DOCSLIB.ORG

Isotopes of Tri-Colored Bats Con.Org

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Isotopes of Tri-Colored Bats Con.Org SURPRISING MIGRATIONS BAT CONSERVATION CRITICAL BAT AREAS OF TRI-COLORED BATS BEGINSIN BANGLADESH WIN SUPPORTIN LATIN AMERICA WWW.BATCO N.ORG SPRING 2013 BATSBATSBAT CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL BatBat ConservationConservation AcrossAcrossAfricaAfrica THE MEMO from our E XECUTIVE D IRECTOR f you were a fine young fellow or lady of good economic and ecological value. So bats remain under-valued family and fortune in the court of English King in most of the world and by many of those who gain the Henry VII, indispensable to your royal chitchat most. In my home state of Pennsylvania, hard hit by White- I was The Book of St. Albans, published in 1486. nose Syndrome, mortality for little brown bats is above 98 In addition to indispensable trivia on hawking and her- percent. Yet the agriculture industry there has remained silent aldry, St. Albans put forth the colorful collective nouns that on listing the little brown bat and other WNS-decimated bats still pop up in party conversation — a flock of crows is a as state-endangered. murder; ferrets gather in businesses; and Think how persuasive studies on the groups of jellyfish and cats are, respec- benefits of such bats to Northeast farming tively, smacks and clowders. could have been – but such studies don’t And what of bats? Bats, then as exist and can’t be done now that these now, suffer from bad PR. You might ex- once-common bats are gone from the land- pect a bevy of bats, but no – bevy is re- scape. Stimulating such research elsewhere served for larks. Bats merit only colonies will be a global priority for BCI in the or clouds. Lest we go another 400 years months and years ahead. with such pedestrian bat terms, I pro- All of us who love and appreciate bats pose we embrace a new descriptor, a have a role to play in changing public per- prosperity of bats. ceptions. I began this column on a light If you’re a member of BCI, you note, but the issue is all-too-deadly serious. know why. Bats are important pollina- We have only an inkling of bats’ impor- tors in the southwestern United States tance to the ecosystems in which we and and around the world. Fruit bats’ dispersal of seeds is key to they live. Like rejuvenating fire in the pine barrens or nutri- the rainforest regeneration. Insectivorous bats consume bil- ent-rich spring floods in an estuary, bats themselves may be a lions of moths and other insects every night. A study pub- landscape-scale ecological process that helps define and sustain lished in Science of “ecosystem services” provided to some ecoregions. It’s an intriguing and not altogether far- agriculture by bats estimated that bats provide about $23 bil- fetched notion, one that bears more attention from the scien- lion/year in chemical-free pest management in the United tific community. States alone. A 2006 study in eight south-central Texas coun- In the meantime, at your next party, royal or otherwise, ties showed bats save cotton farmers about $750,000/year, ar- try remarking on the prosperity of bats you witnessed on your guably making bats the difference between profit and loss. last vacation. It might catch on. Surprisingly, few other studies have been done on bats’ Andrew B. Walker Executive Director Veteran conservationist Andy Walker, formerly of The Nature Conservancy and the New College Foundation, where he was president and CEO, became Executive Director of Bat Conservation International on January 30, 2013. Leave a legacy for bats today... By making a bequest to Bat Conservation International, you’ll be supporting our essential bat conservation, education and research efforts. Putting BCI in your will ensures that bats will be protected for generations to come. To find the charitable gift that best fits your financial goals, visit www.batcon.org/planned. P.O. Box 162603, Austin, Texas 78716 BATS (512) 327-9721 fax: (512) 327-9724 Volume 31, No. 1, s P r i n g 2 0 1 3 P uBlicAtions s tA f f Director of Publications: Robert Locke Photo Editor: Meera Banta FEATURES Graphic Artist: Jason Huerta Copyeditors: Angela England, Valerie Locke BATS welcomes queries from writers. Send your article proposal The Memo from our with a brief outline and a description of