DOCSLIB.ORG

A Tour Through North America; Together with a Comprehensive View of the Canadas and United States, As Adapted for Agricultural Emigration

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Tour Through North America; Together with a Comprehensive View of the Canadas and United States, As Adapted for Agricultural Emigration Library of Congress A tour through North America; together with a comprehensive view of the Canadas and United States, as adapted for agricultural emigration. A TOUR THROUGH NORTH AMERICA; TOGETHER WITH A COMPREHENSIVE VIEW OF THE CANADAS AND UNITED STATES. AS ADAPTED FOR AGRICULTURAL EMIGRATION. BY PATRICK SHIRREFF, FARMER, MUNGOSWELLS, EAST LOTHIAN. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CITY OF WASHINGTON EDINBURGH: PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE AND COMPANY, PAUL'S WORK, CANONGATE. PUBLISHED BY OLIVER AND BOYD, EDINBURGH; SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO., LONDON; DAVID ROBERTSON, GLASGOW; AND WILLIAM CURRY, JUN. AND CO., DUBLIN. 1835. msu E165 S55 TO MR JOHN DEANS, PENSTON, EAST LOTHIAN. My dear Deans, I dedicate the following tour to you, who had an opportunity of judging of many of the scenes and occurrences which I have described. Your candour and honesty have A tour through North America; together with a comprehensive view of the Canadas and United States, as adapted for agricultural emigration. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.27889 Library of Congress long been known to me, and I hope the sentiments and the feelings expressed in the succeeding pages, will be found to accord with your own character. It has been said that I was appointed by a party of East Lothian farmers to visit and report on the Canadas and the United States; but nothing could be more unfounded. A younger brother having expressed a wish to try his fortune as an American farmer, I resolved to explore the country for the purpose of enabling me to give an opinion on the step which he contemplated. With this single object in view, my Transatlantic excursion was originally planned, and ii afterwards performed, unfettered and unassisted by any party whatever. Having been led to travel from a sense of fraternal duty, I would have willingly remained satisfied with simply accomplishing the object of my journey, being aware how recently some individuals of the highest attainments had published works on America, and how ill qualified I am, in some respects, to convey an accurate impression of a country and people so interesting. But the solicitations of friends induced me to give my opinions to the public, and the result will, perhaps, prove their partiality to have been greater than their discernment. Having passed much of my time apart from fashion and politics, the position which I occupied in the world may not have been favourable to an impartial view of all which came under my notice. My acquaintance with agriculture enabled me, however, to judge of American farming without relying on the opinions of others, and, while listening patiently to much which was told me, I drew conclusions only from what I saw. In measuring the advantages of the different parts of the country by the standards of nature, and the reward of agricultural industry by produce, I hope to have departed from custom without having been led into error. Nature is the most general and invariable of agricultural tests. iii A tour through North America; together with a comprehensive view of the Canadas and United States, as adapted for agricultural emigration. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.27889 Library of Congress Want of information is a complaint which has been brought against treatises on emigration, and the charge in all probability arises from diversity of human character; one mind being incapable of furnishing all requisite information to another, without previously knowing what is required. The first part of this publication is intended to show the opportunities which I had of seeing the country, and the second part to aid in forming an opinion of the different places of settlement. I have aimed only to impress the understanding of the reader, and should any of my representations and conclusions be found to differ from reality, I shall regret having written a word on the subject. The common currency of the United States and the Canadas consists of dollars, expressed by the character $, and worth about four shillings and threepence sterling. The dollar is divided into one hundred cents, of about the value of a British halfpenny each. In the State of New York and Upper Canada