could help-. For example: Pilot ing which time he met with leading congres­ of the NATO alliance. This fear ls compound­ flames account for nearly half the gas used sional figures and their staff assistants.. as ed by the fact that Brandt was unable to annually by the average kitchen range; a. well as key adminis.tration officials, includ­ solicit Wehner to retract (or modify} his 747 burns in excess of one ton of fuel in ing Secretary of State Kissinger, and Secre­ Moscow statement, even after popular oppo.. taxing from gate to threshold; and the En­ tary of Defense Schlessinger-, came at a time sition to his position became evident. vironmental Protection Agency claims that when a political storm in West Germany had a 1000 pound reduction in the weight of erupted. automobiles would save 2.1 million barrels The potential turmoil in West Germany of crude oil per day or, more than the ca­ was the result. of a visit to Moscow this past ENERGY CRISIS AND AVIATION pacity of the proposed' Alaska pipeline. October by Herbert Wehnel·, the parliamen­ Moreover, the air transportation industry, tary leader of the governing Social Demo­ as a predominant intercity carrier, consumes cratic pa.rty. only about 4% of the total u.a petroleum During this visit, Wehner had set off a HON. GENE TAYLOR supply. trial balloon by arguing that his (Bonn) OF ll!USSOUBI Yet there ls a smaller supply of Jet fuel government had "pushed too hard" for con­ IN THE HOUSR OF REPRESENTATIVES available today than there was three years cessions from the Soviet Union ill its 1971 ago because of increased demands in othe? agreement on West. Berlin. (This agreement Tuesday, December 4, 1973 areas. supposedly gave the West German govern­ Mr. TAYLOR of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, Jet fuel comes from the so-called "middle ment the "tormalu right to represent the recently Mr. James Kolstad, Director of of the barrel." This ls the distillate that ts residents of West Berlin.) Congressional Relations of the Civil easily transform.able into heating oil, diesel, The agreement was considered necessary :fuel, kerosene and Jet fuel. because the Soviet Union has consistently Aeronautics Board, delivered an c.ddress Because of the growing demand for gaso­ avoided any formal recognition of West Ber­ to the Springfield, Mo., Rotary Club. line though, refiners have reduced t.heir yield lin's ties. to West Germany. West Berlin's With the effect that the energy crisis is of the middle distillate to provide a greater status was also tenuous because the East having on aviation today, I think that output of gasoline. German govei:nment, carefully controlled Mr. Kolstad's remarks are timely and en­ The emergency nature of the: shortages from Moscow, has made East Berlin its capi­ lightening. result.ed in the White House announcement tal and it has always claimed to be the legal So that my colleagues may have the of a mandatory middle distillate fuel plan heir to West Berlin. beginning November 1 which includes Jet opportunity to review Mr. Kolstad's and turbine engine fuels. Berlin, as a result of the post World War in II Four Power .Agreement,. lies 100 miles statement.. I offer it at this point the The program limits all refiners, gas plant within the Soviet-occupied part of Germany, RECORD: operators, wholesalers, suppliers, and ter­ and ls divided into four sectors. These sectors REMARKS BY JAMES. L. KOLSTAD minal operators or any other person, firm, or are occupied by the Soviet Union (East Ber­ Thank you very much for the invitation corporation supplying or purchasing middle lin), the United States, Britain. and France to be with you today. distillates in bulk at the wholesale: level to (West Berlln}. Because of the city's geo­ For those of you who are unfamillar with the-amount per month actually supplied dur­ graphical vnlnerabllity, the Soviet Union has the role and responsibillties of the Civil ing the corresponding month of 1972-. It ls hoped this will satisfy a predicted consistently attempted to undermine West Aeronautics Boarwide open to Japanese products, giving CAB more authority for the duration requested by Chairman Timm is reflective Tokyo has placed quotas and severe im­ of the energy emergency. Specifically we may of this view, and it is hoped, will be com­ port levies on competitive products from be able to adjust a carrier's operating au­ pleted before the end of next month. here. The result, according to Mr. Jones, thority either by limiting the level of opera­ The study will undertake to reveal not is that Japanese treasuries hold $17 bil· tion, altering the points served, shorten the only what route authorities a.re not now and distance traveled, and adjusting rate have never been used, but what routes are lion in stocked up U.S. dollars and these schedules. being underused, and what the system should now are being cashed in for U.S. prop­ Another kind of hardship, even more diffi­ look like five and ten years down the road. erties, making the new point that money cult to resolve, involves the furloughing of The results of this study could mean peti­ conquers even more effectively than do aircraft crews and station personnel. tions for more route swaps and could truly guns. The entire issue is still shrouded in some reveal some badly needed route authority. Could any of us have imagined, a gen­ confusion and chaos but a few things are What the future holds, I do not know. I eration ago, that a time could come when clear: The problem is severe; do know that other cities have progressed parts of our country would be bought There are going to be some difficult adjust­ from Springfield's present size as a traffic ments for the public, the communities, and generator to become major hub points. with our own dollars in the hands of the carriers; and the fuel shortfall, in my But, it is for you who live and work in this others, to say nothing of the intruders view, is not going to be satisfied in the near area to develop the traffic that will be neces­ being the onetime foes we conquered? Of future. sary to sustain an ever-increasing pattern of course not. And yet this has come about. The point ls simply this: It would be in­ service that you desire. Hundreds of our people are awakening appropriate, under this present-day situa­ In the meantime I look forward to work­ each day to find themselves employees of tion, to consider additional frequencies, car­ ing together with Springfield on today's and the Japanese, many of these Americans riers, and route authority for Springfield or tomorrow's problems. any other city when other communities with Thank you. undoubtedly veterans of that war our less service are being asked to accept service Nation was supposed to have won. And reductions. the Japanese are not the only invaders. The average load factor on Ozark's Spring­ Europeans, too, are here with dollars field fl.lghts is 49.4%. On Delta's it is 49.0%. THE NEW INVADERS either hoarded from our giveaways or In this environment the solution to acquired in other ways. Springfield's air service desires, I believe, de­ I feel, Mr. Speaker, that despite the pends totally on greater utilization of the HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS existing service, both during and following other crises which torment us, this in­ the fuel crisis. OF PENNSYLVANIA vasion of the Japanese and European While the airline industry is regulated, it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES investors must command attention. Al­ ls essentially a free enterprise and no differ­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 though the balance of payments rePort­ ent from any other business, large or small. edly has turned back in our favor, at Stockholders have a right to expect man­ Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, little did least temporarily, we still have those agement to protect their investments and we think 28 yea1·s ago, as the Japanese piled up dollars abroad to contend with pay them a fair rate on the money they have capitulated in World War II, that the and our country to protect from them. invested. time would come when this erstwhile To the degree this is not accomplished in Legislation is badly needed in this :field. any business enterprise, it becomes unat­ enemy would mount a multibillion-dollar tractive to the investor and the financial invasion of our own homeland. lending community. And yet, this now is occurring-not in Generally speaking then, airline service is one fell swoop, but in a series of shrewd THE FIRST ENERGY MESSAGE TO a function of traffic. The basic equation ls financial moves that have taken over CONGRESS WAS FDR'S that if traffic is sufficiently strong to war­ more and more of our businesses and rant economic service, one or more carriers their markets, and valuable lands, and Will be ready, willing and able to provide lt. recreational facilities across the Nation. They will seek certlflcation by filing appli­ HON. DAVID R. OBEY cations for new authority. They will enlist The greatest thrust of this invasion so OF WISCONSIN the support of civic interests, and they will far, as Jack Jones reported the other day IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES press the Board to hear their applications or in the Pittsburgh Press, is on our west institute investigations. coast. I quote from his report: Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Traffic, both present and future, will de- Investments (by the Japanese) range from Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, it may be of termine the attitude of the Board and the industrial land and new manufacturing and historical interest to note that President carriers, because traffic is the measure of distribution centers to timberland in Wash­ Roosevelt sent an energy message to Con­ whether service can be provided economical- ington, garden apartment complexes in San ly. Or stated another way, it must generate Diego and Orange counties, major hotels in gress on February 15, 1939. revenues to cover the cost of operation plus Los Angeles and San Francisco, golf courses His message, accompanying a lengthy a reasonable profit. and country clubs, housing projects and race report on energy which the National Re­ The future of air transportation at Spring- horses. sources Committee prepared at his be­ field ls certainly not bleak, though. Mr. Jones filed his dispatch from Los hest, included this prophetic observation: Springfield's Air traffic has grown from It is difficult in the long run to env:lsage about 48,000 passengers enplaned in 1965 to Angeles. a national coal policy, or a national petro­ almost 103,000 in 1972, for an annual growth But the west coast story is not all of leum policy, or a national water-power policy rate of approximately 8% which ls about the it by any means. Japanese investments in without also in time a national policy di­ national average. the United States have leaped up by 40 rected toward all of these energy producers­ To the extent tha.t the Springfield com- percent in the last 2 years and, from a that ls, a national energy resources policy. munity can utilize the existing service to standing start now are estimated at Such a broader and integrated polic~ toward achieve higher load factors then one or both b: · d thi the problems of coal, petroleum, natural gas, of the carriers will have the incentive to ex- . more th~n $1 il_lion. U~ess checke , s · and water power cannot be evolved overnight. pa.n.d and develop their services out of and figure Will contmue to soar because, as 1nto. Sprtngfteld. writer Jones points out-- Indeed, three wars and 35 years later, More efficient utilization by the commu- Evidence of Japanese enthusiasm for U.S. we still have not evolved a national nity, then, is the key. properties is everywhere. energy policy. 39762 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 Mr. Speaker, a reading of President as well as full consideration for both regional other interested agencies of the Government. Roosevelt's energy message suggests that and group interests. It includes supporting papers by specialists Some Federal legislation affecting the en• from both inside and outside the Govern­ it should be regarded as more than a ergy resources will expire at the end of thts ment, assembled and summarized by a staff footnote to history, and I include it in fiscal year, other legislation at the end of a under the direction of Dr. Ralph J. Watkins. the RECORD at this point, along with a few more years. This report sets forth a. use­ The findings and recommendations, 1n · roster of the National Resources Com­ ful frame of reference for legislative pro.. which we concur, point the way to a national mittee and a list of those who helped grams affecting these resources and illus­ policy for the prudent conservation and wise prepare the report, and the letter of trates another approach to the systematic use of our energy resources. transmittal from Interior Secretary Har­ husbandry of our natural resources. Specific Sincerely yours, old L. Ickes, Chairman of the Committee. recommendations are advanced for solution HAROLD L. ICKES, 'l'he bound volume from which these of the most pressing problems. Secretary of the Interior, Chairman. In order to facllitate its use by the Con­ ADDITIONAL SIGNATURES materials were. taken is available from gress, I recommend that this report be print­ the Library of Congress. ed together with the supporting staff re­ Harry H. Woodring, Secretary of War. The material follows: ports and illustrations, when these are avail­ H. A. Wallace, Secretary of Agriculture. able in final form, in conformity with similar Harry L. Hopkins, Secretary of Commerce. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor. · To the Congress of the United States: . reports prepared by the National Resources Conuµittee. F. C. Harrington, Works Progress Admin­ In accordance with my request of March 15, FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, . istrator. 1938, the National Resources Committee, in THE WHITE HOUSE, February 15, 1939. Frederic A. Delano, Charles E. Merriam, consultation with the other Federal agencies Beardsley Ruml, Henry S. Dennison. concerned, has prepared a. comprehensive NATIONAL RESOURCES COMMI'ITEE study of our energy resources, which I pre­ sent herewith for your consideration. Harold L. Ickes, Chairman, Secretary of This report represents the joint effort of the Interior. PLATTDUETSCHE OLD FOLKS HOME many specialists both within and outside the Frederic A. Delano, Vice Chairman. SOCIETY Federal Government. It suggests policies, in­ Harry L. Hopkins, Secretary of Commerce. vestigations, and legislation necessary to Harry H. Woodring, Secretary of War. carry forward a. broad national program for Francis C. Harrington, Works Progress HON. JOHN W. WYDLER the prudent utilization and conservation of Administrator. OF NEW YORK the Nation's energy reEources. Charles E. Merriam. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Our resources of coal, oil, gas, and water Henry A. Wallace, Secretary of Agriculture. power provide the energy to turn the wheels Frances Perkins,, Secretary of Labor. Tuesday, December 4, 1973 of industry, to service our homes, and to ADVISORY COMMITl'EE Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, I recently a.id in national defense. We now use more Frederic A. Dela.no, Chairman. had the honor of presenting a flag of our energy per capita. than any other people, and Charles E. Merriam, Henry S. Dennison, our scientists tell us there will be a. progres­ country at the building dedication and Beardsley Ruml. anniversary C:inner of the Plattduetsche sively increasing demand for energy for all STAFF purposes. Old Folks' Home Society. The people in Our energy resources are not inexhaustible, Charles W. Eliot, 2d, Executive Officer. attendance rose after the presentation to · yet we are permitting waste in their use and Harold Merrill, Assistant Executive Officer. join in the singing of "God Bless Amer­ production. In some instances, to achieve ENERGY RESOURCES COMMITTEE ica." This fine group of Americans sup­ apparent economies today future generations will be forced to carry tl:Ul burden of unnec­ Ralph J. Watkins, Chairman. port the old folks' home as a private insti­ essarily high costs and to su1;>stitute inf~rior Ca.pt. F. A. Daublin, U.S.N., Charles W. tution without Federal help. I wish to fuels for particular purposes. National pol­ Eliot-, 2d,, A. C. Fieldner, John W. Frey, Roger compliment each and every one of them icies concerning these vita.I resources must B. McWhorter, W. c. Mendenhall, Col. H.K. for the part they have played in mak­ recognize the availabllity of all of them; the Rutherford, U.S.A., Fred G. Tryon, Joel D. Wolfsohn. ing the Plattduetsche Old Folks' Home location of each with respect to its markets; one of the finest in the country. the costs of transporting them; the tech­ Robert W. Hartley, Secretary. nological developments which will increase My good friend Theodore Gloisten has RESEARCH STAFF written a most interesting history of the the efficiency of their production and use; Ralph J. Watkins, Director. the use of the lower grade coals; and the re­ Wilbert G. Fritz. Glenn E. McLaughlin, old folks' home and I am setting it forth lationships between the increased use of J.P. Watson. for the benefit of my colleagues in the energy and the general economic develop­ SPECIAL CONTRmUTORS Congress: ment of the country. PLATTDUETSCHE OLD FOLKS HOME SOCIETY In the past the Federal Government and George H. Ashley, R. A. Cattell, C.H. Dane, the States have undertaken various measures H. C. Dickinson, Arno C. Fieldner, H. C. (History by Theodore Gloisten) to conserve our heritage in these resources. Fowler, John W. Frey. It was in 1910 that two delegates, Chris Ell­ In genera.I, however, each of these efforts has T. A. Hendricks, Paul L. Hopper, P. Burke mers and Wilhelm Neumann, presented to been directed toward the problems in a single Jacobs, A. J. Kraemer. Lewis L. Lorwin, H. the Pla.ttduetsche Volksfest Verein, the idea field: Toward the protection of the public D. Miser. of building a home for the old folks who interest in the power of flowing water in the Leland Olds, Ralph W. Richards, G. B. could no longer stay by themselves and main­ Nation's rivers; toward the relief of economic Richardson, Fred G. Tryon, A. G. White, tain a household. The idea was enthusiastic­ and human distress in the mining of coal; or Arthur Wubnig, H.F. Yancey. ally adopted, and a committee appointed to toward the correction of demoralizing and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS develop plans. . wasteful practices and conditions in the in­ In 1913, the charitable organization of the dustries producing on and natural gas. It is Grateful acknowledgement is made of the "Plattduetsche Altenheim Gesellschaft von time now to take a larger view: To recog­ cooperation and assistance of the special Brooklyn und Umgegend" was started with nize-more fully than has been possible or contributors named above and of the several Henry C. Bohack as President. On January 28, perhaps needful in the past-that each of Federal bureaus and agencies concerned with 1915, Martin H. Renken was elected the sec­ our great natural resources of energy affects the energy resources, especially the staffs of onct President. the others. the Bureau of Mines, Geological Survey. and Although these were war years, the plan­ It is difficult in the long run to envisage Petroleum Conservation Division of the De­ ning and programming never stopped. After a national coal policy, or a national petro­ partment of the Interior; the Federal Power this group was incorporated under the laws leum policy, or a national water-power policy Commission; and the National Bituminous c' the State of New York in 1913, the "Platt­ without also in time a national policy di­ Coal Commission. duetsche Frauen Vereln" organized the rected toward all of these energy producers­ "Darnen Hllfs-Verein" (Ladies Aid Society) that is, a national energy resources policy. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL in 1915. The first President wa.s Henrietta such a broader and integrated policy toward NATIONAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE, von Hoden, and right from the start these the problems of coal, petroleum, natural gas, Washington, D.O., January 28, 1939. ladies have always taken an active and im­ and water power cannot be evolved over­ Tho PRESIDENT, portant part in the support and successful night. The White House. expansion of the "Altenhelm". The widening interest and responsibility MY DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: We have the In these early yea.rs the first funds were on the part of the Federal Government for honor to transmit a report on the energy re­ gathered by a committee having a "Piano the conservation and wise use of the Nation's sources of the Nation with recommendations Kontest" which raised $2,800.00 for the build­ energy resources raises many perplexing for their prudent utilization and conserva­ ing fund. In 1913 the Bremervoeder Maener­ questions of policy determination. Clearly, tion in relation to each other and to the chor conducted a benefit in the Saengerbund there must be adequate and continuing plan­ national economic structure. Hall that added another $1,226.00. In 1916 ning and provision for studies which will re .. In accordance with your request, the report tre Volksfest Verein gave another $10,000.00. fleet the best technical experience available, has been prepared- in consultation with all and in that year under the wise guidance of December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39763 Martin H. Renken, a ten acre farm land was place in April 1972. A fund raising drive was serve energy on the Nation's highways-- purchased in Franklin Square for th_e pre.sen~ started with a successful dinne; on_ May 19, H.R. 11372. . site of our "Altenheim". In 1918 an· addi­ 1972, at which the Honorable Albert H. Bosch I voted against the legislation ·pro­ tional seven acres were purchased. was the speaker. President Busch appointed posed to conserve energy on the highways From 1917 through 1922 many benefit af­ a Building Fund Executive Committee, made fairs were arranged and included two more up of John mnrtchsen, Chairman, Theodore because it is not in the public interest. concerts by the Bremervoerder Maennerchor Gloisten, Vice Chairman, and John Pluschau, Trains of trucks in motion every hour with the New York Liederkra.nz Orchestra. A Financial Secretary. · of every day and every night have sus­ week long bazaar was sponsored by the It ls desirable to mention and recognize tained a national transportation system "Da.menhilfs-Verein" at Arcadia Hall, and in this. history the dependable service ren­ otherwise at the threshold of total col­ with the help of many other clubs including dered by Mr. & Mrs. Herbert Knieriem from lapse. Absent of the efficiency of the Lutheran Church groups, they raised $29,- 1955 to 1966 as Superintendents of the motor transport industry many Ameri­ 000.00 for the "Altenheim" building fund. Altenheim. After Herb passed away, Mrs. can families of the greater metropolitan Another bazaar in the Thirteenth Regiment Knieriem continued and was joined by Mr. Armory added $32,000.00 more. & Mrs. Henry Simonsen in 1966 as Super­ areas of this country would not have During these same years several churches intendents. After all these years of con­ milk, meat, potatoes, toast, or other es­ took special interest in this worthy project. tinuous work for the benefit of our guests, sential food for dinner tonight or for They included the "Deutsche Evang. Luth. Mrs. Knieriem decided early this year to re­ breakfast tomorrow morning. Zions Kirche" on Henry Street (Pastor .Krael­ serve a room for herself in the new wing I do not know of one single proprietory ing), the "Eva.ngellsch Lutherische Kirche" and enjoy the rest of her years in com­ interest in the motor-transport industry fortable retirement. on Jersey Avenue, Brooklyn and the "Ev. that is not interested in maximized econ­ Luth. St. Peter's Kirche" (Pastor Heisch­ The physical well being of our house guests has been for many years in the hands of omy of operation. mann). if Finally in 1922 the center part of the pres­ our physician, Dr. DeLassio. Dr. DeLassio was Now, the national policy is to redtice ent building was started, and completed the assisted by our Schwester Emma, whose un­ the consumption of energy per ton-mile following year at a cost of $100,000.00. The tiring services came to an end when she of cargo shipments, many alternatives home, with 28 guest rooms was opened, and was called to her reward in 1971. exist to substantially reduce the rate of The spiritual needs of our residents over r- 'rn filled with happy and contended old petroleum and petroleum products es­ all these years were filled by various Lutheran folks, most of whom had been active at some ministers. When our last Chaplain, Pastor sential to the energy required for trans­ time in the various Plattduetsche" organiza­ Vesper unexpectedly died this year, Pastor portation. tions. Theodore R. Baudler of the Zion Lutheran Examples of increased efficiency and During these early years of the "Home" Church on Henry Street, took over, and ls reduced energy requirements per ton/ there was often a waiting list of applicants, filling these needs o! our residents. and again with the well recorded leadership mile of cargo include: Increased axle The new west wing of the building ls made and encouragement of President Martin H. weight limits; increased two-way hauls; up of guest rooms with private baths and a. full load lots by monitored pooling; re­ Renken the east wing addition with 46 more separate living room is available on the sec­ rooms and an elevator was completed in ond and third floors. The manager's apart­ laxation of ICC restrictions; and uni­ 1930 at a cost of $100,000.00. ment, additional guest rooms and rooms for formity of national and State laws by The wonderful guiding spirit of Martin H. the nurses a.ids are on the first floor along intrastate and interstate regulatory Renken came to an end in 1934 and he was with a very large sun room and extended agencies. followed by "Onkel" Rudy Schumacher, who chapel. The basement provides new facilities There are many other policies that will worked ha.rd and with real wisdom to keep for all guests. They include a. hobby room, substantially increase efficiency of en­ the "Altenheim" opera.ting with its estab­ hair dressing parlor, library, recreation room, lished high standards. This was not easy dur­ ergy requirements essential to the motor­ and director's and manager's offices. There is transport inc1.ustry but I respectfully sub­ ing the depression and war years. also addi tiona.l storage space, and the Ladies When Rudolph Schumacher retired in Aid Society ls equipping a service kitchen in mit that a reduction in speed is far more 1948. Harry von Kampen was elected to take this area. The new elevator serves all levels, political than practical in any effort to over this great responsibility, and he served including an outside door where deliveries conserve energy required on a per ton/ with distinction and honor until 1954. can be loaded with mlnlmum handling. mile cargo shipment. For the first time an American born Presi­ A "Memorial Hall" to the new wing will It is likely a political advantage to ap­ dent was elected in 1954. Henry Renken, the have the Honor Roll and Memorial Plaques son of Martin H. Renken, is still remembered peal to patriotism in the shortrun but as well as three lighted directories listing Life I am convinced that patriotism is no so­ by many of us for his firm and serious in­ Members, contributors to the Gold Star $100. terest in the proper operation of the Club, and Life Members of the La.dies Aid lution to the petroleum problems of the Altenheim. His perfect Plattduetsch was used Society. future for America. a great deal at his meetings. One of his ac­ The entire new building is air conditioned The people of this great country know complishments was the addition of the sun and all the rooms are committed to appli­ that it was their tax dollars that built porch to the front of the east side of our cants with several more on the waiting llst an interstate highway system engineered. building at a cost of $40,000.00. again. This is evidence of the good guidance for speeds up to 100 miles per hour, that It is worthy to note that during Henry and continuous work the Altenheim has re­ it is their money that paid for motor ve­ Renken's administration he had a very active ceived from its Board of Directors, a.s well as first Vice President, Eugene Mayer, who un­ the loyal support of the many friends and hicles designed for modern highways and fortunately passed away in 1962. His work members, especially the Ladies Aid Society. other such investments required by the and interest in the Altenheim have been car­ In a very impressive ceremony, the Honor­ Clean Air Act-and that all are incon­ ried on every since by his very active wife, able John W. \Vydler, Congressman for the sistent with a national policy for the Anni Mayer. fourth district in this area, presented at the conservation of energy and maximized Large portrait paintings of the four past Dedication dinner a large American Flag tha,t economy of operation of motor-transport presidents are prominently displayed in the had been flown over the United States Capi­ vehicles on the public highways. Altenheim.. The Henry C. Bohs.ck framed tol. Energy is power and power in com­ painting was presented to the Altenheim. at The directors wish to express a most sincere the 50th Anniversary dinner by Robert H. C. and heartfelt thanks to all the sponsors and bustible engines is determined by revolu­ Bohack, a grand nephew. He is the Person­ contributors for their wonderful support. tions, per minute (r/min) plus gear ratio nel Director of the Bohack Corporation who With your continued interest, great spirit of of differentials and transmissions of made this possible. co-operation, and with God's blessings, we many variances in every motor vehicle on When Henry Renken decided to retire in look forward with confidence to completing the public highways. Motor transport 1967, Harry Busch was elected to this time in the near future the needed improvements equipment is operated e.gainst load fac­ consuming responsibility as President. In in the older sections of our Altenheim. his first annual report he indicated that tors by tachometers (r/min) rather than there was a need for improved and new speedometers (mi/h) and a required re­ facilities for our guests and those knocking PETROLEUM, POLITICS, duction in momentum must in the inter­ at our door. A building committee under the AND POWER est of performance be overcome by an leadership of John C. Ja.nnen until 1968 re­ automatic reduction in the gear ratio-­ viewed various plans, and finally it was de­ a shift of gears-to maintain essential cided to add a new west wing to the build­ HON. FRANK E. DENHOLM r/min to produce the requisite power to ing. In 1969 a larger building committee was OF SQUTB DAKOTA perpetuate motion at any speed. The re­ appointed, with Daniel L. Muller as Chair4 man. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sult of the legislation requested by the President and approved by the Congress Thanks to the years of co-operative efforts Tuesday. December 4, 1973 of the directors, the building comn:uttee, is to increase the necessary energy essen­ our superintendents and the· Lt!,dies ·Aid Mr. DENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I voted tial by increased time as the result of a Society, ground breaking ceremonies :took against the legislation proposed to con- loss of momentum in every ton/mile of 39764 :EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 cargo shipped on the highways of Amer­ we must face the realities. ':rhe best way febled United.States would get away with di­ ica. It is indeed interesting to note that to do that is to place our own interests rect sanctions against the oil states in the Ara.bi~n peninsul~. The Soviets, with their neither the President nor the Members first, especially in Panama, by retention ha.rd-bought na.va.~ superiority, would simply of Congress contemplated that the same of our un.diluted sovereignty . over the not stand for it. logic and wisdom extended to the con­ U.S.-owned Canal Zone. Whether because of ignorance or self-delu­ trolled speed of airplanes, ships, trains, The recent writing of two columnists sion, in short, these extremely able men have or other modes of transportation. Most reveal some of the concern on the part demonstrably ceased to live in the real world. of us scarcely realize that there is still of our Government in connection with They are not alone, however. This reporter more power in politics than there is in the U.S.S.R.-U.S. sea confrontation will bet 5-to-1 that just a.bout all who have bothered to read this far will be both shocked petroleum and particularly so if patriot­ during the 1973 Arab-Israel war. Both and shaken by the following facts. ism is the :flag of the carrier. of these columns follow: When the Soviets threatened military in.. [From the W~shington Post, Nov. 26, 1973] tervention in the Mideast, the Joint Chiefs FRIGHTENING FACTS of Staff were, of course, notified. The Presi­ · (By Joseph Alsop) dent warned the Soviets off, by putting pa.rt of SAC in the a.Ir and ordering his general ' AN UNTOLD STORY: 1973 U.S.- • The world we live in is no longer what it alert. If the Soviets had ignored the Presi- U.S.S.R. · SEA CONFRONTATION IN - seems. Or at lea.st, it is no longer what it . dent's warning, the U.S." Sixth Fleet in tlie THE MEDITERRANEAN seems to a large majority of thinking Ameri­ · Mediterranean would have been the first to . cans. This is probably the most dangerous feel the cruel shock. Thus the U.S. Navy's single feature of our current situation; and . general staff was duty bound to notify the HON. JOHN R. RARICK it was wonderfully vividly proven la.st wee!{. · President-and did so notify him-that the OF LOUISIANA To begin with, a group of seven eminent Sixth Fleet's marked inferiority would lead to Cambridge-based economists secured some IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES rapid defeat in case of a. fight. enjoyable publicity by announcing that the The grim, unpublished episode speaks Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Arab oil boycott ought to be countered with volumes, both a.bout President Nixon's cour­ U.S. sanctions. Secretary of State Henry A. age in a. serious crisis, but also about the de­ Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, during the Kissinger in fa.ct hopes to use diplomatic terioration of the American situation, all last 10 years, two developments of tran­ pressures to move the Arab oil producers, a.round the world. It speaks volumes a.bout scendent significance in world politics prior to the coming negotiations for an Arab­ changing Soviet attitudes, too, that the Sovi­ were the growth in strength of naval Israeli settlement. But the seven economists ets actually sent nuclear warheads to Egypt powers of the U.S.S.R. and the relative were thinking of more direct sanctions, like for a brief period at the same height of peril decrease in that of the United States. the cessation of food deliveries. in the Mideast. The chances are that the war­ Now this kind of direct sanctions, as even heads were actually sent. Today, Soviet naval units are on the Cambridge-based economists ought to know, These a.re frightening facts, from that real prowl in geographically advantageous must ultimately depend on military power. world in which most Americans have ceased parts of the world: the Indian Ocean, Without military power, there is nothing to live. Further reports on it will follow, if a Southeast Asia, the Caribbean basin, whatever the United States can do to make lull between more pressing horrors should both coasts of the United States, and the the Arab oil states either hungry or other­ permit. eastern Mediterranean Sea. In the latter, wise uncomfortable-which is why the Arabs the U.S.S.R. :fleet has a strength of more a.re so cocky. [From the Washington Star-News, . than 80 vessels in positions to attack the By a splendid stroke of irony, the U.S. Dec. 1, 1973] Navy's lonely little task force in the Indian UNITED STATES No LONGER RULES THE SEAS U.S. 6th Fleet in a decisive manner. Ocean turned t.a.il and steamed for home on Soviet presence on the strategic island almost the same day the Cambridge econ- (By Richard Wilson) of Malta gives the Red power the capa­ omists issued their statement. This task · What a.mounted to a U.S.-Soviet naval bility t-0 control the major access to the force, headed by the aircraft carrier Han- confrontation took place during the Mideast Suez Canal. cock, had been sent from the Pacific to the war, and its implications were not reassur­ Duiing the 1973 Amb-Israel war, Indian Ocean at the time of President Nixon's ing. The time has passed when the U.S. Navy world-wide military alert. ruled the seas. when the Soviets threatened interven­ The Hancock is so ancient that it was In the past 10 years the Soviet navy has tion in the Middle East, the United States about to be decommissioned and handed over been vastly expanded in a shipbuilding pro­ answered by ordering a general alert of to the ship-breakers when the order ca.me to gram exceeding the United States more than its Armed Forces. But that was not all. show the flag. By the time the Hancock and 3 to 1 and including an impressive array of Our Joint Chiefs of Staff notified the its few supporting vessels were called home missile-firing cruisers and subs. President that Soviet naval power in the from the Indian Ocean last week, the task The septuagenarian and acid-tongued ea.stern Mediterranean was sufficient to force was also quite literally surrounded by naval philosopher, Adm. Hyman Rickover, in Soviet guided missile cruisers of the most a table-pounding closed session of a House defeat U.S. naval power there. This grim modern type, vastly more powerful and dan- Appropriations subcommittee last June, de­ reality. well understood by experienced gerous than the Hancock. fined the problem. "I believe it is clear," he naval officers and students of world During the Yom Kippur war, the U.S. Navy said, "that the Soviets must believe it .1S strategy, sooner or later must be faced. also lost its parody of a naval base in the credible that there could be a United Sta.tes­ One of the ablest recent discussions of region of the Arabian peninsula--the slender Soviet confrontation at sea, because the So­ the current defense posture of the United facilities formerly available on the island of viets are pouring vast resources into a navy States is that by Adm. Hyman G. Rick­ Bahrein in the Persian Gulf. Meanwhile, the capable of challenging our navy at sea. Soviet Navy has a highly significant new "If they did not consider that to be cred­ over in June 19, 1973, testimony before na.val base, UMM Qasr at the head of ible, I can see no logical reason why they the House Committee on Appropriations the Persian Gulf, plus a most important would be building the particular fleet they on the Department of Defense Appro­ naval base with large supporting jet air- are building. There is no fleet other than priations Act for 1974. Other authorita­ fields in Somalila.nd, plus other useful fa.en.. ours in the world for the Soviets to chal- tive sources of information on recent itles in the Indian Ocean. lenge. · trends in naval powers are to be found These bases and other facilities permit the "If we a.re unable to provide naval support in the sprinc; and summer 1973 issues · Soviet Navy to keep a permanent force of five to overseas forces, then we are not able to of the Strategic Review, the elite quar­ important warships and 15 supporting vessels conduct overseas operations of any kind, by in the Indian Ocean, Red Sea and/or Persian the Army, Navy, or Air Force. Practically, terly magazine of the U.S. Strategic In­ Gulf, as the ships' orders may require. This we have no other way then to send our sup­ stitute of Washington, D.C. is done, moreover, at the end of a supply line plies by sea.. Therefore, I think the answer Mr. Speaker, I would invite attention 11,000 miles long. is that we must conclude it is credible and to the fact that at the same time as The reasons for this costly and difficult So- that certainly the Soviets themselves think the Middle East crisis, we are in the viet naval effort, finally, 1s quite certainly so- it is credible." midst of a crisis over the future of the viet . awareness of the over-whelming, even certainly they did. In unmistakable terms, Panama Canal, with elements in the terrifying strategic· importance of the Arab Soviet party boss Leonid Brezhnev informed executive branch bent on surrender of oil states. Hence one has to reach one of two President Nixon that if the United States u.s.