any photos to: Executive Director [email protected]. Members: Please send changes of address and all cor res - pondence to the address above or via email to members@bat- 2 Isotopes of Tri-colored Bats con.org. Please include your label, if possible, and allow six Technology reveals unexpected migrations weeks for the change of address. by Erin Fraser Founder: Dr. Merlin D. Tuttle E x E c u t i v E D i r E c to r : Andrew Walker 6 ‘Bat Conservation Africa’ B oA r D o f D i r E c to r s : Walter C. Sedgwick, Chair A collaboration that spans the continent Dr. Cullen Geiselman, Vice Chair by Robert Locke Anne-Louise Band, Secretary Sandy Read, Treasurer 10 CRITICAL AREAS FOR BAT CONSERVATION Bert Grantges; Dr. John Hayes; C. Andrew Marcus; Bet- tina Mathis; Dr. Gary F. McCracken; John D. Mitchell; Latin American conservationists build a grand strategy Steven P. Quarles; Susan Wallace; Joe Walston; Joseph by Luis F. Aguirre and Rubén M. Barquez Zillo. Honorary Directors : Sharon R. Forsyth; Elizabeth Ames Jones; Travis Mathis; Wilhelmina Robertson; William 13 A FIRST FOR BATS IN BANGLADESH Scanlan, Jr. by Nurul Islam Verne R. Read, Chairman Emeritus s c i E n c E A Dv i s o ry c o m m i t t E E : Dr. Gary McCracken (Board Liaison), Dr. Kate Jones, Dr. Thomas H. Kunz, Dr. Tigga Kingston, Dr. Rodrigo NEWS & NOTES Medellín, Dr. Paul Racey, Dr. Charles Rupprecht. BCI Science Panel 15 Rodrigues flying fox: a tragic wonder Dr. Leslie S. Hall, Dr. Greg Richards, Australia; Dr. Jiri Gaisler, Czech Republic; Dr. Arnulfo Moreno-Valdez, Forest Service awards for BCI Mexico; Dr. Herman Limpens, Netherlands; Dr. Armando Neighbors save Austin bats Rodriguez-Duran, Puerto Rico; Dr. Shahroukh Mistry, ; Dr. José R. Ochoa, . Honors for Bracken volunteers United States Venezuela Membership Manager: Amy McCartney BCI Member Snapshot BATS (ISSN 1049-0043) is published quarterly by Bat The Wish List Con ser vation International, Inc., a nonprofit corporation supported by tax-deductible contributions used for public ed- ucation, research and conservation of bats and the ecosystems that depend on them. © Bat Conser vation International, 2013. All rights reserved. Bat Conservation International’s mission is to conserve the world’s bats and their ecosystems to ensure a healthy planet. A subscription to BATS is included with BCI membership: Senior, Student or Educator $30; Basic $35; Friends of BCI $45; Supporting $60; Contributing $100; Patron $250; Sus- taining $500; Leader Circle $1,000. Third-class postage paid at Austin, Texas. Send address changes to Bat Conser vation In- ternational, P.O. Box 162603, Austin, TX 78716. COVER PHOTO: Straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) are perhaps the most iconic bats of Africa. Their seasonal migrations span much of the continent – and so does the new Bat Conservation Africa network that was created with BCI’s sup- Facebook.com/batcon Twitter.com/BatConIntl port in February 2013. See page 6. PHOTO © MERlIn d. TuTTlE, BCI / 0010431 IISOTOPESSOTOPES OF OF TTRIRI--COLOREDCOLORED BBATSATS TechnologyTechnology revealsreveals unexpectedunexpected migrationsmigrations by Erin Fraser courtesy of M.B. fenton Before this study, little was known about the tri-colored bat’s complex travels among sum- mer, fall and winter roosts. ri-colored bats are among the most common then ovulate and become pregnant after emerging from hiber- bats in much of eastern North America, yet nation in the spring. T relatively little is known of their seasonal trav- Although there is little information about tri-colored bats’ els among summer roosts, swarming sites and hibernacula. Our movements among summering grounds, swarming sites and hi- research goal was to apply new technology to old museum spec- bernacula, they are generally believed to be short-distance, re- imens (collected between 1878 and 1986) to investigate the un- gional migrants who move across the landscape in all directions usual migrations of tri-colored bats – making us feel kind of like as they travel among sites. cold case detectives. However, seasonal variation in abundance and sex ratio Our study, funded in part by Bat Conservation International within local populations has led some researchers to suspect Student Research Scholarships, indicates a fundamentally dif- these bats may migrate across significantly longer distances