the dollar is divided into eight shillings, or sixteen sixpences currency. In Lower Canada the dollar consists of five shillings currency. The dollar of Illinois is divided as in the State of New York, but the shilling is often called a “ bit ” and the sixpence a “ piccayune. ” I was not aware of any circumstance which could possibly influence my judgment in favour of one portion of America more than another, until I heard that my brother Charles had fixed on Illinois as his place iv of residence. Like myself, he had seen Upper Canada before visiting Illinois, and his preference of the latter district may be regarded by some individuals as corroborative of the opinions which I have expressed, and by others as the cause of my partiality. But since an inducement to praise Illinois may exist, my statements regarding it ought to be carefully examined. Being a farmer in the strictest sense of the word, and having written the volume at intervals snatched from professional duties, I make no pretensions to correctness, much less to elegance of composition. My only aim has been to state plainly and freely what appeared to be truth, and I trust this will be received as an apology for any inaccuracies of style A tour through North America; together with a comprehensive view of the Canadas and United States, as adapted for agricultural emigration. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.27889 Library of Congress which may be discovered, and for such dogmatical and homespun expressions as may be considered inconsistent with good taste. PATRICK SHIRREFF. Mungoswells, 10 th January , 1835. CONTENTS. TOUR IN NORTH AMERICA. PAGE Chap. I.—Journey to Liverpool—Lady and Child—Dine at Lancaster—Impostors at Manchester—Railway—Lateness of the season—Desecration of the Sabbath— Agricultural details—Napoleon packet-ship—Cemetery—Mr Huskisson, 1 Chap. II.—Voyage from Liverpool to New York—Sea-sickness—Crew—Passengers— Details—Approach to New York—Washington Hotel, 5 Chap. III.—Theatre—Mrs Trollope's Work—Custom-house Officer—Race-course—Details —Westhouses Breeding Stud—Thunder-storm—Return to the Hotel—Excursion to Long Island—New-town—Flushing—Agriculture in the Neighbourhood of New York, 9 Chap. IV.—Journey from New York to Philadelphia—Steam-boat—Railway Coach—Militia Muster—American and British soldiers—Characters of Travellers—Mansion-house Hotel —Funeral—Excursion to Holmsburg—Hotel-keepers in America and Ireland—Mr W * *— Mr F * *—Sir John Sinclair of America—Fair Mount—Naval Yard—Philadelphia—Return to New York—Face of the Country—Agricultural Details, 17 Chap. V.—New York—Damask hair-cloth manufactory—Dr H * * *, President Jackson, and Black Hawk—Hyde Park—Residences in America and Britain—Taste for Flowers A tour through North America; together with a comprehensive view of the Canadas and United States, as adapted for agricultural emigration. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.27889 Library of Congress —Cattle and Sheep—Scenery of the Hudson and Clyde—Fast Eating—Albany—Coach Passengers—Women working in Fields, 27 Chap. VI.—Journey from Albany to Boston—New Lebanon—Pittsfield—Road Repairing— The Features of the Country—Rhododendrons—Northampton—Mr Stuart's Description of Northampton—Stage Passengers—Mode of Courtship—Villages—Agricultural Notices, 36 Chap. VII.—Journey from Boston to Lowell—Lynn—Salem—Newburghport—Female waiters, or helps—Agricultural Notices—Stage passengers—Lowell—Manufacturing Females—American and British manufacturers—House building—Benevolent Societies— Water Power—Manufacturing power of Britain and the United States—Notices of Nature, 42 ii Chap. VIII.—Journey from Lowell to Saratoga—Keene—Bellows Falls—Townsend— Arlington—Driver at Table—Landlord and Driver—Passage of the Green Mountains— Stage Coach practices of America and Britain—Passengers and Travellers—Juvenile politeness—Agricultural Notices—New England Villages—Free School Education unfairly estimated by British travellers—Education of Scotland and the United States—Public Schools—Fagging in the Seminaries of Britain—Principles of Education, 48 Chap. IX.—Company at Saratoga—Fast Eating—Notices of Buel Farm—Mr Buel—New York—State Agricultural Society—Advantages of a young country—Farmers of Britain and the States—British Agricultural Societies, 57 Chap. X.—Journey to Geneva—Schenectady—Question Asking—Stage Driver—Valley of Mohawk—Agricultural Duties—Utica—Attention to Females—Marcellus—Skeneatiles— Cayuga Bridge—Dinner Party—Dumfries-shire Farmer—Sheep Husbandry—Condition of Animals—Farms—Geneva 74 A tour through North America; together with a comprehensive view of the Canadas and United States, as adapted for agricultural emigration. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.27889 Library of Congress Chap. XI.—Journey from Geneva to Lewistown—Land offered for Sale—Canandaigua —Genesee Country—Variations of temperature—Agricultural Notices—American and Scotch notions of Reverted Wheat—Genesee Flats—Mr Wadesworth—Avon—Wood Bridges—Girdling Trees—Falls of the Genesee—Rochester—Ridge Road—Face of the Country, 81 Chap. XII.—Niagara River and Falls—Carving—Entrance to Canada—Cavern beneath the Falls—Rapids—City Building—Stage Passenger—General Brook's Monurnent— Letters—Maps—Queenstown and Niagara—Agricultural Notices—King—Old Settlers— Disappointment with Canada, 88 Chap. XIII.—Baffled in reaching the Western States—Buffalo—4th of July—Oneida Indians—Fort Erie—Early Marriages—David Baxter—Petersburgh—Separate
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Just This Is It: Dongshan and the Practice of Suchness / Taigen Dan Leighton
    “What a delight to have this thorough, wise, and deep work on the teaching of Zen Master Dongshan from the pen of Taigen Dan Leighton! As always, he relates his discussion of traditional Zen materials to contemporary social, ecological, and political issues, bringing up, among many others, Jack London, Lewis Carroll, echinoderms, and, of course, his beloved Bob Dylan. This is a must-have book for all serious students of Zen. It is an education in itself.” —Norman Fischer, author of Training in Compassion: Zen Teachings on the Practice of Lojong “A masterful exposition of the life and teachings of Chinese Chan master Dongshan, the ninth century founder of the Caodong school, later transmitted by Dōgen to Japan as the Sōtō sect. Leighton carefully examines in ways that are true to the traditional sources yet have a distinctively contemporary flavor a variety of material attributed to Dongshan. Leighton is masterful in weaving together specific approaches evoked through stories about and sayings by Dongshan to create a powerful and inspiring religious vision that is useful for students and researchers as well as practitioners of Zen. Through his thoughtful reflections, Leighton brings to light the panoramic approach to kōans characteristic of this lineage, including the works of Dōgen. This book also serves as a significant contribution to Dōgen studies, brilliantly explicating his views throughout.” —Steven Heine, author of Did Dōgen Go to China? What He Wrote and When He Wrote It “In his wonderful new book, Just This Is It, Buddhist scholar and teacher Taigen Dan Leighton launches a fresh inquiry into the Zen teachings of Dongshan, drawing new relevance from these ancient tales.
    [Show full text]
  • Biographical Memoirs of Saint John Bosco
    The Biographical Memoirs of Saint John Bosco by REV. EUGENIO CERIA, S.D.B. AN AMERICAN EDITION TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN REV. DIEGO BORGATELLO, S.D.B. Editor-in-chief Volume XII 1876 SALESIANA PUBLISHERS NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK 1980 • IMPRIMI POTEST: Very Rev. Dominic DeBlase, S.D.B. Provincial New Rochelle, N.Y., March 25, 1980 Feast of the Annunciation of the Lord Copyright © 1980 by the Salesian Society, Inc. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 65-3104rev All Rights Reserved Manufactured in the United States of America FIRST EDITION WITH PROFOUND GRATITUDE TO THE LATE, LAMENTED, AND HIGHLY ESTEEMED VERY REVEREND FELIX J. PENNA, S.D.B. (1904-1962) TO WHOSE WISDOM, FORESIGHT, AND NOBLE SALESIAN HEART THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS OF SAINT JOHN BOSCO IS A LASTING MONUMENT This Volume Is Fondly Dedicated to THE VERY REVEREND EGIDIO VIGANo Rector Major of the Salesian Society Who By Word, Deed and Spirited Leadership Has Redirected the Salesian Family to Don Bosco's Ideals of Christian Education Expressed in His System of Reason, Religion, and Kindness Editor's Preface SAINT JOHN BOSCO, the central figure of this vastly extensive biography, was a towering person in the affairs of both Church and State during the critical 19th century in Italy. He was the founder of two very active religious congregations during a time when other orders were being suppressed; he was a trusted and key liaison between the Papacy and the emerging Italian nation of the Risorgimento; above all, in troubled times, he was the saintly Christian educator who successfully wedded modern pedagogy to Christ's law and Christ's love for the poor young, and thereby deserved the proud title of Apostle of youth.