-owned Canal Zone to Panama. conclusions abou·t the Cambridge-based would not join Russia in a joint Mideast the economists. Either they did not trouble to force, Russia might go in a.lone notwith.:. The situation in the Isthmus is not an find out the foregoing unpleasant facts. Or standing the beefed-up presence of the U.S. isolated development, but part of a global else, perhaps, they are not quite in their right 6th Fleet. This was something entirely new pattern aimed at a strategic weakening minds. in the military relationship between the of the United States. Even Cambridge economists, after all, if United States and the Soviet Union. Ten Because what happens in the Mediter­ both sane and fully a.ware of the hard facts, years ago even the brash Khrushchev could ranean has its impact on the Caribbean, could not really have believed the-navally en- . not have, made such a threat credible. December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39765 But it was credible in the Medlterranean subjects from "malicious" manufa.cturers, that the Commission has "more power 1n 1973 because Russia had ·built the ships, Congress ·created the Consumer Product than a · good man wants or a bad man equipped them with the cruise mis~iles w_hich Safety Commission to protect the pub­ ·should have." made U.S. aircraft carriers vulnerable and sent them to confront the U.S. Navy. lic against unreasonable risks of injury Not only are the powers of the Com­ The Russian cruise missiles and the U.S. associated with consumer products. This mission dictatorial, but Chairman Simp­ lack of defense against them were what made Commission bas very aptly been called son has made it perfectly clear that he Rickover pound the table. "The Soviet navr," the most powerful, independent, regula­ and his Commission L.'1tend to use that he said last June, "recognized the great po­ tory agency ever established by the Cen­ power. I quote from Chairman Simpson: tential for tactical cruise missile submarines tral Government. We are going to be pretty tough on en­ many years ago. Their surface-launched sub­ The Consumer Product Safety Act re­ forcement, you can plan on it. We intend marine missile has been deployed for over sulted principally from the recommenda­ to use the very severe civil and criminal 10 years. tions published by President Johnson's penalties to motivate manufacturers to do The Soviet Navy has progressed through the job, and we think it will work. five classes of tactical cruise missile-firing National Commission on Product Safety submarines, but I have not been able to get in June 1970. That Commission estimated I quote from Chairman Simpson at even one of these submarines approved by that 20 million injuries occurred per length simply because his words are the our Navy." year associated with consumer products; best illustration of the dictatorial na­ The problem is not confined to the type that 110,000 of these injwies resulted in ture of the Consumer Product Safety of tactical missiles the Soviet navy can permanent disability; and that 30,000 employ against opposing naval forces. Adm. Commission that one could wish for. I Elmo Zumwalt Jr., chief of Naval Operations, resulted in death. The Commission con­ offer another example from Chairman predicted that the Soviet Union's carrier cluded that the number of injuries as­ Simpson's speeches: force would eventually outnumber the 14 at­ sociated with consumer products was I know one thing. If I were still. in in­ tack carriers upon which the present U.S. excessive and the existing measures for dustry faced with a new independent Federal air superiority at sea is based. The Kremlin dealing with hazards associated with regulatory agency with powers as broad as has made no secret of its intentions. Its naval consumer products were inadequate. we possess, I think I'd invest the time and commanders have publicly boasted that The Consumer Product Safety Act is energy to learn as much as possible. And world-wide U.S. naval superiority was short­ designed to rectify the situation by the that's especially true when that agency has lived. enforcement provisions that could become They illustrated what this is beginning to use of its powers to inspect factories, very personal for nearly [all manufactur­ mean in the Mediterranean, where their vital warehouses, and stores, prohibit the ers]. interests are affected, and where they are stockpiling and sale of products, seize slowly and steadily clamping a stranglehold and destroy banned products, make reg­ One may wonder what Chairman on the movement of the world's oil supply. ulations, require reports from manufac­ Simpson's cryptic remark about the en­ Rickover pointed out before the crisis at sea turers, wb-olesalers, and retailers, set forcement provisions becoming very per­ that Russia is gaining "footholds and toe­ safety standards for all products, require sonal for all businessmen means-but holds" in "the most important part of the repair, repurchase or replacement of the meaning of that remark becomes earth for us today," the Near East and Per­ quite clear when one recalls that the sian Gulf. products, and impose civil penalties up :v,vhen an Israeli-Arab settlement opens up to $500,000 in fines and criminal penal­ Commission may impose both civil arid the Suez Canal, it will be a waterway for the ties up to $50,000 in fines and 1 year in criminal penalties for violations of its further extension of Sqviet sea power to the prison. edicts. As for criminal prosecutions, Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean and no longer The assignment of these powers to an Chairman Simpson says that-- subject to containment by the U.S. Navy. independent regulatory agency to He is personally inclined ... to seek out the The sea confrontation during the Mideast achieve any ends, good or bad, is inher­ Board Chairman or the corporate chief exec­ War has had a sobering effect in the Nixon ently tyrannical. The Commission's utive officer, in addition to other officials, administration. The U.S. 6th Fleet, which because I believe they are in the best posi.:. once could dominate trouble spots, was con­ Chairman, Richard 0. Simpson, says tion to assure corporate compliance with fronted by a Soviet Mediterranean force that- CPSC regulations. totalling some 80 ships, including destroy­ The Consumer Product Safety Act has been ers and submarines. This is a drastic change called one of the broadest pieces of legisla­ Chairman Simpson assures his listen­ from 10 years ago. tion ever enacted by Congre6s. And our Com­ ers, a group which had better be all of The American public understands very lit­ mission is said to be the most powerful us, for we are all producers and con­ tle of this. The Navy's philosopher has this agency ever created. sumers, that he means business: to say about it: "If an opponent is success­ ful in developing weapons that can sink-large Chairman Simpson agrees with both Those were not simply "veiled threats" numbers of our carriers and we are not suc­ of these observations. Mr. Simpson, ac­ aimed at headlines. We mean business. ~ .• cessful in developing adequate counter­ cording to the New York Timts of Au­ Any illusion which business has that weapons-or if we simply do not build suffi­ gust 12, 1973, says that his Commission the free enterprise system can coexist cient modern carriers to protect our sea.­ possesses a "frightening amount of au­ peacefully with the Consumer Product lanes-the United States will have to change tho1ity" which, in the wrong hands, its national objectives to be consistent with Safety Commission should be shattered­ the inability to conduct overseas military "could result in a witch bunt." Ap­ and will be shattered. Not only .ara its operations." parently Chairman Simpson believes powers arbitrary and dictatorial, and not that his hands and the hands of other only is the Commission determined to members of the Commission are the right use its powers, all its powers, to achieve hands-the hands which will properly the purpose set forth by Congress, but REPEAL OF THE CONSUMER execute such overweening power. But the jurisdiction of the Commission is al­ PRODUCT SAFETY ACT then all wielders of power believe that most limitless. It has been estimated that they are competent to oversee the af­ the Commission has power to regulate m fairs of others. every way froin 10,000 to 100,000 prod­ HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE It was Thomas Jefferson · who cau­ ucts. In all probability the latter figure OF INDIANA tioned against placin.g our confidence in is conservative. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES men; rather we should tie men down by Chairman Simpson himself has said Tuesday, December 4, 1973 the chains of the Constitution. Appar­ that one may name anything, anything ently, however, the Constitution was far Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, last at all, and the "CPSC probably has jw·is­ from the mind of Congress when it en­ diction over it." The only specific exemp­ fall Congress passed and President ·acted Public Law 92-573 last fall. My Nixon signed into law Public Law 92-573, colleague in Congress, the gentleman tions from the jurisdiction of the Com­ mission contained in the enabling legis­ the Consumer Product Safety Act. I have from Mississippi (Mr. JAMIE L. WmT­ lation are those products which are reg­ introduced a bill, H.R. 11717, to repeal TEN), remarked in congressional hear­ this act. My reasons are as follows: ings on the Consumer Product Safety ulated by other Federal agencies: tobacco Believing that too many products were Commission that-- and tobacco products, motor vehicles. too hazardous to be allowed on the mark­ The Commission has so much power here pesticides, aircraft and aircraft compo­ et, that consumers are too unintelligent its really unbelievable.' ... You're got life-or nents, boats, drugs and cosmetics, food, to safeguard themselves, and that it is death over whether consumers have any­ and firearms. The Commission has ·the the responsibility of the Central Gov­ thing to consume. power to halt production of, prevent the ernment to protect its less-than-bright Representative · WHITTEN concluded sale of, and incarcerate the manufac- 3·9766 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 turers or sellers · of almost all goods in spectors of retail stores, is also in the . These remarks are in no way reassur­ the marketplace. process of assembling a large posse of ing, fo:r they simply multiply the number ,Yet the Commission is not even satis­ professional busybodies designed to of undefined terms in order to define fied with that. Chairman Simpson points catch storeowners redhanded. The Com­ "rea-SOnable." What Congress did when out, for example, that while firearms are mission has instituted the consumer de­ it neglected. to define "unreasonableu in not under the control of the Commis­ puty program which is "to enlist the as­ the CPSA was to give its new Commis~ sion, firearm ammunition is, and may at sistance of consumers to police the sion a blank· check on its authority. the whim of the Commission be removed marketplace for banned products." The The terms left undefined are the crucial from the marketplace as a hazardous deputies in this posse will be trained by terms in establishing. the boundaries of product. Furthermore, while tobacco and Commission staff to canvass stores to in­ the Commission's authority. Allowing the tobacco products were specifically ex­ sure that products which appear on the Commission to define the terms itself cluded from the purview of the Commis­ CPSC banned products list are not being and t.o change its definitions when and sion by the Congress, the Commission is sold. Already posses have been rounding as it pleases is tantamount to giving the already unofficially considering a ban on up "commercial criminals" in the 14 Commission unlimited and arbitrary cigarettes. cities in which the Commission's regional power over American producers and In fact, Chairman Simpson was quoted offices are located. from Los Angeles to consumers. by the New York Times on August 23, New York. These posses are not the only Chairman Simpson seeks to allay the 1973, as saying that the Commission has inspectors used by the Commission, for fears of those of us who doubt the holi­ "a. serious expectation of achieving a it has its own paid staff of field inspec­ ness of bureaucrats by saying that the ban" on certain cigarettes and that the tors, despite Chairman Simpson's re­ Commission- Commission "should and will be able to marks about inspections being both in­ Will use this authority with a great deal o! achieve" a ban. Chairman Simpson Jus­ efficient and futile. discretion and hope to always a.ct in a rea­ tifies the Commission's assertion of con­ sonable, rational, and responsible manner. Chairman Simpson has even suggested Unfortunately, what is reasonable trol over cigarettes on the grounds that that his Commission may extend finan­ cigarettes are covered by the Hazardous rational, and responsible to the Com­ cial aid to consumer groups so that they, mission is what the Commission decides Substances Act with the Commission 1s too, might participate in standardmak­ authorized to execute. The Commission is reasonable, rational, and responsible. is determined to interpret the Hazardous ing under section 7 of the CPSA. He says As for using the authority with a great Substances Act so that it contradicts the that-- deal of discretion, Simpson has also said Consumer Product Safety Act. This sim­ The Commission recognizes that consum­ that he believes- ply means that the entire agency is built ers and many consumer organizations do not The laws should be administered even­ upon contradictory laws. have the financial backing industry may handedly and the agency should be will­ have. And we are willing to consider provid­ ing to use all of the authority granted to it In view of the extent of the Commis­ ing necessary funds to consumers· and con­ to get the job done. To selectively enforce sion's. powers and in view of the extent sumer organizations where appropriate. certain portions of a law and ignore oth­ of its jurisdiction, one might very well Who are the violators which these in­ ers • . . would, in my opinion, be the same wonder exactly how enforcement of its as amending the law by executive decrees will be managed. Again Chair­ spectors hope to catch? Chairman Simp­ authority. man Simpson is very obliging, for he tells son has specified two groups- In some cases, manufacturers, distributors, How one is supposed to reconcile these us several times how the Commission and retailers may not know of their respon­ two statements is not at all clear, and intends to oversee its vast domain. One sibilities under the CPSA. In other cases, the conflict between the two statements way this enormous task will not be ac­ they may be attempting to avoid notifica­ colll,Plished, we are told, is by hiring casts doubt on the Commission's ability tion. In either case they are in violation of to define any terms at all. 100,000 Commission investigators and federal law. In view of the absurdity and ambig­ putting them into the field; that is, the uity of the Consumer Product Safety businesses of this Nation, in order to try Yet Mr. Simpson also concedes that-­ It's possible to make t his a complete witch­ Act, and in view of the arbitrary and to inspect for conformity to the Commis­ hunt. almost unlimited powers of the Com.mis­ sion's regulations. Mr. Simpson believes sion created by the Consumer Product '.'that would not only be inefficient, but How does the Commission propose to Safety Act, I urge my colleagues in the ineffective as well." prevent its activities from becoming a Congress to enact my bill to repeal the It would no doubt be inefficient but witchhunt? Chairman Simpson assures Consumer Product Safety Act before it one may entertain doubts about Chair­ us repeatedly that "we will go about our bas had serious detrimental effects upon man Simpson's statement that it would task in a rational, reasoned manner." the economy which is alradey stagger­ be ineffective as well. His reason for say­ At other times Mr. Simpson refers to a ing under the multiple blows of a vast ing this is that he believes that con­ rational, systematic manner, to the use array of Federal agencies. formity to the Commission's standards of the rule of reason, and to the Com­ cannot be inspected into the market­ mission's efforts to be both credible and place. He says, for example, that-- reasonable. Just as the quality control manager can't Now all this reassurance would be EPA SUED FOR DAMAGES OVER inspect safety into a manufacturer's prod­ TUSSOCK MOTH INFESTATION ucts, the Commission can't inspect safety more reassuring if only we knew the into the marketplace. meaning of words like "reason," "ra­ Yet after making and repeating this tional," and "reasonable." As Mr. Simp­ HON. MIKE McCORMACK son quite correctly points out, the am­ statement about the futility of inspec­ OF WASHINGTON biguity stems from the Consumer Prod­ tions, Chairman Simpson goes on to say IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ·that the Commission welcomes the help uct Safety Act itself as passed by of consumer organizations in monitoring Congress. That act directs the Commis­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 the marketplace. Unquestionably they sion to reduce \lllreasOnable ris'ks of in­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, in can serve as a very effective "unofficial" jury associated with consumer products. 1973 the tussock moth destroyed ap­ arm of the Consumer Product Safety So the ambiguity is the responsibility of proximately 1,400 square miles of valu­ Commission. Says Chairman· Simpson: Congress. Yet the Commission intends t.o able timberland, and has cost the State rd llk.e to see m.ore of this. rd like to see proceed, as it must if Congress refuses to of Washington an as yet undetermined consumer groups all over the country arm write intelligible laws, on its own under­ sum in lost economy, environment, and themselves with copies of our "C.P.S.C. standing of these terms. How does Chair­ recreation. DDT is the only known chem­ Banned Products List" to spot-check retail ical agent that can control and eradicate stores. Where they ftn.d "banned" products man Simpson understand the terms? He says: the infestation in 1974. In twice denying for sale, we want to know about it. We will in­ applications for the use of DDT against vesttga.te and where we find violations, we It's a judgmen~ decision. A lot of fac~ this insect epidemie, the Environmental will provide "motivation" against future vio­ are taken into account. A risk ls m.ore rea­ lations by prosecuting to the fullest extent sonable if it is seen, rather than unseen. Protection Agency has assumed the re­ o!thelaw. The same risk might :\Ve,11 ·becozp.e U.Dl'eason~ sponsibility '!Qr.the losses incurred. They aple if ~he ·very yo~ng. or the very _9ld are have twfoe ignored fact and the best The Commission. while welcoming e-xposed to it. Congress didn't define what judgment of the finest men in science consumer organizations as unofficial in- is unreasonable. We'll have to. and silvaculture. December 5, 19 73 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39767 I have introduced legislation which in favor of the use of DDT to control the cides are effective against the tussock moth. infestation. None of them will stop the mass destruction has been approved by the House Agri­ 23. DDT has been used on numerous oc­ of forests now infested by the tussock moth. culture Committee to put the authority casions to control tussock moth infestations These insecticides contributed to the de­ over the use of pesticides on forest and and other insect infestations in the United struction of timber by the tussock moth. agricultural lands back in the hands of states, state and private forests without sub­ 31. Some 660,000 acres of forest land in the the Department of Agriculture, which stantial adverse environmental impact. This States of Oregon and Washington have been has the legislative mandate for manage­ is known by the U.S. Forest Service and EPA. defoliated. This includes approximately ment and protection of our forest and 24. DDT could be used to control the 36,000 acres on the Colville Indian Reserva­ agricultural lands and which has the present tussock moth infestation without tion. An additional 125,000 acres were de­ causing substantial adverse environmental foliated in varying degrees during 1973 in technical expertise and funds to carry northern Idaho. A few small areas of 1973 out that responsibility in a more ef­ impact. This is known by the U.S. Forest Service and EPA. defoliation occurred in southern Idaho, ficient manner than EPA. . 25. On March 15, 1973, the St ates of Ore­ Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, and Cali- ' At the same time this legislation was gon and Washington and the United States fornia. · . being considered, concerned citizens Department of Agriculture on March 20, 32. Present interim egg counts indicate throughout the States of Washington, 1973, petitioned the administrator of EPA that 1974 will bring another epidemic out­ Oregon, and Idaho have gone to the for authorization of emergency use of DDT break of the tussock moth with an ineffective on the tussock moth in infested areas. DDT and minimal viral incidence. Thus, there · courts to seek relief from the tremendous will b.e extensive additional defoliation of economic and environmental losses -they is t he only available pesticide known to be effective against the tussock moth. EPA de­ the forests located in Washington, Oregon, have suffered. The Pacific Legal Founda­ nied the request on April 20, 1973, based bn and Idaho unless EPA authorizes appropriate tion, representing the public interest of an April 6, 1973, EPA investigation report use of DDT. the States affected; the Tussock Moth which concluded that there would be no 33. DDT is the only predictable pesticide Control Association, representing 55,000 significant moth damage in 1973. This report proven effective against the tussock moth. members of the general public; and the was grossly in error and defendants, their No proven nor predictable alternative to DDT agents and employees knew, or should have is known to exist. All suggested alternatives Washington State Department of Natural are unavailable, ineffective, unpredictable Resources have fl.led suit in the U.S. known, it was false and misleading. Said re­ port was designed to justify a refusal al­ and/ or more tox:c than DDT. The failure district court. ready decided upon by the defendants. of EPA to authorize USDA and state agencies These are significant steps, Mr. Chair­ to use DDT has caused thousands of acres 26. After an April 6, 1973, egg count indi­ of timber to be destroyed by the tussock man in that now both the Congress and cating an impending epidemic moth popu­ the c'ourts are involved in bringing reason moth. Continued refusal of the defendants lation concurrent with a minimal virus to perform their duties will result in the and responsibility to the administration count, the cities of Walla Walla, Washington, destruction of thousands of additional acres of laws to protect our environment. and Milton-Freewater, Oregon, on May 15, of forest, both public and private. The con­ There being no objection, I would like to 1973, requested emergency use of DDT to tinued infestation will have disastrous ef­ insert one section of the Pacific Legal protect the Walla. Walla watershed from fects on the environment and economy of Foundation's legal brief, explaining the severe damage. Another EPA investigation Oregon and Washington for generations. facts of this situation, filed in the U .s. report dated July 1, 1973, was issued. It again 34. The life cycle of the tussock .moth l>e_.., conc1uded that the moth problem was in a· gins in mid-May or early June when~ tiny Distdct Court for the District of Oregon:. decline stage and that the 't'iral incidence: IV. FACTS caterpillars only 1/8-inch long emerge from wa s -sufficient to ' ca.use a~tota.1 collapse of egg clusters deposited the previous fall. Theso 19. The Douglas fir tussock moth infesta­ the moth population·. The EPA 'declined the lightwelght larvae are covered with long tion has been responsible for a catastrophic' request blf June 12, 1973. This report of EPA hairs, enabling the wind to carry them long defoliation of about 690,000 acres of forests was grossly in error and defendants -and their. distances. The 11:1rvae begin eating immedi­ in the States of Oregon and Washington. agents and employees knew, or should have ately, and continue eating through five -to This infestation w.111 continue in the future known, that it was false and misleading. Said seven moltings until late July or early Au­ and will leave in its wake a swath of destruc­ report was designecl to jus.,ify a refusal al­ gust when they reach their full size of about tion pervading throughout the eco-system. ready decided upon by the defendants. 1 Y-i inches and enter their pupal or "resting" The tussock moth is an emergency situation 27. The rejection of a request for emer­ stage. The larvae wrap themselves in cocoons mandating immediate controls. The defend­ gency use is in violation of federal law and from which they emerge 10 to 18 days later ants have the duty to control it, but have of EPA's own policy of authorizing the use as moths. The wingless female moths im­ refused to use the only insecticide, DDT, that of an insecticide in an emergency situation mediately mate with the winged males, then will effectively stop the epidemic. when there is no other effective insecticide lay clusters of about 260 eggs, attaching . 20. In the summer of 1971, the Douglas available to control the insect. them to the cocoons from which they fir tussock moth (orgyia pseudotsugata) be­ 28. In 1973, 700 million board feet of ma­ emerged. The adult moths do not eat. They came active in Washington and Oregon caus­ ture timber were killed by the tussock moth. die shortly after mating. Since the major ing severe defoliation of stands of Douglas In addition, vast numbers of young trees dispersal of tussock moth populations is by fir in several widely scattered locations. By were defoliated and killed. windborne larvae, chemical control measures 1972, the infestation had become epidemic, 29. The EPA based its prediction of a moth must be taken as soon after hatching as defoliating and killing trees on up to 400,000 collapse in 1973 on the claim that there possible to contain an infestation. acres of forests. would be increased viral incidence; EPA The larvae prefer to live and feed on Doug­ 21. In February 1973, the Pacific North­ cited a proposed historic three-year cycle of las fir, grand fir and white fir trees. But west Region of the U.S. Forest Service sent the moth. Such cycle does not exist. The they will feed on many other trees and a draft environmental impact statement on · Northwest has exP.erienced four-year out­ shrubs after consuming these, par.ticularly control of the tussock moth epidemic to the breaks of the moth in 1944, 1963, 1956, 1960 ponderosa pine, sub-alpine fir and spruce. U.S. Forest Service in Washington, D.C. That and 1967; five-year outbreaks in 1936 and The new larvae begin by eating the buds and initial environmental statement recognized 1961; and a ten-year outbreak in 1963. Even tender new needles in tree crowns and that DDT (dichloro diphenyl trichloro­ if the virus had developed in 1973 as EPA branch tips. The older needles, lower down, ethane) was the only proven effective in­ predicted, it would not have eliminated the are consumed either as the larvae grow, or secticide for Douglas fir: tussock moth con­ tussock moth infestation in time to prevent during subsequent years of an infestation. trol and recommended its use. Defendant defoliation and said fact was, or should have However, during a tussock moth epidemic John McGuire ordered that statement re­ been known to defendants. entire trees are often defoliated in one sum­ vised to eliminate the recommended use of 30. Four insecticides, Zectran, Dylox, Sevin mer. Growth retardation and dead tree tops DDT. The draft statement was so revised, 4-011, and Bioethanomethrin, were field­ contribute to the destruction. The buds but still recognized that DDT was the only tested during 1973 on plots 400-500 acres in from which the seed cones develop grow on proven effective insecticide for Douglas fir size. When the request for emergency use the tips of branches where the insect first tussock moth control. In its revised environ­ of DDT in 1973 was denied, the Zectran test attacks. Thf.. '· cone development is severely mental impact statement the U.S. Forest was expanded considerably, mostly on private retarded or terminated so that natural refor­ Service abandoned its responsibility to pro­ lands in Oregon and on the Walla Walla estation is virtually impossible. Artificial re­ tect and preserve the national, state and watershed in Washington. About 70,000 forestation is prevented by a paucity of private forests from the ravages of defolia­ acres were treated during June and early available tree stock. In an evergreen forest, tors and insect pests (16 U.S.C. 661, 16 U.S.C. July 1973, with a double application of once a large number of trees are suddenly 472) and to suppress or eradicate outbreaks Zectran. Results of the tests in Oregon and killed, serious environmental degradation of destructive insects (16 U.S.C. 491-1; Washington show that these alternative occurs at once. 491-2). chemicals killed considerable numbers of 35. Dead leafless spires cannot properly 22. Defendant McGuire suggested that if tussock moth larvae, but none reduced the diminish the forces of wind, rain, and the public wanted the U.S. Forest Service to population sufficiently to prevent severe de­ snow. Ground cover is torn off by snow-melt use DDT to control the tussock moth epi- foliation and tree mortality. None of these and heavy rain. Dependent plant and animal . demic, the public should request ~~fh ac­ insecticides are -re.acty !or registration or ,op­ life do not obtain necessary support. ~he · 1 - tion.' The public responded overwhelmingly erational use in 1~74. None' of'these' 'msebtf- dead arid ciyinti timb'er. bec'omes a breeding 39768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS . December 5, 1973 ground for secondary and extremely damag­ their children and as insurance against unex­ the Blue Mountain area of Oregon, ha.ve been ing pine beetles which profusely propagate pected financial catastrophe. Others, whose damaged by the moth infestation. in defoliated trees. The result ls a desert. homes are involved, are looking forward to Cole said a damage figure hasn't yet been 3:6. Tree needles kllled by the tussock moth living out their days on pastures of naked set for the claJ.m but that his department are very dry and literally explode when spires. probably wlll be ready to file the suit by the exposed to fire. Two large fires that involved 44. The short- and long-term losses to end of next week. tussock moth-killed trees occurred in 1973. small and large timber industries are incal­ About 200 acres of tussock moth-damaged culable. The residual adverse effects on the area was burned in the La Grande fire and economy of the States of Oregon and Wash­ a bout 3,000 acres in the Freezeout fire. A ington and those dependent upon a healthy forest fire greatly damages the environment. supply of wood and wood products are also TRAMMELL CROW: HOW HE IS I'.lllumerable animals and insects perish in incalculable. AMERICA'S BIGGEST BUILDER their frantic and useless escape from an on­ 45. Marketable and young unmarketable rushing wildfire. tree mortality with the concomitant termi­ 37. The destruction of the forests by the nated or retarded cone regeneration will re­ HON. JAMES M. COLLINS tussock moth has great adverse effect on sult in a future productivity lag. Nearly 700 OF TEXAS wildlife. Miles and miles of expansive open million board feet of mature timber were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES areas cause dramatic wildlife habitat changes killed in 1973. This does not include the vast which, in turn, can cause serious adverse ef­ numbers of young trees below the age of 40 Tuesday, December 4, 1973 fects throughout animal populations. Ani­ killed by the larvae. Mr. Mr. mals are unable to thrive in the defoliated 46. Salvage operations are underway as COLLINS of Texas. Speaker, areas and w1ll find them a barrier to natural lumber companies hurry to move the moth­ the country today needs more positive migrations. Predators, such as the black bear, killed timber into sawmills before it rots. thinking, more positive spirit, and more the sharp-shinned hawk and great prey owl, White fir, which makes up the majority of aggressive action in building toward the a.s well as certain song birds will decrease as the present kill, must be salvaged within a future. We need more men and women their natural habitats are reduced. Bird nests year and a half after dying. Unfortunately. like Trammell and Margaret Crow. a.re exposed almost overnight to the elements over 70 percent of the infested timber has Every day as I study my RECORD, I read as the tussock caterpillars voraciously elimi­ not yet reached a point in growth where it nate needles. Birds and animals a.re physi­ about staggering problems and confus­ is merchantable. Thus, 30 to 40 years of pure ing solutions. In Congress every day, we cally injured by the moth. growth have been destroyed beyond recoup­ 38. Defoliation exposes streams to the sun's ment by salvage. As it is, mills in the area work to find ways for the Government to rays. Fish fry cannot survive minor tempera­ are working at full capacity to handle the help people solve their personal and ture increases. Natural reproduction cannot salvage operations. But there is so much dead community problems. But America still occur unless winter time water temperatures timber, with about a third of it inaccessible, has people who can do things for them­ fall within the normal ranges. A combina­ that most of it may not be salvaged in time. selves. tion of increased water temperature and de­ Further. the future ca.pa.city of the damaged This month in Fortune magazine, bris results in lowering dissolved oxygen forests to support mills in the area has al­ content to the point of being lethal to fish. there was an excellent story on Tram­ ready been dealt a stunning blow. mell Crow that was written with deep Lowering of the water table decreases water 47. The insect epidemic has set back forest quantity in which fish thrive. Erosion and its management in the region some 30 to 60 perception by Wyndam Robertson. concomitant siltation pollutes the marine years. Trammell Crow represents the American environment and destroys spawning grounds 48. On October 29, 1973, the State of Cali­ system at its very best. He is the sort for trout and a.nadromous fish. fornia issued a bulletin to all State Plant of person that you would enjoy having 39. The forest is a fragile watershed which Quarantine Officers outlining the risks of furnishes both the surface and ground water as a neighbor, be proud to have as a for the animal kingdom and nearby popula­ tussock moth infestation in Christmas trees friend. and will always admire as a per­ tion centers. The defoliation caused by the being shipped to California from the North­ son who makes your community a better tussock moth has adversely affected water­ western States and ordering the Quarantine place in which to live. I have known sheds in Oregon and Washington. Continued Officers to destroy all such infested ship­ Trammell since we were boys. At that moth damage will ca.use a continued lower­ ments. This quarantine will cause a sub­ time, he did not have a dime in his ing of the water table and siltation of the stantial loss to growers of Christmas trees in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and other moth­ pocket; but he always had a smile on his water supply and streams. Increased runoff face. He could not afford to go to college, heightens the seasonal floodings and result­ lnfested states. ing erosion and damage. It also dlminishes but he learned more from the practical the recharge capability of the watershed. TuSSOCK MOTH SUrr FILED AGAINST EPA hard knocks of life than anyone who ever 40. The infestation poses a health hazard OLYMPIA, WASH.-State Land Com.mis­ took a college degree. His commonsense, to ma.n himself. Tussock moth larvae generate sioner Bert Cole reported Friday his depart­ his driving force, and his unselfish and spread fine and irritating hairs which ment wlll file a claim against the Federal interest in others have made him the a.re carried great distances by the wind or lie Environmental Protection Agency for dam­ greatest property developer in AmericaA passively on the dead branches of defoliated age resulting from a Tussock moth infesta­ I know my colleagues will enjoy the trees. Allergic reaction in humans to the tion in southeastern Washington. moth's "spun gla.ssu cause ""aJ.nful welts, few minutes they spend reviewing the But Cole said he had given up plans to highlights of Trammell Crow. This is the itching rashes, coughing, vomiting, lung con­ ask the courts for an injunction against the gestion, and eye swelling. This health hazard bright side of America. It shows that EPA enjoining the agency from banning the anyone in America can go all the way to is substantial for loggers in the infested use of DDT against Tussock moths. areas, many of whom have been unable to Cole said the decision not to file the class the top. Instead of talking about energy work in the infested areas. The health hazard action suit was based on advice from Atty. shortage, unemployment, or Mideast also affects hikers, campers, and the general Gen. Slade Gorton. tension, let us think more in terms of public. positive action to get America moving 4:1. The breaking off and falling of dead "He told us we didn't ha.ve much of a. case. tree tops presents a further safety hazard to and that we had a bet_ter chance of winning forward a.gain with leadership Iike that loggers and hikers in the forests. The defo­ a damage suit:• saJ.d Cole. of Trammell Crow: liation has caused a loss of recreational areas "The whole idea is to get the EPA off the FORTUNE MAGAZINE ON CRow :for hikers, campers, hunters and flshennen. dime arid to stop the damages and we now Visitors to his Dallas office can sometimes 42. The hundreds of" square miles of de­ believe we can accomplish this through a overhear Trammell Crow spelling "Crow" stroyed forests are a horrifying eyesore. The damage claJ.m." into his telephone, politely identifying him­ dead and dying trees turn reddish-brown and Cole said he is contacting Oregon officials self to some baffled soul who has never heard finally gray as they are completely defoliated. and State Parks Department officials to de­ of him. A lot of people fall into that cate­ mttma.tely, they give the forest a sepulchral termine if they wa.nt to join him in filing gory because, !or one thing, Crow does busi· appearance. the damage claim. ness through an am.orphous confederation o1 t3. Land values of private tndlvlduals are The EPA has steadfastly refused to au­ privately held separate entitles With lots ot deteriorating as a result of the damage ca.used thorize the use of DDT to fight the Tussock different names, and for anot.her, he is ex­ by the tussock m.oth. Thirty-six percent of moth infestation despite pleas by Oregon and tremely uncomfortable about publicity. the infestation is on private forest land. Washington officials and the Washington He began with a single warehouse_. gained There are hundreds of private landowners in­ Pesticides Control Board. momentum as a developer of trade marts, volved, most of whom own 100 acres or less. The board and Cole have been sharply and is now Into everything from shopping , Prevented from protecting their property by critical of the EPA's position and Cole said centers and office buildings to hotels and the federal government,. these private indi­ earlier that, damage to the envlronmens housing. crow has had a. hand in developing · viduals stand uselessly by and watch their would be greater if use of DDT is not author­ some urban landmarks-Peachtree Center In trees die in days. For many, the gluttonous ized. Atlanta.. for example, and Embarcadero Cen­ i.us:sock moth represents the loss of l:ncome More than 600.000 acres of. timber, mostly ter. which. .Js now reshaping the San Fran­ invested '!or retirement, for the education of Douglas-fir, in southeastern Washington and cisco Skyline. Lost in the shadow o:C these December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39769

behemoths are hundreds of lesser, but very six. buildings with mor,e than l.QO acres of goea to pay part of the ca.rcying charges on lUcratlve, venture&-notably a nationwide floor space. It 1s. the largest wholesale­ $160 million of land currently held in in­ string of warehouses. Crow ls a part owner merchandising complex 1n the world on a ventory for specific future projects. of over 35 million square feet o:t warehouse single site. Crow does not like to sell real estate. or space--enough to cover Manhattan's Central Crow first vent-ured to build outside Texas refinance. buildings, and so does not have Park. in 1952 (a warehouse in Atlanta). But it access to those two traditional ways of rais­ The various real-estate holdings in which wasn't until the mid-1960'a that he began to ing cash. He and his partners: have. made Crow or members of his famlly have a.n in­ expand his organization and increase the their wealth by building and holding. As terest are worth close to $.1.5 billion. This pace. the deht on a real-estate venture is paid off, year alone, Crow and his partners have Some of those 650-odd corporations and or a.s the mar.ket. value of the proJect rises started projects in the U.S. that will cost over partnerships in the Crow network have grown with inflation or other marke-t factors, the $400 million. out of a. few strategic alliances with other equity value of the properties (and each Although most of Crow's projects are taste­ real-estate men. Crow shares significantly partner's share of it) rises accordingly. This ful, and a few a.re architecturally distin­ in the ownership o,t every project undertaken is the process that has made millionaires of guished, what he does is less interesting than by these joint ventures-his percenta~ so many of Crow's operating partners. how he does it. He has an uncanny ability varies depending on such factors as the Crow has some rather remarkable ideas to attract the basic raw material of the real number of other partners brought into any about who his operating partners should be. estate industry, which is not land but money. specific deal-but he doesn't get involved in His insistence on hiring "nice" people sounds Crow has signed his name to notes or guar­ the day-to-day management. syrupy but, like most of his views, it has a. antees amounting to more than half a billlon Crow, Carter & Associates in Atlanta de­ ha.rd-boiled and practical side. A "nice per­ dollars-a contingent liability, shared to velop shopping centers and office buildings, son," Crow is fond of saying, is one whom some extent with partners, that te5tifies to and has an interest in $175 million worth of "other people will want to su'Cceed." The his pull in the financial community and to real estate in the Southeast. Crow, Pope & developer, after all, depend& inordinately on his daring as a developer. Land Enterprises, which ls also in Atlanta, other people--lenders, eontractorsL brokers, Crow's name on a note is a legal commit­ concentrates on apartments and hotels. landowners, and tenants. Since he can do ment, or course, but some lenders value It Lincoln Property Co., started in 1965 by nothing without them, his job 1s. mainly to more highly as evidence of his moral com­ Crow and Mack Pogue, then a tnirty-year-old get them on his side. "Did you ever meet mitment to repay. land broker, has poured over $600 million into a successful businessman who didn't have In addition to borrowing, Crow raises real-estate development, mainly for garden a nice smile?" he asks. equity by taking in wealthy partners, rang­ apartments. Professional Builder, an industry Because Crow believes that the other secret ing from institutions like life-insurance com­ trade monthly, ranked Lincoln the largest in real estate is hard work, he- considers self­ panies to individuals like David Rockefeller, developer o! rental housing in the U.S. last disclpline "the most important single trait a chairman of the Chase Manhattan Corp. person can have." He admits that w.hen hir­ Rockefeller owns a piece of Embarcadero Cen­ year. Pogue, who, like Crow operates from Dallas, ls the chief executive. Crow is ever ing people, "it's diffi~Ult to spot. But you can ter and of a Crow project in Atlanta. When see the lack of it." he was recently asked what distinguished attentive to personal sensitivities and refers to Lincoln as "Mack's company." Crow's first operating partner as Gillis Crow from other developers. he mentioned Thomas, a former Alabama farm boy whom Crow's unusually high sense ot personal con­ These ventures alone would give Crow high standing in the real-estate business, but he hired in 1949 as a bookkeeper. In 195a, cern for his fellow investors, and added: Crow asked Thomas if he could settle for a "He's a generous and warm person, and he his principal operating arm, and special pride a.nd joy, is the Trammel Crow Co., which participation in deals in lieu of salary in­ doesn't want to see his partners hurt." creases. To the consternation o!. Th:omas's Crow's reputation was earned not by any is headquartered in a forty-story Dallas wife, he accepted. Today, at fifty-one, building that Crow completed last year. It ls sudden display of razzle-dazzle but by slowly Thomas has an interest fn sever.al hundred putting together a string of successful, If at a loose confederation of thirty-e:;:;ht principal warehouses throughout the U.S. and a net first relativeiy prosaic, ventures. Born in Dal­ operating partners. including Crow. worth of more than $10 million. las, the :fifth of eight ­ signed. UP' so fast- tba.t the building- was­ comp.a.nies that ar~ usuaJl)r considered pa.rt.. ties; or p.u.ta Gia.ze. to work on them.. doubled in si2. aJ.x months later. of' the,. Trammel Cr.aw Ct> •• generate close to Ta, keep. up with. bus.1.ness: as: QQW dQea, No.w the. Dallas Market Cenre~ consists- of $7 mffifon in