as ferent picture of migratory behavior than has been previously “latitudinal migrants” that travel south in the autumn (in this assumed for this species. case to hibernation sites), then return northward in the spring. Known until recently as eastern pipistrelles, the little insect- Another species considered to be a latitudinal migrant, the hunting tri-colored bats (Perimyotis subflavus) roost during the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), may migrate more than 1,250 summer months alone or in small, female-only colonies in miles (2,000 kilometers) one way. buildings or foliage. In the autumn, they travel to “swarming A better understanding of the migratory patterns and range sites,” usually caves or abandoned mines. Each night for as long of the tri-colored bat is essential for effective conservation deci- as several weeks, hundreds, sometimes thousands, of bats gather sions. Not only is the species among those battered by White- in and around swarming sites in a truly spectacular sight. This nose Syndrome, but tri-colored bats account for a substantial is when mating occurs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diversity and Abundance of Roadkilled Bats in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
    diversity Article Diversity and Abundance of Roadkilled Bats in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Lucas Damásio 1,2 , Laís Amorim Ferreira 3, Vinícius Teixeira Pimenta 3, Greiciane Gaburro Paneto 4, Alexandre Rosa dos Santos 5, Albert David Ditchfield 3,6, Helena Godoy Bergallo 7 and Aureo Banhos 1,3,* 1 Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/nº, Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil; [email protected] 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil 3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio Bárbara Weinberg, Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil; [email protected] (L.A.F.); [email protected] (V.T.P.); [email protected] (A.D.D.) 4 Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/nº, Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil; [email protected] 5 Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/nº, Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil; [email protected] 6 Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil 7 Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, RJ, Brazil; [email protected] Citation: Damásio, L.; Ferreira, L.A.; * Correspondence: [email protected] Pimenta, V.T.; Paneto, G.G.; dos Santos, A.R.; Ditchfield, A.D.; Abstract: Faunal mortality from roadkill has a negative impact on global biodiversity, and bats are Bergallo, H.G.; Banhos, A.
    [Show full text]
  • Bat Distribution in the Forested Region of Northwestern California
    BAT DISTRIBUTION IN THE FORESTED REGION OF NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA Prepared by: Prepared for: Elizabeth D. Pierson, Ph.D. California Department of Fish and Game William E. Rainey, Ph.D. Wildlife Management Division 2556 Hilgard Avenue Non Game Bird and Mammal Section Berkeley, CA 9470 1416 Ninth Street (510) 845-5313 Sacramento, CA 95814 (510) 548-8528 FAX [email protected] Contract #FG-5123-WM November 2007 Pierson and Rainey – Forest Bats of Northwestern California 2 Pierson and Rainey – Forest Bats of Northwestern California 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Bat surveys were conducted in 1997 in the forested regions of northwestern California. Based on museum and literature records, seventeen species were known to occur in this region. All seventeen were identified during this study: fourteen by capture and release, and three by acoustic detection only (Euderma maculatum, Eumops perotis, and Lasiurus blossevillii). Mist-netting was conducted at nineteen sites in a six county area. There were marked differences among sites both in the number of individuals captured per unit effort and the number of species encountered. The five most frequently encountered species in net captures were: Myotis yumanensis, Lasionycteris noctivagans, Myotis lucifugus, Eptesicus fuscus, and Myotis californicus; the five least common were Pipistrellus hesperus, Myotis volans, Lasiurus cinereus, Myotis ciliolabrum, and Tadarida brasiliensis. Twelve species were confirmed as having reproductive populations in the study area. Sampling sites were assigned to a habitat class: young growth (YG), multi-age stand (MA), old growth (OG), and rock dominated (RK). There was a significant response to habitat class for the number of bats captured, and a trend towards differences for number of species detected.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Statement on the Coverage of Bats by the Current Pesticide Risk
