DOCSLIB.ORG

Internet Servisi Usenet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Internet servisi dr Dušan Ljubičić Beogradska akademija poslovnih i umetničkih strukovnih studija Usenet Usenet • 1980.g razvili studenti univerziteta Duke i S.Karolina • Naziv Usenet dolazi od User Network • Javna diskusija o različitim temama u vidu tekstualnih poruka 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 2 Usenet • Vrsta oglasne table gde svako može da iznese svoje stavove i ideje, postavi pitanje, dobije odgovor na postavljeno pitanje, podeli svoje znanje i iskustvo sa drugima… • Svetska zajednica ljudi koji razmenjuju ideje i informacije 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 3 Diskusione grupe u Usenet mreži • Skladišta na Usenet serverima • Sadrže datoteke koje grupisane u diskusione grupe • Naziv grupe ukazuje na tematiku i zato se zovu i tematske grupe, interesne grupe i grupe 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 4 Poruka (post, artikal) • Diskusione grupe su adresa na koju korisnici šalju svoje poruke • Poruka (artikal, post), je u obliku teksta ili u binarnom formatu (sve što nije tekst, audio, video, softver…) • Proces slanja poruke naziva se posting • Poruka istovremeno može da se pošalje na adresu više diskusionih grupa • Danas postoji preko 100 000 diskusionih grupa 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 5 Nazivi diskusionih grupa • Ime diskusione grupe počinje sa prefiksom koji ukazuje na najširu tematiku, npr. comp za kompjutere • U nastavku posle tačke dolazi naziv podgrupe, npr. software (comp.software) • Daljom podelom bi grupa comp.software.windows • sci.psychology, sci.research, soc.college.org, soc.culture.african, talk.religion, talk.politics... 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 6 Hijerarhije diskusionih grupa • Početno ime grupe (npr. comp) određuje njenu hijerarhiju, a tačka ukazuje na hijerarhijski nivo • Hijerarhija se skraćeno zapisuje navođenjem grupe sa tačkom i zvezdicom iza, npr. comp.*, sci.* itd. 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 7 Hijerarhija grupe Comp 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 8 Tri hijerarhije • U početku su sve grupe nalazile unutar tri hijerarhije, fa.*, mod.* i net.* • Prva je bila u vlasništvu ARPANET-a, druga je označavala grupe koje su imale moderatora, a net.* grupe bez moderatora • Kada je broj grupa narastao 1987. godine je urađeno Veliko preimenovanje (Great Renaming) i uvedeno je sedam novih hijerarhija 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 9 Hijerarhije diskusionih grupa • comp.* - postovi o računarima • news.* - postovi o Usenet-u i diskusionim grupama • sci.* - postovi o nauci i tehnologiji • rec.* - postovi o rekreacionim aktivnostima i hobijima • soc.* - postovi o društvenim temama i kulturi • talk.* - postovi o debatama i drugim temama o kojima može da se vodi konverzacija • misc.* - postovi o svemu što ne može da se svrsta u neku od preostalih hijerarhija 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 10 Hijerarhije diskusionih grupa • Hijerarhija humanities.*, koja se bavi humanističkim temama (literatura, filozofija ...) uvedena je 1995. • Ovih osam hijerarhija čini tzv. Osam velikih (Big 8) hijerarhija i u njih, zajedno sa alt.* hijerarhijom spada najveći broj grupa na Usenet-u 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 11 Alt.* hijerarhija • Velike nedoumice oko toga koje grupe dozvoliti • Nisu bile dozvoljene grupe koje bi se bavile drogom, seksom i drugim osetljivim temama • Ovaj problem je rešen uvođenjem hijerarhije alt.* • Alt.* je alternativna hijerarhija koja koja nema centralizovanu kontrolu i praktično svako ko ima tehničke mogućnosti može da kreira svoju alt.* grupu 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 12 Alt.* hijerarhija • John Gilmore je 1992. god. hteo da pokrene grupu na temu droge - rec.drugs • Administratori su odbili • Gilmore stvara vlastitu hijerarhiju alt.* na kojoj neće postojati cenzura • Sumnjalo se da alt umesto alternativa označava anarhiste, ludake i teroriste 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 13 Alt.* hijerarhija • Ne znači totalnu slobodu jer administratori Usenet servera imaju poslednju reč • U grupi alt.config - saveti i upustva za kreiranje nove diskusione grupe i spisak najčešćih razloga zbog kojih su predložene grupe odbijene • U okviru alt.* hijerarhije najveći broj grupa na Usenet-u 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 14 Trolovanje • Korisnici Useneta, revoltirani zbog velikog broja „pridošlica“, novih korisnika pokušavaju da ih oteraju • 1992. god, nastaje trolovanje • Iskusniji korisnik objavi neku urbanu legendu u Usenetu, noviji korisnik se „upeca“ i reaguje i počinje ruganje i napad – trolovanje • Trolovi se trude da izazovu pažnju, duhoviti, napadni, bezobrazni, vulgarni… 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 15 Ostale hijerarhije • Pored devet - veliki broj manjih hijerarhija (oko 600) (odnose se na region, kompaniju, proizvod, projekat…) • hijerarhija de.