and cooperate to meet thls crisis and develop NEED FOB. THE SYSTEM remain in the banking system until actually alternative sources of energies since demand . Ther~ are necessarily large discontinuous needed to meet federal expenditures. And has outstripped available sources of supply. transfers of funds involved in Government once disbursed, they returned to the banking In my view, we need a cash energy re­ operations. Receipts from individual in­ system. se~ch and development program similar to come taxes, for example, bunch every year Deposits in these accounts. were not then the "Manhattan" project that produced the Just before April 15. And corporate income subject to reserve requirements.. and banks a.toµilc bomb or comparable to the-man-space tax receipts. flow into the Treasury quar­ were required to pay 2 percent. interest. on project which put a man on the moon and terly. Receipts from other tax sources also them. But when the Banking Act of 19.33 returned him safely to earth. tend to be somewhat uneven. And since the elim1nated the payment of interest ra.tes on The- Administration refers to a new $10 size and timing of Government borrowing demand accounts, interest payments on billion energy crisis program which in real­ depend partly on cond.ltions in financial Treasury accounts were also eliminated. And ity is two-thirds the exis_ting programs, pri­ markets, borrowing operations cannot be two yea.rs later, Treasury deposits were also marily funded by our Subcommittee on Pub­ carried out solely to smooth the cash fl.ow µlade subject to reserve requirements~ lic Work.s-AEC Appropriations. into the Treasury. Disbursements also do Receipts from the sale of Governme.nt se­ We need this or a larger research and de­ not flow out at the same rate all year lone;. curities were generally small in the 1930's-, velopment program to make a new break­ Were it not for tax and loan accounts, and little use was made of war loan accounts.. through-and such a program will be pro­ this unevenness--and the huge sums in­ But with the outbreak of World War II. and posed in early 1974, I predict. volved--could upset money and capital mar­ another surge in Government borrowing. the We need to develop a more realistic atti­ kets and exert undesirable pressures on the Treasury again made more use of the. ac­ tude toward the balancing of the need for normal operations of commercial banks. counts. Total credits to war loan accounts preservation of our environment with the When member banks present Government soared f.rom $767 million in fiscal 1941 to development of power and other important checkS to Federal Reserve banks for- pay­ more than $54 billion in fiscal 1944. and essential public_ s.ei:vices required by our ment, their accounts are credited and the After the war, Congress broadened the use people. Treasury's accounts a.re debited. The result of these accounts even further to include And for the present time at least, we must is an increase in bank reserves. certain tax receipts. Beginning in 1948.. banks accommodate ourselves to the need for con­ Conversely, when the public pays funds were allowed to credit receipts of" witnheld servation of energy-and, as always, I am into the Treasury, most of the payments are income taxes to war loan accounts-an au­ sure the American people will cooperate in in the form of checks drawn on comme-rciaP thorization that had applied, until then,. only this emergency in the public interest. banks. As these checks are processed through to Federal Reserve banks. In 1950._ payroll Federal Reserve banks, the Treasury's ac­ taxes collected under the Social Security counts are- credited and accounts of mem­ program were added, and the accounts were ber banks are- debited. And· the result is a. renamed tax and loan accounts.. TAX AND LOAN ACCOUNTS drop in bank reserves. Other taxes have since become eligible for. Use of tax and loan accounts at commercial credit to these accounts. They include. taxes banks moderates such shifts in reserves by under the Railroad Retirement- Act ( 19.51 J , HON. JOHN TOWER distributing their incidence more evenly ov.er certain excise tues (1953), corporation in­ OJI' TZXAS time than would otherwise be the case. For come tues-at first, es.timated (1967) ancr, example, rather than fund.s being transferred later, all such taxes (1968)-and taJCes undei: IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES from customer accounts at banks to Treasury the Federal Unemployment Tax Act (19'10J. Wednesday, December 5, 1973 accounts at Federal Reserve banks, with an ACCREDITATION OF BANKS, attendant fall in bank reserves, the trans­ Of the 14,048 commercial banks in the Mr. TOWER. Mr. President, in view fers are made instead between Government of United States at mid-1973, 13,401 were spe-­ recent discussion on Government tax and private accounts at commercial banks. cial depositaries. In 1972 .. the daily average. and loan accounts, I would like to sub­ In this case, total bank deposits-and. there­ balance in these accounts: was $5.42 billion. mit this article from the November 1973 fore, total bank reserves--are less affected. In 1971, the average was. $4-.88 billion. Dallas Federal Reserve Bank's Business The Treasury usually tries to conduct its To be class.ifted as a special depositary, a. Review which sheds an interesting light. operations so that its balances are kept as bank applies for accreditation through the­ on the subject. small as possible consistent with its spending Federal Reserve bank of its district. Although requirements. And to a.void influencing bank the Federal Reserve bank determines the Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ reserves as much as possible, the Treasury sent to print the Business Review article limit to be set on the amount of deposits tries to keep its balances at Federal Reserve a. bank can credit to its tax and loan ac­ ~n th,e Ex.tensions of Remarks. banks fairly stable. count, the bank's a.ppllca.tion must show the.. There being no objection,. the article­ As reductions in its balances at Federal maximum deposits it expects to be cre.d.lteJacob Javits of New ers) toward their work ls changing. The old the Joint Study Committee on Budget con­ York and Charles (Mac) Mathias of Mary­ virtues of sacrifice, the rainy-day :'.)Sychology trol, we want to send the enclosed copy of land were vehement opponents of American of work-save-now-and-enjoy-later is disap­ our final report and express our personal ap­ involvement in the Vietnam Wa.r on grounds pearing and is being replaced. by a greater preciation at this time for your taking the that it was an internal war arising from the interest in pleasure and gratification. time from your busy schedule to present artificial division of a country by the great As one UAW member told me, "I want to your thoughts on the process of budget con­ powers. enjoy life now while I'm still young. I don't trol in Congress to our Committee. Your in­ It is interesting to note that their tunes want to work 60 or 70 hours a week until rm dividual participation contributed immeas­ have changed in the Arab-Israeli conflict, old and worn out and then try to enjoy life." urably to the successful series of budget which represents very similar conditions. What hasn't changed is the workers' ( old hearings. Israel was created after World War n when and young alike) suspicions of power wher­ As you indicated in the course of your tes­ the great powers decided that the Jewish ever it is wielded and for whatever reasons. timony, your recommendations fit in with peoples of the world should be given a chunk I have always found, especially when I was most of the Committee guidelines as con­ of the Arab world, and never mind the com­ a shop steward [International Association of tained in our Interim Report of February 7, plaints of those weak and backward Arabs. Machinists] for three years, that most work­ 1973. By the standard formerly articulated by ers were turned off or indifferent to rhetoric Consequently, it will not come as a sur­ Javits and Mathias, the Arab-Israeli struggle , that was grandiose beyond their own pa­ prise to you that our final recommendations should be regarded an internal affair and rochial concerns of food, shelter, working are consistent with the highlights of your none of our business, but they are actually conditions, and wages. bill and testimony in instance after in­ very hawkish for Israel and insisting that we "Social planning" might be acceptable dia­ stance after instance-notably, with respect provide Israel with all the military support log in some circles at many universities to the provisions in the recommendations that it needs. . where the collectivist ethos holds full sway. that a % vote be required to exceed either This type of misguided approach to the I don't see workers surrendering what free­ expenditures or new budget authority ceil­ problem has led t.o our present predicament. doms they have left to quasi-industrial union ings, or for either House to consider spend­ But this is no excuse for the foggy judg­ leaders. According to Aronowitz, "General ing measures before a concurrent resolution ment being exercised. by American policy­ Motors has an ideology of authoritarian man­ establishing the ceilings is passed. These makers who a.re willing to risk the whole agement which the unions accept as the basis rules are best summarized on page 5 of the world to Communism for the sake of TOTAL for the bargaining arrangement. Manage­ final report. commitment t.o Israel rather than rational ment says, 'We have the right to manage We also think the Committee's recommen­ support which would involve some give and and you have the right to bargain for more dations mirror your own conclusion that the take on both sides. That is the danger we are money.'" appropriations and taxation committees, the facing. According to the Aronowitz scenario, the existing fiscal committees, should serve as a The only powerful enemies the United people who hold power in unions will "never natural nucleus in any new Budget Com­ States has in the world are the Soviet Union be able to make the leap to saying, 'We have mittee. and Communist China, and let us not be the right to manage too,' whereupon work­ The list of similarities between the com­ fooled by the recent smiles of the bear and ers will 'have to form political organizations mittee report/bill and your bill could go on the dragon. They seek our destruction, one probably more like the old International and on, but we think the point is made al­ way or another, and the very best way is to Workers of the World.' " ready. The final report has much in com­ choke us t.o economic death by cutting off With all due respect to t he Wobblies who the oil supply to the Free World, or have the mon with your recommendations and we Arabs do it for them. did their romantic-anarchist-syndicalist commend HR 7130, the Bill embodying the thing in the early 1900's against primative Committee's recommendations, to your at­ We were right when we fought the expan­ laissez-faire robber barons, times have tention. sion of Communism in Korea and Vietnam, changed and such colorful romantics are w:i. th all good wishes, we remain, and we are wrong when we risk the security out of the picture. We live in less harsh and Sincerely yours, of the Free World with a policy of supporting more pragmatic times. AL ULLMAN, Israel against the Arab nations, who are be­ I agree with Aronowitz that because of an ing forced to embrace the Russians because Cochairman. o! our belligerent support of Israel. energy crisis and a possible age of scarcities JAMIE L. WHrlTEN, there will be efforts by industrial managers Coch,a-irman. It is important to view the affair in a to justify a return to the old hardnosed. at­ global context because the Arabs have dem­ titudes. They will fail in those efforts be­ onstrated that they a.re willing to use their cause any union leader who surrenders the oil power to threaten the economy of every gains hard earned in negotiations will soon American ally to enlist support for their cause. find himself out of office. MID-EAST NEUTRALITY Perhaps I'm more conservative in my views We find that Western Europe and Japan, of the future than Aronowitz, but I prefer which cannot survive without Arab oil, are the management-labor adversary posture desperately rushing to extricate themselves [where it truly is adversary, without I. W. HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN from any identification with American pol­ icy in the Mideast. Abel spouting U.S. Steel propaganda in full­ OF MARYLAND page newspaper ads] , rather than unions But that is where we face the gravest dan­ joining industry to inflict "social planning" IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES ger of confrontation with the Soviet Union, on those below. The less power at the top the Wednesday, December 5, 1973 which has consistently supported the Arab better. I have no assurances that once a ca.use, inspired the Arabs to launch their union leader becomes a manager he will not Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would recent war against Israel, and even planned be corrupted by that power. like to place in the RECORD an article to send troops when the Arab armies were from the column entitled "The Publish.. in trouble. er's Prerogative" by E. Ralph Hostetter, With considerable realism, American allies BUDGET BILL which appears in a number of weekly have decided that their own survival is ex­ tremely important. An Arab oil cutoff would papers in my district. In the article Mr. mean econoxnlc ruin to them., and they have HON. PIERRE S. (PETE) du PONT Hostetter sets forth the grave dangers no taste for being dragged int.o the poten­ OFD£LAWABE inherent in the Middle East situation tial holocaust of nuclear war between the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and offers forceful arguments concern.. , Soviet Union and the United States. ing the course the United States should Am.ong the-stronger nations of the world, Wednesday, December 5, 1913 be taking. · we stand alone in our support of IsraeL The Mr. nu PONT. Mr. Speaker, the budget Mr. Hostetter, a man W~Q has tr?,veled SQviet Vnlon has managed to corner us· into bill under consideration today embodies widely across the world, is also the a predicament in which we face aggressive December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39775 Soviet power without the anti-communist GILMAN SEEKS DISASTER AID FOR The subsequent rescinding of commit­ alliance that has saved the Free World since FARMERS ments became a bureaucratic tragedy of ma­ the end of the Second World War. jor proportions to the farmers affected since The Arabs are fearful of Soviet domina­ many had already started to work on planting tion, but their primary enemy is Israel and HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN · operations. Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Gilman, up to that point, they need Soviet armaments. Arab depend­ OF NEW YORK ence on Soviet weapons and the world's do you perceive that bureaucratic foul-up to dependence on Arab oil have enabled the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be a result of the law? Russians to strip America of her allies at a Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Do you not think that the law properly critical moment of great danger. Without intex:fered and would it make them eligible Europe, NATO is dead. Without Australia, Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I recently for the long-term disaster loans? New Zealand, and the Philippines, SEATO is appeared and testified before the Public Mr. Gn.MAN. I think at that point there was dead. Works Committee's Subcommittee on some confusion as to what each agency could Ironically, the Arab nations would rather Water Resources regarding H.R. 7690, do to help the farmers. be friends with the United States than with There were discretionary decisions ma.de the Disaster Prepar:edness and Assist- by the SBA and the FHA. the Russians, whom they do not trust, but ance Act of 1973. ' our support of Israel has increasingly thrust Initially, FHA said that it is our province them into the Soviet embrace. Our policy This legislation authorizes the Presi­ and we will handle it. And when they got should be neutrality, siding with neither dent to make or guarantee loans to in­ into it and found larger loans than they could side, but protecting both from the Soviets, dividuals or businesses to repair or re­ handle, then they said go to the SBA. The · place property damaged in a natural dis­ SBA said that they could handle these loans a position very similar to our Monroe Doc­ under the relief laws and made commitments. trine in the Western Hemisphere. aster. Then SBA re-examined their authority and The Soviets, meanwhile, are absolutely The purpose of my appearance before turned it all back to FHA. It was not until overjoyed at the results of their pro-Arab the subcommittee was to inform them June or July of this year that those prob­ policy. Without sacrificing a single soldier, about the experiences suffered by the lems were finally straightened out. they can watch from the sidelines while the farmers in my congressional district as It became a typical bureaucratic entangle­ Arabs apply the economic screws to the ment. United States and the rest of the Free World. a result of last year's disastrous Hurri­ cane Agnes. It is hoped that their experi­ Mr. WRIGHT. The whole purpose of the Dis­ We are somewhat more fortunate than aster Relief Act is to put him back whole Western Europe, which obtains 80 per cent of ences will shed some light on the prob­ as quickly as possible and not to leave him its oil from the Mid East, and Japan, which lems encountered by farmers seeking dangling for over a year. buys 90 per cent from the Arabs. They must . disaster relief. Mr. Gu.MAN. Precisely. And this created a cave in to Arab demands or suffer economic In order to enable all of my colleagues great deal of frustration-not only frustra­ collapse, and they are performing the neces­ to have this information at their dis­ tion, but placed them on the brink of total sary acts of humility. posal during any future consideration of disaster. Meanwhile, our own economy is being crip­ this disaster legislation, I include the Farmers, as you know, who practically live pled because the Arabs have already cut off hand to mouth, were not able to sustain the all oil shipments to the United States. We full text of my statement before the sub­ losses that were incurred as a result of these were relying on them for nearly one-fifth committee in this portion of the RECORD: disasters. of our on needs. American business and in­ STATEMENT oF HoN. BENJAMYN A. GU.MAN, They suffered a flood just a few years pre­ dustry are staggered, and we will surely suffer A REPRESENTATXVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE viously and were barely coming out of that an economic recession, if not a depression. STATE OF NEW YORK, BEFORE THE PuBLIC one when they were hard hit and hard pressed Secretary of State Henry Kissinger has . WORKS SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER RE· by this disaster. warned the Arab nations that the United SOURCES, NOVEMBER 13, 1973 Mr. WRIGHT. Are you familiar with the States might be forced to retaliate if the oil Mr. Gu.MAN. Mr. Chairman, I commend rationale when the SBA finally decided this? boycott continues. It has been suggested that your Subcommittee on Water Resources for What was the basis on which they deter­ we cut off sales of food to the Arab states. taking the initiative in considering a com­ mined they did not possess authority? · It would achieve nothing. The Arab na­ prehensive disaster relief measure. Mr. Gn.MAN. I do not have the section with tions are no longer weak and poor. They are Existing disaster relief laws are sorely in­ me, but It was the manner in which they Ini­ rich and can offer premium prices for all the adequate. Comprehensive legislation, which tially read their authority, having to do with food they need from sources such as Austra­ is long overdue, would have ameliorated the large loans for the agricultural community lia and Canada., which increasingly have sym­ tragic losses resulting from Hurricane Agnes and with relation to whether they could pathized with Third World nations in re­ and, more recently, the damages resulting reach out to the agricultural community. It cent yea.rs. from the extensive flooding of the Missis­ was on that point that they finally felt they We have no lever except military force to sippi River Valley. could not make these loans and turned them use against the Arabs, and that surely would I am particularly pleased the legislation back to FHA. bring the ultimate catastrophe-war between proposes that the administration of disaster Mr. WRIGHT. The Home Administration the United States and Russia.. relief be consolidated to maximize the uni­ said they could do it. --· We still have some time to correct blunders form application of such relief. Mr. Gn.MAN. Except for the size and scope of our foreign policy. It is necessary to recog­ The disparity in administering disaster re­ of the loan. nize our mortal danger from the Soviet Union lief, as experienced by both the Farmers Many of the dealers were dealing with half million dollar loans and above that; sub­ if it achieves a permanent role in determining Home Administration and the Small Busi­ ness Administration, operating under the stantial operations. There was a $300,000 lim­ Arab oil policy. itation, which I will touch on. To restore our historically good relations same authority in disaster situations, should no longer be tolerated. Mr. WRIGHT. I know that existed so that, with the Arab states, we should insist that Permit me to cite a case in point concern­ fundamentally, the question was one of re­ Israel return the Arab territories seized in ing the confusion that arose between these striction rather than legal authorization. the 1967 war. Those territories include the two agencies and which literally ca.used more Mr. Gn.MAN. Yes. And a la.ck of coordina­ Sinai Desert, the Golan Heights, the Arab grief and hardship than the Agnes disaster tion in the determination of which agency sector of Jerusalem and the west bank of itself. should come forward to assist. the Jordan. The vegetable farmers in my congressional Mr. WRIGHT. So, for a. year, the farmers As with our commitment to South Korea district in Southeastern New York suffered were stricken by the disaster and found and South Vietnam, the original boundaries virtually a. total crop loss as a result of Hur- · themselves incapable of resolve as to the established by the Great Powers should be rlcane Agnes in June of 1972. two agencies? our only concern. We should seek Arab recog­ Farmers' applications for long-term dis­ Mr. Gn.MAN. It was a typical bureaucratic nition of the Israeli nation within the bound­ aster loans, seeking to refinance 1972 debts, entanglement. aries established in 1948, and it is conceivable were denied by the Farmers Home Adminis· While the uniform application of disaster assistance is a desirabl~ objective, the loose that the Arabs would agree to that. tration. On that basis, similar applications were language of the legislation now before the We should move toward neutrality in fu­ subcommittee gives ca.use for concern as to ture relationships between the Arabs and the submitted to the Small Business Administra­ tion which approved more than $9 million whether the solution of one problem may Israelis. in long-term refinancing assistance. Written not give rise to another of even greater Otherwise, our continuing one-sided com­ commitments totaling almost one-half that magnitude. mitment to Israel wiil ultimately deliver to a.mount were in the hands of several farmers, Specifically, I refer to Title n, "Disaster the Soviet Union the oil weapon with which and several hundreds of thousands of dollars Assistance Administration,'' which states to destroy the economy of the Free World, on approved loans had already been disbursed that upon the request of the Governor of a rendering us weak and vulnerable for the when, in February of this year, the SBA State suffering a disaster, "the President may final Communist victory. suddenly announced that it had erred and declare that a major · disaster exists, or take Our moral imperative must be survival. should not have approved such loans: whatever other action he deems appropriate 39776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 in accordance with the provisions of this I want to emphasize that I am talking Presidential declarations of major disaster Act." about the inadequacy of long-term assist­ areas is intended to repeal the existing au­ If my understand!ng is correct, this lan­ ance to crop farmers for refinancing debts thorities for Small Business Administration guage implies that the existing authorities incurred as a consequence of the loss of in­ and Farmers Home Administrations disaster of the SBA and FHA to declare disaster areas come resUlting from the destruction of their declarations, what are the risks that disaster are repealed in favor of Presidential declara­ crops in the ground. areas only warranting SBA and FHA declara­ tions of "major disaster areas." Finally, please consider carefully section tions would not qualify as "major disaster The authority of the SBA and FHA to de­ 402, paragraph (a), which !s actually the re­ areas" under the new language? clare disasters has enabled farmers, busi­ enactment of section 237 of PL. 91-606, con­ 2. Since it 1s the intent of section 211 to nessmen and individuals alike to benefit cerning disaster assistance for many disas­ require an applicant for disaster assistance from disaster aid when the criteria were ter-stricken enterprises-including agricul­ to obtain and maintain insurance to protect insufficient for a Presidential disaster dec­ ture-that constitute a major source of em­ against future losses "with respect to any laration. ployment in areas suffering a major disas­ property to be replaced, restored, repaired, or Are we to conclude from the new language ter. It sounds good but accomplishes little for constructed with the assistance," .ls it con­ that disasters that have heretofore been our farmers. templated that this requirement will also deemed sufficient to warrant only SBA and The futmty of this provision, as it per­ include insurance for crop losses? FHA disaster declarations will no longer tains to agricultural enterprises, ls no more In this regard, it ls pertinent to note that qualify? evident than in the fact that although this only 25 crops are now covered by the Fed­ Or will the criteria be expanded to pro­ authority is presentl~· part of P.L. 91-606, the eral Crop Insurance Program in just slightly vide the desirable uniformity in disaster Farmers Home Administration has never pre­ more than 1,400 counties of the approxi­ declarations and administration of emer­ pared any instructions for implementing this mately 2,500 agricultural counties through­ gency relief? authority. out the Nation. Secondly, I call the Subcommittee's atten­ In fact, it was recently determined by the 3. With respect to those to whom the Pres­ tion to section 211, paragraph (a) of Title Department of Agriculture that section 237 ident is authorized to make or guarantee n on the subject of insurance. does not come under the Consolidated Farm loans under Title IV, section 401, paragraphs In short, the section requires that an ap­ and Rural Development Act of 1961 and ls (a) and (b). are agricultural enterprises in­ plicant for disar:ter assistance must obtain therefore excluded !"~·om the use of funds tended to be on a full par with "Individuals, and maintain insurance to protect against from the Agricultural Credit Insurance Fund business concerns, and other legal entitles"? future losses to the property. The phrase, which ls the source of other agriculture Since experience has already demonstrated .. with respect to any property to be replaced, emergency loans. the inadequacy of long-term assistance to restored, rep~ ired, or constructed with the Accordingly, an entirely new appropria­ crop farmers for refinancing debts incurred assistance," leaves some of our farmers with tion would have to be sought, and it is evi­ as a consequence of the loss of income re­ the uneasy feeling that this doei:: not include dent that the FHA has no intention of seek­ sUlting from the destruction of their crops crop losses. ing such an appropriation. in the ground, the existing disparity in the I would ask if the insurance contemplated Additionally, I think it ls worthy of note treatment between "agricultural enterprises" by paragraph (a) includes crop insurance. that the following language of the s1mllar and "business concerns" is cause for con­ If it does not, it certainly should include section 237 of PL. 91-606 has been omitted cern over the omission of "agricultural enter­ such losses for the reason that a farmer's from section 402 (a) of the bill before you. prises" from the test of these paragraphs. crop is not unlike a businessman's inven­ It states: 4. Please note that section 402 is merely a tory. It is the source of the farmer's live­ "Loans authorized by this section shall be re-enactment of section 237 of Public Law lihood. 91-606, which provides assistance to major Thirdly, I call your attention to Title made without regard to limitations on the sources of employment In disaster-stricken IV, regarding disaster loans. size of loans which may otherwise be im­ areas that are no longer in substantial oper­ posed by any other provision of law or regula­ ation. Signifl.cantly, the language of the law I am concerned about paragraphs (a) and tion promulgated pursuant thereto." (b) of section 401 which authorize the Presi­ currently in effect, waiving administrative dent to make or guarantee loans to indi­ This may, at first, seem insignlfl.cant, but limitations as to the size of loans and other viduals, business concerns, and other legal I would be remiss if I did not call to your restrictions, is deleted from section 402. entities to replace, restore or repair private attention the :l.nalogous situation with re­ Not only does the experience with our property lost or damaged in a disaster, or spect to the emergency loans, both short farmers suggest that administrative regula­ to small business concerns for working capi­ and long-term, which the Secretary of Agri­ tions can effectively emasculate this provi­ tal and operating expenses. culture :S already authorized to make. sion, but the fact that the Farmers Home These sections do not specifically include The source of the Secretary's authority for Administration never Issued instructions to agricultural enterprises. I would not argue making emergency loans ls the Consolidated implement section 237 has led our farmers with the contention that such enterprises Farm and Rural Development Act. There is to conclude that section 402 will be a futile are included within the designation of ''bus­ no speclfl.ed limitation on the short-term gesture for "agricultural enterprises." iness concerns" provided farmers were (production) or long-term (refinancing) Mr. Chairman and members of the Sub­ treated the same as other businessmen. But loans at present and, in fa.ct, the FHA has committee, I appreciate the opportunity of they are not. never imposed a ceiling on the amount o! its appearing before you in regard to this very There does not seem to be a great deal short-term emergency loans. important legislation addressing itself to dis­ of acceptance of the proposition that the However, with respect to the long-term aster relief. In the interest of aiding our farmer's crop in the ground is analogous to emergency loans, the Department, in con­ Nation's farmers, I respectfully request your the businessman's inventory, the loss of junction with the Office of Management and careful consideration of the points I have which should entitle him to refinance his Budget, arbitrarily set a limitation of $300,- raised this morning. debt. 000 of real estate indebtedness which, if ex­ Thank you. In the aftermath of Hurricane Agnes, the ceeded by any applicant, made him ineligi­ Mr. WRIGHT. Thank you very much, Mr. SBA would have gladly refinanced the debts ble for long-term assistance. Gilman. Are there any questions? Mr. Jones? of our farmers if they were attributable to This has caused a number of the medlum­ Mr. JONES. No questions. non-agricultural enterprises. sized vegetable farmers in our region to hob­ Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Abdnor. ble along from one year to the next on a The Farmers Home Administration, on the Mr. ABDNOR. I certainly want to commend other hand, opera. ting under the same emer­ marginal basis. To them there 1s no such Mr. Gilman for his very excellent testimony. gency relief authority, rejected all but a thing as a profit, every penny not consumed Knowing agriculture as well as I do, you small number of applications requesting re­ in day-to-day operations being committed certainly bring out some very valid points financing assistance on a long-term basis. to the '."i'a.rmers Home Administration one­ here that certainly have to be considered in The preponderance of the loans finally ap­ year term loans. any action. The agriculture director for FHA proved were short-term operating loans. These farmers are now asking how they did take over the forgiveness feature last Reading between the lines in section 401 will be able to pay off their debts incurred time, to be used in many cases, and I a.m (a), there ls evidence of the disparity of in connection with the 1972 crops lost dur4 afraid will be a black eye to the agriculture treatment between businessmen and farm­ ing the Agnes floods. interests. It shoUld not be that way at all ers. Without appropriate language, there ls because many innocent people do need the I raise the question once again whether more than enough experience to lead one to same kind of consideration you give other the loans "to replace, restore, or repair conclude that any number of restrictive · business, and especially in the loan area., all private property damaged or lost in the dis­ they ask is for a chance to operate just like aster" refer to crop losses? a.dministrative regulations might be imposed any other business interest. The Federal Crop Insurance Program ls in that could effectively emasculate the intent I certainly commend you for the fine job the experimental stages excluding from cov­ of that provision. you did this morning. erage large geographical areas and most In summary, permit me to restate the Mr. On.MAN. Thank you, Mr. Abdnor. Mr. crops. Only 25 crops a.re now being covered points that I believe warrant the Subcom­ Chairman, I might add most farmers that in 1,432 counties of the more than 2,500 mittee's careful scrutiny. have any sizeable operation are not Interested agricultural counties throughout the Nation. 1. If the authority being requested. for in any forgiveness. All they are seeking ts December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39777 some long term low interest financing that_ WHY VOC.ATIONAL AND TECHNICAL whose story to me was wholly substantiated will enable them to get back on their feet SCHOOLS SUCCEED by other teachers and state officials. following the disaster. "The Providence Journal, local television (Mr. Ginn assumed the chair.) and radio stations covered the riot in great Mr. GINN. Coming from a farm. dfstrict, let detail. The general public saw the wreck­ me assure you I fully understand the mean­ HON. ALBERT H. QUIE age and he.a.rd from rioting students, from ing of your statement. Are there further OP MINNESOTA- law enforcement officials and city ofilcials. questions? "But the general public learned nothing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE& Mr. HANRAHAN. I would just- like to com­ about, the contra.sting side. o!. tha story. mend the gentleman. I see by the testimony Weooesday, December 5, 1973 They learne

, }t-.t ' • < Decemaer 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF RE,MARKS 39779

. MARKETIN.G PROFESSIONALS CHALL~GEn ran. -it,.. and ..a. streamlined new system. is to haps by this point in the story the r~der I believe that the marketing challenges of be.. installed. undai: a new comma.nde:c. · w.ill have formed his own opinion as to where. the 70's .will be met in major part by: the All of this fanfare makes a cheerful noise it lay. In any case. one lesson in this story, marketing profession responding voluntarily in a bleak landsc.a.pe. But it is the fourth and one of the most disquiting measures of to the forces at work in the marketplace. time this. year that President Nixon has dis­ this presidency, is the rate at which it. is However, where, for whatever reason, those­ missed one energy adv.iser and turned to an­ using up tlle decent and honorable men who responses fall short of meeting the challenges, other. Is the President preparingc to change.. volunteer to come to its aid in a time of government, in particular the. FTC, will play. his policy, or is. he merely changing advise.rs desperate trouble. an· important role. In those situations, con­ again? The President is now appointing William structive cooperation between the FTC and Until early this year it was Gen. George A. E. Simon, the under. secretary of the Treas­ the marketing profession is clearly desirable. Lincoln, the director of the old Office of ury fo.r the. past year, to head" a new Federal Statesmanship will be ·required on both Emergency Preparedness, who kept an eye on Energy Administration. Like his predecessors sides. This means that the FTC, while not. fuel. for the President. As early as the spring Mr. Simon is. a man of notable intelligence. withholding law enforcement, should encour­ of 1972, the OEP's statisticians began to note He has a better record of foreseeing the true age voluntary compllance to the greatest ex­ the declining stocks of fuel oil. But the nature. of the energy emergency than most tent possible. It means, on the other hand, spring of 1972 was a time when the White people in Washington. If Mr. Simon's ap­ that the marketing profession must respect House was single-mindedly preparing for the pointment means that the President is at and understand the role of government in election campaign and raiSing- enormous last ready to make painful decisions and to the marketplace. sums from the oil industry. It was apparently end the bureaucratic warfare among his Finally, while dealing with all of the com­ not considered, at the White House, to be a subordinates, it is greatly to be welcomed. petitive pressures that prevail, the market­ suitable time to raise questions about oil If not, then Mr. Simon will last no longer ing profession must respond more quickly policy. At least, no serious questions was than the others. and more wtllingly to consumerism, realizing raised. By the time of the election in Novem­ Mr. Love gloomily observed on Monday as that 1t iS not a transitory phenomenon and ber, of course, the countxy was already well he resigned, ~at Mr. Nixon is. still going that business policies of the 70's must be into the fuel oil shortage. In January Gen. around to public meetings saying. that the molded to its demands. Lincoln was retired and the OEP was oil shortages are only a temporary incon­ (Mlles W. Kirkpatrick served as Chairman abolished. venience that will be over in a year or so. of the Federal Trade Commission from Sep­ Instead, ad.ministration officials said, th None of his successive energy adv.isel's, in­ tember, 1970 untll his resignation in FebTQ­ President himself would set the course fo:c cluding Mr. Simon, think so. Perhaps the a.ry, ·1973 when he returned to the private fuel policy in a major message. Mr. Nixon.. President has decided that, in the. present practice of. law in Washington. and Philadel­ summoned the State Department's leadlng_ crippled condition of his presidency,.. he. can­ phia. He is a graduate of Princeton. Univer­ specialist on Middle Eastern oil, James E: not affort to call on. the country to belie.ve sity and the. University of Pennsylvania Law Akins, to write that message. The ensuing o:c do anything difficult. He may be right. School ( 1943) . stalemate has never been ade.quately ex­ If the federal government doe.s nothing,. (While Chairman of the Section !or Anti­ plained. But Mr. Akins is a strong-minded the likeliest outcome will be a highly turbu­ trust Law of the Amerfca.n Bar Association man, and his public statements of that time le.nt _combination of rolling shor.tages and sugges.t the. kind of advice that he may have in 1968-1969, he headed an ABA committee drastically higher prices. There will probably formed at the request of President Nixon ta. been giving to the inner ring of aides who. be quite a lot of speculatia.n and a recurrent study and evaluate the Federal Trade Com­ surrounded Mr. Nixon. It was not what they edge of panic, but that is the way that the had hoped to hear. Mr: Akins was presum­ mission. His Committee's report was sub­ market works. Each business and.. each fam­ Initted to the President in September, 1969. ably arguing, as he did in Foreign Affairs in ily will have to find its own way. . Americans late winter, that we must take the Arabs' pride them.selves on their level:.-headed One ye11r later, Mr. Kirkpatrick was sworn threats seriously and consumers must ur in as Chairman. adaptability. They may now find the quality gently begin drastic measurse of conserva­ put to an unexpected test, and the.ir sense of (The Federal Trade Commission was es.tab­ tion. Shortly Mr. Akins was on hiS way back citizenship as well. lishe.d by Ca.ngress 1n 1914 as an independ­ to the State Department, pursued by a wave ent regulatory agency. It has broad respan of hints that he was, after all, a bit over­ sibillties in the a.,.-eas of antitrust and con­ specialized. sumer protection, and iS the. principal Fe:d. the President's message on the energy nanced primarily by $120 million in Federal building right now without waiting for crisIS on November 7. funds, but the program itself is very much R. & D. or depending on anyone else for First, let me identify those elements of the creature of the 51-year-old preacher, the approach to our energy problems with fuel supplies, technical talents or any­ which I agree: who takes a thoroughly practical approach thing else, are nuclear plants and coal when it comes to working with the primarily plants. I fully realize that any such plant 1. SELF-SUFFICIENCY AS A GOAL white business world. He was already a di­ There is no· question but what our country rector of two Philadelphia banks when, three will take a minimum of 4 or 5 years to must either be self-sufficient as to energy, years ago, he became the first black member build, but still this is the .shortest way to or else otherwise be in. so strong a position, of the boa.rd of General Motors Corp., and he take significant steps to help solve our both economically and diplomatically, as to · says of these posts: "I want to be a voice problem. Incidentally, nuclear plants are be assured of uninterrupted sources of .en­ from the outside on the inside." taking us about 10 years· to build. er~. The former is by far the more prudent Most of OIC's trainees are recruited from ~ho1ce, for the alternative to self-sufficiency ghetto welfare rolls. But they receive no But this is stated much more suc­ cinctly in a statement in a recent letter lS dependence upon outside forces which are additional allowance while they're training not necessarily within our control. for jobs as typists, retail clerks, auto me­ to the Chairman of the Energy Research chanics and about 80 other occupations. "In­ and Development Advisory Council, Dr. 2. CREATION OF ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVEL­ stead of paying people for training, we use H. Guyford Stever, from John w. Simp­ OPMENT ADVISORY COUNCIL motivation," Sullivan says. "To us, paying son, president of the Power Systems Co. Energy is so essential to our strength as an stipends was creating a stipend psychology of Westinghouse. Let me quote a portion: economic entity and so basic to the way of in the community-it seemed like another life to which we are accustomed that any form of welfare." The individuals in OIC Apparent disregard of nuclear energy as a gross errors in our energy planning could programs, he adds, "do not want a hand­ practical, timely, and available solution for have a disastrous effect on the nation. Be­ out but a hand up." · our energy needs. cause the complexities of energy planning Before teaching job skills, OIC instruc­ Despite repeated questions at the October are beyond the single capabilities of any one tors put all applicants through "feeder pro­ 11 press conference as to possible crash solu­ segment of society-whether government, grams"-short courses in grooming, talking, tions, the Government spokesmen elaborated industry or consumer-it is critically im­ hygiene, reading and writing. "We don't kid on everything but nuclear power as a possible portant that there be a forum for diverse anybody," notes James Brewer, head of OIC solution to our energy problems. On the con­ points of view and -interest to assist in thti in Detroit. "If they want a job, they're going trary, answers dealt with coal gasification process of arriving at optimum solutions. and liquefaction, fusion, solar, geothermal, to have to get a job with somebody else who's 3. ACCELERATION OF NATIONAL EFFORT an employer-and we aren't in any position etc., all many years into the future at best, to tell an employer what his rules [about · and with considerable research and devel­ Given the current demonstration of capi.­ grooming and the like] should be." opment yet required. Nuclear power is avail­ bility and willingness of the oil-producing In addition to serving his church and able todayi it will be better tomorrow. It can nations of the Middle East to use their heading OIC, Sullivan has spearheaded a not only buy us the time required to develop strength to exert extreme pressure on the thriving black-capitalism operation in Phila­ the capabilities above, but is available today U.S. and other highly-industrialized coun­ delphia. The keystone is the Zion Investment without any dependence on foreign sources tries, we have no rational choice other than Associates, which built Progress Plaza-an of supply. If we ate to avoid a low-energy, to achieve independence from their oil pro­ office-and-shopping center-and Zion Gar­ low-vitality economy, we must build on duction as quickly ai:; possible. The oil sup­ dens, an apartment development. Zion In­ energy sources other than gas and oil. Only ply problems of today derive from political vestment also operates two small manufac­ two such sources are now available to us­ considerations; the problems of tomorrow turing firms. coal and uranium. An electricity-based econ­ will derive from the total exhaustion of But OIC remains Sullivan's biggest con­ omy is an absolute corollary of using coal world-wide reserves. By pushing hard now a.nd uranium, because electricity provides for early self-sufficiency, we ma.y serve con­ cern, and of late he has been battling to vincing notice on our outside suppliers, keep it from withering a.way. "In the past," maximum fiexibllity in use. In the U.S. of hppefully to our advantage, that their pe­ he says, "money has been given to us and today, the only alternative to an electric economy is a c!eclining economy. riod of power ha.s a relatively short future. taken away like a. Yo-Yo by the government." Of perhaps greater importance is the fact Washington has already trimmed its con­ · Each such plant will sa-ve over 12 mil­ that early reduction of our dependence on tribution to OIC from $32 million to $24 lion barrels of petroleum a year. oil will make possib~e an . orderly transition million, and there is still a serious question to tlie era when dwinaung supplies are re­ as to how much Federal a.id ore ca.n expect The President clearly recognized the af served for those uses for which they a.re if and when Congress approves a. new man­ need to cut down the construction time truly unique. power-training bill . . If necessary to survive, nuclear plants in his November 8 state­ On the o~her hand, I disagree with ' cer­ Sullivan plans to call on OIC's · working ment. It can and must be done. The same tain elements of the approach to our energy alumni for :financial help. is true with coal plants including the con- problems: December 5, _19 73 ~XTENSIONS OF RE~RKS 39781

