saved. The people-more than 6000 land­ Cataloochee is an area in the eastern section HISTORY WHERE located - mark the final rest ing places of MOUNTAI PEOPL owners - left the park. Behind them there of the park wh ich once supported a moun tain people. Seasons pass and the in Great Smoky Mountains National Park remained many farm bu ildings, mills and population of 1200 and contained several marks of man disappear under autumn leaves small settlements and some thriving farms. Fl D IT or hide behind spring growth. Discovery ch urches, some of which have since been The historical stru ctures and areas Man has occupied these mountains since Today, only the churches, a school, and a becomes more difficult, but there is still maintained and utilized by the National Park maintained and interpreted by the National prehistoric times, but it is only within the few houses and barns remain. A paved road ev idence of history on the land. Service to interp ret Southern Appalachian Park Service surv ive many others now be ing past cen tury that human activities have leads through part of the valley of culture. This folder is a guide to historical reclaimed by nature throughout the park. profoundly affected the natural course of Cataloochee Creek, but access to the area is areas in the Great Smokies, including those Look closely when you are hiking. Hidden in FOR FURTHER even ts here. When the first white settlers only by a rough, winding unpaved road. where park personnel demonstrate some of the woods are old su nken roadbeds, rai lroad reached the Great Smoky Mountains in the the activities of mountain people in the grades, stone walls, chimneys, and even a INFORMATION late 1700s they found themselves in the land Cades Cove contains more pioneer structures "Living History" program. fe w decaying bui ldings. Growing around Publications about the mountain people are of the Cherokee Indians. The tribe, one of the than any other location in the park. Before A map (reverse) indicates the locations of the cabin sites are some of the flowers and trees sold at the Sugarlands, Gades Cove, and most cu lturally advanced on the continent, the park was established, the area was fo llowing historical areas . .. brought here by settlers who wanted to make Oconaluftee visitor centers. had permanent towns, c ult ivated croplands, extensively cultivated. Today, farm ing is still life a little brighter and more liveable. and networks of trail s leading to all parts of permitted there to help maintain the Pioneer Farmstead at Oconaluftee offers Daffodils, rambling roses, boxwoods, yuccas, Interpretive Programs provide introductions their territory. By the 1830s the Ch erokees historical scene. Pastures, cattle, and hay visitors the opportunity to walk through a walnut and apple trees still survive in the to local history. Schedules of these programs had adopted the ways of the whites to the combine with old buildings and open vistas collection of Southern Appalachian farm remote valleys as living reminders of past are posted on campground and visitor center extent of developing a written language, to give he cove a pleasing rural aspect. generations. Where once there were fields bu lletin boards, and are listed in the park printing their own newspaper, and utilizing buildings where, from May thru October, park Exhibits explain the history of many and gard ens, second-growth forest now newspaper. the white man's agricu lture and architecture. personnel interpret the way of life of earlier structures, se lf-guiding t rails interpret the covers the land, but watch for old trees ­ Nevert he less most of them were forcibly years. Ch ildren will especially en joy seeing natural scene, and park personnel many of them were left for a purpose. Large For your safety removed in the 1830s. The few who remained the farm animals which are allowed to roam demonstrate pioneer activities at the Cable old oaks among youthfu l yellow-poplars or • stay away from millwheels and are the ancestors of the Cherokees living freely within the confines of the farmyard. Mill on a seasonal basis. Deer and turkey are pines may have once shaded a house or mach inery near the park today. A self-guiding booklet , found in the cove and woodchucks barn, or served as a boundary tree. • en joy the farm animals at a distance • stay on t rails ~ available at the farmstead, (groundhogs) are often seen near the road. Cemeteries- about 135 of t hem can still be details the life of mountain • closely control your children farms and explains the uses to wh ich various buildings and tools were put.

hi es beg an settling in these mountains in he late 1700s. At first, living was primitive, but by e 900s there was 11 tie difference be een he moun a n peop e and their con em oraries ing n n .. a areas beyond he moun a ns Ear er se e's had lived off the and b un ng e an ma s. utilizing t he imber for buiid ngs and fences. and growing ood and pas ur g an ma s ,., t e cleari ngs. As the decades passed a 1 areas that had once been ores became ' e ds and pastures. People farmed, a ended c urc , and maintained communi y es in a ypically rural fash ion.

he agricu l ura pa em o e in the Great Smo y ounta ns changed h the arrival of Noah "Bud" Ogle Place, located on e lumber ng in he ear y 900s. Within twenty Cherokee Orchard Road 3 miles sou oi ears, the large• se -su cien t economy of Gatlinburg via the Airport Road. s a yp1ca he people here as a mos rep laced, by pioneer structure. On a self-guiding nature dependence on manu'ac ured items, store- trail through second-growth forest near he bough ood, and cash. A e sa e time , cabin, the story of the pioneers and the loggers were rapidly cutting the great forest is interpreted in a short folder. primeval fores s Iha remain ed on these Roa ring Fork Motor Nature Trail begins just A winding 11-mile ro ad takes you through the mountains. Un less t e course of events coulc beyond the oah " Bud " Ogle Place and cove at a leisurely pace and a self-guiding be quickly changed, there ould be little left takes you on a 5-m ile winding drive through auto tour booklet interprets the various of the region 's special charac er. fo rest and past pioneer stru ctures. The story cabins, houses, churches, and the Cable Mill Intervention came when Great Smoky of the forest and man's encounter with it are area. The tour road is excellent for bicycling Mountains National Par k as establ ished in told in a self-guiding booklet avai lable at the and those who decide not to go the whole 1934. The fores -at least the 20 % that trail entrance. Th is road is open from mid­ distance may shortcut across the cove floor remained uncut within park bo undari es- was April thru mid-November. by using Sparks or Hyatt La nes. Squeezing sorghum can e to make molasses MS'UNTAIN PEOPLE A guide to the places worked and worshi w~ere they lived, Mountains Nati· pl ped in Great Smoky ona Park \. .. '--._ \ Living History Programs J '---'" Reenacted aspects of . presented se pioneer life are 1) asonally at th Pi oneer Farmstead ese locations: 2) Mingus Mill 6) Gades Cove (Cable Mill area)

Historic buildings m . . Park Service: amtamed by the National

1) Pi oneer Farmstead 2) Mingus Mil l 3) Noah " Bud" 0 I 4) Roaring Fork Jo~ Place Self Gu iding Trai l ·- _...... _ __ 5) Cataloochee or Nature Trai l I - 6) Gades Cove ( J \ 7) Little Greenbrier School ~

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Ra nger Station Campground Picn ic Area Lookout To er Se lf-gu iding ature Trail p 'JnP Str

Paved Road Unpaved Road

0 ~-"---;:::-:2--:-~3L-_4L__j5 D 123456 (7 /86) Scale in Miles