* - nemačka, fr.* na francusku… • Hijerarhija free.* nastala 1998. još slobodnija po pitanju sadržaja od alt.* hijerarhije 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 16 Binarne datoteke • Veliki broj poruka (datoteka) koje se nalaze u diskusionim grupama su u obliku čistog teksta • Pored tekstualnih datoteka, koje su obično male veličine, u diskusionim grupama nalaze se i binarne datoteke čiji sadržaj može da bude zvuk, video, slika, programski kôd (softver)… • Grupe u kojima se nalaze binarne datoteke se prepoznaju po tome što u svom nazivu sadrže reč binaries, na primer dk.binaries.film ili alt.binaries.movies 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 17 Kodiranje • Usenet je napravljen za slanje tekstualnih poruka i svi znakovi koji nisu tekst ne mogu da prođu • Zato se binarne datoteke pre slanja kodiraju u tekst • Koriste se različiti programi za kodiranje, a danas se najčešće koristi program yEnc • Isti program se koristi i za vraćanje nazad u binarni format 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 18 Binarne datoteke, veličina • Binarna datoteka koja je veća od veličine maksimalnog posta (npr. film od 1GB) prvo se rar ili zip programom kompresuje i istovremeno podeli na potreban broj datoteka (npr. film.r01, film.r02 itd.) • Sve se zatim enkriptuje nekim programom, kao što je ranije pomenuti yEnc • Onda se šalje na Usenet server u određenu diskusionu grupu 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 19 Pretraživanje binarnih datoteka • Pretraživanje binarnih datoteka se radi po nazivu artikla (filename), temi koja mora da se navede u polju Subject prilikom slanja i po sadržaju koji je opisan u .nfo datoteci 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 20 NFO datoteke • NFO datoteke sadrže dodatne, često detaljne informacije o binarnim datotekama • Npr, ako se radi o filmu navodi se naziv filma, godina izdanja, glumci, žanr filma, jezik, rezolucija, trajanje… • U obliku su čistog teksta i mogu da se pročitaju 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 21 Newsreader klijentski Usenet softver • Newsreader je klijentski Usenet softver koji se koristi za čitanje artikala (postova), njihovo slanje i preuzimanje sa servera i slanje i preuzimanje binarnih datoteka • Radi na sličan način kao i programi za elektronsku poštu • Na Usenet server se povezuje preko NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) protokola 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 22 Vrste Newsreader-a • Tekstualni samo čitaju i šalju tekstualne postove, binarni rade samo sa binarnim datotekama, ali nisu efikasni u radu sa binarnim datotekama kao binarni, NZB downloader-i mogu samo da preuzimaju binarne datoteke dok kombinovani imaju mogućnosti svih prethodnih • Uglavnom su samostalni programi koji se preuzimaju sa Interneta i instaliraju na lokalni računar • Takođe, postoje i oni koji se izvršavaju u veb brauzeru 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 23 Preuzimanje Newsreader-a • Newsreader-i takođe mogu da se podele na komercijalne i besplatne • Usenet Explorer i NewsToolz su primeri komercijalnog i besplatnog newsreader-a. Preuzimanje i mogućnosti ovih programa možete videti na veb stranicama – http://www.techsono.com/usenet/newztoolz?Sou rce=NewzToolz i – http://usenetexplorer.com 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 24 Instalacija • Posle instalacije potrebno je konfigurisati Newsreader, tj. uneti naziv servera, korisničko ime i šifru, NNTP port (119), SSL port (443 ili 563) i eventualno druge parametre koje Usenet provajder pošalje posle otvaranja naloga 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 25 Komunikacija na Usenet-u • Komunikacija na Usenet počinje pisanjem poruke (artikla) u nekom od newsreader programa, slično email-u po tome što sadrži zaglavlje i telo poruke • U telu poruke se piše sama poruka (artikal) • U zaglavlju se nalaze polja od kojih su obavezna: From, Date, Newsgroup, Subject, Message-ID i Path • U Newsgroups piše se adresa jedne ili više diskusionih grupa kojima se poruka šalje, npr. soc.culture.japan • U polje Subject, koje je za razliku od email-a ovde obavezno, navodi se ukratko tema poruke 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 26 Komunikacija 2. korak • Kada je poruka napisana, šalje se na Usenet • Ovaj postupak se zove posting • Newsreader šalje poruku Usenet serveru sa kojim je povezan • Poruka se na serveru smešta se u grupu kojoj je poslata 3/29/2020 Internet servisi – dr Dušan Ljubičić 27 Komunikacija - protokoli • Za slanje poruke koristi se NNTP protokol (Network News Transfer Protocol) • Protokol radi na portu 119 • Za bezbedan prenos podataka NNTP protokol koristi port 433 • Posle ovog koraka poruka je dostupna Usenet korisnicima koji su povezani sa tim serverom,
Recommended publications
  • Memetic Proliferation and Fan Participation in the Simpsons