1, APPARENT DISREGARD OF NUCLEAR ENERGY AS l~~o. a.Il-d/or 1990 and so on, I feel that firm The purpose of the amendment is to A PRACTICAL, TIMELY, AND AVAILABLE SOLU­ resolve to become self-sufficient will join the insure that there will be no unreasonable TION FOR OUR ENERGY NEEDS Holy Grall in the category of noble aims, discrimination within a given class of Despite repeated questions at ·the . Octo­ well worth pursuing, but really impossible users and that there will be no um·eason­ ber 11 press conference as to possible era.sh of ~hievement. able classification of users. solutions, the Government spokesmen elab­ Accordingly, I respectfully _submit the fol­ orated on everything but nuclear power as a lowing :i;ecommendations as a basis for a EXAMPLES possible solution to our energy problems. On realistic U.S. energy policy which would ~n- No unreasonable discrimination-If the contrary, answers dealt with coal gasi­ able us · to ride out our present and· near- the class of users is health services, it fication and liquefaction, fusion, sol!U', geo­ term difficulties and put us on the road to might be reasonable to allocate 100 per­ thermal, etc., all many years into the future long-term self-sufficiency in regard to the cent of the energy requirements to crit­ at best, and with considerable research and assured supplies of energy on which our ical hospital and emergency services; development yet required. Nuclear power is future so desperately depends: available today; it will be better tomorrow. 1. Using nuclear reactors and coal-fired whereas noncritical services might be It cannot only buy us the time required to plants according to the optimum combina- reasonably allocated a lesser amount of develop the capabilities above, but is avail­ tion of environm~nt, efficiency, and econom- energy. However, it would be unreason:. able today without any dependence on for­ ics, increase total installed generating ca.- able to discriminate between geographi­ eign sources of supply. If we a.re to avoid a _pacity to 800,000 MWe by 1980, 1,200,000 cal areas offering critical or emergency . low-energy, low-vitality economy, we must .MWe by 1985, and 3,000,000 MWe by 2000. health services . build on energy sources other than gas and 2. Complete by 1980 the development and Reasonable classification-The pro- oil. Only two such sources are now available demonstration of the Liquid Metal Fast - to us-coal and uranium. An eleotricity­ Breeder Reactor in order to extend indefi- posed 1·estriction of 50 percent fuel for ·based economy is an absolute corollary of nitely our effective reserves of uranium. - general aviation was apparently made using coal and uranium, because electricity 3. Pursue coal gasification and liquefac- with the intent to limit the use of energy provides maximum flexibility in use. In the tion research and demonstration aggressive- for recreation. However, 72 percent of U.S. of today, the only alternative to an elec­ ly to the point of viable competition with general aviation fuel is not used for rec­ tric economy is a declining economy. then-existing alternatives. reation, but for commercial and indus- 2. LACK OF NUCLEAR INDUSTRY REPRESENTATION 4. Substitute electricity for other sources trial purposes. Therefore, such classifica­ ON ADVISORY COUNCIL of energy in transportation, industrial, and tion was unreasonable and would be pro­ Tne sixteen individuals named by the residential use with tax incentives or other hibited by this amendment. encouragement to expedite the substitution. Hence, my purpose in offering the President on October 11 constitute an out­ 5. Expand R&D for practical utilization standing group, well able to provide inval­ of alternate sources of energy such a.s fusion, amendment is to treat all users of re­ uable input relative to their areas of ex­ sola.r energy, oil shale, geothermal energy, fined petroleum products and electrical pertise. Believing as I do that an electric etc. energy in a fair, just, and equitable man- economy is absolutely essential to our future, 6. Assign to the above such national prior- ner. I urge your support for the Gold­ and without criticizing in any way the in­ ity a.s will assure adequate financing or water-Rooney amendment when it comes dividuals named to the Advisory Council, funding, and full authority under govern- before you here in the House. the omission of a qualified representative ment supervision to override otherwise con- from the nuclear industry could deny the flicting government requirements. Council an element of realism in terms of The steps listed above represent only the nuclear power. The academic side, the lab­ barest· outline of a national energy policy oratory Side, and the user side of nuclear against which any alternatives should be WHO EVER HELPED AMERICANS power are all well covered; but the . supplier realistically measured. side is not. And yet it ~ the supplier who Enclosed herewith is a concise examina­ must translate the research and laboratory tion of the implications of a nuclear-electric work into working hardware for the user. I HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS economy; I believe the logic to be over­ OP IDAHO believe this is too important a link in the whelming. chain, representing, as it does, the man­ I would be ready at any time to pursue at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES power/manufacturing phase which can make greater length and in greater detail the posi­ Wednesday, December 5, 197 3 ·· or break any plans however well drawn. tion herein advocated. 3, LACK OF A PRECISELY DEFINED OBJECTIVE Sincerely, Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, one of my WITH TARGET DATES JOHN W. SIMPSON. constituents, Mr. Leggart of Post Falls, In his televised statement on November 7, Idaho, sent me a newspaper editorial by President Nixon identified a number of a Canadian broadcaster commending the specific steps to be taken to protect our American people and pointing out that energy situation. In and of themselves these FUEL REDUCTIONS they are probably the least appreciated steps would seem to be in the right direc­ people in the world. tion. However, in the apparent absence of an overall energy program-specific goals, target I think that the following remarks are dates, firm reserves, etc.-interim moves HON. ·BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. worthy of consideration. The editorial is which seem, inherently, to be in the right OF CALIFORNIA as follows: · direction may or may not be in the best WHO EVER HELPED AMERICANS . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES interests for longer-range objectives. I am (Radio broadcast by Gordon Sinclair from convinced that any and all future steps must Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Toronto, Ont.; reprinted from the Van­ be taken only in the context of an overall Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, many couver (B.C.) Sun.) plan. The atomic bomb and lunar landing This Canadian thinks it is time to speak progra~ are excellent examples of achieve­ of us have received phone calls, letters, up, for the Americans as the most generous ment under government supervision and di­ and telegTams calling for fair and equi­ and possibly the least appreciated people on rection. But those programs were pursued a.s table treatment of energy users. an the earth. national objectives by government agencies The announcement by the administra­ As long as 60 years ago, when I first started with all-but-unlimited funds and a mini­ tion last week indicated the first "ox to to read newspapers, I read of floods on the mum of interference from other instruments be gored" was general aviation, as shown Yellow River and the Yangtse. Who rushed . of government and the pressures of the mar­ in the following proposed fuel reduc­ in the men and money to help? The Ameri­ ket place. I do not believe we can hope to tions: Air taxi and other essential serv­ cans did. parallel the Manhattan Project and lunar They have helped control floods on the landing sucQesses in our energy programs ices, 20 percent; business jet fuel, 40 per­ Nile, the Amazon, the Ganges, and the Niger. without corresponding relief from the legitl-. cent; and so-called pleasure and instruc­ Today the rich oottomland of the Missis­ mate but perhaps unaffordable pressures of tional flying, 50 percent. This action has sippi is under water, and no foreign land has "business as usual." Power plants are built apparently resulted in genuine concern sent a dollar to help. by electric utilities, most of which are inves­ by other citizens that "our ox might be Germany, Japan, and to a lesser extent, tor-owned, a~d all of which must go to the the next one_gored." . Britain and Italy, were lifted out of the m~ney markets to fund capital facilities and The amendment I introduced with Mr. debris of war by the Americans who poured to their regulatory commissions for rate ap­ ROONEY, would prohibit unreasonable in billions of dollars and forgave other bil­ proval, site approval, etc. Jn the al;>senc~ lions in debts. of a national comµiitment to X megawa:t~s: and discriminatory allocation of refined None of those countries is today paying of additional generating capacity of Y date-­ petroleum products and electrical energy even the interest on its remaining debts to conflicting requirements to the contrary a.nd . pr.oducts. The House Interstate and For­ the United States. notwithstanding-or a p.rm target of ~ mil­ eign Commerce Committee unanimously When the franc was in danger of collaps­ lion _barrels of total oil cons~tion by pas~ed t,he amendn:lent today. _ ing in 1966, it was the Americans who 39782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 propped it up and their reward was to be In­ In a recent edit,Jrial, the Bridgeport, sulted and swindled on the streets of Paris. one of seven bands which was chosen I was there, I saw it. Conn., Post commented: from outside the State of Texas, to par­ When distant cities are hit by earthquakes, The emergence of Mr. Ford during this ticipate in the festivities, and rightly so, it is the United States that hurries In to particularly troubled · time for the United · as their past record proves. help. Managua, Nicaragua, is one of the most States is reassuring for it tells us in con:­ The Highlanders, which have made recent examples. So far this year, 59 Ameri­ Vincing fashion that there are people in gov­ · numerous State and local parade appear­ can communities have been flattened by ernment who :.re fully worthy of our utmost ances, became nationally recognized in Tornadoes. Nobody has helped. trust. · 1966, when the Homestead High School The Marshall Plan, the Truman Policy, all group came to Washington, D.C., to pumped billions upon billions of dollars into I believe that comment is one with discouraged countries. Now newspapers in which most Americans will agree and I march in the Cherry Blossom Parade. those countries are writing about the dec­ think we are all fortunate to have him. Subsequent national appearances include adent warmongering Americans. Mr. Speaker, at this point in the REC­ participation in the 1970 first annual You talk about Japanese technocracy, and ORD, I include the complete editorial: Sugar Bowl Parade, in New Orleans, and you get radios. You talk about German LOOKING EEYOND a return trip to Washington, in 1972, to technocracy, and you get automobiles. You During the debate in the Senate on the once again appear in the Cherry Blos­ talk about American technocracy, and you som Parade. This performance earned find men on the moon, not once, but several nomination of Gerald R. Ford to be Vice times . . . and safely home again. President many senators made laudatory re­ for the Highlanders the highly coveted You talk about scandals, and the Ameri­ marks about the man. The vote was over­ "Best Band Trophy,'' after withstanding cans put theirs right in the store window for whelmingly in favor of the choice of the stiff competition from 49 other bands, everybody to look at. President, 92 to 3. representing various parts of the country. Even their draft-dodgers are not pursued The processing of Mr. Ford's nomination is This most recent honor, and the at­ and hounded. They are here on our streets, now, technically, at the halfway point. Soon tendant national television coverage on and most of them . . . unless they a.re the House of Representatives, where Mr. Ford has served for 25 years, will take action. January 1, constitutes a fine salute to breaking Canadian laws . . . a.re getting one of the Nation's outstanding high American dollars from Ma and Pa at home In the examination of Mr. Ford's back­ to spend here. ground and character ia; was readily apparent school bands. When the Americans get out of this that the senators and congressmen were not bind . . . as they will . . . who could blame looking to see whether he has the capacity them if they said, "The hell with the rest of to be Vice President. Their concern was the world. Let someone else buy the Israel much more, the presidency. THI! ENERGY CRISIS-AMERICA'S bonds. Let someone else build or repair for­ If such a burden should be placed on his RETURN TO NATIONALISM . eign dams or design foreign buildings that shoulders we are confident the 60-year-old won't shake apart in earthquakes." gentleman would be capable of assuming it I can name you 5,000 times when the and providing this nation with leadership. HON. BILL NICHOLS Americans raced to the help of other people The scrutiny of Mr. Ford provided the country with something which was badly OF ALABAMA in trouble. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Can you name me even one time when needed at this time. Americans saw that a someone else raced to the Americans In man _who !las been in government, poUtics if Wednesday, December 5, 1973 trouble? you will, most of his adult life, ts clean. I don't think there was outside help even Senator Philip A. Hart perhaps said it best Mr. NICHOLS. Mr. Speaker, Liberty during the San Francisco earthquake. as he addressed the posslbllity of Mr. Ford Lobby, an organization dedicated to pre­ Our neighbors have faced it alone, and I'm going beyond the office oi Vice President. "Mr. serving the best interests of the United one Canadian who is damned tired of hear­ Ford," said he liberal from Michigan, States of America, recently released a ing them kicked around. They will come out "would make a steady, decent, and believ­ report on the energy crisis. I have read of this thing with their flag high. And when able President." Another descriptive phrase was used in the report and find a great deal of good they do, they are entitled to thumb their information contained therein and I nose at the lands that are gloating over their assessing Gerry Ford the man: He is a decent present troubles. human being. respectfully call this report to the atten­ Assuming that an individual through his tion of each and every Member of Con­ natural talents, training, and experience has gress: the capacity to serve in public office, the only THE ENERGY CRISIS--AMERICA'S RETURN TO way to judge the person is by his character. NATIONALISM - A VOTE FOR JERRY FORD When that question is a-sked about Mr. Ford, the answer can only be of a positive Today the world is divided into the indus­ nature. trially-developed and the so-called inctu.s­ HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY The emergence of Mr. Ford during this trially-aeveloping nations. Among others, OF CONNECTICUT particularly troubled time for the United one important difference between the two groups is th.at on the average the developed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States is reassuring for it tells us in con­ vincing fashion that there a.re people in nations use 10 times as much energy per Wednesday, December 5, 1973 government who are fully worthy of our capita as the developing col.mtries. utmost trust. No matter how discouraged The use of energy by the developed na­ Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, I do not tions has been steadily increasing. The de­ make it a practice to annotmce my vote we may become over events in Washington, let no one forget that men and women of mand for energy can be conveniently ex­ on any issue in advance but there is no integrity constitute an impressive majority pressed in terms of an equivalent: barrels doubt that when this Hot:.se takes under in our government. of oil used per day (bpd). In July 1973, its consideration the confirmation of it was reliably predicted that in the 15 Congressman FoRD as Vice President, I year period from 1970 through 1985, the intend to respond with an emphatic demand for energy in Japan would expand 200 % to 15 million bpd; in Europe, 100 % "yes." HOMESTEAD IDGHLANDERS AT to 4 million bpd; and in the U.S., 93% to Having served with the distinguished THE CO'ITON BOWL 64 mlllion bpd. Although expressed in terms minority leader thes~ past 3 ~ years, I only of oil, these demands represent the have come to iearn the value of holding total a.mount of energy anticipated to be one's counsel until all the facts are in. HON. GLENN R. DAVIS requh·ed from whatever sources-and right now these sources consist primarily of wood; Characteristically, JERRY has often OF WISCONSIN imparted the wisdom inherent in listen­ the fos.sil fuels, coal, oil, and natural gas; and ing to both sides of the story. Frankly, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nuclear power. - · Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Estimates indicate that in 15 years the Mr. Speaker, I will miss having JERRY potential demand for oil in the non-com­ FoRD in the House and there is little Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, munist world will reach 123 million bpd; doubt that the executive branch's gain January 1 will be a proud day for many and that three-fourths of this demand-or will be th~ legislative branch's loss. people in southeastern Wisconsin as· the 92 mllllon bpd-wlll exist in the U.S., Eu­ Through the weeks of hearings, the Homestead Highlander Band, of Thiens­ rope and .Japan. The same figures show that American people have come to know that ville-Mequon, Wis.-in the Ninth Con-· in two years, at the current rate of increase in consumption, . the U.S. will ha.ve to im­ what all of us have known through our gressional District, of course~marches port oil at the ra.te of 9.5 mllllon bpd; and association with h~m. His candor, his in the annual 1974 Cotton Bowl Parade that by 1985, this . :.mporta.tion would ex­ ability and most importantly, his decen­ in Dallas, Tex. Under the direction or" Mr. ceed 15 million bpd. To meet such a potential cy have come through clearly; to all. William Confare, the 103-piece group is demand in excess of the 7 million bpd now December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39783 obtained from foreign wells, almost all of of Interior, has pointed out several esoteric Liberty Lobby has warned, for many years, such additional imports will have to come sources of oil. For example, while we may of the dangers inherent in internationalism from the Mideast and Africa. Plainly speak­ rightly anticipate 10 billion barrels of oil but these warnings have fallen on deaf ears ing, it is a crime that our governmental to come to us through the Alaska pipeline, because of the vast profits to be made in negligence let these facts be continuously five times that amount is available through prostituting the American economy and ignored since they were put forward two a process known as "tertiary recovery." And raping the American taxpayer chasing will­ decades ago by oil experts. "heavy oil"-which simply _means that it o'-the-wisp goals throughout the world. Now, At this writing, no oil reaches the U.S. has a viscosity requiring something other it should be plain to everyone that only a directly from the Mideast. With dramatic than conventional pumping methods--is policy of economic nationalism and the total but perhaps shortsighted initiative, the oil­ available in the continental U.S. in the repudiation of the irresponsibility of inter­ rich Arabs have decided to exercise their un­ startling amount of 160 billion barrels. nationalism can solve the energy problem deniable right to stop exporting oil. This What's more, Professor Singer says there are and, at the same time, assure the economic activates an economic weapon, one designed 700 billion barrels of "heavy oil" in Canada, and political survival of America. to compel the U.S. to modify its unrestrained and even more than that in Venezuela. That the economic dynamic of America military support of Israel. As t:tie price of oil has been boosted by the has been turned inward by the Arab boycott THREE CHOICES action of the Arabs, it also becomes econom­ of oil is the underlying significance and t he true importance of the energy crisis. These circumstances brlng the oil-insat ia­ ically feasible to commence commercial ex­ ble developed nations of the world to a traction of oil from Canadian ."sand tars." clearly defined three-pronged fork in the The largest hydrocarbon resource in the road. One leads to accommodation of the world is "oil shale," and most of it is found Arab viewpoint. One leads to take-over of the in the western U.S. Oil from this source is INTERNATIONAL TRADE BILL Mideast oil fields by threat or use of military now commercially feasible. In a more mun­ action. One leads to a desperate quest for dane sense, of course, we can drill more off­ self-sufficiency with respect to energy. It is shore wells and step up the output from our HON. JOHN H. DENT worthwhile briefly to examine each of these existing oil reserves. If the drive for all or OF PENNSYLVANIA any of these sources of oil were started to­ choices. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In an open letter to the American people day, however, it would be three to five years before Americans could return to a reason­ Wednesday, December 5, 1973 (Washington Post, Nov. 14, 1973), the Arabs able use of this fuel commodity. There prob­ firmly and clearly stated that their halt in ably will never again be a return to the Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, I take this the flow of oil to the U.S. " ... will hold until wasteful practices of the past quarter cen­ time to acquaint the Congress with very such a time when the Israeli forces are totally tury. withdrawn from all occupied Arab territories important information on the coming and the legitimate rights of the Palestinian OTHER SOURCES OF ENERGY vote on the Nixon-sponsored interna­ people are restored." It is quite unlikely that In the quest for self-sufficiency in energy. tional trade bill. the Israelis will willingly return either land oil is only the beginning. There is no reason The vote is slated for Monday, Decem­ or rights, and because the multi-faceted in­ at all for an imaginative, inventive, and ber 10. fluence of the Jewish community in this technologically sophisticated nation (with It is important for Congress to know country is stronger than the rule of either vast natural resources) to be unable to that the whole body of the AFL-CIO is Congress or the Administration to resist, provide its own certain and secure energy opposing this new effort to decimate the there ls little chance that the U.S. can or sources. A few of the foreseeable means re­ will leave Israel to an unkind fate. Thus, for quire only t:tl,e application of appropriate ·American work force by continuing the the time being, there is stalemate. disciplines: breeder and ultra high tempera­ devastating trade policies that have But if a;bandonment of Israel is not appeal­ ture nuclear reactors, as well as new or ex­ brought the Nation to its highest degree ing to American politicians, neither are the panded hydroelectric installations, to pro~ of dependency upon foreign imports consequences of a worsening energy short­ vide electricity; utilization of solid waste to than any bill passed in our history. age. To the people of Western Europe and generate steam and solar radiation to heat We have lost our initiative for survival ·Japan the situation is even more critical­ spaces; and even windmills and watermills to In both peace and war. Our people are .to the point of sheer survival. It is almost harness the virtually infinite energy in the losing their skills and their willingness unthinkable that nearly one billion human winds and waves. Of these, the worst is nu­ beings occupying the oil-thirsty developed clear power because of the highly danger­ to protect both their economy and in­ nations will meekly sink into another Dark ous radioactive waste which ls generated with deed our Nation. Jobs are not considered Age because of being denied that form of the energy. There is literally no place on essential to our welfare according to the energy, without first convulsively trying to earth to dispose of this lethal waste, which terms of this trade proposal. Without a reach the wells by whatever means possible­ retains its dangerous character for millen­ doubt of any kind, this legislation will certainly not excluding the violence of war, nimns. have more effect upon our job economy a. resort historically not unknown under far Rep. Mike McCormack (D-Wash.) has in­ troduced H.R. 11212, which would provide than any bill passed in our history. less provocation. Columnist-oil baron William It is a complete and final abdication F. Buckley, Jr., has already probed this op­ the necessary research and development of tion. Given the real personal hardships pilot plants to demonstrate the practicality of all of the jurisdictional prerogatives caused by such things as unemployment, in­ of capturing geothermal energy by two re­ and constitutional authority of the Con­ flation, cold living and working quarters, and markable, unconventional procedures. One is gress over international trade. customs, limited availability of mobility and electric/ "hot dry rock"-which is ". . . the heated tariffs or excises. electromechanical appliances, it is more than bedrock lying beneath the surface of the The labor opposition is contained in a a philosophical question as to how long the earth at depths of 12,000 to 20,000 feet. It letter attached hereto from President American people-much less the Europeans­ is believed that electrical power can be gen­ erated from steam produced by injecting George Meany of the AFL-CIO. Mr. would sacrifice for principle and peace. But Meany was forced by two circumstances there are two insuperable obstacles, as well water through holes drilled into these hot as a host of others. For one, the Soviet Union rock formations ... hopefully, dry steam beyond his control to rush out a last min­ undoubtedly would react to our contemplated would be blown to the surface through an­ ute position paper. invasion of the Mideast as swiftly and reso­ other hole." The other unique procedure in­ First. The Ways and Means Commit­ lutely as we did to theirs. For another, where volves exploring large "geopressured" zones tee under acting Chairman ULLMAN of would we get the oil for such an expensive in the earth--great pockets of water under Oregon unexpectedly and without a pub­ military effort in the first place? tremendous pressure which the National Sci­ ence Foundation estimates contain up to lic notice arranged to have the bill called THE ROAD TO SELF-SUFFICIENCY 2,700 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. up in the last week of this session. This The third option, the road to self-suffici­ was done in spite of the published re­ ency, seems not only to be practical but THE UNDERLYING SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ENERGY ports in the national press that the legis­ also the only one not shrouded in the in­ CRISIS lation would not be voted on until the calculable costs of things other than our What has not been pointed out in any dis­ second session of Congress in 1974. own time and money. And, fortunately, the cussion of the energy crisis is the most im­ more fully we examine this option the more portant of all. The unexpected events of the Labor was kept from doing its normal apparent ts the possibility, in time, of real past two months result in a signlflcance and effective job of alerting their mem­ success. vastly more important than America's bers and the public in general of the In the first place, it seems the U.S. ac­ changed relationship with Israel and the dangers contained in this bad trade tually has access to enough coal and oil to Arabs. It ls that the economic dynamic for proposal. keep us going for 300 or 400 years. All we internationalism ls seriously weakened by Not the lea.st of its bad provisions is have to do is get down to the hard (and these events, and the dynamic for a policy the establishment of what can be termed expensive) business of going after it. S. Fred of economic nationalism has been estab­ a Trade Czar in the person of the Presi­ Singer, formerly Deputy Assistant Secretary lished. dent of the United States in all matters 39784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 of trade, and in fact over the jobs and straints on MFN and credits to the Soviet CUSTOMS BROKERS welfare of millions of Americans. Union. Based on number of persons handling im­ Second. The importers have raised Consider these facts: ports in the entire company, includlrig The present trade bill has been withdrawn branches in other cities: more money to pass this bill than any from floor action three times because ot single bill in my 42 years of legislative "unfavorable" events; Employees contribution life. I will submit for the record a letter The bill's strongest backers admit publicly sent out in the early days of the introduc­ 1-10 ------$150 that support for the bill is eroding; 11-20 ------200 tion of this proposal. Even a 6-year-old The N.Y. Times reported on December 4 21-30 ------250 kid can figure the amount raised to be in that "higher unemployment next year" would reinforce strong opposition to the 31-40 ------300 the upper millions of dollars. 41-50 ------350 Where is the money coming from? bill; The Common Market nations and Japan 51-60 ------400 From the pockets of American consumers quickly capitulated in the face of the Arab Over 60 ------450 who pay $40 for a Japanese portable oil embargo, demonstrating their overriding ATTOB.NEYS radio that cost an importer $13.40 includ­ concern with putting their own economic Based on number of attorneys directly con­ ing tariff, freight, and insurance. It is self-interests ahead of any American con­ cerned with imports and international trade: my understanding that importers are all siderations. Attorneys contribution over the Hill advising Members that the In view of the fact that world-wide rapid AFL-CIO and other labor groups are not changes are occurring which will deeply af­ 1 ------$175 opposing this bill This letter will put fect not only the American economy but 2 ------225 that rumor to rest. _America 's position with respect to trade with 3 ------275 the rest of the world, approval of an Admin­ 4 ------325 The profits in foreign trade are used istration trade bill tailored to a set of cir­ 5 ------375 to influence elections, to r-ecure passage cumstances which are becoming obsolete 6 ------425 of favorable bills, and to defeat members with each passing hour would be the height Over 6 ------476 that :fight fo:. American jobs from Amer­ of folly. BANKS, STEAMSHIP LINES, INSURANCE ican made and union made products. Sincerely, COMPANIES GEORGE MEANY, President. As chairman of the committee that $1,000 handles minimum wage, I can testify to Enclosure. the runaway overseas industries that pay To: AIA Members slave wages to produce products for the AIA NEEDS YOUR DOLLARS Now ! ! To OPPOSE U.S. market with profit margins that LABOR'S NEW PROTECTIONIST BILL IN CON­ THE REGRETTABLE DEPARTURE OF would astonish Members of Congress. GRESS AND THE SURCHARGE THE HONORABLE WILLIAM KEAT­ The labor force feels the initial in­ I! Organiz.ed Labor has its way there will ING juries from bad trade policies. The non­ be quotas on all imports on a category-by production worker can linger a little category, country-by-country basis equal to longer by being fed out of the Treasury the average imports for 1965-69. Each year HON. JOSHUA EILBERG through the various agencies of national, .the quotas w1ll be changed up or down to OF PENNSYLVANIA State, and local government. keep the import penetration o! the U.S. mar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ket at the 1965-69 level. There will be no off­ The balloon will burst, if this bill is set for reduced import of products which Tuesday, December 4, 19'/3 passed within the next 5 years and decline due to market factors. Mr. Ell.JBERG. Mr. Speaker, I would this Nation will suffer its greatest crisis AIA has begun a vigorous campaign on be­ like to express my sadness at the coming it has ever known. half of all its members to oppose this bill departure of the Honorable WILLIAM The letters follow: now before Congress; and to seek immediate KEATING who represents the First Dis­ .AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR AND termination of the surcharge. But, AIA's ac­ CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANI­ tions are limited by the amount o! money trict of Ohio. ZATIONS, collected so far. During my chairmanship of the Sub­ Washington, D.O., December 5, 1973. One month ago, AIA asked !or contribu­ committee on Immigration, Citizenship, DEAR CONGRESSMAN: Next week, the House tions. Many members have sent in their and International Law, it has indeed will be voting on the Nixon Administration's share of the money needed, and AIA thanks been a pleasure and personal honor to trade bill (H.R. 10710). them !or their quick action. However there work closely with BILL, the subcommit­ The AFL-CIO finds this bill worse than no are many more members who have not sent tee's ranking minority member. BILL'S in their checks. bill at all. We urge that you vote to defeat exemplary leadership left no doubt in my it. We urge all members who have not con­ As it now stands, the bill has been written tributed yet to do so as quickly as possible. mind that he is an individual whose leg­ almost completely to White House specifica­ Please read the accompanying schedule of islative decisions were guided by deep tions. Its key feature is the grant to the contributions. These are the recommended personal integrity and humanitarian President of unprecedented and sweeping minimums. principles. new executive powers which he may use­ The threats to your livelihood a.re real. It is currently quite common to hear of unhindered by the normal restraints o! Presi­ They are here now. Action must be taken to the lack of quality leadership among our dential powers-to permanently alter the oppose them now. It takes a great deal of elected representatives. BILL epitomizes structure of foreign trade a.nd the structure money-but 1! everyone contributes his quality leadership. He has demonstrated of the U.S. economy. share--we may be able to obtain an earlier fair­ The one feature of the measure not writ­ rescission of the surcharge and stall Labor's courage, dignity, and a real sense of ten to White House specifications, however, drive for quotas. ness. His ability to constructively oppose concerns the granting of most-favored­ Please send In your check today. and disagree was always with a sense of nation status to the Soviet Union. Title IV Sincerely, ultimately achieving a workable, satis­ denies the extension of MFN to nations un­ KURT ORBAN, President. factory solution for all. He continually less they permit free emigration. Further, displayed the highest respect for his op­ under procedures allowed in the rule, an SuGGESTED SCALE FOR CONTRmUTIONS position. His delightful sense of humor will amendment be offered to this provision IMPORTERS (INCLUDING AGENTS, RETAILERS, during numerous hearings in many long by Rep. Charles Vanik (D., Ohio) which CENTRAL PURCHASING OFFICES) would deny the extension o! credits by the tedious markup sessions will long be ap­ United States to the Soviet Union. Dollar volume of imports preciated and remembered. The AFL-CIO supports these restrictions (In millions) contribution BILL was educated at the University of on the extension of MFN to the Soviet Union, Under $1 ------=-- $150 Cincinnati, receiving degrees both fxom and urges you to support Title IV and vote the College of Business Administration for the Vanik amendment. We would then 1-5 ------350 5-10 --~------550 and the College of Law. During World urge you to vote to defeat the entire bill. 10-15 ------750 War II, he served with the Navy and was we believe that the far more logical ap­ 15-20 ---~--~------950 commissioned as a first lieutenant in the proach to the pressing problems created by 20-25 ------1,150 Air Force Reserve. BILL was apPointed in this nation's trade policies and by the grow­ 25-30 ------1,350 December 1958 as judge of the Cincin­ ing world-wide energy crisis is for the 30-40 ------1,550 nati Municipal Court, where he was later House to reject the bill now before it and 40-50 ------1,750 turn to writing a new trade bill in 1974 when 50-60 ------·------1, 950 elected to the Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas on January 1, 1965 where· the prsent turmoil of events does not cloud 60-70 ------·2,150 the scene. A strong, assertive trade bill in 70-80 ------2,350 he served until August 1, 1967. 1974 should, of course, contain strong re- Over 80 ------2, 550 In 1967 BILL took office as a member Decernber 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39785 of the Cincinnati City Council and He was able to dramatize the free world's WHY WE NEED THE NATIONAL majority leader and chairman of the early warning defense structure, and HEALTHCARE ACT Finance Committee where he worked for activate a new aerospace defense concept. 