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Lyric Forms of the Literati Mind: Yosa Buson, Ema Saikō, Masaoka Shiki and Natsume Sōseki Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97g9d23n Author Mewhinney, Matthew Stanhope Publication Date 2018 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The Lyric Forms of the Literati Mind: Yosa Buson, Ema Saikō, Masaoka Shiki and Natsume Sōseki By Matthew Stanhope Mewhinney A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Japanese Language in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Alan Tansman, Chair Professor H. Mack Horton Professor Daniel C. O’Neill Professor Anne-Lise François Summer 2018 © 2018 Matthew Stanhope Mewhinney All Rights Reserved Abstract The Lyric Forms of the Literati Mind: Yosa Buson, Ema Saikō, Masaoka Shiki and Natsume Sōseki by Matthew Stanhope Mewhinney Doctor of Philosophy in Japanese Language University of California, Berkeley Professor Alan Tansman, Chair This dissertation examines the transformation of lyric thinking in Japanese literati (bunjin) culture from the eighteenth century to the early twentieth century. I examine four poet- painters associated with the Japanese literati tradition in the Edo (1603-1867) and Meiji (1867- 1912) periods: Yosa Buson (1716-83), Ema Saikō (1787-1861), Masaoka Shiki (1867-1902) and Natsume Sōseki (1867-1916). Each artist fashions a lyric subjectivity constituted by the kinds of blending found in literati painting and poetry. I argue that each artist’s thoughts and feelings emerge in the tensions generated in the process of blending forms, genres, and the ideas (aesthetic, philosophical, social, cultural, and historical) that they carry with them.
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanisms of Resistance to Pests and Pathogens
    MECHANISMSMECHANISMS OFOF RESISTANCERESISTANCE TOTO PESTSPESTS ANDAND PATHOGENSPATHOGENS Moderator: Kimberly Wallin Tree Breeding for Pest Resistance for the Next 50 years: the search for cross resistance? Alvin Yanchuk A long history pest and disease resistance research in forestry…. 1966 1992 20082008 FAOFAO surveysurvey ofof thethe literatureliterature toto documentdocument statusstatus // impactimpact ofof treetree improvementimprovement programmesprogrammes addressingaddressing diseasedisease andand pestpest resistanceresistance 2003 1996 1953 Disease resistance breeding • western white and sugar pines – blister rust resistance • USDA For Serv (Moscow, ID; Doreena, OR; IFG, CA) • BC MoFR and Canadian Forest Service • loblolly and slash pines – fusiform rust resistance • NCSU / U. Florida / WGTIP • radiata pine – Dothistroma (RPBC-FRI (Scion)) • poplars – e.g., Greenwood / many European countries) –Melampspora, Septoria, Venturia • chestnut Insect resistance breeding Improvement Programs • spruces – white pine weevil (B.C.) – aphids (DK,UK) • poplar – long-horned beetle, stem borers (China, US) – leaf beetles Research / Screening Programs • >> leaf beetles – poplars, ‘Eucs’ • >> mammals- ‘Eucs’, redcedar • >> adelgids in spruce • >> birch borer / ash borer • >> bark beetles (lodgepole pine) • >> many others!! Tree Improvement and Breeding Programmes for Pest and Disease Resistance…..summary • ~ 260 resistance ‘research programmes’ identified • ~ 20 programmes are ‘using’ or have identified resistance materials • only 4-5 major commercial
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Bibliography of the Hessian Fly Phytophaga Destructor (Say)
    .■;'TrKA"??^ =V=^TWKî^ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Miscellaneous Publication No. 198 WASHINGTON, D.C. ISSUED SEPTEMBER 1934 i.4^« J7 AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HESSIAN FLY PHYTOPHAGA DESTRUCTOR (SAY) BY J. S. WADE Associate Entomologist Division of Cereal and Forage Insects Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. Price 10 cents *42 :^^n9fíH UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Miscellaneous Publication No. 198 Washington, D.C. September 1934 AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HESSIAN FLY, PHYTOPHAGA DESTRUCTOR (SAY) By J. S". WADE, associate entomologistf Division of Cereal and Forage Insects, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine INTRODUCTION It is the purpose of this publication to present in a form as condensed as is feasible an annotated bibliography of the hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor (Say), with special reference to the literature relating to the insect within its areas of distribution in North America north of Mexico, to June 30, 1933. The outstanding importance of this insect as a crop pest and the almost incalculable