    Memetic Proliferation and Fan Participation in the Simpsons

    THE UNIVERSITY OF HULL Craptacular Science and the Worst Audience Ever: Memetic Proliferation and Fan Participation in The Simpsons being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of PhD Film Studies in the University of Hull by Jemma Diane Gilboy, BFA, BA (Hons) (University of Regina), MScRes (University of Edinburgh) April 2016 Craptacular Science and the Worst Audience Ever: Memetic Proliferation and Fan Participation in The Simpsons by Jemma D. Gilboy University of Hull 201108684 Abstract (Thesis Summary) The objective of this thesis is to establish meme theory as an analytical paradigm within the fields of screen and fan studies. Meme theory is an emerging framework founded upon the broad concept of a “meme”, a unit of culture that, if successful, proliferates among a given group of people. Created as a cultural analogue to genetics, memetics has developed into a cultural theory and, as the concept of memes is increasingly applied to online behaviours and activities, its relevance to the area of media studies materialises. The landscapes of media production and spectatorship are in constant fluctuation in response to rapid technological progress. The internet provides global citizens with unprecedented access to media texts (and their producers), information, and other individuals and collectives who share similar knowledge and interests. The unprecedented speed with (and extent to) which information and media content spread among individuals and communities warrants the consideration of a modern analytical paradigm that can accommodate and keep up with developments. Meme theory fills this gap as it is compatible with existing frameworks and offers researchers a new perspective on the factors driving the popularity and spread (or lack of popular engagement with) a given media text and its audience.
  • Newscache – a High Performance Cache Implementation for Usenet News 