3 years. The challenge presented to Shiely was In addition to being a member of the varied and complex, with particular pres­ HON. WILLIAM H. HUDNUT Ill Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizen­ sures resulting from fiscal and manpower OF INDL\NA ship, and International Law, he is a restrictions. Nonetheless, General Shiely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES member of the Judiciary Cl'ime Subcom­ was able to stay within his stipulated mittee. He is also a member of the Rep­ budget and secure the type of structure Wednesday, December 5, 1973 ublican Task Force on Aging, the Task the Air Force sought to esablish, deter­ Mr. HUDNUT. Mr. Speaker, one of the Force on Health Care and the Special mining with precision the benefits and greatest problems facing the second ses­ 'I'ask Force on Election Reform. ·liabilities of every potential program. sion of the 93d Congress will be national The contributions of BILL KEATING in His span of interest included activities in healthcare. This morning I delivered a numerous legislative areas will indeed many countries and his programs sup­ speech to the International Foundation be sorely missed. His remarkably lead­ ported some 23 United States and allied of Employee Benefit Plans National ership was instrumental in securing the agencies, each with varying and complex Health Insurance Legislative Update House passage of two significant im­ mission requirements. Seminar entitled, "Why We Need the migration proposals-H.R. 981, which In all, he managed some 20,000 pro­ National Healthcare Act," and I would provides for the orderly admission of curements actions costing over one bil­ like to insert it in the RECORD: Western Hemisphere immigrants, and lion dollars. General Shiely brought to WHY WE NEED THE NATIONAL HEALTHCARE AC'l H.R. 982, which helps combat the illegal production, before schedule and at a cost (By Congressman WILLL\M II. HUDNUT) alien problem. His experience as a munic­ underrun, the airborne warning and Today we are being bombarded by constant ipal court judge gave him keen insight control system about which Air Force talk of crisis-the energy problem, inflation, into the practical application of legisla­ Secretary Robert C. Seamans has said: Watergate and so on, ad infinitum. It ls no tion making his skill as a drafter of The success of U .S. forces in future con­ wonder that the public at large ls anxious legislation truly available. filcts may well depend on the availab1Uty of and nervous about what's going on in our I wish BILL well in the exciting chal­ AWACS to counter numerically superior beloved country. lenge which await him. Though his con­ opposition. Understandably, the central concern of Americans has to do with those issues that stituents will lose his assistance and At a time when Congress hears much hit directly at the individual's life. leadership in the political sense, BILL'S about so-called cost overruns, I think we All of a sudden, in this land of plenty, we leadership will certainly be a valuable should also hear about our successes and find that there is not enough petroleum to go addition to the public service area. I the dedicated men like General Shiely around; shortages of natural gas; a con­ know everyone will benefit by the skills tinued inflation that hits hardest in the basic who make cost underruns possible. areas of life; food, housing and clothing. and expertise he will bring to the Cin­ In addition to his superb work with the cinnati Enquirer as its new president. Certainly when the cost of living in the military over the past 36 years, Gen. first half of 1973 rose at an annual rate o1 Mrs. Eilberg and I wish BILL and his Albert R. Shiely has contributed sub­ eight percent, when food prices rose by 25 family much happiness and success in stantially to the community in which he percent, when interest rates reached the thefutw·e. lives, most recently as chairman of the highest point in more than 40 years, there community council which serves a liaison was plenty of cause for alarm. It is no consolation to Americans that function for Hanscom with the towns of many of the most advanced nations of the GENERAL AL SHIELY RETffiES Bedford, Concord, Lexington, and Lin- · world share most of these same problems-­ coln. His managerial talents have been even higher rates of inflation, severe food particularly helpful in community rela­ and other shortages, and in Europe and HON. PAUL W. CRONIN tions since the cutbacks at military bases Japan, the prospect o! even greater energy OF MASSACHUSETTS and relocation of aircraft. Hanscom is problems as the result of Arab oil embargoes. Against this backdrop of anxiety, I believe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES partially in Lexington and adjoins Con­ cord where our Nation was born. Gen­ it ts critically important in this time period Wednesday, December 5, 1973 that Congress maintain a strong sense of eral Shiely has been involved in every priorities and continue to work to solve not Mr. CRONIN. Mr. Speaker, the tech­ aspect of this area's planning for the ob-. only the high visibility problems like those nical strides made by the Defense De­ servance of our Bicentennial. Without previously cited but these problems of long­ partment in the communications field bis help and that of the Air Force, the standing and complexity which also deeply since 1960 have often been immense, observance would leave much to be de­ affect th& quality of life in America. and their overall impact has revolution­ sired. One such problem ls health care. In fiscal 1972, Americans spent $83.4 billion for per­ ized the country's defense posture. These General Shiely, although a native of sonal health care--nearly eight percent of the changes have been made so rapidly they the State of Minnesota, has worked hard Gross National Product. Tha,t amount rep­ have often overwhelmed the most astute in his adopted home and has done much resented more than twice the sum spent for experts. !or the area. He has shown his dedica­ health care in fiscal 1965. Yet 52 percent of Only a special type of individual can tion to the fine standards of the Air this increase was attributable to inflation keep up with the demands of a large and Force in both his official and unofficial rather than purchase of additional health complicated, continuously changing phe­ activities. Both the General and his gra­ services. nomenon such as Defense Communica­ In the current dialogue of crisis problems; cious wife, Edith, have given generously not as much has been heard about health tions. I have had the privilege and the of their time to both the Air Force and care-but it is a domestic problem of tre­ pleasure of knowing such an individual their community. He has announced mendous significance, and one which has both as an official of the Air Force and that he will retire in January of 1974. He been deeply affected by the ravaging fires of a community leader in my own congres­ leaves behind a record of substantial inflation. sional district. achievement and there is no doubt that Not long ago Presidential Assistant Mel Since November 1971, Maj. Gen. Albert Laird reported that health care costs have he will be sorely missed by his coworkers. been rising at twice the rate of the Cost of R. Shiely, Jr., has been the commander General Shiely has inspired many, not of the Air Force Electronic Systems Di­ Living Index. It is a documented fact that the least of whom is his only son. a the cost of hospitalization in metropolitan vision which is headquartered at Lau­ areas, particularly, frequently exceeds an rence Hanscom Field in Bedford, Mass. graduate of the Air Force Academy, who now serves on active duty with the Air equivalent stay in a luxury resort hotel. The Electronic Systems Division-ESD­ Something is badly askew in our domestlo has a mission to plan, program and Force. priorities when essential services like health design, and manage the acquisition of It is my personal privilege at this time care cost so much. It becomes a paradox in command, control, and communications to honor a great American, Gen. Al a Nation which has so advanced the state of systems for the U.S. Air Force and other Shiely and on behalf of all of us in the the medical arts that people !ear the eco­ Congress for doing what he has for the nomic consequences of having to avail them­ Department of Defense agencies. During selves of these marvelous services. this time General Shiely was called upon residents of the Fifth Massachusetts For too long now, Americans have Jived ln to manage the acquisition of these sys­ Congressional District and the United fear that a major illness or a catastrophic tems for the Nation's aerospace forces. States of America. accident will destcoy not only the health ot

83-059 0 - 75 - 2505 Pt 30 39786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 197·3 the patient but the economic security of the eral agency. And it recognizes that the tax­ Thanks ls due a lot of people, but among victim's family. payer should not have to pay through the all who have worked hard to achieve this Therefore, I believe Congress should a.ct to nose to get this coverage. legislation is Ada Deer, who is chairper­ bring health costs down and to protect the How about cost? average citizen against the threat of eco­ The National Healthcare Act would cost son of the Menominee Common Stock nomic ruin because of a ca.ta.stropic illness an estimated $8.1 billion in its first year and Voting Trust. In her typical fashion, or accident. But I don't believe we need any of operation, compared to an estimated $70 she gives credit to everyone else as is in­ vast new federal apparatus to do the job. billion or more for the Kennedy-Griffiths dicated by the letter w1:J.ich follows: Iustead, I think we should harness the skills bill. Further, it does NOT establish a gian1; WASHINGTON, D.C., and experience that now exist in the privat.e administrative bureaucracy as does the November 29, 1973. sector and focus them more effectively on Kennedy Bill, which over a period of ti.ne Hon. LLOYD MEEDS, cur growing problems in the health field. would prove even more costly. Experience Cannon House Office Building, That's why I co-sponsored and support has shown us that federal agencies, once Washington, D.C. H.R. 6200, the National Healthcare Act of created, tend to grow and grow. DEAR LLOYD: On behalf of the Menominee 1973. This bill addresses itself to the full Overall, this bill tries to reach solutions Indian Tribe, we would like to express our range of health care problems--not just part to our health care problems by the most deep appreciation for all the work you have of them. And it does so at far less cost to efficient and least expensive route. I think done to secure passage of the Menominee the taxpayer than other proposed legisla­ it preserves what is good in our health care Restoration Act. It has been a true pleasure tion-particularly the bill introduced by system and provides improvement where to work with you in your capacity as Chair­ Senator Edward Kennedy and Representa­ that system is weak. It does not throw out man of the House · Subcommittee on Indian tive Martha Griffiths, which would create a what we have taken years to build in the Affairs. Your legislative skills, your commit­ whole new federal agency to administer a health care field and replace it with a nP,W, ment to our tribe's cause, and your tremen­ program of national health insurance. untried system. It is a partnership ap­ dous dedication have been of inestimable The bill I support, introduced by Con­ proach-and that is entirely in character value to us in our struggle to retain our lands gressman Omar Burleson of Texas and Sena­ with our national traditions. and our rights as a tribal people. tor Thomas Mcintyre of New Hampshire, has Personally, I believe that ~he kind of leg­ We would like you to convey our apprecia­ more than 46 co-sponsors in the House. It islation sponsored by Senator Kennedy- and tion to the members of the House of Repre­ builds on a base of the private health in­ Congressman Griffiths would mean the end sentatives, 93d Congress, for the overwhelm­ surance system we now have in America and of the health insurance industry-and that ing vote with which they passed the Menom­ makes this know-how more responsive to poses yet another economic threat in our inee Restoration Act (H.R. 10717). Special meeting the needs of all citizens by estab­ Nation, to the employees, the policy holders thanks are due to the members of the Sub­ lishing federal standards which guarantee and the stockholders. committee on Indian Affairs, the Committee that all persons, whether poor or earning a I think the Kennedy-Griffiths bill, which on Interior and Insular Affairs, and to the good living, will receive the same quality of calls for a new 3.5 percent payroll tax on sponsors of the bill for their sensitivity and health ca.re service. employers and a 1 percent tax on employees, leadership in supporting and obtaining pas­ I believe this proposal has many advan­ poses the possibility of burdening payrolls sage of this act. tages. with yet another tax. I also think the ex­ Our own Congressman, Harold V. Froeh­ One is that it deals effectively with the tension of the Social Security payroll tax lich, and our former Congressman, David R. threat of catastrophic illness. Under H.R. for the first time to private -retirement bene­ Obey, also deserve our thanks for their out­ 6200, any person who incurs $5,000 of medical ~ts to help finance the Kennedy-Griffiths bill standing and diligent efforts on our behalf. expenses in a 12-month period would be­ ¥> a precedent all Americans would come to Manuel Lujan is another to be commended come eligible for up to $250,000 of insurance regret. for the special effort he made in coming to To me, the proponents of this legislati"n­ Wisconsin to hold hearings on the legislation coverage-even if that first $5,000 is already and for his continued efforts on our behalf covered by ins~a.nce. by trying to paint the existing health sys­ tem as a bad one, run by evll men, are thereafter. w_e would like to express our sor­ Second, the bill provides that the poor, the falling prey to the old myth of scapegoat!ng. row at the death of Congressman John P. near-poor and people who have been con­ Saylor, who had been a supporter of restora­ sidered uninsurable from various reasons Health care today has many problems, buli there a.re no heroes and no goats. There is tion and a long-time advocate of Menominee will be covered through a state pool plan, plenty of blame to go around on all sides. rights. subsidized by federal and state funds. Under The problem, like so many we face in to­ This progressive legislation, once enacted, this plan, the poor w:ould have their insur­ will serve to pull the Menominee Tribe back ~nce cost pa.id by the pool, which the nea.r­ d~y·s world, is complex--caused by many situations whfch has evolved over a period from the brink of the economic social, and poor and the previously uninsurable would of time. cultural destruction brought on by termina­ pay a proportion based on their income levels. . That's why I favor the National Health­ tion. Passage of this legislation will enable Others would be covered by group or in­ care Act approach or other approaches the.-;; our tribe to pursue its goals of community dividual health plans which meet federal will take into consideration and use the and economic development, and to direct its standards. These would be paid for in much private enterprise system rather than create energies and resources toward bettering the the same manner as group or individual in­ a vast new Federal Bureaucracy. • lives of individual tribal members. surance is paid for today. The difference As we move toward the second session of Our restoration and the anticipated estab­ would be that federal standards would re­ the 93rd Congress, I believe we will look lishment of a sound tribal government will quire a uniform quality of coverage. Em­ quite seriously at the problems of health demonstrate more than just a tribal success ployers or individuals would receive tax in­ care in America.. Solving our health neeo.s for our people-it will usher in a whole new centives to assure that comprehensive bene­ requires a reasoned and balanced approach. era of hope for Native Americans. As Vine fits are maintained. In my view H.R. 6200, the National Health­ Deloria put it in hearings this Spring, the Another idea that makes sense is the pro­ care Act, has that kind of approach. Of Menominee Restoration Act will provide "the vision for ambulatory health care. This legis­ course, the final version approved by the first really concrete proof to the American lation recognizes that hospital costs a.re soar­ Committee will probably be a compromised Indians that the American system really ing because of heavy demand for hospital version of the three proposals which offer works; it is not simply a case of a.mending ca.re. With this in mind, it provides for estab­ an alternative to the Kennedy-Griffiths bill. laws. It is a case of undoing the injustices of lishing ambulatory health care centers to the past and doing the justices of today." I _hope you . will join me in working for Once again, our thanks to you for your diagnose and treat many conditions which this kind of legislation. And I know that now require costly hospitalization. These with your support, we can enact the kind personal assistance and to the outstanding ambulatory centers would take the pressure of bill that is. responsive without being ex­ work of your staff. off hospital facilities and free more rooms pensive-a bill that is productive but pru­ Sincerely, for major cases. AnAE. DEER, dent-a bill that seeks to build and not Chairperson, Menominee Common Stock Furthermore, the bill also directs a number destroy. Thank you. of efforts toward training medical personnel and Voting Trust. and distributing them to those parts of the country where capable health staff a.re in short supply-a worry we find right now in some communities throughout Indiana.. THE MENOMINEE RESTORATION RELEASE OF 1900 CENSUS Rural communities and small cities would ACT SCHEDULES have a better cha.nee of getting the doctors and nurses they need. H.R. 6200 also provides for better plan­ HON. LLOYD MEEDS ning efforts a.t the local and national level, HON. RICHARD C. WHITE so a.11 facilities and personnel a.re used prop­ OF WASHINGTON OF TEXAS erly-and wisely. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In short, the bill I support will meet Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Wednesday, December 5, 1973 many facets o! the health ca.re problem in America, and it will do so without affecting Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, on October Mr. WHITE. Mr. Speaker, on Monday, anyone's freedom of choice. It meets he!l.lth 16, 1973, the House of Representatives December· 3, · 1973; the Arehivist of the problems without creating yet another fed- passed the Menominee Restoration Act. United States announced that the sched- Decernber 5, 19 73 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39787 ules of the 1900 Census of Population, DAVID BEN-GURION CRY IS ALWAYS "CONTROLS" heretofore closed to public access, had been opened for legitimate historical. genealogical, legal, and statistical re­ search, with appropriate safeguards to HON. FRANK J. BRASCO HON. BILL ARCHER prevent unwarranted invasions of pri­ OF NEW YORK OP TEXAS vacy. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This action was the goal of an amend­ Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Wednesday, December 5, 1973 ment I sponsored, as chairman of the Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, David­ Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, the impo­ Subcommittee on Census and Statistics, Gurion has passed from this life in body, sition of wage and price controls has to H.R. 7762-the mid-decade sample but will always live in the minds and proved to be a !ailure ar.d we need to re­ survey/census confidentiality bill-which hearts of his people in spirit. For he was turn as soon as possible to a market was unanimously reported to the House a new kind of Hebrew. He translated the economy based on supply and demand. by the Post Office and Civil Service Com­ Jews of Europe's ghettos into the Too often we :find that any time a prob­ mittee on June 4 of this year. Hebrews of Israel. Many men dream, but lem comes to our attention, the natural Until last Monday, historians, geneal­ few men realize. Ben-Gurion was a reaction is to adopt a program which will ogists, certain religious groups, and lay realizer of dreams-perhaps the oldest increase the role of the Federal Gov­ persons tracing their family trees have dream of all. ernment and impose additional controls only had access to the censuses covering After 20 years of oppression, persecu­ on our citizens. The Houston Chronicle the years 1790 through 1880. The 1890 tion and diaspora, Ben-Gurion took c;arried a perceptive eclltor1al on thiS census records were, with the exception Theodore Herzl's dream and made it into irend on November 18, 1973, entitled of a few fragments, totally destroyed by a nation. Recognizing that people must "Cry Is Always 'Controls' ": fire. The release of the 1900 records will build their future with their own hands, CltY Is ALWAYS "CoNTJlOLS" thus open up a vital 20-year period in he translated Jews of Eastern Europe this Nation's history to legitimate re­ There is an increasing smell o! regimen­ into agricultural settlers, infusing them tation in the air and it 1s not a pretty search. Moreover, the genealogical data with an energy unthinkable in their prospect. made available by those records will be towns of origin. Shortages, problems and scandals are heav­ of great help to persons from certain Along with their desire and ability to en-sent opportunities for those whose natural States-Oklahoma, for example-whose build a new land came a new dignity and inclination 1s toward governmental planning areas and ancestors were not covered by and control o! economics, institutions and self-respect. And suddenly Tevya the life-styles. the 1880 census. milkman lifted his head and his eye For over two decades, the release of This 1s always !or the "good" o! the peo­ from the ground, and himself out of the ple--as that "good" 1s defined by those who the 1900 records has been an issue o~ gutter and the shtetl, and became a man. want to do the controlling. Whether people dispute between the Census Bureau and It is a far cry from the walls of Jeru­ want to have someone determining what ts the National Archives. I wish to commend salem and the heights of Masada to the good !or them doesn't seem to enter into the Archivist and the Director of the tiny towns of Galicia and Lithuania, but the thinking. Bureau for mutually resolving this issue the Jews made that journey, led by Ben­ There are problems and scandals with po­ to their satisfaction. litical campaign contributions. So the cry Gurion. is to tum all the financing over to the When I introduced my amendment to His accomplishments will be listed by federal government. Well, if you are going H.R. 7762, I was acutely aware of the many, so I shall not attempt to do so. to hand out the taxpayers' money you have philosophical issues raised by the ques­ We all know what he did. Rather I wish to have rules on who gets it (that is, who tion of whether to release the 1900 cen­ to pay tribute above all to what he -can be a candidate) and how it ls to be sus records. On the one hand, I very epitomized. spent (that ts, how a candidate can cam­ paign). Is the country really willing to much believe in the protection of indi­ That the Jewish people shall prevail turn over its precious right o! an open and viduals from illegal and unethical inva­ over their foes, conquer their fears, and unfettered electoral process to a federal bu­ sions o{ their privacy, and have cospon­ evolve to a new level of nationhood and .reaucracy and its controls? sored legislation seeking to establish such peoplehood. Ben-Gurion accomplished Gasoline is to be in short supply, so the protection. this, and by doing so, he saved the Jewish hue and cry is !or l\ massive bureaucracy On the other hand, I sympathize with people from themselves. which will say who can use how much down By doing this, he made them lift up to the last red tape detail. the very real need of genealogists, his­ Well, this may be necessary in the crunch torians, and other scholars fo:r access to their eyes and realize that t:.ey did not have to live in persecution, wallow in but it is much too easy a step from there this data for bona fide research purposes. to other shortages. It people's use of gasoline self-pity and endure in shame. is rigidly controlled for a worthy purpose, I believe that my amendment strikes a It took Ben-Gurion a long time to fair compromise between those t,wo cannot the same thinking be applied to peo­ make the Jews realize this. He lectured ple's use of other short supply products, values. them, he goaded them. He urged them. such as food, for purposes some consider The action taken by the Archivist fn He led them. Until finally, opposing him equally worthy? Purposes such as to keep the releasing the 1900 records should not be occasionally, but loving him always, they price down or so the country can export more detrimental to any living person, inas­ made their dream come true. !ood products to help the balance of pay:. much as he has promulgated rules and 1n ments deficit. In all truth, he came to symbolize Inflation and high prices caused by short regulations governing access to those himself the new Jew. Resolution, cour­ supply and high demand are dangerous and records, as called for by my amendment. age, and determination replaced the vexatious. The answer put forth has been Nor, in my judgment, does the release pushcart peddler image. The grandchil­ price and wage controls by the federal gov­ of individual data from the 1900 census dren of the peddlers are even now father­ ernment. two years o! them on an o1f-and­ contravene the very limited confiden­ ing a new generation of Jewish children on basis. These attempts to repeal the laws o! supply and demand have worked only tiality provisions that were in force at who will never live as slaves as their temporarily at best whlle throwing wrench­ that time. forebears did. ing dislocations llito the economy. I would like to thank the many con­ Ben-Gurion will go down in history as Energy in all Its forms is to be in short cerned citizens who have written to me another Moses, who lived not only to lead supply and this can have a domino effect and my subcommittee expressing their his people to the promised land, but to throughout the economy and on people's views on this matter, the officials of the shape their lives within its boundaries. liv~llhoods. So the drUmb.eat . of statements Government agencies concerned for their He was a giant among his people. The ls tha~ there will have to be controls every­ prompt action, and my colleagues on the greatest blessing I can call down upon where. These are all very real problems ·and ob­ Post Office and Civil Service Committee Israel is that the Almighty should send viously the government must address them who unanimously supported my amend­ hJs like down among his people once with the best solutions seemingly at hand at ment. again. the given moment. 39788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 The concern 1s that we have fallen too IMPEACHMENT ers in the Constitution, and it would pro­ easily into the ha.bit ·of finding our only an­ vide the President with the best possible swers in the smothering regimentation of opportunity to answer all the charges bureaucratic controls. HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL against him. OF NEW YORK By minimizing the widespread scan­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTAT1'VES dals of burglary, bribery, perjury, ob­ struction of justice, conflict of interest, TAMING THE BUDGET Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Presidential enrichment, and all the rest Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, our we refer to collectively as "Watergate," Nation now faces the most serious threat we would be doing infinitely more harm HON. THOMAS P. O'NEILL, JR. to the Constitution in its history. to our Nation. We cannot ignore them in OF MASSACHUSETTS When Mr. Nixon fired Special Prosecu­ the hope they will go away. Our nation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tor Cox and sacrificed the Attorney Gen­ could not survive that because our eral and his deputy on the altar of citizens would not accept that. Wednesday, December 5, 191l political expediency, he dishonored the In the 17 months since the Watergate Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Speaker, since Con­ Presidency and plunged the Nation into scandals broke into the open the Na­ gress established the Joint Study Com­ a convulsive crisis of confidence. Once tion has survived and the strength of our ~ mittee on Budget Control a year ago, this these men were out of the way, the Presi­ democratic system and of our people has House has been working on a bill which dent decided he would release the sub­ been proven over and over again. The would strengthen Congress responsibil­ penaed Watergate tapes after all. But problems and the delays have not been ity in formulating the Nation's budget. then we were told two of the most po­ caused by the investigation and prosecu­ Congressmen WmTTEN, ULLMAN, and tentially incriminating tapes never ex­ tion of wrongdoing but rather by the BOLLING have now presented a bill for isted and a third has a mysterious 18- high-level coverup directed from the consideration before this Chamber. minute gap just where the Watergate highest echelons of the White House and In this regard, I commend to your at­ discussion begins--and we are asked to by the President's unwillingness to co­ tention an editorial in today's New York believe contradictory White House ex­ operate and to level with the American Times recognizing this bill as a "com­ planations for these developments. people. mendable effort to modernize and coor­ The American people have lost con­ This does not look like the action of a dinate Congress budget practices." The fidence in their President. A Harris sur­ President who is eager to make known editorial follows: vey for the Senate Intergovernmental the whole truth about Watergate and TAMING THE BUDGET Relations Subcommittee showed only 19 who says he has "nothing to hide." Regrettably, his so-called Operation can­ Congress ls slowly trying to master the old percent of the population has "a great 11.Ild difficult problem of its own responsibil­ deal of confidence" in the executive dor has been filled with half-truths and ity for the nation's budget. A President ca~ branch of the Federal Government. The untruths, and raises more questions than act decisively in shaping the multitudinous most common explanation they gave was it answers. money requests of the agencies and depart­ that "Government leaders are corrupt Mr. Nixon's reluctant compliance with ments into a. reasonably unified and coherent and immoral." A majority felt that the ord~rs of the courts and his persist­ document. But when the budget reaches "there is something deeply wrong in ent interference with the administra­ Capitol Hill, power ls divided between the America." tion of justice cannot go unchallenged two houses of Congress and within each if we are to remain a government of laws house between the committees that write This should come as no surprise to any the tax laws and those that decide appro­ Member of Congress who has been read­ and not of men. priations. Moreover, within the appropria­ ing his mail and listening to his con­ The removal of Archibald Cox was not tions committees, power is further frag­ stituents. Nearly 2,000 Queens residents the simple act of a President firing a dis­ mented among a dozen subcommittees, each have written to me in recent weeks call­ obedient subordinate employee. Cox's of which usually has the last word in its ing for the President's impeachment, ·appointment was a solemn covenant be­ jurisdiction. while 49 constituents have voiced sup­ tween the President and the American A year ago, Congress established the Joint ·people-through the Seiiate--to insure Study Committee on Budget Control. Un­ port for Mr. Nixon. Because there is no der the leadership of Representatives Whit­ longer any doubt in my mind that the· against the pitfall of a President investi­ ten of Mississippi and Ullman of Oregon, President has lost his ability to govern gating and prosecuting himself. it drafted a bill that represented an im­ and has become a symbol of the very The President has broken that cove­ provement but would have locked Congress lawlessness his administration has prom­ nant. He clearly does not want an inde­ into rigid spending compartments and ised to eradicate, I have taken the fol­ pendent examination of the grave would have been heavily weighted in favor lowing actions: charges against his administration. of fiscal conservatives. Representative Bol­ He has nominated as his new Attorney ling of Missouri worked out a compromise First. Introduced a Resolution of Im­ between the Whitten-Ullman Bill and its peachment in the House of Representa­ General a Senator who approves of the liberal critics; it is this compromise that tives on October 23, 1973, and way the President has handled the ls now before the House. Second. Introduced a bill to establish Watergate scandals and who opposes ju­ This bill provides that Congress accept by the Special Watergate Prosecutor as an dicial review of Presidential tapes and May 1 spending estimates that are more arm of the Federal court and independ­ documents. And, in an effort to thwart nearly targets tba.n ceillngs, to be worked ent of the President. ~egislation in Congress for a court-ap­ out by a new Budget Committee. As mat­ pointed Special Pr.osecutor, the President ters now stand, appropriations bllls usually Impeachment is not a finding of guilt but is the equivalent of an indictment has selected a man who will serve at his do not clear Congress until well after the pleasure and thus will lack the inde­ fiscal year has begun. To remedy that prob­ which states that certain charges have lem, the bill moves the beginning of the been made and there is sufficient evidence pendence necessary to winning the confi­ fiscal year from July 1 to Oct. 1. Congress to warrant a trial. The actual trial is dence of the American people. would be required to clear all appropria­ held in the Senate, with the Chief Jus­ · Impeachment is not to be taken lightly. tions bills in the three months between the tice presiding. Even some of the Presi­ But I have come to the conclusion that setting of . the tentative target figures on dent's closest and most loyal supporters unless the President resigns, there is no May 1 and a deadline of Aug. 1. That would have urged him to submit voluntarily to other course open to us. Mr. Nixon has give the Congress two months before the demonstrated his contempt for our legal new fiscal year either to cut expenditures or impeachment as the most effective method of vindicating himself. and governmental institutions. He has raise taxes. declared himself above the law-above Any bill of this kind ls more an expression I do not believe impeachment would of firm intent than a hard-and-fast law be­ the Congress, the courts, and the Consti­ be the traumatic expe1ience some peo­ tution. He bas said that he is answerable cause no Congress can tie the hands of a is future Congress when it comes to setting ple fear. To the contrary, I believe it only to the impeachment process. The its internal procedures and abiding by them. necessary to put our democratic system ;House Judiciary Committee has already Viewed in that light,_the bill deserves ap­ back in order. It would bring about the begun an inquiry to determine whether proval as a commendable effort to modernize necessary full public disclosure · in a grounds exist for formal impeachment and coordinate Congress' budget practices. forum prescribed by our Founding Fath- proceedings. December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39789

If there is any good to be derived from be avoided, and to improve the oversight what I know about him prtvateiy as well these many months of crisis-and I be­ function of the Congress, a. task which every­ as publicly. _ one asknowledges needs to be improved. I would like to relate to my colleagues lieve there is some-it is that our demo­ Other goals of the committee are to achieve cratic system has endured and the a better balance in committee workloads an incident which I once had with Mr. strength of the people confirmed. (the House Ways and Means Committee has FoRD, one which I believe demonstrates too vast a. jurisdiction with tax, social secu­ his character, sense of justice and a will­ rity, trade, health insurance and pensions), ingness to stand up and be counted. and to get the Congress off to a. faster start I do not feel it necessary to mention SIGNIFICANT CONGRESSIONAL each year, perhaps with Congressmen coming the name of the military officer involved REFORM to Washington in December to choose their in this account. It is enough to let you leadership and organize the committees for business before the formal opening of the know that he has achieved great promi­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON Congress in January. Committee members nence and gained much . respect as a member of the armed services. He is OF INDIANA a.re still far from agreement on several problems: · probably one of the most decorated men IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1) Size and numbers of Committees: How in the Pentagon today-having achieved Wednesday, December 5, 1973 many committees, how many members on recognition for his courage in combat and each committee, and how many assignments Mr. HAMil..TON. Mr. Speaker, under his outstanding leadership. He is also a to give each member are several of the man who believes that lasting peace is leave to revise and extend my remarks threshold questions. The choice here is be­ in the RECORD, I include my Washington tween a small number of large and broad­ best achieved through negotiation and Report, as follows: based committees, or more committees of not military force. Had it not been for Vice-President-Designate FORD'S sense of SIGNIFICANT CONGRESSIONAL REFORM smaller size and greater specialization. 2) Conflicting Schedules_: To solve the justice 12 years ago, however, the man I Although it is not much ln the headlines, problem many members have of conflicting am describing would be leading a differ­ progress is being made on two bllls that may schedules, the Committee ts considering a become the most significant, if unpublicized, ent life today. limitation on committee assignments or a. Back in 1961, Jack Parr, a prominent reform of Congressional procedures in this two-track system, with one set of commit­ century. The two reforms aim at keeping tees meeting a.t certain times and another television personality filmed a TV pro­ spendlng under control and redistributing set of committees meeting at different times. gram at the Berlin Wall-at Checkpoint the power among the committees of the Con­ 3) Committee Jurisdiction: Major rear­ Charlie. He requested assistance from gress. rangements of commlttee jurisdictions a.re U.S. commanders in Berlin and a friend Budget Reform: Budget reform bllls are under consideration: for example, shifting of mine, a military officer, was desig­ through House and senate committees and trade and social security legislation from nated to provide assistance. headed for consideration by both Houses of Ways and Means to Foreign Affairs and In­ the Congress. The bllls, which create budget The television show resulted in an up­ terstate Commerce Committees, respectively, roar and my friend was saddled with the committees in both the House and Senate, .and dividing into two committees the Edu­ establish a. mechanism for the Congress to cation and Labor Committee. New commit­ blame. Charges of poor judgment were regain control of the budget by establishing tees may also be established for energy, trans­ leveled at him. a procedure to look a.t the budget as a. whole portl\ tion and environment. We had been close associates in the in order to determine spending priorities 4) Oversight: The committee is also exam­ same regiment during World War Il. I within total spending cellings. Under the ining proposals to improve oversight, perhaps had witnessed him in combat under bills the Congress would set appropriate lev­ by dividing oversight into categories with els of expenditures, taxes, and budget sur­ stress and had subsequently developed a subcommittees on the quality of programs, deep respect for his judgment as well as pluses or deficits. The bills would allow the budget priorities, and economy and effici­ Congress to determine competing claims for ency. Other suggestions are to require all ma­ his ability. the federal dollar in a comprehensive and jor committees to have an oversight subcom­ This incident in Berlin left his career systematic way, rather than the present pro­ mittee and to set aside separate periods of in jeopardy, I felt. Some of you may re­ cedure whereby the Congress acts on various committee work for oversight. call, I rose in his defense on the floor money bllls separately, often months apart; Unlike the bud.get reform, the final result and in isolation from one another. ·of the House at that time. of the committee reform cannot be clearly Shortly after the incident, while in The Legislative Budget Office, a.lso estab­ seen, but its potential for beneficial change lished by the bllls to develop data. and make Europe with Mr. FORD I had a chance to is great, and the opportunity for such re­ discuss this matter with him. He im­ cost projections, would give the Congress an form, which does not come often in the independent source of information equal to House, must be seized. mediately came to my support of the of­ the President's Office of Management and If the Congress is successful in accom­ ficer. Typically, he thoroughly investi­ Budget. Tax and expenditure pollcies could plishing these basic reforms, Congress will gated the matter and having concluded be coordinated, and the revised budget time­ become a more efficient and responsible that an injustice had indeed been done, table, also provided in the bills, will reduce branch of government. It may even become the likellhood of _the Congress having to ap­ he vigorously undertook the task of rec­ a co-equal branch of government, as the Con­ tifying the injustice. prove interim financing due to failure of stitution intends. the Congress to complete action on appro­ I am proud to report that as a result priations bllls prior to the start of the fiscal ·of Mr. FoRD's efforts this military officer's year. An a.nti-impoundment procedure is also ·records were cleared. Surely, this of­ established by the bills through which either ficer's rise to the rank of lieutenant gen­ House of Congress could, within 60 d~ys of NOMINATION OF GERALD R. FORD eral at an early age is tangible evidence being informed of a.n impoundment, require the President to stop an impoundment, and of Mr. FoRD's wisdom and perception. thereby deny the President the power to Without Mr. FoRn's help, this man would scramblo Congressional priorities. .HO~ .. HUGH ~· CAREY. . have left the service with a blemished several important questions must still be OF NEW YORK ·record. · · resolved, including the membership of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES powerful budget committees, but I believe ultimate passage is assured. These bills will Wednesday, December 5, 1973 . HARVEY R. ABRAHAM be a. giant stride toward mak.ing the Congress Mr. CAREY of New York. Mr. Speaker, fiscally responsible. as you know, my position on the nomina·­ Committee Reform: The other major re­ form, rearranging the committee jurisdiction :tiori of GERALD R. FoRD as Vice President HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER and streamlining the legislative process in has been to support a thorough investi­ OF WISCONSIN the House, is not as far along as budget re­ gation of his background to insure that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES form, and the task, if possible, is even more the Nation has a Vice President fit for difficult. Alteration of committee jurisdiction the-job. I believe, moreover, that the ap­ Wednesday, December 5, 1973 redistributes power, a sensitive matter among propriate committees of the Congress Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. Congressmen. have done a good job of looking into his Speaker, on November 18, Harvey Abra­ Although a special House committee has background and character. been a.t work on the task for a.bout a. year, ham died at the age of 78. no report is expected until next spring. The Mr. FORD and I differ on political issues For 14 years Mr. Abraham served in committee would like to organize the work as one can easily see by looking at our the Wisconsin State Assembly repres~nt­ of the Congress so that the schedule con­ contrasting voting records. However, he ing the First District of Winnebago flicts of members, who often have two or votes his conscience as I do, and in con­ County. It was my honor to succeed him three meetings scheduled the same hour, can science I believe this RECORD should show in that position in 1961. 