damage it has wrought to American farmers since it gained entry into the United States indicate that it will continue to be a subject of great interest and study, and the value of a bibliography to future investigators is obvious. This bibliography presents results of some 18 years of collection by the compiler in a number of the larger public libraries in the eastern part of the United States. The assembling and much of the work, however, has been done at Washington where, through the facilities of departmental and other libraries, such studies can be prosecuted with a fullness and completeness not elsewhere possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Columbia Poetry Review Publications
    Columbia College Chicago Digital Commons @ Columbia College Chicago Columbia Poetry Review Publications Spring 4-1-2002 Columbia Poetry Review Columbia College Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colum.edu/cpr Part of the Poetry Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. Recommended Citation Columbia College Chicago, "Columbia Poetry Review" (2002). Columbia Poetry Review. 15. https://digitalcommons.colum.edu/cpr/15 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at Digital Commons @ Columbia College Chicago. It has been accepted for inclusion in Columbia Poetry Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Columbia College Chicago. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COLUMBIA poetry review 1 3 > no. 15 $6.00 USA $9.00 CANADA o 74470 82069 7 COLUMBIA POETRY REVIEW Columbia College Chicago Spring 2002 Columbia Poetry Review is published in the spring of each year by the English Department of Columbia College, 600 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60605. Submissions are encouraged and should be sent to the above address from August 15 to January 1. Subscriptions and sample copies are available at $6.oo an issue in the U.S.; $9.00 in Canada and elsewhere. The magazine is edited by students in the un­ dergraduate poetry program and distributed in the United States and Canada by Ingram Periodicals. Copyright (c) 2002 by Columbia College. ISBN: 0-932026-59-1 Grateful acknowledgment is made to Garnett Kilberg-Cohen, Chair of the English Department; Dr. Cheryl Johnson-Odim, Dean of Liberal Arts and Sciences; Steven Kapelke, Provost; and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Danish Field Trials 2000-2018
    DANISH FIELD TRIALS 2000-18 AARHUS 11TH NORBARAG MICHAEL KRISTENSEN UNIVERSITY 7 MARCH 2019 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF AGROECOLOGY DANISH FIELD TRIALS 2000-2018 Focus is on general trends in the use of insecticides on major crops: yield, pests, trials, ”major pest events”. Not a statistical meta-analysis, but a subjective reading based on the questions: a) is it worthwhile using insecticides? b) is there emerging resistance? AARHUS 11TH NORBARAG MICHAEL KRISTENSEN UNIVERSITY 7 MARCH 2019 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF AGROECOLOGY WINTER WHEAT (1) ▪ Cereal aphids: Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), English grain aphid (Sitobion avenae), Rose- grain aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum) ▪ Most years weak/moderate aphid infestations in the summer. Three years had heavy, but late infestations. ▪ In autumns 2011, 2014 and 2016, a significant number of grain aphids were found. ▪ The strongest infestation ever was observed in the autmun 2014 and was followed by the strongest attack of barley yellow dwarf virus. ▪ Several years with trials with Karate, Mavrik, Pirimor (reduced doses and treatment threshold): Only increase in yield in cases with high aphid infestation. Percentage infested plants AARHUS 11TH NORBARAG MICHAEL KRISTENSEN Fra Oversigt over Landsforsøge 2018, p. 85. UNIVERSITY 7 MARCH 2019 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF AGROECOLOGY WINTER WHEAT (2) ▪ Pheromon monitoring of wheat fly (Contarinia tritici) and orange wheat blossom midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana): Control experiments gives yield increase when applied early. ▪ Cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus), frit flies (Oscinella frit) and the ground beetle (Zabrus tenebrioides) are occasional pests. ▪ Reports on potential control problems in aphids in 2009. Pontential case of resistance. AARHUS 11TH NORBARAG MICHAEL KRISTENSEN UNIVERSITY 7 MARCH 2019 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF AGROECOLOGY WINTER BARLEY (FROM 2012) & OAT ▪ In autumns 2012-13, 2015, 2017 there were relatively weak infestations of grain aphids in winter barley.