    Newscache – a High Performance Cache Implementation for Usenet News 

    THE ADVANCED COMPUTING SYSTEMS ASSOCIATION The following paper was originally published in the Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference Monterey, California, USA, June 6-11, 1999 NewsCache – A High Performance Cache Implementation for Usenet News _ _ _ Thomas Gschwind and Manfred Hauswirth Technische Universität Wien © 1999 by The USENIX Association All Rights Reserved Rights to individual papers remain with the author or the author's employer. Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes. This copyright notice must be included in the reproduced paper. USENIX acknowledges all trademarks herein. For more information about the USENIX Association: Phone: 1 510 528 8649 FAX: 1 510 548 5738 Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.usenix.org NewsCache – A High Performance Cache Implementation for Usenet News Thomas Gschwind Manfred Hauswirth g ftom,M.Hauswirth @infosys.tuwien.ac.at Distributed Systems Group Technische Universitat¨ Wien Argentinierstraße 8/E1841 A-1040 Wien, Austria, Europe Abstract and thus provided to its clients are defined by the news server’s administrator. Usenet News is reaching its limits as current traffic strains the available infrastructure. News data volume The world-wide set of cooperating news servers makes increases steadily and competition with other Internet up the distribution infrastructure of the News system. services has intensified. Consequently bandwidth re- Articles are distributed among news servers using the quirements are often beyond that provided by typical Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) which is de- links and the processing power needed exceeds a sin- fined in RFC977 [2]. In recent years several exten- gle system’s capabilities.
  • Usenet News HOWTO

    Usenet News HOWTO

    Usenet News HOWTO Shuvam Misra (usenet at starcomsoftware dot com) Revision History Revision 2.1 2002−08−20 Revised by: sm New sections on Security and Software History, lots of other small additions and cleanup Revision 2.0 2002−07−30 Revised by: sm Rewritten by new authors at Starcom Software Revision 1.4 1995−11−29 Revised by: vs Original document; authored by Vince Skahan. Usenet News HOWTO Table of Contents 1. What is the Usenet?........................................................................................................................................1 1.1. Discussion groups.............................................................................................................................1 1.2. How it works, loosely speaking........................................................................................................1 1.3. About sizes, volumes, and so on.......................................................................................................2 2. Principles of Operation...................................................................................................................................4 2.1. Newsgroups and articles...................................................................................................................4 2.2. Of readers and servers.......................................................................................................................6 2.3. Newsfeeds.........................................................................................................................................6
  • Eszter Babarczy: Community Based Trust on the Internet

    Eszter Babarczy: Community Based Trust on the Internet

    PTE BTK Nyelvtudományi Doktori Iskola Kommunikáció Doktori Program Babarczy Eszter: Community Based Trust on the Internet Doktori értekezés Témavezető: Horányi Özséb egyetemi tanár 2011. 1 Community-based trust on the internet Tartalom Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 II. A very brief history of the internet ........................................................................................................... 9 Early Days ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Mainstream internet .............................................................................................................................. 12 The internet of social software .............................................................................................................. 15 III Early trust related problems and solutions ............................................................................................ 20 Trading .................................................................................................................................................... 20 Risks of and trust in content ....................................................................................................................... 22 UGC and its discontents: Wikipedia ......................................................................................................
  • The Internet Is a Semicommons