39.790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Decenibe1'' 5, 19 73 The city of Oshkosh and the State of "(b) The annuity payable under subsec­ in 1923 planted one ot the seeds that helped Wisconsin are both better places because tion (a) of this section shall be-- to produce the area's growth. We are now a. of the conscientious work of Harvey " ( l) it such widow is entitled to an an­ shopping center tor a region-for both goods nuity under subchapter I of chapter 73, title and services and employment. Cultural im­ Abraham. . 10, United States Code, or compensation or provements are coming along with a univer­ During my years in student govern­ pension under any of the other laws set sity branch and a college nearby. We bear ment, the State legislature and more re­ forth in subsection (a) of this section, an little resemblance to Salisbury of 50 years cently in Congress, Harvey was a close amount equal to the difference between the ago. personal friend, a valued counselor, and amount of compensation or pension to which The men who organized The Times more one of the people most responsible for such widow 1s entitled and 55 per centum than half a century ago are now gone. Most my decision to seek public office. ot the amount ot the retired or retainer pay ot them would agree that the awakening of .I am deeply saddened by the death of to which her spouse would have been en­ Salisbury from small country town to region­ titled to as ot September 21, 1972, it com­ al center has progressed beyond their fond­ a friend and an individual who main­ puted on the basis ot. the pay grade, years est dreams. tained the highest standards of public ot service for pay. years of service for re­ What of the next half century? Who can trust. tired or retainer pay purposes, and per say? But tor those who get a zest out of llte­ centum of disability, it any. used to com­ who enjoy innovation and challenge-it's pute the retired or retainer pay to which the bound to be an exciting 50_years. H.R. 11778 spouse was entitled at the time of death; or "(2) it such widow ls not entitled to any such compensation or pension, an amount HON. BURT L TALCOTT equal to 55 per centum of the amount of the PALACH'S GRAVE-A CZECH retired or retainer pay to which her spouse TRAGEDY OP CALD'OBNIA would have been entitled to as of September IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 21, 1972, it computed on the basis of the pay grade, years of service for pay, years of serv­ Wednesday, December 5, 1913 ice tor retired or retainer pay purposes. and HON. ROBERT J. HUBER Mr. TALCOTI'. Mr. Speaker, I have in­ per centum of disability, if any, used to com­ OF MIClllGAN' pute the retired or retainer pay to which the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES troduced legislation which amends the spouse was entitled at the time of death. survivor benefit plan and provides an an­ Wednesday, December 5, 1973 In no case, however, shall the amount of any nuity for any woman who, on or after annuity payable under this section to any Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, the press September 21, 1972, was a widow of a individual be less than the amount which of today's problems and crises make it retired member of the regular uniformed would be payable to such individual under so easy to overlook important events oc­ services. The wives of career military this section as in effect on September 21, curring only a few months or years a.go. men share the lives of their husbands 1972.". The fate of a young Czech, Jan Palach. through war, as well as peace, experienc­ comes under this category. To protest ing the tribulations of an uncertain fu­ the 1968 invasion of his homeland, the ture when the peace is broken. These CONGRATULATIONS TO THE TIMES OF SALISBURY: 50 YEARS OF student burned himself alive. More than women deserve our thanks for their sac­ 100,000 came to view his bier, and his rifices, and guaranteeing them a retire­ SERVICE virtually unmarked grave has become a ment annuity is just one way of recogniz­ shrine. The Communist authorities· so ing their contributions. Fair play also demands the establishment of a retire­ HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN · fear the spirit of freedom he still invokes OP MARYLAND in his countrymen they now have moved ment annuity for widows. his grave to a hiding place. My bill provides the widow of a retired IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The following article from the Novem­ member with an annuity which would Wednesday, December 5, 1913 be 55 percent of the retired or retainer ber 30 issue of the Christian Science Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, recent Monitor by Miss Trudy Rubin retells this pay to which the deceased member was story-and reminds us that detente or entitled on the date of his death. This polls show that popular support for the annuity would be reduced by the amount press increased in recent years despite no detente, the Soviet ruthlessly seeks of compensation or pension to which the the practice of politicians attacking the its own way and will not tolerate dissent widow might otherwise be entitled based news media. One of the definite reasons or opposition, whether by a man or by a for public respect for the press in my own nation. on the deceased member's military serv­ The article follows: ice. area of Maryland is the high quality Mr. Speaker, the text of my bill fol­ of the Dally and Sunday Times, of Salis­ PALACH'S GB.AVE-A CZECH TRAGEDY lows: bury, which recently celebrated its 50th (By Trudy Rubin) H.R. 11778 anniversary. On a Friday night in late October persons A bill to provide retirement annuities for I would like to share with the House a.n unknown came into the Oldcany cemetery certain widows of members of the uni­ editorial from the Times which only in Prague and took away the remains ot the formed services who died before the effec­ briefly mentions the impact and influence young Czech martyr Jan Pa.lach from his un­ tive date ot the Survivor Benefit Plan marked grave. By the middle of the next this great newspaper has had: week a plaque to a recently deceased woman Be it enacted by the Senate and House of THE 50TH ANNrVEBSARY stood over a newly-dug grave on the spot. Representatives of the United. States of The Daily and Sunday Times marks its Czechs have little doubt that the author­ America in Congress assembled, That section 50th anniversary at this time of the year. ities carried out this desecration in order to 4 of the Act entitled "An Act to amend chap­ On Monday, Dec. 3, the front page flag will extinguish one of the last symbols of Czech ter 73 of title 10, United States Code, to carry the notation: "Vol. 51, No. 1." Trans­ protest against the 1968 Soviet invasion. The establish a Survivor Benefit Plan, and for lated into layman's language, this means grave of Pa.lach. a 21-year-old student who other purposes" (86 Stat. 1'06-713, Public the first issue of the 51st year. set himself on fire to protest the invasion, Law 92-425), is amended to read as follows: This newspaper was launched on a wave of had become a national shrine, commemorat­ "(4) (A) Any individual who on or before great optlmlsm 50 years ago. Events have ing a moment ot national hope. To visit the September 21, 1972, was a widow of a per­ .proved that its organizers and those who site, known to every Prague citmen despite son who was entitled to retired or retainer have carried on as correct in the view that the authorities' refusal to allow a grave­ pay when he died, regardless whether or not Salisbury should and would become the larg­ stone, was the one small act of allegiance to such individual is eligible for an annuity est city on the Eastern Shore. When all of the 1968 period of liberalization that many under subchapter I of chapter 73, title 10, Delmarva. is included. it has to be said that Czechs would risk over the past grim years. United States Code, or dependency and in­ Dover, Del.. is giving us a good race, though. When I set out to visit Palach's grave in demnity compensation under section 411 (a) We are situated at the crossroads of the Oldcany this past spring, I had no directions of title 38; United States Code, or pension peninsula. We are now building a bypass to to the site within the huge cemetery. But under subchapter III of chapter 16 o! such carry heavy north-south traffic around the there was no d.11ficulty in finding it. Although title 38 or section 9(b) of the Veterans• Pen­ city. Our Salisbury Parkway, carrying east­ most of the graves were elaborately decorated sion Act of 1959 (73 Stat. 436), shall be paid west traffic, appears a.dequ&te !or the job in with flowerpots and photographs, one alone an annuity by the Secretary concerned un­ the years ahead, though the day must come was buried layers-deep in flowers and green­ less she 1s eligible to receive an annuity un­ when a complete beltway wlll be needed. ery, most as fresh as 1! they had been re­ der the Survivor Benefit Plan established .Who can say when tho.t will be or what wW placed tha.t day. The slte was marked only . pursuant to clause (3) of the first section salisbury's future be? The good citmens who by a wrought iron cross. In front of it a of this Act. began publication of a dally newspaper here small tray of candles burned steadily. December 5, 19 '! 3 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39791 From the moment of Palach's death the plastic personalities. The BILL KEATINGs The men ·who fought in Vietnam were not authorities realized he was a special kind of of this world belong on the list of en­ a cross-section of America's youth. The chil­ threat to them. He appealed too deeply to dangered species. dren of the a.ffluent--those in college or with the Czech nationalist spirit which had been subsidized early marriages-were exempt crushed by Russian tanks: 100,000 filed by In a body full of great men and women, from military service for most of the war. his bier; troops were called out for his fu­ BILL has stood as an example to all of Those who served were what Murray Polner, neral. The government refused to allow him us. He possesses in abundant measure author of "No Victory Parades: The Return to be buried in the cemetery reserved for those difficult-to-define but unmistakable of the Vietnam Veteran," called "our new national heroes. They confiscated tens of qualities which surely would have led to expendables." thousands of Czech crowns donated by the increasing responsibilities, given time Because many of them a.re under-educated public for a Jan Pa.lach memorial. And when and the vagaries of the seniority system. and poor, the Vietnam GI Bill offered them he was buried in Oldcany their men ca.me, You could not help but admire his logical, perhaps their best chance ever for a break. also by night, and removed a bronze death But that offer was good only if they mask of Pa.lach from his grave. deliberate approach to problems, and you could afford to take it up-and that's where But Pa.lach's grave was a threat only of could not help but like and respect the Catch 22 comes in. The benefits for the spirit, not of political substance. The grave man. He is steady, reasoned, fair, idealis­ single veteran a.re only $220 a month, from robbers ca.me at a time when dissent is for tic, and just a fine man and a fine which he is supposed to pay his tuition, buy all purposes submerged in Czechoslovakia.­ legislator. books and supplies, rent a room and keep when writers can no longer publish, liberals I cannot fault BILL'S decision to leave. himself fed and clothed. are forced to do manual labor, and any op­ A study this year by a League of Cities­ position to the current ha.rd line has been But that does not diminish my sense of loss to this body, nor my own regret on Conference of Mayors' veterans' opportuni­ crushed. ties committee, headed by Rep. Silvio O. That the Czech regime should be so fright­ the resignation of a good friend. Conte (R-Ma.ss.), showed the benefits were ened of a symbol at this time can only mean Our affection and respect will go with so skimpy that the only vets who could use that they fear that . the prospect of East­ him in his new work. · w it in large numbers were those who hap­ West detente in Europe will raise . the hopes pened to live near state-subsidized colleges. of the Czech people for internal liberation. In California, where community colleges In the Soviet Union, the Kremlin has already a.bound, 37 per cent of the Vietnam vets made it clear by its stepped-up harassment VIETNAM VETERANS AND THE have used their GI bill; in New Jersey, Ohio of nonconformists like novelist Alexander GI BILL and Pennsylvania, which lack such schools, Solzhenitsyn and physicist Andrei Sakharov less than half as many are getting a era.ck and many others that rapprochement with at higher education. the West does not mean more tolerance at Because of their high costs, the private home. HON. DONALD M. FRASER OF MINNESOTA colleges, where many young men waited out With its pathetic desecration of a grave, the Vietnam war, improving their market­ the Czech Government seems to be telling IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES its people the same thing. So far, however, able skills, are all but barred to those who Wednesday, December 5, 1973 served. After World War II, when the gov­ hundreds of people have continued to visit ernment pa.id tuition directly to the schools the former Palach gra.vesite and place their Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, everyone and provided a $75-a.-month living a.llow­ flowers on a heap of earth in front of the new grave. can agree with President Nixon's view ance in addition, 85 per cent of the Notre that-- Dame students and 59 per cent of the Har­ Words of thanks are not enough for the va.rd students were veterans; last year, 2 ¥2 million men who have returned home neither school had more than 2 per ~nt : from - th~the VJetnam~onflict. - - veterans-. · . BILL KEATiNG WILL BE SORELY . When_Congress voted the last increase in. MISSED . ·But; as David S. Broder· points out in · GI Bill benefits, just two weeks before the . hiS December 2, 1973, Washington Post 1972 elect~on, it told the Veterans Admini$­ co1wnn -"Vietnam Veterans and the GI tration that within six months it wanted an - HON~ ·BILL FRENZEL . . ·Bill," the. Vietnam veteran has received indep"endent analysis of the adequacy of the - ...OF MINNESOTA · mainly lip. service.· - Vietnam GI Bill, compared to th?se of World IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thi · · ll t · th · f War II and Korea. s IS esp,ecia Y ~ue Ill e case O That report ~as due last April 24. Fifteen Wednesday, December 5, 1973 the veterans educational program we days before the deadline, VA Administrator usually call the GI bill. Our post World Donald M. Johnson informed Congress that Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, I intended War II experience tells us that a sound "several factors" made it impossible for him to make the following statement last eve­ GI bill is of great potential value to the to comply. The study done by the Educe.­ ning in the special order paying tribute Nation and the individual veteran. But tiona.l Testing Service of Princeton, N.J., to the service of the distinguished gen­ there are many shortcomings in the pres- finally reached Congress on Sept. 18. tleman from Ohio (Mr. KEATING). Al­ ent GI bill and not much progress is It confirmed that, with inflation and the though it is a day late, it comes from the being made in curing these shortcomings. termination of the direct tuition payment, heart. , the "real value" of the Vietnam vet's educe.- What is there about us--about this Broder s Post column describes the tion benefit was lower than his World War II problems well and I conclude my state- dad's and ts "insufficient to meet the vet- institution that causes many of our ment by placing it in the RECORD: era.n'~ estimated living expenses" after he brightest and best to leave first? Surely VIETNAM VETERANS AND THE GI BILL has paid the cost of attending an average BILL KEATING has been that kind of col­ (By David s. Broder) four-year public college. league. He will be sorely missed. BILL Three weeks later, on Oct. 10, a House Vet- has decided to accept a challenging new Of all those victimized by the Nixon ad- erans subcommittee passed a bipartisan bill, ministration's preoccupation with self-pres- cosponsored by Reps. Henry Helstoski (D- assignment at the end of his present term ervation and the Democratic Congress' ) of office. No doubt it is the right decision dawdling do-nothingness, . the case of the N.J.) and Margaret Heckler (R-Mass. , boost- for him. That decision will probably class Vietna.m veterans may well be the most out- ing the monthly stipend from $220 to $250. up the fourth estate, but it will have an rageous. The VA, cha~lenging the independent inverse effect on this body. It is a real -"Words of thanks ere not enough for the studies' findings, said it could not endorse any more than. a hike to $238. And oti that blow to those of us who admired his 2¥2 million men who have returned home $12 difference, the whole bill is now stVer the obvious have the power to keep his factory ·pro­ Government of Israel regards it as its lon,g-range impllcati.ons of. this decision ducing or the fuel to transport his prod- bounden duty to ~ring the shocking findings - and what it symbolizes. uct to market. which have come to light to the knowledge of One young lady in particular got right What must be the feeling of one of the International Committee of the Red to the heart of the matter when she those 2,000 small independent service sta- Crff· The Government of Syria bears un- wrote: tion owners wh9 has _been forced out of equivocal responsib11lty for these method- Without Christ there wouldn't be a business because of a lack of supply when ical crimes. Christmas., If you take Jesus away · • • he reads the headlines proclaiming a DEMANDS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF ISRAEL there wont be any need to celebrate. nearly 500 percent profit increase by 12. The Government of Israel calls upon Mr. Speaker, just last week a remark- British Petroleum, or the average Amer- the International Committee of the Red able man in Columbus, Ga., Mr. Charles ican facing a sharp reduction in home Cross to take, at once, the necessary steps Harper m, acting in his capacity as heating oil when he reads that Exxon to condemn the barbaric and disgusting f th mitte T Put crimes that have been described, and to en- chairma.n o e Com e o has a profit of more than $1.5 billion so sure that proper and full protection be ex- Christ Back Into Christmas, hand far this year? tended to Israeli prisoners of war. It de- delivered to my Columbus district office a In fact, in the first 9 months of this mands that every means be taken immedi- letter bearing literally thousands of sig- year, 15 oil companies have increased ately to guarantee the health, welfare and natures protesting the court's rationale. · profits on the average of 62 percent. In honour ·of the Israeli prisoners of war held 'The tremendous amount of work and dollars, this means that these corpora­ ~:~~;:s~ Syria, as the Geneva Convention · dedication involveg in obtaining .these . tions have made profits totaling $4,906,- 13. The Government of Israel demands of signatures merits commendation and the 900,000. the Syrian authorities that they give firm united voice of concern expressed by all · To put that figure into perspective, guarantees and issue clear instructions to of those who signed deserves to be these oil company profits since the first ensure that there shall be no repetition of · · bl" . the horrendous crimes, such as described in . heard. of the year are more than the pu ic this complaint and that the Government of · . · works appropriations-bill-more than the Syria will honour the laws of war and Inter- · totarwater resource efforts of the coun- national Conventions. BIG OIL COMPANIES CONTINUE try and the defense and energy related EXPORTS, AMASS HUGE PROFITS, activities of the Atomic Energy Commis­ ONWARD CHRISTIAN SOLDIERS PAY MINIMAL TAXES sion combined. These profits, in less than a year, are more than twice as much as HON. JACK BRINKLEY HON. JOE L. EVINS the Federal Government has spent in OF TENNESSEE the field of energy research and devel­ OP GEORGIA opment for the past 5 years. m THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES m THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Below is a table setting out these Wednesd~y,' ~ecember _s. 1973 Wednesday, December 5. 1973 profits of various companies in a com­ Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Sep­ Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, · parison with the comparable period in tember 25 of this year the U.S. Court 1n the current energy crisis, the Ameri- 1972: December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS .. 39795 (Dollar amounts in millions)

Net profit. Percent Net profit 1st Percent Net profit, Percent Net profit 1st Percent 3d quarter, Increase over 9 months, Increase over 3d quarter, increase over 9 months, increase over Company 1973 1972 1973 1972 Company 1973 1972 1973 1972

Ashland ______-----______.; $24. 400 17.0 $85. 200 25.0 Mobil __ ------.. __ •.• ---.• ---- $231. 200 · 64. 1 $571. 200 38.4 BP ______------204.000 483.0 462.000 413. 0 Phillips. __ .. _------. __ ---_ 53. 850 43. 0 143. 700 30. 0 Citgo ______------• -----. ------28. 600 61. 0 104.800 24.8 Shell ____ ---____ ------83. 600 23. 0 253. 300 41.0 ContinentaL ___ ----... ______• -- 54. 200 38.0 153. 400 24.1 Sohio. _------___ ----____ . ----- 18. 000 14.0 62. 500 55. 0 Exxon ______..• ------__ ----. _ 638. 000 80.0 1, 660. 000 59. 0 Standard of Indiana ______147. 300 37. 0 389. 800 32. 0 Getty ____ ------•• ------33. 700 57. 5 90.100 22.9 Tenneco .. ___ .. ___ . ___ . __ ------53. 300 20. 0 149. 300 12. 9 Gulf_ ------210. 000 91.0 570. 000 60.0 Union ... _.... __ ..... __ ...... _ 50. 700 61.0 129. 100 44. 0 Marathon __ ------30. 700 36.0 82. 500 49.0

Certainly, it may be acknowledged that to 8 percent of overall national energy tory of the guard in America is as old as the last year, 1972, was a leaner year than demand. need for self-defense. A brief look at the The President has the authority under early stages of each war fought by the United most for the oil industry, but these com­ States shows tha.t the Guard is far from a panies' profits have still grown !'aster the Export Control Act of 1969 to halt backup to regular services-This brief look and larger than even the industry had these exports of petroleum almost im­ shows that the first troops committed to ac­ planned and expected. mediately. Certainly efforts should be tion were Guardsmen-citizen soldiers who 011 is big business. Mobil Oil's gross made to prevent huge oil profiteering and fought while a conscript army was being corporate product, for example, is larger America's best interest protected from trained and transported. than the gross State product of Kansas. oil exports during this energy crisis. Even as recently as the Vietnam ·conflict. Gulf Oil's gross corporate product is ap­ ~ese facts were developed from a large segments of early arrlvals--not back­ ups-were Guardsmen. And yet there Is an­ proximately 50 percent the value of ev­ number of sources, including the Cost of other whole side ·to the role of'the National erything produced in Tennessee. Stand­ Living Council, Office of Oil and Gas. De­ Guard, completely separate from federal ard 011 of Indiana and ,Shell Oil have partment of the Interior; Federal Trade service and yet similarly rooted in Miles annual products valued more than those Commission, Federal Power Commission, Standish' Indian Fighters. This is the role . of 14 American States. and other published research materials. of serving as State Militia. From the root The Federal taxes paid by these com­ need of Indian Fighting to the modern need panies are very low compared to their of emergency service, the purpose · of· the size. In 1971, for instan·ce, 18 U.S. oil Staite Militia has changed with the diversity Mil.JITARY BANDS and sophistication of the needs of the _peo­ companies paid. an average of only 6. 7 ple. This purpose now answered the needs percent in taxes on their net income­ of the people on two levels-catastroph~ ac­ this at a time most corporate taxes aver­ tion and community action. The image of aged 40 percent of their net income. . HON. JAMES A. BURKE the citizen soldier building sandbag dikes The oil depletion allowance and other OF :MASSACHUSETTS to contain a flood or standing guard over tax breaks granted oil interests costs the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a burned out business district leap im­ mediately to the minds of those who wit­ · Government more than $1.5 billion an­ Wednesday, December 5, 1973 nually in lost revenue. nessed last Spring's Ohio flood or this Fall's Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. Chelsea fire. All the milltary skills taught a Historically, the depletion allowance Guardsman, even how to shoot fast and was to encourage exploration and drilling Speaker, there has been a growing trend straight, can and have been, called into the among the oil companies. Perhaps, now · of late to overlook the benefit which the service of his fellow citizens by the Governor in the context of great windfall profits, entire Nation derives from the outstand­ of his State. Community action is the every· consideration should be given to chang­ ing work performed by our country's day service rendered by the citizen soldier ing these tax loopholes with the provision military bands. I have recently received as a citizen, and it can take many forms­ that these excess profits be plowed back a letter from one of my constituents. Mr. that of serving Thanksgiving Dinner to the John T. Yunits, president of the Armed forgotten older citizen; that of giving toys into exploration for new supplies and to th~ forgotten children; . or even that of related energy research and development. Forces Bandmasters Association of the playing a series of concerts in a heat-baked As massive profits have mounted in United States. Mr. Yunits has done an slum to avert a disastrous riot. the first three-quarters of this year, there excellent job in addressing this subject, The Representative and a few others may are indications that some companies are and his letter represents an outstanding choose to feel that the National Guard 1s attempting to sustain them in the fourth defense for our continued support of merely a backup if they Wish-the thought­ quarter-the current crisis period. Some military bands. I hope that all of my ful citizen will believe in the reality of the oil companies have been increasing the colleagues will take the time to examine National Guard serving its home state full Mr. time and being its country's ftrst line of exportation of U.S. petroleum products the remarks made by Yunits, as I am defense from Concord to Cam Banh. at an alarming l'ate simply because the certain that they wm find his comments Again, it 18 not our intention to lecture price of a barrel of oil is much higher to be extremely worthwhile. the Representative but some facts on Music in the world market than at home. Mr. Speaker, I include Mr. Yunits' let­ in the Mllitary could be enlightening. While it is reported that oil exports ter in the RECORD at this point: Martial music has historically had a dual have increased less than 1 percent over . AN OPEN LE'ITER- ON BEHALI' o-, THE CITIZEN purpose-discipline and motivation. Every­ .the past year, statistics show that fuel SOLDIER one who has endured the questionable music A Representative was recently quot.ed by of a drill instructor's cadence count can oil and gas. exports have increased­ understand that if you can get all the slick­ since the acute energy crisis developed- the United Press International as having stated " ..... I can think of no good reason ers and farmboys walking the same length 500 percent in the past 2 months alone, why the National Guard, an organization pace at the same speed you can measure and which amounts to 1.7 million barrels per that's supposed to back up the regular serv­ control how long it will take them to set month. Total exports of all types of camp to the weak left flank. Add a Brass ices in wartime, should ..... have bands." Band playing a march and they won't hear petroleum products av~rage 237,000 bar­ This ls an unfortunately rash statement rels per day for the first 7 months of from a man of such responsibility. It Is rash the noise of battle. This is discipline. So are this year. The administration maintains because it belies a simplistic view of the role Bugle Calls. There was a time when the of the National Gua.rd and because tt over­ Bugler was a one man semaphone, telegraph. that this is only a. small percentage. of telephone, teletype and walkie-talkie; in· es­ U.S. consumption considering the fact looks the reality of the modem National Guard Band Mission. sence the entire signal corps. These musics that this country uses 17 million barrels Without giving the respected Representa­ are discipline. per day. But the Cost of Living Council tive a history lecture. . • . . . we must· point The music o! motivation is the music o! admits the predicted 1973 exports for out to him and others who find the blind. the mind. The spirit and morale of soldlers heating oil will more than double last drive for military economy attractive that is a very basic factor in military endeavors. year's total. the role of the National Guard goes far be­ Concepts beyond words are expressible 1n The facts remain .that these exports yond backing up the regular services in war­ music. The playing of the Star Spangled have been increasing only recently dur­ time. In the beginning, the National GuaTd Banner before battle; the soothing incon­ was the regular service. Governor William gruity of a Iovesong after; the diversion from ing the Arab oil embargo and at a time Bradford of Plymouth could probably be homesickness o! the latest tune from home. this country is facing an oil shortfall of considered the Guard's founder and Captain Those of us who have experienced the moti­ an estimated 3 million barrels per day Miles Standish its first Commander. For here vation of music remember it well. The Repre­ which translates ioto a reduction of 5 are the roots of the modern guard-the his- sentative's unfortunate stand in overlooking 39796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 the purely military need for a. musical arm yea.r's act provides significant a.mounts of As a result of the Sammy Davis, Jr. Tele· of the National Guard ls overshadowed by his money for improvement of the secondary thon for the Highway Safety Foundation dur­ unsubtle negating of the good neighbor and highway system, where a majority of traffic ing the 1973 Memorial Day weekend, HSF public relations need for a musical arm. fatalities occur. It provides funds for im· has expanded its pioneer Advanced Driver's For here intertwine the motivational capa­ proved signing a.t railroad crossings through­ Training School in Mansfield, Ohio. A new bilities of music as the universal language out the nation, fer replacement of unsafe school ls opening Nov. 29, 1973 at Floyd Ben­ and the public service purpose of the Na­ bridges, for identification of hazardous loca­ nett Field in Brooklyn, N.Y., another is un­ tional Guard. The National Guard Band, in­ tions on secondary roads and improvement derway at Palm Beach International Airport, telligently used, can fulfill many needs _from of those locations. Funds a.re authorized for Florida, and several more schools are planned forestalling a riot at home or abroad to removal of roadside obstacles, for proper at major cities throughout the nation. providing a musical education for those who signing and pavement markings, and for con­ ~n 1974 another national telethon will be could not otherwise afford it. Those who tinued research and public education. telecast on June 1st and 2nd. The success of would destroy the National Guard Band are For states which implement these programs that telethon will determine the number of those incapable of thinking of a practical use quickly, the 1973 a.ct offers incentive moneys. additional Advanced Driver's Training for it. The Highway Safety Foundation, Inc., a Schools HSF wlll open in 1974. Sincerely, non-profit and independent organization, was Our efforts to make advanced driver train­ JOHN T. YUNITS, invited to testify before the Subcommittee ing available to a significant number of peo­ President, Armed Forces Bandmasters on Transportation during hearings on the ple can only succeed if the general public Association of the United States proposed b111. While enjoying the privilege of knows such schools hold hope for reducing presenting data compiled by our accident re­ the 57,000 annual traffic deaths, the 2.5 mil­ search team, foundation officials witnessed lion accident injuries, and the $46 billion· in the thoroughness of the subcommittee in losses of human resources and property! SAFETY FOUNDATION URGEG IM­ preparing the 1973 a.ct. It is a brave act of It ls evident from Secretary Brinegar's which all members of the 93rd Congress can statement that he realizes the importance of PROVED DRIVING SKILLS ~proud. advanced driver training. The Highway Safety However, as Secretary Brinegar adroitly Foundation, Inc. ls encouraged to hear him observed in. his recent statement, highway say so publicly. HON. JAMES V. STANTON safety efforts have been deficient in train­ Sincerely yours, OF OHIO ing of individual drivers. While the 1966 act R. D. WAYMAN, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES initiated nationwide driver's education in President, Highway Safety Foundation. our schools, this training has not had a sig­ W(!dnesday. December 5, 1973 nificant effect on traffic fatalities as far as Mr. JAMES V. STANTON. Mr. Speak­ we can determine. The 1973 act, while wisely authorizing funds for demonstration pro­ WILLIAM KEATING er, over the past several years, through grams in the driver's education realm, is only HON. J. the efforts of dedicated groups such as a beginning! the Highway Safety Foundation and the Since its inception in 1960, the Highway HON. CHARLES A. MOSHER enactments of Congress they have helped Safety Foundation, Inc. has progressed, as to bring about, there has been significant has the whole nation, toward a well-rounded OF OHIO advances in highway safety. To an ex­ program for safety on our highways. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tent, at least, both our automobiles and Foundation began with color :films illustrat­ Tuesday, December 4. 1973 our highways have been improved so as ing good driving skills. These :films have now to been viewed by millions of high school stu­ Mr. MOSHER. Mr. Speaker, like m~ny help prevent accidents, and to lessen dents, servicemen, and community groups others, I greeted the news of BILL KEAT­ the injury, should an accident occur. throughout the nation and many foreign ING's decision to leave this House with Now the Safety Foundation is focusing countries. upon the driver, and insuring that his very mixed emotions. Later, the Foundation fielded accident re­ On the one hand, .we are all sorry to skills will be commensurate with the search teams to compile data based on acci­ possible danger of the vehicle he op­ dent causation factors, to publish accident be losing an exceptional colleague, one erates. Recently the foundation issued a reports, and to train similar investigative . whose capacity for hard work and whose · statement commending Secretary of tea.ms for governmental and private a.gen- decency of character has won the re­ . cies. spect of all of us during the all-too-brief Transportation Claude Brinegar for his Special studies based on the research of period he has been here. recognition of the importance of individ­ these teams revealed some interesting points. But on the other hand, we all share his ual driving skills, and in view of the im­ While most drivers are very proficient under enthusiasm and joy for the bright future portance of this matter, I would like to normal driving conditions, they have not before him, for the wonderful oppor­ insert the statement in the RECORD: been trained to deal with emergency sit­ uations. If confusing signs, ambient weather, tunity he has been given to contribute SAFETY FOUNDATION COMMENDS SECRETARY so significantly to the profession of BRINEGAR or poorly-designed highways confront the average motorist with an emergency situ­ journalism in the years ahead. The Highway Safety Foundation, Inc. com­ ation, he will not be able to perform the BILL KEATING'S "style" here in Con­ mends the Secretary of the U.S. Dept. of maneuvers needed to escape other ca.rs or gress is extremely effective. His manner Transportation, Mr. Claude S. Brinegar, for the roadside hazards we mentioned above. his recent public statement urging that at­ is quiet, but convincing, and his reputa­ So while many claimed that training tion for diligence and good judgment: tention to individual driving skills be the drivers to perform "beyond minimal pro­ focal point of national highway safety ef­ ficiency" was impossible, the Highway Safety especially in connection with his duties forts. Foundation, Inc. developed an advanced on the Judiciary Committee, is well Secretary Brinegar pointed out that safer driver's training school to 4\CCompUsh pre­ known and well deserved. I have always automobiles and strict Federal Safety Stand­ cisely that aim. greatly valued his willingness to be help­ ards have retarded the rise in the mileage It didn't take many visits to expensive ful to me whenever I turned to him for death rate (deaths per 100 million miles racing schools to discover that none of the traveled) since passage of the Highway advice and assistance. specialized courses then available was the an­ As a long-time newspaper guy my­ Safety Act of 1966. swer; the skills taught were not applicable to The annual fatality count for traffic acci­ normal highway driving, the schools cost too self-but strictly a smalltown, country dents would be between 75,000 and 80,000 1! much for the."~-ve.ra.ge" driver, or they weren't editor type-I must say I take consider­ the mileage death rate had continued rising · open to the public. able joy in the fact that the realm of at the 1966 rate, Mr. Brinegar noted. It would journalism in our Ohio area will be be approximately 25 to 35 % higher than the HSF researchers incorporated six maneu­ appalling 57,000 total projected for this year. vers in emergency braking and steering, 'tire strengthened by his active presence. blowout recovery, and shoulder dropoff re­ . The 1966 act was a "tUrning point in the BILL KEATING well deserves the tremen- covery into an advanced-driving course. It . dous responsibility being placed upon fight to reduce highway deaths. It provided wasn't long before law enforcement agencies, for a concerted, uniform effort on a. nation­ him at the Cincinnati Enquirer. I am the courts, commercial organizations, and wide sea.le. Prior efforts had been piecemeal. other driving schools were referring their confident he will do a whale of a job. But it was not the panacea some predicted; And as a final thought, may I say highway deaths in traffic accidents now total personnel to the HSF Advanced Driver's Training School, commonly called "skid again to BILL that hopefully, sometime more than the deaths of Americans in all our in the future, he might consider return­ foreign wars! school." Even motorists who were required The 1978 Highway Safety Act added new by the courts to take the low-cost school (at ing to public life to run for some high dimensions to the pre<:edential 1966 act. ~ls their own expense) praised t:tie school. office. December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39797 HEMOPHILIA ACT OF 1973 Although some specialized resources Finally, this bill establishes the Na­ for care of the hemophiliac exist in tional Hemophilia Advisory Board with­ nearly all regions in the United States, in the National Institutes of Health. The HON. MARIO BIAGGI the following seven States have no spe­ functions of the Board include the es­ OF NEW YORK cialized center of treatment: Alaska, tablishment of guidelines for the diag­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Idaho, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, nosis and treatment of hemophilia, and South Dakota, and Wyoming. Regional the preparation of an annual report on Wednesday, December 5, 1973 distribution of patients under treatment the scope of programs and activities out:. Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, today, I in­ generally corresponds to the location of lined in the Hemophilia Act of 1973. troduce a bill entitled, the Hemophilia treatment centers in the United States. Mr. Speaker, in the United States to­ Act of 1973. In this :::ession of the 93d However, when patients with severe day we can closely estimate the preva­ Congress, our attention has constantly hemophilia lack the availability of com­ lence of hemophilia. Through our past been drawn to the plight of the hemo­ petent physicians or convenient treat­ commitment to research, we have devel­ philiac by the introduction of eight bills ment centers, they move elsewhere. oped the technology and skills employed into the House, and one bill into the The predominant mode of treatment in successful treatment of this disease. Senate. received by hemophiliacs in the United Yet, we lack sufficient numbers of con­ Hemophilia is n chronic, hereditary States remains the episodic, physician­ venient centers and trained personnel to blood disorder in which the deficiency of administered infusion. Under these administer total care to the hemophiliac, a factor in the blood prevents normal treatment modalities, the hemophiliacs and we have P'lt successfully halted the clotting. The amount of clotting factor in the United States require the equiva­ soaring financial costs which limit ade­ present in hemophilia varies widely lent of 3 million to 13 million units of quate treatment. among individuals, and the severity of blood annually. In addition to infusion The Hemophilia Act of 1973 incorpo­ the disease increases as the amount of with blood and blood products, other rates technical skills for the diagnosis clotting factor decreases. services are important to the comprehen­ and treatment of hemophilia into an Two major types of hemophilia are sive management of the hemophiliac. overall plan that extends total care in distinguished by the specific deficient These services include orthopedic ther­ accessible, well-staffed centers to the clotting factor. In classic hemophilia­ apy with particular attention to joints, hemophiliac at low cost. To bring this type A-the blood lacks sufficient dental care, counseling, physical therapy, worthy plan to fruition, I strongly en­ amounts of f~ctioning factor VIII. Fac­ and occupational therapy. courage my colleagues to join me in pass­ tor vm hemophilia '\":as the first form Hemophilia adversely affects the lives ing the Hemophilia Act of 1973. of the disease to be iden tifled, and is of sufferers-in a variety of ways. Treat­ found to be the most prevalent type of ment of this disease is an expensive and hemophilia. In hemophilia B, the sec­ lifelong experience. In 1971, the average ond most prevalent type, the blood is de­ annual family expenditure for blood IMPROVING TAXICAB SERVICE IN ficient in factor IX. products exceeded $2,400; if projected on DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Until 1972, data regarding the preva­ a national scale, the 25,500 hemophiliacs lence of hemophilia, the effective meth­ in the United States would spend about ods employed for its treatment, and $60 million out-of-pocket to pay for blood HON. WILLIAM M. KETCHUM the co~ts of care were lacking. In June products alone! In the families of many OF CALIFORNIA 1972, the national blood resource pro­ patients, parents resort to seeking extra gram of the National Heart and Lung employment to meet the costs of treat­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Institute published the results of a pilot ment, and in other ways modify the Wednesday, December 5, 1973 study on hemophilia treatment in the family's lifestyle. Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, I am United States. This study was designed The bill I am introducing today is a today introducing legislation which will to gather five kinds of information on direct response to the pressing needs of have the happy result of improving taxi­ hemophilia in the United States: hemophiliacs for diagnosis, treatment, cab service in the District of Columbia. First, the prevalence of patients under and rehabilitation. The bill states that I am sure that all my colleagues have treatment for moderate and severe forms every hemophiliac is entitled to care had unpleasant experiences in trying to of hemophilia. commensurate with the treatments and find a cab in the District. The best way Second, characteristics of physicians skills currently available in the United to improve taxi service is to make the treating the episodic hemorrhagic as­ States. This legislation establ!.shes a cost­ job of taxidriver more inviting and fi­ pects of hemophilia. sharing plan whereby 100 percent of care nancially rewarding, while at the same Third, trends in organizing treatment could be provided by cooperation between time insuring that the industry does not facilities. Government agencies, other third price itself out of existence. Fourth, the use of blood and blood parties, and the hemophiliac and/or his There have been periodic efforts to products in hemophilia treatment. family. reform the taxi industry. Most of these Fifth, supplementary information re­ The Hemophilia Act of 1973 authorizes suggest that the District of Columbia garding patient experiences. the Secretary of Health, Education, and force taximeters upon the industry. This I would like to briefly review the results Welfare to establish and fund no less would be a grave mistake. Reform can of this study. than 15 hemophilia diagnostic and be accomplished without taximeters. An estimated population of 25,499 se­ treatment centers which will not only vere and moderate hemophiliacs received supply individualized diagnosis, treat­ What is needed is a whoJe new zone sys­ treatment in the United States in 1970 ment, and counseling to the patient, but tem and a whole new rate package to go and 1971. About 80 percent of these will also provide training for profession­ with it. hemophiliacs have classic hemophilia, als and paraprofessionals in research, The record will show that the over­ and nearly 90 percent of these sufferers treatment, and the diagnosis of hemo­ whelming majority of District of Colum­ are below the age of 25. philia. Furthermore grants and contracts bia cab drivers are opposed to the in­ In 1970 and 1971, an estimated 10,780 would be utilized to establish blood f rac­ stallation of taximeters. Taxi passengers physicians treated hemophilia. Almost tionatlon centers which would make should be as well. With a meter, it is 80 percent of these physicians specialize bloocl and blood products available to always a guessing game as ·to what the in internal medicine and pediatrics. Resi­ hemophiliacs receiving care in the cen­ final fare will be. Identical tlips do not dency and continuing education are the ters. always have identical rates. The taxi­ most frequent types of training that In addition, the Secretary is author­ meter was never intended to protect the physicians receive to prepare them to ized to establish a complementary pro­ cab riding public. treat hemophilia. The majority of physi­ gram of diagnosis, treatment, and coun­ It is only with a flat rate zone system, cians treat only a small number of suf­ seling within the Public Health Service, as used here in the District of Columbia, ferers, and these physicians are not par­ and to offer hemophiliacs access to these that the public can get maximum protec­ ticipating in institution-based programs. services. tion. The passenger always knows in 3979$ ~XTENSIONS OF .REMARKS December 5, 1973 advance the exact· price Qf his trip, and going to the trouble of letting their Con­ essence, to me, are these: There ts no alter­ identical trips always cost the same fare. gressman and two Senators know, native · to an army-we must have one; we Such a system offers the maximum 1n through this means, of their support for continue to have a world which is tough, a consumer protection. the President of the United States dur­ world which is dangerous, and a world which There are, however, problems with the requires that we have armed forces which ing these very difficult times. a.re effective and disciplined and competent existing zone system. The use of the Mr. Speaker, I place this petition and and professional, and of fairly substantial rigidly fixed boundary lines made up of the names of the signers in the RECORD at size. Laid against this is the fa.ct that we arbitrarily selected streets created of un­ this point: have just finished a war, and one which, equal size. With this jigsaw puzzle, a 6- Do NOT DELAY-SPEAK OUT TODAY with numbers of people, was not very popu­ block trip for a single passenger can cost PETITION lar. After any war, there's always a lag 11) as little as 70 cents, or can cost as much We the undersigned registered voters, liv­ attitude and feeling and desire to be in the as $1.45. A 5-mile trip can cost as little ing in Davidson, Tennessee do hereby express military services, and so it's this fundamental as 85 cents. The driver can make an ex­ our support for the President of the United problem coupled with, I think, a general States, and request our Representative Rich­ public passivity with respect to our m1lltary. orbitant profit on one trip, only to have These create problems in persuading young it wiped out in the next. ard Fulton and our Senators Howard Baker and William Brock to make our position men and women to come into the armed The bill which I have introduced offers known in the halls of Congress. forces. We've, of course, had to shrink down a solution to this problem by creating Helen Sterling, Connie England, H. D. the force, had to redeploy it, and this led zone areas of equal size, wherein the cab Sliger, Margaret Hoffman, Eleanor Brown, to a lot of turbulence and 1nstab111ty Just riding public pays for the distance he Louise H. Sterling, W. M. Ashley, Rona C. as the support of the war at its peak also travels. It establishes a floating zone sys­ Ashley, Katharine Morgan, Mrs. T. H. Mor­ created great turbulence. We're now getting gan, T. H. Morgan, Mrs. W. H. Oldham, W. H. hold of those problems. We're steadying up, tem, a. straight line measurement based we're stabll1zing, and we're becoming a much on the airline distance, the mileage rate Oldham, Dorothy Montgomery, and Mrs. D. S. Bayer. better Army month by month. And so, I zone system, and sets the fare at 70 cents feel that most of the real problems we !ace for the first mile, 30 cents for each addi­ have been symptomatic of the world situa­ tional mile, and 30 cents for each addi- tion of our role in it, and of the post-war tional passenger. . RARICK REPORTS TO ms PEO­ situation and public attitudes. All of these This mileage rate zone system will de­ PLE: THE VOLUNTEER ARMY-IS we're now beginning to meet or counter ef­ crease the rates where needed, increase IT WORKING? AN INTERVIEW fectively. WITH MAJ. GEN. DEWITT SMITH Mr. RARICK. How is the army reaching the the rates where needed, and leave the prospective volunteer manpower today, using rates unchanged where needed. It is esti­ advertising, public service ads? Is this mated that 60 percent of the cab riding method successful? public will pay no increase in rates, but HON. JOHN R. RARICK General SMITH. Underlying this is our basic the drivers will receive a fairer return OF LOUISIANA approach to maintaining a volunteer force. for·their labor. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES I'd say we really attempt to reach it 1n three ways. A volunteer Army will only work if we This system is already used to compute Wednesday, December 5, 1973 parcel post rates, airline rates, trucking, have an effective Army. Then public attitudes Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, 1n a re­ and understanding of the Army must be posi­ and telephone rates. It ·is also in accord tive; and finally, the pure recruiting efforts with congressional mandates calling I or cently televised report to the people of must be effective. These three together com­ a system of uniform zones. my district, I discussed the Volunteer prise a triangle which I think represents tho The Public Service Commission of the Army with the Assistant Deputy Chief of effort to achieve a volunteer Army. Now, a District of Columbia already has the Staff for Personnel, Maj. Gen. Dewitt part of it is the pure recruiting effort, and a power to reform the present system of Smith. In order that our colleagues may part of the pure recruiting effort is adver­ zones, but has done nothing. The time benefit from the general's remarks, I in­ tising. And what we seek to do here, after has, therefore, come for the Congress to sert the text of that broadcast at this making certain we have a "product," if you point: will, an Army, which is first-rate and which take the lead in reforming the taxicab can be "sold;" then, when you have that, try industry. Congressman RARICK. Today's U.S. Army ls to ascertain the interests of the young people The fuel shortage compels us to seek in a state of change as are so many other today, and try to couple the interests of na­ ways in which to make all forms of tran­ American institutions. We've gone from ac­ tional defense and of the Army with the in­ sit more efficient. I believe that this bill tive involvement in Vietnam to a. period of terests of the young people. So you'll see us would significantly improve the perform­ uneasy peace in less than a yea.r, and now advertising challenge, adventure, old-fash­ we have the uncertainty of the Middle Ea.st. ioned concepts such as patriotism, a sense of ance of the District of Columbia taxicabs. The staffing of the Army has done an about­ public service--of doing something selfless I should also like to take this oppor­ face, from a draft environment to a no-draft rather than selfish-along with a. practical tunity, Mr. Speaker, to commend Mr. environment. The question being asked not opportunity for the enlistee. These opportu­ Irving Schlaiffer, of the District of Co­ only on Capitol H111, but throughout the nities a.re very real, very tangible-an op­ lumbia, for his help in the preparation country is: wm the Volunteer Army concept portunity to improve yourself vocationally, of this bill. Mr. Schlaiffer's knowledge work? We'll ask that question to a man who academically, within the .military, or in pre­ should know as we take a. look at the Volun­ paring for something in civlllan life. These of the taxicab industry and his imagina­ teer Army today. tive suggestions were of great assistance. things we advertise, and we find that our ad­ At the height of the Vietnam War, the vertising reaches a great range of America. The mileage rate zone system is an Army consisted of a million and a half men, Now we can tell this because of the feedback idea whose time has come. I urge my most of them draftees. T-Oday's "new Army''. we get. And we can't count one point for one colleagues to give this bill their close is about 800,000 strong and its ranks are be­ dollar, or one person for X number of dollars attention and support. ing filled by volunteers. One of the men of advertising and say with absolute cer­ charged with the responsibility of making the tainty that its working. What we really are volunteer Army concept work is Major Gen­ trying to do is to create an understanding of eral DeWitt Smith, Jr., Assistant Deputy the opportunities for growth, service, and DO NOT DELAY-SPEAK OUT TODAY Chief of Staff !or Personnel. General Smith, advancement which exist within the Army. we certainly thank you for Jolning us today. In this sense, the advertising ls successful, The dra.rt has now been over !or a.bout a but we are still somewhat restricted In what HON. RICHARD H. FULTON year. I was wondering if you could tell us we can do and, hence, achieve. Our best ad wha.t problems the Army is facing in obtain­ all is a proud and happy soldier who tells OF TENNESSEE ing their personnel through recruiting with· ot out a draft, General. his friends and community about the Army. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . Mr. RARicK. General, the Army also has a. General SMITH. Well, there are a number Wednesday, December 5, 1973 of problems. They derive from the state of new program they ca.11 "lateral entry." Could Mr. FULTON. Mr. Speaker, in today's international affairs as well as our own do­ you tell us something about it, and has it mail I received a petition sponsored by mestic situs.ton. First I might, lf I could, been successful in attracting recruits? simply say tha.t it's only been alnce July Genera.I SMIT:ia:. Yes, you could describe it the National Citizens' Committee for that we've had no draft at all, and so the with its current, popular phrase, "Stripes for Fairness to the Presidency, Inc. problems associated with getting people are Skills." I! you have certain Bk.ills acquired The 15 persons from my district sign­ relatively new. We are still learning, and the either through education, or through tralnw ing the petition are to be commended for sltua.tlon ls unprecedented. The problems 1D ing, or through practical experience ln civil~ December 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39799 ian life, then, after basic training, you can were not only discipline, but were an honor General SMITH. No, I'm not sure of that, begin with some stripes on your arm and in the service. This brings about the ques­ There are people who would be put-off by rapidly acquire more. This is really the en­ tion: has the Army then reduced the stand­ those kinds of threats or potential dangers. listed counterpart to the officer programs in ard of discipline among the new soldiers? On the other hand, there are many young which we bring men with special skills into General SMITH. I was a private back about people, and we're looking for them, who the Army and commission them right away. the end of the Ice Age in the Canadian Army respond to challenge. And some of the fine For example, doctors, lawyers, chaplains. for a short while, and also a private in the reactions of young soldiers when the 82d Air­ We've had this enlisted program for some American Army, and so I've had a look at borne was alerted recently, for example, per­ time, in more limited form, and in the last discipline from a lot of points of view. The suade me that we have a lot of such people fiscal year we took in just about 1,100 people discipline we want ls self-discipline for the in the Army today. These kinds of things under that option. Recently, we've expanded individual. And we want unit discipline. By make me think that young people are not it and expect more high-quality people to these measures, in my mind, our discipline worried about challenges, not so worried come. Now we can say to someone, let's say ls as good or better than it's ever been in about dangers as some of the critics who one who's graduated from a junior college or the American Army. I think that we've been view them today might have you believe. someone who's a first-class fork-lift operator, subject to some accusations of lowered dis­ Mr. RARICK. Well, I think it all ends up or a variety of other skills, about 50 of them. cipline, or permissiveness, if you want to use then that either we have a draft, we have ... If you come into the Army, we'll bring that phrase, from people who didn't really no Army, or we have a volunteer Army. And you in as an E-3; this is the third step on understand what was at work. But what we the ultimate decision would be with the our promotion scale. You'll take basic train- did was to review all the old practices and re­ American people and the young people of . ing; we'll judge your performance, what skills validate them. If they were still important this age, isn't that about the way you see it? . you have brought in; and contingent on our militarily, we kept them. If they weren't iln­ General SMITH. I agree with that entirely. judgment of those, you '11 be promoted right portant militarily, if they didn't contribute, People ask, "Are we going to have a volunteer away either to an E-4 or to a.n E-5. Now if you if they simply harassed the young people of Army?" We do have one. I see no evidence talk about an E-5 and he's a married young today, we did away with them. Then too, how here, but you're the judge of that, but I see fellow, he'll start out at about $600 a month. do you measure discipline? You measure it in no evidence of Co~gress' wanting to rush to And this represents a real opportun_ity be­ terms of whether an art111ery unit can put reinstitute the draft. We've got a volunteer cause all of the other Army opportunities rounds out in the "box," whether an infan­ Army. The alternative ls no Army, and that's also go along with this: educational oppor­ try unit can soldier for many days and nights unacceptable if we want peace, security, tunities, the opportunity to build yourself through tough weather, and under danger stabllity and freedom. physically, to challenge yourself, to mature. and stress, and come out with its chin up. Mr. RARICK. Congress doesn't want to re­ And we think that the appeal of this ra.uid Also, whether that unit's men can fire their institute the draft, but they certainly want promotion system, the "Stripes fo-:- Skllls," weapons and maintain their vehicles, and to get involved with every Uttle diplomatic for people who really bring into the Army still go on. You measure it, too, by statistical triangle around the world. advanced skills, may bring several thousands indicators, of AWOL, crimes and the like. And General SMITH. Well, I'll be leave that to of young people annually into the Army, both all of these measures now say to me that the your discretion and judgment. We carry out from the point of view of their own self-in­ Army's discipline is good and getting better. policy. terest, and also the contribution they can It's simply, absolutely untrue that we've Mr. RARICK. Thank you very much, General make to the Army and country, short or lowered discipline or that the men and units Smith. Our guest today has been General De­ longterm. of today are undisciplined and can't defend Witt Smith who ls the · Assistant Deputy Mr. RARICK. Apparently, there is some sus­ this country. You can be proud of them. Chief of Staff !or Personnel, U.S. Army. picion of an all-volunteer force, and from Mr. RARICK. You don't feel then that the General SMITH. Thank you for having me. time to time, Genera.I, we hear the charges length of a soldier's hair or his beard neces­ I've enjoyed it. that the Army has lowered its educational sarily affects his discipline? standards in order to meet quotas. Are these Genera.I SMITH. I· do not. We'have regula­ charges correct? Is there anything to this? tion,s. They must be ob~yed. But the other · General SMITH. We don't have an absolute :mat.ters I have disc45sed are the important . rigid definition of those whb can and ca.n•t· ones. . THE BUDGE~ - AND ~OUNDMENT come in to . us by educational standards · Mr. RARICK. General, do you feel that the. CONTROL ACT alone, as we did for a while. That's true. For press, which is usually the media whic_h soipe period of time, we sought to say that reaches the_ gener.al public, has giv~n the we· w~mlq take in 70. percent :tµgh s~b,091 . volunteer army concept a fair reporting? graduates, and 30 percent not. That wa;s HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK General SMITH. Yes, I do. Fa.ir is one word OJi' omo based to a degree on the composition of the or concept, though, and absolutely unquali­ draft army. But since then, we've done a lot fied support ls another. We don't have a.ny IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES more thinking and lot more analyzing as to right to expect the second. We do have a Wednesday, December 5, 1973 those who make effective soldiers. And you right, I think, to expect fairness. And I do can find numbers of high school graduates wish that the critics would truly ascertain Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, I have who don't make effective soldiers at all. We've the facts, the current facts, before making frequently expressed my concern over also found that four out of every five non­ up their minds. high school graduates do make effective the gradual erosion of legislative au­ Mr. RARICK. I think the main goal is to thority. For too long, Congress has stood soldiers. By effective, I mean someone who have a.n Army which would be able to defend behaves well and does his job well. our country from any and all enemies, for­ on the sidelines and allowed the Presi­ Mr. RARICK. And adapts to the service? eign and domestic. This is the real goal. Gen­ dent to take over many of its constitu­ Genera.I SMITH. That's right. And so this era.I, in your opinion, can the Army maintain tionally mandated powers and duties. is what we're really looking for-a motivated, Today, however, we have before us a effective soldier. So, have we changed the the number and quallty of personnel on a balance, the arbitrary balance between high volunteer basis to adequately provide defense bill which will reestablish congressional school graduates and non-high school gradu­ of this country? control over the budget and reassert its ates. Presently we're aiming to bring in about General SMITH. The Jury's still out on right to set spending priorities. I am 50 percent high school graduates; more if that. My pqsition, whivh ls certainly no bet­ pleased that Congress is finally moving they'll come. But the key thing we're look­ ter than anyone else's, is one of moderate to restore its constitutional prerogatives ing for ls a person who's adapted to the optimism. It would be more than moderate in this vital matter of spending. service, whose behavior and performance will if I were assured tllat the public's support A major area of controversy in this be m.a,tters of pride to himself and to the and respect for the institution of the Army, bill is the title con·cernirig impoundment Army, and these aren't necessarily tied to and their willingness to see their sons and by the executive branch. ~though I have education. As a part of this-an important daughters serve for a short or a long period consistently fought against excessive ' pa.rt--we are developing much better ways to of time in the Army were unqualifl.ed. So, if identify prospectively good soldiers. These the people wa.nt us to have an effective Army, Government spending and voted to sus­ better ways include new tests, new "whole and understand that even a volunteer Army tain the President's veto of extravagant person" screens, and increased command re­ is able to achieve it. And certainly, it'll be a money bills, I do not believe that Execu­ sponsibllity for judging the performance and good Army, whatever size it ls. tive impoundment offers a real solution potential of new soldiers during their first Mr. RARICK. Do you feel that the war threat to our Nation's fiscal and economic prob­ 179 days of service. from the Middle East and the Juggling still lems. Congress, not the President, is as­ Mr. RARICK. General, some of us who were going. on in Vietnam are causing the volun­ signed the appropriation power. under in the "old Army" have been concerned about teer Army concept to not move forward as our Constitution. Constitutional prin­ the new changes of the Army such as abolish­ fa.st as you might have hoped tt there had ciples should never be sacrificed in order ing KP and some of the other matters which been some world peace and stabllity? to secure short-term benefits. 39800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 TACHOGRAPH WILL HELP MONITOR [From the Washington Star-News, Nov. 19, trucks operated in co~erce which shall (A) FUEL SHORTAGE 1973) indicate the speed of such buses or trucks, RADIO CHATTER OK's TRUCKS' HIGHBALLING in miles per hour, (B) provide a nonreset­ How many times have the big trailer trucks table odometer to record the total miles HON. PAUL FINDLEY thundered by at 70-plus m.p.h. on major traveled by such vehicle up to at least one OF ILLINOIS turnpike straightaways to leave motorists million miles, (C) indicate by a signal, whether visible or audible, to the driver of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wondering how they get a.way with it? How they get away with it, according to such bus or truck when it ls exceeding a Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Pennsylvania State police, ls through a secret specific rate of speed, and (D) provide for a permanent visible record (by chart) or (1) Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, on No­ and largely lllegal net of citizen's band radios in the cabs of the trucks. The radios tell t~e speed of such vehicle (in miles per hour), vember 15, I introduced H.R. 11514, the truckers where the law ls-and where he ls (il) the distance traveled (in miles), (iii) Bus and Truck Safety Act of 1973. This not. driver changes (if any), and (iv) the number bill would require each truck and bus un­ Exchanging key code words over the radios, and length of periods during which the vehi­ der the jurisdiction of the Interstate truckers know when police are not around cle was not operated, and (E) be attached to Commerce Commission to be equipped and can roar down the highway as fast-- · such bus or truck and secured from unau­ with a tachograph, a recording instru­ and as overweight--as they please. thorized use with a lock or seal in .such a Key words include "Smokey the Bear," re­ manner as to automatically indicate on the ment which provides a permanent rec­ record required by clause (D) each time any ord by chart of speed in miles-per-hour, ferring to state policemen, "chicken coops," for weighing stations, and "c'mon and run," such instrument or instruments are opened. distance traveled, and the number and meaning the coast ls clear. (2) Such specifications shall include spec­ duration of stops, as well as other per­ Estimates of the number of truckers ifications with respect to (A) accuracy un­ tinent information. equipped with radios vary upward from the der various forces and conditions, (B) visibil­ Experience in foreign countries where federal government's 25 percent. There are ity or audibility, a.s the case may be, and (C) the tachograph is mandatory equipment no accurate figures because most truckers resistance of such instrument or instruments shows clearly that these devices promote don't obtain the required federal license. to impact and corrosion. speed control, serve as a warning to driv­ One new owner of a citizen's band radio ls (b) The Secretary shall by regulations pro­ state police Cpl. Gary Mysel. vide by whom and for what period of time ers and provide accurate records for own­ As he sat in his patrol car on the shoulder any records made by such instruments shall ers, drivers, and law enforcement agen­ of Interstate 81 near Harrisburg, a group of be retained. cies. Several States already have such tractor-trailers passed. Seconds later, the ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE AND JUDICIAL laws or are considering them. Bills have · radio came alive. REVIEW been introduced to require tachographs "Smokey the Bear's sittin' near exit 28, SEC. 2. The provisions of subchapter II of on buses in Connecticut, Massachusetts, He's in a plain wrapper (unmarked car)," chapter 6, and chapter 7, of title 6, United and Rhode Island. A bill to require the it barked. States Code, shall be applicable with respect use of tachographs on other vehicles in "Within five minutes they'll know 20 miles to regulations prescribed under section 1 of in both directions that we're sitting here," addition to buses was introduced in New this Act. explained Cpl. Edward Fraser, Mysel's part­ PROHIBITED ACTS York. ner. Truckers hummed by at the legal speed I am hopeful that hearings can be held for the next 30 minutes. SEC. 3. (a) It shall be unlawful for any per­ on this bill and the Congress will enact Officers say the two-way network gives son to operate or cause to be operated in com­ .it at an early date for several reasons. truckers virtual immunity to speeding and merce any bus or truck manufactured on or after January 1, 1976, unless such bus ot Of primary concern to everyone is the overweight arrests. It had become a national highway safety problem before speed limits truck is equipped with an instrument or in­ urgent necessity to conserve our precious struments which comply with regulations energy supplies. The House yesterday were lowered because of the energy crisis. The network also helps explain what has prescribed by the Secretary pursuant to sec­ passed a bill setting a national speed lim­ long been a mystery to the average motorist: tion 1 of this Act. it of no more than 55 miles per hour for How can those trucks keep barrelling along (b) It shall be unlawful for any person to all vehicles. Enforcement of that stand­ at 70 miles per and never seem to get stopped operate or cause to be operated in commerce ard will be left to State and local officials. by police? after January 1, 1978, any bus or truck manu­ The tachograph will make enforcement "Now watch this," says Mysel as he drove factured before January 1, 1976, unless such the patrol car well away from the highway. bus or truck is equipped with an instrument much more uniform. It will make it quite or instruments which comply with regula­ unlikely that the giants . of the high­ Picking up the microphone from his citi­ zen's band radio and speaking in his best ti.ons prescribed by the Secretary pursuant ways-trucks and buses-will violate the truckdriver voice, he broadcasts: to section 1 of this Act. new speed law and jeopardize the lives of "I'm out here near exit 28 and Smokey's ( c) It shall be unlawful for any person passengers and other motorists alike. nowhere in sight. C'mon and run, C'mon, to offer for sale for use in any bus or truck A recent article in the Washington c'mon!" or to install in any bus or truck a.ny instru­ Star indicates that such violations are Minutes later, the rigs whiz by at well ment or instruments, which are represented widespread among truckers and almost over the 55 m .p.h. limit. by such person to comply with regulations prescribed by the Secretary pursuant to sec­ impossible to combat. Through the use of No one has yet found an effective way to thwart the truckers' system. tion 1 of this Act, unless such instrument or a secret and largely illegal network of cit­ The report on the truck drivers operation instruments in fact comply with such regula­ izen's band radios in the cabs of trucks, was developed by reporters for the Phila­ tions. many have secured virtual immunity delphia Inquirer. PENALTIES from speeding and overweight arrests. When Federal Communications Commis­ SEC. 4. Any person who willfully and know­ Key code words are exchanged by as sion inspectors interrupt the truckers' trans­ ingly violates section 3 of this Act shall be· many as 25 percent of the truckers on our missions and ask for their licensed call fined no more than $1,000 for each such Nation's highways, thereby informing letters, the response is often "KMA." violation. each other of the locations of police vehi­ KMA is not part of any legal ca.11 sign, but DEFINITIONS here's a hint: the inspectors believe the K SEc. 5. As used in this Act- cles, speed traps, and other law enforce­ stands for "kiss." ment officials. (1) The term "commerce" means com­ The bare statistics on truck accidents Text of bill follows: merce between any place in a State and any H.R. 11514 place outside thereof, or between places in show the dangers involved. According to the same State but through any place out­ the National Safety Council, in 1972 A bill to require that buses and trucks oper­ ated in commerce be equipped with in­ side thereof. alone there were approximately 3,500,000 (2) The term "State" includes the District big-rig accidents that killed 5,500 persons struments to provide a record of certain operating data, and for other purposes of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto and caused $6 billion in property damage. Rico, and any possession of the United States. According to the Bureau of Public Be it enacted by the Senate and House o/ (3) The term "motor vehicle" means any Representatives of the Unttea States of vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power Roads, the average passenger car travel­ America in Congress assembled., ing 50 mph needs 122 feet stop. The which Is manufactured primarily for use on to REGULATIONS the public streets, roads, or highways, ex­ average three- or four-axle truck needs cept any vehicle operated exclusively on a ran 445 feet-almost four times as much. SECTION 1. (a) (1) Not later than the one hundred and eightieth day after the date of or rails. Obviously, it is hard enough for a truck enactment of this Act, the Secretary of ( 4) The term "bus" means any motor vehi­ to stop when it is traveling the legal Transportation (hereafter in this Act referred cle designed to carry more than eight pas­ speed limit. When it is speeding, it is even to as the "Secretary'') shall prescribe and sengers. more difficult, and is less likely that it wlll publish regulations in the Federal Register ( 5) The term "truck" means any motor be able to stop with safety. establishing &peclficatlons for one or more vehicle designed to carry property in further­ Text of newsstory follows: instruments for installation in buses and ance of any business activity. Dece1nber 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39801 CONGRESS SHOULD ACT NOW ON Our employees have bad no diffi:::ult y in Numerous mathematical properties can be learning the metric system, and once famil­ derived or illustrated by the metric system. METRIC CONVERSION MEASURE iar with it, many voiced the opinion that it but that ls a topic for some other setting. was an easier system to learn. Everything ls Of interest to us here ls a way in which the divided equally by ten, which makes it, in metric system can be taught in the class­ HON. ROBERT McCLORY the eyes of the Americans, just like dollars room. Undoubtedly, there a.re unique points OF ILLINOIS and dimes . . . All of our employees adapted to keep in mind at each grade level. How­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES very well to this system. ever, an approach of this sort has even proven to be reasonably successful in the Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Pointing out the present uncoordi­ essential task of helping elementary school Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, legisla­ nated movement toward the metric sys­ teachers develop skill in using metric units. tion that would overcome the present tem, the article shows that: Of com·se, the amount of time available can slow, uncoordinated dlift of this country The companies aiming toward metrication be much shorter than for pupils, and the in­ are not motivated by laws or edicts but by struction more condensed. But the involve­ to the metric system of measurement has ment in m aking real measurements is pres­ yet to be passed by the Congress. Oppo­ the reality of the marketplace. Our country is the last industrialized country in the ent. sition b~ some elements of the business world not already on the metric syste:i;n or of­ The class we shall talk a.bout is a fourth community and segments of organized ficially committed to convert to that sys­ grade in a Chicago suburb. These pupils labor persist. Still, it is encouraging to tem. . . One of the reasons why American stepped of! into their exploration of the note that most businesses and educa­ exports are not expanding faster is the fact metric system by first experimenting with tion.al groups have taken the initiative that we cannot offer our foreign customers arbitrary measurement. These activities were and are proceeding to make the neces­ the metric-sized products they want. A re­ introduced to show the need for a. system cent Department of Commerce survey indi­ of standard units of measurement. sary and vital changes that must be made Each child's hand span was used as his in order for them to convert to the metric cated that the country was losing 10 to 20 billion doliars annually in exports because unit. The children began by working to­ system. our products were non-met ric. Metrication gether to measure objects named by the Since these labor union and small busi­ would be one manner in which to improve teacher-for example, the width of their ness groups think that any such change­ the present U.S. trade deficit and even the desks. They first estimated the measurement over to the metric system will require balance of payments. in terms of their hand spans and then per­ extensive schooling and retraining, they formed the measurement. After measuring are demanding that the U.S. taxpayer be As I say, the present situation should a number of objects together, they pro­ assessed huge sums of money to pay for be improved. We should act quickly and ceeded on their own to estimate and measure decisively. We should bring the metric other objects in the room. such education or training. This attitude The following day the students compiled indicates a lack of faith in the ability of legislation to the floor of the House for and compared results. The genera.I feeling the American adult to learn and progress action. With the many problems beset­ was one of dissatisfaction with the impos­ either on the job or in his place of busi­ ting this Nation, if we can help matters sibility of comparing results of communicat­ ness. as greatly as the articles point out by ing measurements to others. Everyone agreed In order to dispel such misconceptions establishing a mechanism by legislation on the need for a standard unit of measure­ about the ability of the worker to change for a comprehensive conversion to the ment. and to learn, I would like to bring to the metric system, I say we should do so The next step involved giving everyone a immediately. piece of construction paper of the same size. attention of my colleagues two articles The pa.per was one decimeter in length ( a that I came across recently. Mr. Speaker, I include the following little less than four inches). At this point, The first article, entitled "Teaching items at this point in the RECORD: however, that fa.ct was not explained. The Children to Think Metric," appeared in "Teaching Children To Think Metric," basic process of measuring various objects Today's Education and is authored by from Today's Education; letter from was repeated; each person estimated and two residents of Illinois: George W. President Nixon; and "Into the Metric measured to the nearest unit and recorded his results. As far as the children were con­ Bright, assistant professor, department Mainstream," from Impact: cerned, the unit they used was an arbitrary of mathematical sciences, Northern Illi­ TEACHING CHILDREN To THINK METRIC one. nois University; and Carol-Ann Jones, (By George W. Bright and Carol-Ann Jones) When their information was compiled and fourth grade teacher, Westgate School, There once was a student named Peter, recorded, the children were less dissatisfied. Arlington Heights, Ill. Their article shows Who asked, "Why use meter and liter?" The results were fairly accurate for objects very clearly how easy it was for a class But when he found out between one and 15 decimeters. Measure­ of fow-th grade students in the Chicago He let out a shout, ments of longer lengths, such as the height suburb to learn the metric system and "Cause meter and liter are neater!" or the length of the room, were more dis­ crepant. how much easier it was for them to un­ This limerick, written by a. first grade With a little prodding, the students con­ derstand and use than the conventional teacher at the close of a three-week work­ cluded that a longer unit was needed. The customary sYStem. shop, reflects the ideal reaction of people solution they proposed was to tape their It is interesting that the key to devel­ who are exposed to the modernized metric units together. In groups of from two to oping skill in converting accurately system. Unfortunately, the approach often seven, they taped their units together and among the linear unit.5 appears to come used to tea.ch the metric system-conversion remeasured some of the lengths they had from frequent practice and that the ex­ from the metric system to the English sys­ disagrered about. The results were more ac­ perience so gained brings about a famil­ tem and vice versa-promotes confusion and curate, and the students were satisfied. dislike for the only common measurement In order to have them realize the need for iarity with the actual sizes of the metric system whose components are meaningfully a unit smaller than a decimeter, objects less units, which, in turn, enables people to related to each other. than a decimeter long were listed on the think metric. The basic unit of length in the metric boa.rd, and the children were instructed to The article includes a chart drawn up system is the meter, which ls about 10 per­ measure them. The need became apparent by a sixth grade class in New Jersey to cent longer than .the ya.rd. It is not the 1·ight away, and their solutions followed al­ help explain the metric system to stu­ uniqueness of the basic unit, but rather the most as quickly. Some wanted to divide their dents in other classes in the school. For manner in which multiples and submultiples papers in half; others, in thirds; and others, its good work, an~ creative e:ffort.5, the of the meter are derived that sets the metric in eighths. class received a letter of congratulation system apart from other measurement sys­ At this point the children were told that tems. Our number system ls based on ten and the standard unit ls called a decimeter, that from President Nixon, which I would like the powers of ten. The metric system ls a decimeter ls made up of 10 centimeters, to insert in connection with my remarks. modeled on this system in order to exploit and that 10 decimeters are a meter. They The second article, entitled "Into the the inherent computational simplicity. were then given metric tape measures, meter Metric Mainstream," appears in the Sep­ The first submultiple of the meter is ob­ sticks, and centimeter rulers. Some children tember 1973 issue of Impact, the official tained by dividing the meter into 10 equal also realized that their personal rulers were monthly publication of the South Caro­ parts, each of which ls called a. decimeter. r.:rn.rked in metric, so there was no lack of lina State Board for Technical and Com­ This unit ls still too large for som~ measure­ measuring tools. prehensive Education. ments, so a decimeter is divided into 10 parts, Some of the earlier measurements were In a general discussion of the number each of which is called a centimeter. The now repeated with- metric units. Measure­ process of subdivision could, at lea.st theo­ m ents were made first to the nearest deci­ of industries moving into South Carolina retically, continue indefinitely, and in scme meter, then to the nearest meter, and finally to set up manufacturing activities and to scientific work it is repeated many more to the nearest centimeter. In order to get hire local help, it was noted by the plant t.lmes than most people would care to imag­ t h e pupils to discover the relationships manager of Mayer & Cie, Edgar Forten­ ine. But for most real-world measuremen ts, aTUon g the three units, some measurements bacher, that: the centimetar is quite accurate enough. were repeated. Ample time was provided for