    [Show full text]
  • Importance of Spiders in Agrocenoses
    Importance of spiders in agrocenoses 1 Spiders just as any other natural enemies of harmful organisms and pollinating insects are among important beneficial organisms present on farmlands. They pro- vide an ecosystem service for the agriculture undoubtedly contri- buting to the reduction of harvest losses and greater yields in agri- cultural production. Supporting presence and diversity of spiders is important not only for the envi- ronment, but also for sustainable A spider from the wolf spiders (Lycosidae) family functioning of human-made eco- Photo by A. Król systems. What should you know about spiders? Spiders are a diverse group of predatory animals with a size of several millimetres that inhabit the majority of terrestrial ecosystems and spread easily by air. Spiders are animals belonging to the Arthropoda phylum and form the Arachnida class along with harvestmen, mites, pseudoscorpions and other closely related groups. Spiders can be easily distinguished from other similar animals as their body is composed of two clearly separated segments – cephalothorax (anterior part) and abdomen (posterior part) joined by a pedicel. The cephalothorax bears four pairs of legs and two pairs of appendages ahead of its mouth (chelicerae ended with venomous fangs and pedipalps). The front part of ceph- alothorax bears eyes in numbers of six to eight for our native species. An arrangement of eyes is a useful diag- nostic feature for the identification of spider families. Another im- portant feature that allows us to identify the spiders by species level is the structure of their sexual organs. Marsh wolf-spider (Pardosa palustris) from the wolf spiders family.
    [Show full text]
  • Ohio Llgttieultwrat Expettiment Station
    BUL~ETIN -QF THE- Ohio llgttieultwrat Expettiment Station. VoL. IV, No.5. SECOND SERIES. SEPT. 1, 1891. ARTICLE VIII.-THE WHEAT MIDGE, Diplosis tritici, KIRBY. Wheat 1\fidge-.Diplosis iritici. (a) llfale; (b) female; (a') natural size; (c) wing, greatly en­ larged; (d) antenna! joints of male; (e) ditto, of female; (/) ovipm•itor; (g) eggs, greatly magni· fled: (h) flower of wheat, showing larne on kernel; (i) larva in repose; (j) ditto, crawling; (j') natural size; (k) enlarged view of anterior end when moving; (1) posterior end, with teeth protruding to aid ill motion. (After Fitch.) 100 OHIO EXPERDIE:XT STATIO:X. This depredator is known also as the Red Weevil, on account of the color of the maggots or young, and under this name will be best recognized by farmers, especially those who witnessed its ravages in 1854. Others will readily understand the nature of the pest by its oc· currence in the heads of the wheat, under the chaff, giving these, when very abundant, a reddish appearance somewhat resembling rust. This insect belongs to the order Diptera, or two-winged flies, and to the family Cecidomyidre. In the light of exact knowledge, the original discovery of the species dates back to the year 1795. In the summer of that year, and in the neighborhood of Ipswich, Suffolk, England, Rev. Wm. Kirby, the noted British entomologist, found citron-colored larvre between the corolla and the grain. Indefinite references to what may have been this pest go back to 1741.* The following year, 1796, a farmer of Hertfordshire, detected the larvre attacking the ears of wheat.