    The Internet Is a Semicommons

    GRIMMELMANN_10_04_29_APPROVED_PAGINATED 4/29/2010 11:26 PM THE INTERNET IS A SEMICOMMONS James Grimmelmann* I. INTRODUCTION As my contribution to this Symposium on David Post’s In Search of Jefferson’s Moose1 and Jonathan Zittrain’s The Future of the Internet,2 I’d like to take up a question with which both books are obsessed: what makes the Internet work? Post’s answer is that the Internet is uniquely Jeffersonian; it embodies a civic ideal of bottom-up democracy3 and an intellectual ideal of generous curiosity.4 Zittrain’s answer is that the Internet is uniquely generative; it enables its users to experiment with new uses and then share their innovations with each other.5 Both books tell a story about how the combination of individual freedom and a cooperative ethos have driven the Internet’s astonishing growth. In that spirit, I’d like to suggest a third reason that the Internet works: it gets the property boundaries right. Specifically, I see the Internet as a particularly striking example of what property theorist Henry Smith has named a semicommons.6 It mixes private property in individual computers and network links with a commons in the communications that flow * Associate Professor, New York Law School. My thanks for their comments to Jack Balkin, Shyam Balganesh, Aislinn Black, Anne Chen, Matt Haughey, Amy Kapczynski, David Krinsky, Jonathon Penney, Chris Riley, Henry Smith, Jessamyn West, and Steven Wu. I presented earlier versions of this essay at the Commons Theory Workshop for Young Scholars (Max Planck Institute for the Study of Collective Goods), the 2007 IP Scholars conference, the 2007 Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, and the December 2009 Symposium at Fordham Law School on David Post’s and Jonathan Zittrain’s books.
  • A Proposed Technique for Tracing Origin of Spam on the Usenet

    A Proposed Technique for Tracing Origin of Spam on the Usenet

    A proposed technique for tracing origin of spam on the Usenet by Dirk Bertels, BComp A dissertation submitted to the School of Computing in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Computing with Honours University of Tasmania June 2006 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any tertiary institution. To the candidate’s knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text of the thesis. Signed Dirk Bertels Hobart, June 2006 Abstract The Usenet, a worldwide distributed decentralized conferencing system, is widely targeted by spammers who use a variety of techniques in order to obscure their identity. One of these techniques is called path preload, in which the path header is spoofed by means of attaching a false section at the beginning of this path. The process of detecting and confirming path preload is laborious and requires a thorough understanding of the Usenet. A technique which downloads a particular article from several servers, and compares their path headers is explored as to its usefulness regarding path preload detection. This document begins with a general background on the Usenet, highlighting those aspects that are relevant to the research, especially the topics of Usenet headers and spam. This leads to a description of the proposed technique and the development of a tool capable of implementing this technique. The tool essentially downloads a spam article from different servers, and analyses their headers.
  • Newsreaders.Com: Getting Started: Netiquette

    Newsreaders.Com: Getting Started: Netiquette

    Usenet Netiquette NewsReaders.com: Getting Started: Netiquette I hope you will try Giganews or UsenetServer for your news subscription -- especially as a holiday present for your friends, family, or yourself! Getting Started (Netiquette) Consult various Netiquette links The Seven Don'ts of Usenet Google Groups Posting Style Guide Introduction to Usenet and Netiquette from NewsWatcher manual Quoting Style by Richard Kettlewell Other languages: o Voila! Francois. o Usenet News German o Netiquette auf Deutsch! Some notes from me: Read a newsgroup for a while before posting o By reading the group without posting (known as "lurking") for a while, or by reading the group archives on Google, you get a sense of the scope and tone of the group. Consult the FAQ before posting. o See Newsgroups page to find the FAQ for a particular group o FAQ stands for Frequently Asked Questions o a FAQ has not only the questions, but the answers! o Thus by reading the FAQ you don't post questions that have been asked (and answered) ad infinitum See the configuring software section regarding test posts (only post tests to groups with name ending in ".test") and not posting a duplicate post in the mistaken belief that your initial post did not go through. Don't do "drive through" posts. o Frequently someone who has an urgent question will post to a group he/she does not usually read, and then add something like "Please reply to me directly since I don't normally read this group." o Newsgroups are meant to be a shared experience.
  • Internet... the Final Frontier. Eine Ethnographie. Schlußbericht Des Projekts 'Interaktionsraum Internet. Netzkultur Und Ne

    Internet... the Final Frontier. Eine Ethnographie. Schlußbericht Des Projekts 'Interaktionsraum Internet. Netzkultur Und Ne