83 - 059 0 - 75 - 2506 Pt 30 '39802 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973 self-checking. The children also had oppor­ one way in which the-metric system can be machining parts for the cam section to the tunities to measure objects to the nearest introduced to a class of fourth graders. final assembly. centimeter, then to the nearest decimeter, After most of the pupils develop adequate The TEC Industrial Division has several and, if possible, to the nearest meter. Meas­ sk1lls in multiplication, experiences in work­ pieces of metric equipment throughout the uring in units in increasing order reinforced ing with area and volume can be introduced. system ranging from milling machines to ver­ the relationships among the units. Too, the children have not yet discovered tical turret lathes. There a.re also adapter Some pupils caught on right away. They the meanings of the prefixes, but these mean­ kits to convert conventional English system found that if they measured to the nearest ings will develop with use. It seems inappro­ machine tools to the metric equivalent. Much centimeter they could round off the measure priate to force the children to learn the pre­ of this equipment will be utilized in the to the nearest multiple of 10, drop the final fixes, for this. would promote rote rather than Bosch-training programs. zero, and have the correct number of deci­ meaningful learning. Since these fourth Edgar Fortenbacher, Mayer & Cle Plant meters. They were able to use a simllar graders had been introduced to fractional Manager, said, "Using the metric system was procedure to find the measures in meters. but not decimal notation, they found it diffi­ a natural thing for this company to do since Others were fascinated to find-without cult to record their measurements in deci­ our sister plants in Germany and Brazil use quite knowing why-that when they had, for mals. metrics. Many of our customers in foreign example, a three-digit measurement in The boys and girls seemed to grasp the lands are familiar only with the metric sys­ centimeters, the first two digits often equaled concepts of the metric system as long as tem and American companies are utilizing the measurement in decimeters. they were not pushed too fast. Repeated metrics more. The key to developing skill in converting practice extending over a long period of time . "Our employees have had no difficulty in accurately among the linear units seems appears to be the best way to develop skills learning the system and once familiar with ·clearly to be frequent practice. In this way, and confidence in using metric units. One _it, many voiced the opinion that it was an children can discover the relationships and suspects that an analogous approach would easier system to learn_. Everything is di~ded then assist their classmates. -be successful at many dtiferent grade levels. equally by ten, which ·makes it in the eyes of A few members of the class wanted to be Experience with the units will breed fa­ the Americans, just like dollars and dimes." more accurate. They noticed the millimeter miliarity with the actual sizes of the re­ . markings on their rulers, asked what they Continuing F~rtenbacher noted, "Work­ spective units, and it is this familiarity that ing with TEC, we were able to develop a were, and then proceeded to use them. Some allows people to make a smooth transition to were curious about long distances, and since training manual in the metric system which the metric system. This famillarity, in turn, showed our employees the basic metric sys­ by this time they were aware that they were will free people to think metric. studying the metric system, an animated tem, metric math,· and the use of precision discussion of kilometer& evolved. metric measuring instruments. All of our em­ One of the more important features of the THE WHITE HOUSE, ployees adapted very well to this system." activities used with the fourth grade class is Washington, D.O., December 6, 1972. While Congress is groping with more than practice in estimating lengths. Estimation Mr. LEVIN'S SIXTH GRADE CLASS, a dozen bills that would formalize this coun­ acted as a motivation for accuracy in that Intermediate School, try's entry into the metric mainstream, the boys and girls wanted to check their Ocean atty, N.J. thousands of American manufacturers from guesses. Such self-checking activities pre­ DEAR GIRLS AND BOYS: It was particularly Ford Motor Company to Beloit Tool Corpo­ pare them to move away from the structure kind of you to remember me with the "Metric ration have already ta.ken steps for a smooth of the classroom to develop their own learn­ Plaque" which you made and enclosed with changeover. ing experiences. They also seemed to enjoy your thoughtful letter. I am always pleased Certain industries such as farm and earth­ the chance to guess the answer before veri­ to learn of interesting school projects such moving equipment are undertaking gradual fying their estimates. as the one you are engaged in. You are to conversion on their own. For instance, Deere Two different kinds of estimation were be commended for your ingenuity in cre­ & Co., manufacturers of farm equipment, be­ , \lSed to help them develop concepts of the ating study aids for use by your fellow stu­ lieve that excessive costs associated with metric lengths. The first consisted of speci­ de~ts. and for your determination to broaden metrication can be avoided if the conversion fying an object, such as the teacher's desk, your understanding of "the meter as a stand­ if! done in an orderly fashion. The company a.nd asking for estimates of one of the dimen­ ard of measurettlent. Keep up the good work! started its own metric conversion about ten sions of the object, such as its height. The With my best wishes to each of you, and years ago by preparing many of its technical children then verlfied their guesses inde­ to your teacher:, for the years ahead, drawings in dual dimensions. Many members pendently. Sincere!~, of the cutting tool industry feel the conver­ The second consisted of stating a measure­ RICHARD NIXON . . sion !Jan be accomplished easily if it is done ment, such as seven decimeters, and asking gradually. As for the metrication of screw the children to locate an object, solely by threads and fasteners, many years will be sight, that had a dimension with the speci­ INTO THE METRIC MAINSTREAM required to complete a standardization. fied measure. Each child could then measure In Orangeburg, South Carolina, precision The companies aiming toward metrication the object he selected to determine whether circular knitting machines are being manu­ are not motivated by laws or edicts but by his choice was a good one. factured in metric dimensions at Mayer & the reality of the marketplace. Our nation is The two kinds of estimation do not seem Cie (USA). other companies throughout the the last industrialized country in the world to be the same kind of activity. Fewer chil­ state a.re beginning to ut111ze the metric not already on the metric system or officially dren were successful with the second method system, especially in technical blueprints or committed to convert to that system. Nine­ of estimation than with the first. The most in products which are destined for the over­ tenths of the world uses metrics with Japan, accurate estimators in the first setting were seas II18Z'ket. Russia, Great Britain, West Germany and all not necessarily the most accurate in the The· International Business Machines Cor­ of the other great manufacturing nations be­ second. This fact has also been observed in poration (ffiM) began expressing its engi­ ing metric. The parts they manufacture are working with elementary school teachers in neering drawings and technical documents in interchangeable throughout the world, and a workshop setting. both metric and nonmetric units in 1964. the balance of trade is rapidly tipping in Estimation practice seems to have several Two yea.rs ago, the company began a ten their favor. consequences. It helps develop the concepts year phase-in plan to make metric measure­ With international trade becoming an in­ of multiples of numbers, especially multiples ment the standard in design, testing, ma.nu.:. creasingly important issue to the American of the powers of 10. Further, it may aid the facture and service of all new products. economy, world trade may prove the decisive growth of mental concepts of spatial ·visual­ The Bosch Corporation which recently lo­ push that swings the United States to the ization. It certainly does force children to cated in Charleston is also on the metric metric system. One of the reasons American make visual comparisons among dimensions system in the manufacture of their fuel in­ exports are not expanding faster is the fact . of objects. jection pumps. The TEC Industrial Division that we cannot offer our foreign customers One other metric unit was introduced­ is presently setting up a series of Special the metric-sized products they want. A re­ the kilogram, which ls the unit of mass or School training programs for prospective cent Department of Commerce slll'vey in­ weight. At sea level, a mass of one kilogram employees. Training wm encompass machine dicated that the country was losing ten to weighs about 2.2 pounds. The only planned operation and assembly and will begin with twenty bilUon. dollars annually in exports experience with this unit was to have each an introduction to metrics. · because our products were non-metric. With child weigh himself on a metric bathroom Since the inception of TEC in 1961, part the dollar floundering in the world market­ scale. In fact, almost anything that could of its effort has been to make it possible for place, metrication would be one manner in stand or be placed on the scale was weighed. workers In the various industries throughout which to improve the present United States The children collected empty boxes and cans the Palmetto State to keep abreast of the trade deficit and even the balance of pay- from their kitchen at home-containers that current technological trends in the world ments. . have the weight listed both in ounces and of business. When Mayer & Cie, a West Ger­ A number of companies have changed over grams. Thes~ objects provided examples of man textile machinery company, located in to dual designations in an effort to be more the common use of metric units. the state in 1970, the TEC Industrial Di.;. competitive and make the conversion proc-. Another activity deserves a comment. After vision had its first program in training peo­ ess simpler. Obviously, a firm trying to sell several weeks' practice, the children were ple in the fine points of the metric system. agricultural machinery in Poland, plastics in asked to write a story describing what the TEC conducted a number of Special School Sweden, or pharmaceuticals in Korea has a world would be like if there were no meas­ pre-employment training programs for the better chance of success if its articles are urement at a.U. firm. To meet company requirements, all designed to the metric standards observed in The activities described here constitute phases of manufacture were in metrics from those countries. · D~cember 5_, 1973_ EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS . 39B03 As the trend toward multinationalism In proved by Congress the country would then liters of gas a.re Just .a few examples. In the .business accelerated following World Wa.r II, begin the systematic transition to metrics. years to come, it will be common for a ma.n many American companies determined that The actions taken by American companies to weigh 82.3 kllogra.ms and the temperature access to a foreign market was easier if the are a clear sign that a switch to the metric to be measured on the Centigrade sea.le. product wa.s manufactured in that market. system is Just a question of time. The TEC which has always felt the pulsebeat The widespread use of the metric system changeover will not be easy and even advo• of industry and been ready to supply its· required American companies to begin cates admit that conversion may take up to needs, will be ready to assist the companies "thinking metric." thirty years for the general public to accept as they adopt the metric system to their on the other hand, direct foreign invest- the different, though much simpler standards · product line. ment in this country ls continuing a.t a. fast o! measure. Scientists are already indoctri­ pace, particularly in view of the dollar de- nated to metrication and for many engineers valuations, as well as the spiralling infia.tion within industry, metrics has become a second in Europe. According to a study by the De- language. OSHA pa.rtment of Commerce, South Carolina. Ba.rbrow who has been in close touch with ranks third among a.ll the states (after New the House subcommittee,· noted that as in York a.nd New Jersey) in the number of off- Britain, the conversion would be voluntary HON. 0. C. FISHER shore investments. Over fifty companies with the initiative for the changeover com­ OF TEXAS from ten countries have already established ing from the private, non-government sector. either production fa.cillties or a sales base in Proponents of metrication feel that its im­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES the Pa.imetto State. Multinational companies pact will be lessened by a gradual, govern­ Wednesday, December 5, 1973 with a production base in the state have mentally-coordinated changeover. The most distinct advantages both in the American likely a.pproa.ch will be a dua.llzation of J.fi".FISIIER,.l\fr.Speaker,underleave market a.nd in international trade. Because standards with the "English" system being to extend my remarks I include the third of this reality discernible and accelerating eventually phased out. in a series of three articles on OSHA, movement toward internationalization of In educational circles, metrics would be written by R. D. Patrick Mahoney, which production, an adoption of the metric sys- taught and the present system would be was carried in the November 21, 1973, tem · would enhance additional investment eliminated over a period of years. Already in this country. The fa.ct that the TEC rn- innovative school districts have begun teach­ issue of the Texas Tribune. The article dustrial Division can easily provide training . ing metrics_in the first grade. By 1975, all follows: programs based on metrics ls a. decided plus schools in the country should be teaching OSHA IV factor. both systems with the "English" system com- (By R. D. Pa.trick Mahoney) About a millennium ago an Anglo-Saxon pletely disappearing from most curricula. by If there ls one important lesson to be king, Edgar, stretched out his a.rm and or- 1985. Educators feel that metrics, without learned by the American people from the Oc­ dered that the span between his nose and fractions and constant conversions, a.re far cupa.tiona.l Safety and Health Act and its fingertips be notched onto a stick which he easier for a. child to comprehend. aftermath, it ls that polltlcians are st1ll ex­ decreed was a "ya.rd." The inch came about This gradual transition will require that tremely sensitive to the voices of those who by laying three grains of dried barley end the current generation of technical students elected them. And during both the Senate to end. play a key, pivotal role in the changeover. and House hearings on the tactics of the Eight centuries after King Edgar developed Early in their careers as technicians, these OSHA administrators, Congressmen from a.ll the yard as a standard of measure, a group individuals wlll need to be completely capable over the natlon were he-a.ring from those elec­ of French scientists developed the meter. of thinking in English and metric units with tors. The French system provided a coherent set equal fa.clllty. In last Issue's OSHA column, the example of .units of measurement. In 1770, the French At the TEC Centers a number of currlcu­ was given of Congressman Bob Price from Republic initiated the metric system as we lar areas, such as the allied health programs, Texas, who completely reversed his initial know it and this was used to counteract the require a knowledge of both systems. TEC position on OSHA after being alerted by an Jumble of systems and weights and other chemistry and physics courses are taught 1n informed constituency. In fa.ct, so many measures used by some other countries in both systems of measurement so engineering Congressmen have had second thoughts con- the pa.st. The environment in France after technician students can easily convert from • cerning OSHA that, according to Congress­ the French Revolution gave impetus to the one system to another. Other curricula, too, man Charles Thone of Nebraska., no less than efforts for improvement. have integrated the metric system into their 128 House members have now joined in Such an awareness also existed in America basic classroom procedure. For instance, 1n sponsoring one or more proposed amend­ as ls documented in statements on the lm- the automotive shops metric tools and ments to the law. ports.nee of weights and measures regulation wrenches a.re avallable for work on foreign contained in the Articles of Confederation cars. Also, many machine shop students have But how may one effectively combat the wh1ch were ratified in 1781. The metric sys- projects which require measurement in both "gestapo" tactics mentioned in our last is­ tem was even favored by many of this ooun- English and metric units. Orangeburg-Cal­ sue, that a.re being used by the OSHA agents? try's founding fathers Including George houn TEC offers a sel!-paced course 1n One of the oldest and best targets is still the Washington, John Adams and Thomas Jef- metrics. pocketbook. ferson. In 1866, Congress ratified the measure Already the average American has started Representative David Dennis of Indiana accepting the metric system a.s the only legal to live the metric way, however subcon­ proposed an amendment to OSHA which system of measures. One of the proponents sclously. Aspirin tablets are metric best­ would ha.ve deleted $20 million from the orig­ for th1s blll was Abraham Lincoln. Later in sellers. Indeed the American drug industry inal appropriation figure for the administra­ 1875, the United States attended the Inter- has been on the metric system since the tion of OSHA. And the very ::ea.son Dennis national Metric Convention and signed the 1950's. The contents of all pha.rmaceutlcal advanced the amendment was because he Treaty of the Meter a.long with sixteen other bottles are weighed in milligrams or grams. had received more mall from his constitu­ nations. Also at the drugstore, the consumer may pur- ents on OSHA than on any other measure Despite our progress toward the metric chase camera. film with width designated in during his entire tenure in Congress. system, the United States ls one of the few mllllmeters. The Dennis Amendment was defeated by remaining nations that measures objects in . Sporting enthusiasts have long been ac­ a rather narrow ma.rgln-206 to 160. Perhaps, feet, quarts, and pounds rather than meters, customed to thinking in meters. As Ameri­ if the 6& members who were either absent or liters and kllograms. Our system has not cans hailed Mark Spitz for his feat of cap­ refusing to commit had been there and vot­ only become out-dated, but the metric sys- turing seven gold medals at the Munich ing, it W\lU'd have been another story. It t..p­ te'm ls easier to learn since all measurements Olympics, they also realized the swimming pea.red, howev~r. that the House was not yet are interrelated. Currently, Brltaln ls in the races he won were measured in meters. Skiers prepared to take thos~ "two steps backward" middle of a twelve-year program to discard use skis with lengths of 180 or 195 cm. to undo l:iOme of the injustices of OSHA the "English" system founded by their early Spectators at Cincinnati's new stadium are Those Congressmen from Texas voting for monarch. As soon as Congress takes expected being taught to think meters as the key the Dennis Amendment (and against OSHA) action on a recent Department of Commerce dimensions of the playing field are expressed were: Jim Collins, Ray Roberts, Earle Cs.bell, recommendation, the United States will in meters, as well as feet. The Reds' baseball Jake Pickle, Bob Price and O.C. Fisher. Those probably follow suit. club now tells the fans that the distance voting a.gs.inst the measure were: Bob Eck­ In August of 1972, the Senate passed a from home plate to the centerfleld wall is hardt, Jack Brooks, James Wright, Graham metric bill but the House did not act on it. 123.13 meters (404 feet). Purcell, John Young, Eligio de la Garza, This year the House has a. total of fourteen A variety of industrial products such as Richard White, George Ma.hon, Henry Gon­ metric bllls, submitted by fifty Represents.- spark plug threads and ball bearings, have zalez and Robert Casey. Fence-sitters were tives. It ls thought that a blll Will be re- always been metric. A common consumer Texas Congroosmen Wright Patman, John ported out of subcommittee this fall. Accord- product whooe length ls measured in mllll­ D:>wdy, Olin Teague, Wllllam Poage and lng to Louis E. Barbrow, coordinator of meters is cigarettes. Regular length is sev­ Abraham Kazen. metrtc activities in the National Bureau of enty" millimeters, while the longest cigaretes And speaking o! · hitting OSHA in the Standards, the b1ll 1s expected to provide that are one-hundred millimeters 1n length. pocketbook, one of the best targets in the the President name · a metric conversion As the country slowly adopts . the -metric :financial area is the powerful Appropria­ board representing all sectors of society. The s y stem, Americans will buy more and more tions CoDlllllttee, ·chaired. by George Mahon, b:>ard W?uld then devise a changeover plan products by metric unit: a. liter . of mllk, who represents the 19th Congressional Dis­ fer the United State$. If the plan were ap- thirt y-five square meters of carpet or thirty trict of Texas. Ma.hon ls also chairman of the 39804 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 5, 1973- Joint Senate-House Committee on Reduction The conservative exceptions on the com­ One of the leading questions of manage­ o/ Federal Expenditures, a · very Important mittee are Earl Landgrebe of Indiana and ment, according to the August 1, 1973 OSHA committee to one who realizes Just what John Ashbrook of Ohio. Report, concerns methods of relief from such OSHA ls costing us taxpayers. Taxpayers' money ls now being spent by police state tactics as those presently being Congressman Ma.hon has had virtually no the mllllons to finance an educational pro- · used by OSHA inspectors. opposition in his Congres.sional district over gram on OSHA which will further d1 vide The skillful answer given in OSHA Report the years-but something stands out in that labor a.nd management. In one pamphlet, is as follows: "There are plenty of bills in the di.strict. In 1968, there were 67,763 people who published by the OSHA bureaucrats, entitled hopper designed to ease the burden of the voted Republican for President; 31,760 who "Recordkeeping Requirements," the em­ employers, but chances of passage appear voted American, and only 41,821 who voted ployee ls advised: "Any employee who be· slim." Democrat. So it would appear at a glance Ueves that he has been discharged or other­ OSHA Report further suggests that the that Mahon's district ls a synthesis of con­ wise discriminated against in violation ot bunsinessman contact his local OSHA area. servative Republicans and Jeffersonian this provision (against harassment because office, which "has expert personnel who can Demoora.ts who would believe that the best of filing a complaint or testifying against provide authoritative answers." government is the one which governs (con­ an employer) may, within 30 days of such The psychology used here ls that there trols) least. illegal action, file a complaint with the is absolutely no use fighting the law; there­ Also, there are 33 Democrats and 22 Re­ Secretary of Labor. The Secretary of Labor fore, when one complies, he can best do so publicans on the Joint Senate-House Com­ is authorized to investigate the matter and by subscribing to OSHA Report. mittee on Reductlbn of Federal Expendi· to bring action in the U.S. district court for However, it doesn't seem that the Ameri­ tures, which controls the pursestrtngs of appropriate relief, including rehiring or re­ can businessmen see it that way. And at least Congress. Every measure that involves that instatement of the employee to his former 18 of the 23 members of the Texas Congres­ long green stuff with the short life, must be job with back pay." sional delegation in Washington do not see dealt with by the House Appropriations Com­ There is a.n example here in the state of it that way, either. mittee. Texas of this pamphlet's effect on business. Business Week of May 26, 1973, reports that Although the House has been unwilling to In a warehouse of one of the largest busi­ because of OSHA, American business spent take the full "two steps backward. Paul nesses in America, an employee manifested more than $2,500,000,000 in 1972; and that Findley (R-Ill.) introduced an amendment rank insubordination to a supervisor-a sit­ American business "intends to spend $3.2 bil­ to exempt from the control of OSHA those uation that could have resulted in a com­ lion this year to improve health and safety businesses with fewer than 25 employees. plete breakdown of order ha.d the insuo0r· conditions for its workers. This would be Again the vote was comparatively close­ dinatlon been condoned. In this particular a wallo:!)ing 26% increase over such spend­ but the "ayes" had it, 213 to 154. instance, the employee threatened to call ing in 1972." Again among the fence-sitters in the Texas OSHA officials because a. caraboard box was It appears that a.n observation made by the delegation were Wright Patman, John Dowdy temporarily blocking an aisle; however, the chairmim of the House Select Committee on and William Poage. Voting for the amend­ supervisor was a man of stature-both i::,hy­ Small Business to Congressman Steiger ment were: Jim Collins, Ray Roberts, Earle slcally and morally-and was able to solve (House father of the OSHA legislation) wa.s Cabell, Olin Teague, Bill Archer, Jack the problem with little trouble. quite correct: "Some people say, Mr. Steiger, Brooks, Jake Pickle, James Wright, Graham Unfortunately, this type of problem ls net that in toilets is the only place where we Purcell, John Young, Ellglo de la Garza, isolated; businessmen all over the nation are know what we are doing." Richard White, Omar Burleson, Bob Price, reporting similar incidents. OSHA has be·· George Mahon, O. C. Fisher, Robert Casey come a device promoting not safety, but dis­ and Abra.ham Kazen. Voting against the harmony, and class warfare between em­ Findley Amendment were Bob Eckhardt and ployer and employee. THE WAY IT LOOKS TO ME Henry Gonzalez. And what else are the taxpayers' dollars A majority of the members of the House buying these days? Free 60-second television Appropriations Committee were in favor of commerclals--appearing 1n prime time-­ this amendment. • praising OSHA, and advising employees on HON. HERMAN T. SCHNEEBELI These examples prove that when the con­ procedures for reporting their employers for OF PENNSYLVANIA stituency sends its opinions to Washington, non-compliance with OSHA regulations. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their Congressmen act on them. A Job Safety & Health magazine ls now Let's examine the original vote on OSHA. being published monthly, with multi-colored Wednesday, December 5, 1973 Ten Texans voted among those members of covers and coated stock, franked free to all Mr. SCHNEEBELI. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Congress. on December 17, 1970 to bring recipients. Perhaps the businessmen of Paul Coffman, editor of the Star-Senti­ about this monstrosity. However, on June 15, America cannot afford to pubiish such pro­ 1972, 18 Texas Representatives-conceding fessional magazines to promote their own nel Newspapers of suburban Chicago, on that the American businessmen were not businesses; however, their taxes are putting November 15 wrote an excellent editorial ready for the totalitarian state-voted out this magazine at a cost of approximately that reflects the thoughts of so many against OSHA. Eight of these 18 had com­ $22,600 per month. Members of the House. Under the title pletely reversed their original positions. And what ls in the magazine? The Janu­ ''Good Man To Call It Quits!" The edi­ There is one "tall Texan" in Congress of ary, 1973 issue contained an article entitled torial notes that our colleague HAROLD whom we all can be proud-and that ls 0. C. "Work Without Fear," written by the asso­ COLLIER announced his decision not to Fisher. It is he who is leading the fight ciate editor, citing the "growing activism" seek reelection after nine terms of serv­ against OSHA in the House of Representa­ in job safety and health. James Weeks, from tives. It is he who has rendered valuable the Urban Affairs Cente1 at West Virginia ice. Mr. Coffman states that COLLIER'S assistance to counsel McNeill Stokes, pro­ State College, ls pictured instructing union presence as our representative in national viding the forum for him before the Com­ members on the vlles of hazardous sub­ matters will be sorely missed by his con­ mittee on Small Business, and helping him stances on construction jobs. stituents and he has represented all of as he moved the OSHA battle to the federal On page 21 of that same issue, Robert D. the residents of his district in a non­ courts. The results of these court battles will Moran, chairman of the OSHA Review Com­ partisan manner. be reported in future columns. mission, states that Congress should take Since HAROLD and I have worked side It's heartening to note a Democrat in action to "1) change our name to the United Washington who still follows the path of an States Court of ·occupational Safety and by side for several years in committee earlier Democrat-Thomas Jefferson. ·Health; and 2) transfer us from the Execu­ work I certainly can enthusiastically and Sadly enough, however, even with the· ·tive branch to the Judicial branch." That's strongly endorse these appropriate re­ opinion reversals in the Texas delegation, the all this nation needs, is a. Supreme Court of marks about HAROLD'S great service, Findley Amendment fell by the wayside OSHA, with Robert Moran presiding. not only to his constituents, but also in when President Nixon vetoed the legisla­ Those who administer OSHA have become behalf of all our country's citizens. tion to which it was attached. However, Con­ widespread and firmly entrenched over the HAROLD has been an effective advocate gressman Fisher has introduced another past few months. There a.re now 10 regional piece of legislation similar to Findley's offices, 49 area offices, 2 district offices and 14 ·and hard worker for his ideals, balanced amendment, which may fare better. field stations. In 1970, there were 970 em­ by his keen, good judgment. We shall Perhaps the best legislation introduced so ployees, at a total expenditure of $15,200,000; miss him very much, as a friend and as far to combat OSHA ls that by freshman this year, there are 1,708 employees, at a total an etrective legislator and leader. Congressman Steve Symms of Idaho-which expenditure of $36,456,000. By June 30, 1974, Mr. Coffman's complete editorial would repeal the act in its entirety. the OSHA administrators will be filling 1,844 follows: $67,500,- And what are the chances of any legislation positions and costing the taxpayers GOOD MAN To CALL IT QUITS! 000. to either repeal or change the Occupational (By Paul D. Coffman, Editor) Safety & Health Act of 1970? Unless that Others are making money on OSHA, too. legislation is introduced as an amendment There is a new publication, entitled OSHA Congressma.n Harold R. Collie..- of the Sixth on the floor of the House, it is practically Report, published by Lawrence Stessin as a District of Illinois has announcect that he doomed to failure because of the extremely subsidiary publication of Man & Manager, wlll not seek reelection to the office of U.S. liberal orientation of the members of the Inc., which is geared to teach the business­ Representative in 1974. Congressman Collier House Education and Labor Committee­ men how best to comply with the myriad will have ·completed nine two-year terms in which has jurisdiction over such legislation. OSHA regulations. the house upon his retirement. December 6, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 39805 In my opinion, Congressman Collier ha.s :Mr. Speaker, the purpose of my com­ from throughout the State are invited to performed yeoman service on behalf of the ment today is to recognize Sister Celestia d·nner in recognition of their community residents of our West Suburban area and for what she is and has done for the city service. This year, Mr. Speaker, almost his presence as our representative in national of Albuquerque and the State of New 500 law enforcement officers and c.>m­ matters wlll be sorely m.Issed by his con­ Mexico. If Sister were in this Chamber munity and civil leaders attended this stituents. Although a lifelong Republican, Congress­ today she would be -embarrassed. Her party. man Collier ha.s represented all of the resi­ modesty does not allow for personal Other work in which she participated dents of his district in a non-partisan man­ tribute. In fact, she is the type woman since coming to Albuque:::-que is service n13r and has always ma.de himself availa.ble who thanks God every day for the op­ as treasurer, vice president and president a.t all times to discuss legislation and even portunity to serve. of the New Mexico Hospital Association, personal problems of those whom he repre­ Despite that, Sister Celestia recently presictent of the New Mexico Hospital sents. learned that she is being included in the · Congressman Collier has stated that "shuf­ Association, president of the Albuquerque fling back and forth between Washington 1974 issue of "The World's Who's Who of Area Health Council, and treasurer of and Illinois for eighteen years" ha.s been a women." the Mid-Rio Grande Health Planning long time, and we thoroughly agree with him. Other listings for this dynamic woman Council. We do feel, however, that the sacrifices he include: Sister Celestia is a member of the has ma.de on our behalf should be rewarding First. "Who's Who of American American College of Hospital Adminis­ to such a dedicated man. Women." trators, the American Hospital Associa­ The congressman has stated that he would tion, the National Catholic Hospital As­ like to spend his remaining active years in · Second. "Two Thousand Women of the private, rather than the public sector, Achievement." sociation, and was twice a delegate to and we wish·him well in whatever pursuit he - Third.·"Who's Who in the West." the Western Hospitals Association. wishes to follow. Fourth. "Dictionary of International She is currently on the hospital ad­ To those of us in the print media, who Biography." mission precertiflcation program com:­ have grown to know Congressman Collier over · Sister Celestia also has been cited for mittee of the New Mexico Foundation the years, we have found him to be one of outstanding service by the National Fed­ for Medical Care and also serves on its the most cooperative persons we have medicaid systems management commit­ chanced to meet in public life. No matter bow eration of Business and Professional busy be might be, be bas always been willing Women, the Heights Optimist of Albu­ tee. She has served on the New Mexico to take the time to discuss government mat• querque, and the Albuquerque Chamber users committee of the Los Alamos Sci­ ters which have been of importance to bis of Commerce. entific Laboratories, as chairman of the constituents. Just this past spring she was pre­ unemployment compensation committee I would like to personally thank Congress­ sented a plaque by New Mexico's law en­ for the New Mexico Hospital Association, man Collier for bis eighteen yea.rs of public forcement officers in recognition of her and is also serving as the assistant service and feel that I am reflecting the diocesan coordinator for hospitals. thoughts of·tbe thousands of citizens in the dedication to the needs of man. Sixth District who have returned him to of­ When she was assigne1 to Albuquer­ Other working memberships held by fice for 9 consecutive terms. Finding a re­ que, Mr. Speaker, Sister Celestia was Sister Celestia include the Albuquerque placement for such a devoted ma.n will take given an antiquated, three-story, 120-bed Chamber of Commerce, the Denver Pro­ quite a bit of doing. hospital to administer. Plans were being vential Council of the Sisters of Char­ worked on to build a new hospital for ity, charter member of the New Mexico our rapidly growing dty. But from the Right to Life Committee, and the City day of her arrival she became involved of Albuquerque New Technologies Task SALUTE TO SISTER CELESTIA in every aspect of planning and construc­ Force. tion of that project. . Most recently she was named 1 of the Not quite 4 years after her arrival, in 10 persons in the Nation to serve on an HON.- MANUEL LUJAN, JR. October 1968, the doors to an $11 million, American Hospital Association Special OF NEW MEXICO 10-story, 200-bed hospital opened. To­ Committee on Financing of Comprehen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES day St. Joseph Hospital is a $14 mil­ sive Health Care Delivery Organization and is an author on the subject of health Wednesday, December 5, 1973 iion facility with a 320-bed capacity. Last year St. Joseph served 12,100 in­ maintenance organizations published in Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker, it is often patients and provided 68,900 doys of pa­ Hospital Progress. said that .behind a good man is a good Last year Sister was the subject of an woman. New Mexico has many good men tient care. indepth interview on the front page of with very good women behind them. Sister Celestia was the driving commu­ the National Observer and at this time One such woman is Sister Celestia, a nity force to have the city of Albuquerque is a committee member inspecting com­ member of the Sisters of Charity of Cin­ open narcotic and alcoholic treatment prehensive health care delivery installa­ cinnati. This outstanding woman serves centers in the old hospital for the great tions throughout the Nation and will de­ behind no one. Indeed, she is a leader. sum of $1 a ye&r. Tht'se treatm-ent cen­ to ters are considereC: among the best of liver a report the American Hospital Sister Celestia is ttdministrator of St. Association to be used as a guideline f 01· Joseph Hospital in Albuquerque. There their kind in the Nation. . health maintenance organizations. can be few persons with more love for In addition to overseeing an operation Mr. Speaker, 1 · am most proud and God and fellow man. Sister Celestia has of such magnitude, let me cite some of happy · to include a woman of such been a member of our community since the other community projects she· has achievement, dedication and love for God 1964. participated in since coming to Albu­ and man as Sister Celestia. I am indeed But in that time she has compiled a querque. a lucky. man to have such a friend at record of accomplishment which will cer­ In 1970 she instituted the "Police Ap­ work in. my home State and one of my tainly be most difficult to top. preciation Day" in which police officers 9onstituents. · ·

HOUSE OF ~EPRESENTATIVES-Thursday, December 6, 1973 The House met at 10 o'clock a.m. make our Nation a true democracy. Re­ lie ahead. In Thee may he find the spirit The Chaplain, Rev.- Edward G. Latch, mind us once again that Thou art GOd, to get along well with others and yet be D.D., offered the following prayer: that Thou art with us strengthening us true to his own faith and to the genuine Be strong in the Lord and in the power and guiding us, and that though the ideals of his great office. of His might.-Ephesians 6: 10. wrong seems oft so strong, Thou art the Enable him and all of us to play our God of our fathers, give to us here Ruler yet. part fully and faithfully doing always assembled a growing appreciation of our Lay Thy hand 1n blessing upon him American heritage and a glowing re- who shall be the Vice President of our what is right and leaving the results to membrance of the great personalities in country. Grant unto him wisdom, cour­ Thee who brlngest all good things to pass. our past who have lived and labored to · age, and strength for the experiences that In Thy holy name we pray. Amen.