    [Show full text]
  • Acknowledgement and Reciprocity With/In Indigenous and Asian Canadian Writing
    In Place/Of Solidarity: Acknowledgement and Reciprocity with/in Indigenous and Asian Canadian Writing by Janey Mei-Jane Lew A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements of for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Sau-ling Wong, Chair Professor Colleen Lye Professor Beth Piatote Professor Shari Huhndorf Summer 2018 © 2018 Janey Mei-Jane Lew All rights reserved 1 ABSTRACT In Place/Of Solidarity: Acknowledgement and Reciprocity win/in Indigenous and Asian Canadian Writing by Janey Mei-Jane Lew Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies University of California, Berkeley Professor Sau-ling Wong, Chair In Place/Of Solidarity argues the exigence of developing Asian Canadian critical praxes that align and move in solidarity with Indigenous sovereignties and radical resurgence movements. In the dissertation, I analyze a body of literary texts by contemporary Indigenous and Asian North American writers whose works contain instances of reciprocal representation. I argue that actions proceeding from and grounded in praxes of acknowledgement and reciprocity constitute openings to solidarity. By enacting Asian Canadian studies explicitly with decolonial solidarities in the foreground, I argue that Asian Canadian studies may not only work in ethical alignment with Indigenous knowledges and methodologies, but may also enliven and reconstitute the solidarities upon which Asian Canadian studies is premised. Bringing Asian Canadian studies into dialogue with scholarly work from Indigenous studies and recent research on Asian settler colonialism within a transnational Asian (North) American context, this dissertation considers reciprocal representations across a number of literary works by Indigenous and Asian Canadian women.
    [Show full text]
  • A Folk Song Cycle
    Syracuse University SURFACE Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects Projects Spring 5-1-2011 New Horizons: A Folk Song Cycle Chris Cresswell Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/honors_capstone Part of the Composition Commons, and the Other Music Commons Recommended Citation Cresswell, Chris, "New Horizons: A Folk Song Cycle" (2011). Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects. 201. https://surface.syr.edu/honors_capstone/201 This Honors Capstone Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract The purpose of the project was to create a piece of music that transcended musical genres and told the story of my coming of age in the first decade of the 21st century. The work featured both original text and original music and culminates in a live performance of the work. I wanted to tell a story. More specifically, I wanted to tell my story. The story of coming of age in the 21st century. I was 11 in the year 2000, I was 21 in 2010. My formative years correlate directly with the formative years of the 21st century. In this time, we’ve seen world first teeming with hope and optimism at the turn of the century. This optimism was quickly overcome by fear in September 2001. Since then we’ve seen a world marred by terrorism, wars, Hurricane Katrina, and other disasters, man-made and otherwise.
    [Show full text]
  • The Authorised Biography of Australia's Pioneering Haiku Writer Janice M Bostok
    White Heron: The Authorised Biography of Australia's Pioneering Haiku Writer Janice M Bostok Sharon Elyse Dean BA (Hons1) School of Humanities Arts, Education and Law Griffith University Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2011 White Heron Abstract The form of this PhD is an authorised biography of Australia’s pioneering haiku writer, Janice M Bostok, titled White Heron. For the purposes of examination, the biography’s Introduction serves as an exegesis. Drawing on material acquired through unrestricted access to the subject and her personal papers, interviews with family and friends, and meticulous research into her prolific literary output, the work employs a double-stranded narrative structure to tell the story of Bostok’s difficult childhood, extraordinary love affairs and groundbreaking creative endeavours. Inquiry into the theory of English-language haiku – a genre of ‘one-breath’ poetry that originated in ancient Japan and is now growing in prominence worldwide – is woven throughout the text. The Introduction is the main repository of material relating to the genesis of the project. It articulates the book’s original contribution to knowledge (White Heron is the first Bostok biography), and contains two prominent lines of inquiry: one haiku-related, and the other associated with biographical theory. Haiku-related concerns include: discussion of a misconception over ‘syllable counting’ commonly associated with English-language haiku; a brief history of haiku and its related forms in Japan; a short analysis of the correspondences between meditation practice and haiku practice; an appraisal of the influence of traditional Japanese poetry on writers connected with the ‘Beat Generation’ (in particular, Jack Kerouac and Gary Snyder) and, in turn, the influences of these writers on Bostok; an examination of an over-valuing of the role of Zen in haiku; and, an assessment of the value of haiku as a ‘literary art’.
    [Show full text]