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics econstor www.econstor.eu Der Open-Access-Publikationsserver der ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft The Open Access Publication Server of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics Helmers, Sabine; Hoffmann, Ute; Hofmann, Jeanette Working Paper Internet... the final frontier: Eine Ethnographie. Schlußbericht des Projekts Interaktionsraum Internet. Netzkultur und Netzwerkorganisation Schriftenreihe der Abteilung Organisation und Technikgenese des Forschungsschwerpunktes Technik-Arbeit-Umwelt am Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, No. FS II 98-112 Provided in cooperation with: Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB) Suggested citation: Helmers, Sabine; Hoffmann, Ute; Hofmann, Jeanette (1998) : Internet... the final frontier: Eine Ethnographie. Schlußbericht des Projekts Interaktionsraum Internet. Netzkultur und Netzwerkorganisation, Schriftenreihe der Abteilung Organisation und Technikgenese des Forschungsschwerpunktes Technik-Arbeit- Umwelt am Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, No. FS II 98-112, http:// hdl.handle.net/10419/49813 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die ZBW räumt Ihnen als Nutzerin/Nutzer das unentgeltliche, The ZBW grants you, the user, the non-exclusive right to use räumlich unbeschränkte und zeitlich auf die Dauer des Schutzrechts the selected work free of charge, territorially unrestricted and beschränkte einfache Recht ein, das ausgewählte Werk im Rahmen within the time limit of the term of the property rights according der unter to the terms specified at → http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen → http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen nachzulesenden vollständigen Nutzungsbedingungen zu By the first use of the selected work the user agrees and vervielfältigen, mit denen die Nutzerin/der Nutzer sich durch die declares to comply with these terms of use.
  • The Good Samaritan Exemption and the Cda

    The Good Samaritan Exemption and the Cda

    THE GOOD SAMARITAN EXEMPTION AND THE CDA Excerpted from Chapter 37 (Defamation and Torts) of E-Commerce and Internet Law: A Legal Treatise With Forms, Second Edition, a 4-volume legal treatise by Ian C. Ballon (Thomson/West Publishing 2015) SANTA CLARA UNIVERSITY LAW PRESENTS “HOT TOPICS IN INTERNET, CLOUD, AND PRIVACY LAW” SANTA CLARA UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL APRIL 23, 2015 Ian C. Ballon Greenberg Traurig, LLP Silicon Valley: Los Angeles: 1900 University Avenue, 5th Fl. 1840 Century Park East, Ste. 1900 East Palo Alto, CA 914303 Los Angeles, CA 90067 Direct Dial: (650) 289-7881 Direct Dial: (310) 586-6575 Direct Fax: (650) 462-7881 Direct Fax: (310) 586-0575 [email protected] <www.ianballon.net> Google+, LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook: IanBallon This paper has been excerpted from E-Commerce and Internet Law: Treatise with Forms 2d Edition (Thomson West 2015 Annual Update), a 4-volume legal treatise by Ian C. Ballon, published by West LegalWorks Publishing, 395 Hudson Street, New York, NY 10014, (212) 337-8443, www.ianballon.net. Ian C. Ballon Silicon Valley 1900 University Avenue Shareholder 5th Floor Internet, Intellectual Property & Technology Litigation East Palo Alto, CA 94303 T 650.289.7881 Admitted: California, District of Columbia and Maryland F 650.462.7881 JD, LLM, CIPP Los Angeles 1840 Century Park East [email protected] Los Angeles, CA 90067 Google+, LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook: Ian Ballon T 310.586.6575 F 310.586.0575 Ian Ballon represents Internet, technology, and entertainment companies in copyright, intellectual property and Internet litigation, including the defense of privacy and behavioral advertising class action suits.
  • Jargon File, Version 4.0.0, 24 Jul 1996

    Jargon File, Version 4.0.0, 24 Jul 1996

    JARGON FILE, VERSION 4.0.0, 24 JUL 1996 This is the Jargon File, a comprehensive compendium of hacker slang illuminating many aspects of hackish tradition, folklore, and humor. This document (the Jargon File) is in the public domain, to be freely used, shared, and modified. There are (by intention) no legal restraints on what you can do with it, but there are traditions about its proper use to which many hackers are quite strongly attached. Please extend the courtesy of proper citation when you quote the File, ideally with a version number, as it will change and grow over time. (Examples of appropriate citation form: "Jargon File 4.0.0" or "The on-line hacker Jargon File, version 4.0.0, 24 JUL 1996".) The Jargon File is a common heritage of the hacker culture. Over the years a number of individuals have volunteered considerable time to maintaining the File and been recognized by the net at large as editors of it. Editorial responsibilities include: to collate contributions and suggestions from others; to seek out corroborating information; to cross-reference related entries; to keep the file in a consistent format; and to announce and distribute updated versions periodically. Current volunteer editors include: Eric Raymond [email protected] Although there is no requirement that you do so, it is considered good form to check with an editor before quoting the File in a published work or commercial product. We may have additional information that would be helpful to you and can assist you in framing your quote to reflect not only the letter of the File but its spirit as well.
  • Handling Information Overload on Usenet

    Handling Information Overload on Usenet

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Department of Informatics Handling Information Overload on Usenet Advanced Caching Methods for News Jan Ingvoldstad Cand Scient Thesis 4th August 2001 Abstract Usenet is the name of a world wide network of servers for group communica- tion between people. From 1979 and onwards, it has seen a near exponential growth in the amount of data transported, which has been a strain on band- width and storage. There has been a wide range of academic research with focus on the WWW, but Usenet has been neglected. Instead, Usenet’s evolu- tion has been dominated by practical solutions. This thesis describes the history of Usenet in a growth perspective, and introduces methods for collection and analysis of statistical data for testing the usefulness of various caching strategies. A set of different caching strategies are proposed and examined in light of bandwidth and storage demands as well as user perceived performance. I have shown that advanced caching methods for news offers relief for reading servers’ storage and bandwidth capacity by exploiting usage patterns for fetching or prefetching articles the users may want to read, but it will not solve the problem of near exponential growth nor the problems of Usenet’s backbone peers. Preface When I first started my studies at the University in Oslo in the autumn of 1991, I thought I was going to be a mathematician, and followed my first class in university level mathematics with vigor.
  • Feminist Counter-Publicity in the Digital Age

    Feminist Counter-Publicity in the Digital Age

    Strange Spaces & Stranger Sensibilities: Feminist Counter-Publicity in the Digital Age by Bonnie Marilyn Washick A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Political Science) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Professor Elizabeth R. Wingrove (Chair) Assistant Professor André L. Brock Professor Lisa J. Disch Professor Don Herzog Associate Professor Mika LaVaque-Manty © Bonnie Marilyn Washick 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In undertaking this project, it often seemed that writing was a brutal thing. There’s always more that could be said and, one suspects, more that is worth exploring before committing words to the page. What a pleasure, then, to write with such blistering certainty: I could not have done this without the guidance, advocacy, and support of many people. A thousand thanks are owed; I am grateful for the space to pay some small portion of that debt. I must begin by thanking my committee: Lisa Disch, André Brock, Don Herzog, Mika LaVaque-Manty, and my Dissertation Chair, Elizabeth Wingrove. I am so appreciative of Lisa Disch’s incisive reading and productively challenging feedback. André’s in-depth knowledge and experience with the study of digital media was invaluable, and I’m certain will continue to be so. Many thanks to Don Herzog for his willingness to go over my work with a fine-tooth comb, or simply riff on a theme over coffee. I probably should have taken you up more on the former, but it was the latter that made me excited about work. Thanks to Mika LaVaque-Manty for serving as my teaching mentor in addition to serving on my committee, and modeling an enthusiastic, inquisitive, and student-like (in the best of ways) approach to innovation in the classroom.