    STATEMENT ADOPTED: 20 June 2019 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5758 Scientific statement on the coverage of bats by the current pesticide risk assessment for birds and mammals EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR), Antonio Hernandez-Jerez, Paulien Adriaanse, Annette Aldrich, Philippe Berny, Tamara Coja, Sabine Duquesne, Anne Louise Gimsing, Marinovich Marina, Maurice Millet, Olavi Pelkonen, Silvia Pieper, Aaldrik Tiktak, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Anneli Widenfalk, Gerrit Wolterink, Danilo Russo, Franz Streissl and Christopher Topping Abstract Bats are an important group of mammals, frequently foraging in farmland and potentially exposed to pesticides. This statement considers whether the current risk assessment performed for birds and ground dwelling mammals exposed to pesticides is also protective of bats. Three main issues were addressed. Firstly, whether bats are toxicologically more or less sensitive than the most sensitive birds and mammals. Secondly, whether oral exposure of bats to pesticides is greater or lower than in ground dwelling mammals and birds. Thirdly, whether there are other important exposure routes relevant to bats. A large variation in toxicological sensitivity and no relationship between sensitivity of bats and bird or mammal test-species to pesticides could be found. In addition, bats have unique traits, such as echolocation and torpor which can be adversely affected by exposure to pesticides and which are not covered by the endpoints currently selected for wild mammal risk assessment. The current exposure assessment methodology was used for oral exposure and adapted to bats using bat-specific parameters. For oral exposure, it was concluded that for most standard risk assessment scenarios the current approach did not cover exposure of bats to pesticide residues in food.
    [Show full text]
  • MITOCHONDRIAL GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION and PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS of THREE Eptesicus (Histiotus) SPECIES in a CONTACT ZONE in PATAGONIA Analía L
    Mastozoología Neotropical, 26(2):349-358 Mendoza, 2019 Copyright © SAREM, 2019 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 hp://www.sarem.org.ar hps://doi.org/10.31687/saremMN.19.26.2.0.10 hp://www.sbmz.org Artículo MITOCHONDRIAL GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THREE Eptesicus (Histiotus) SPECIES IN A CONTACT ZONE IN PATAGONIA Analía L. Giménez1, Norberto P. Giannini2 and Francisca C. Almeida3 1Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evolución y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Sede Esquel, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina. [Correspondence: Analía L. Giménez <[email protected]>] 2Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientícas y Técnicas (CONICET), Fundación Miguel Lillo, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina. 3Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientícas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Capital Federal, Argentina. ABSTRACT. Eptesicus (Histiotus) magellanicus is a relatively rare and poorly known Patagonian endemic. This species is currently recognized as a valid, but until recently some authors treated it as a subspecies of E. (H.) montanus. In fact, no molecular data exist to support the distinctiveness of the former. In Patagonia, the distribution of these two species overlap marginally; they are also sympatric with a third Histiotus species, E. (H.) macrotus. In this study, we present for the rst time molecular data that corroborate morphological evidence of the separation between E. (H.) magellanicus from other Eptesicus (Histiotus) species, in special the ones with which it shares its distribution.
    [Show full text]
  • Bat Rabies and Other Lyssavirus Infections
    Prepared by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center Bat Rabies and Other Lyssavirus Infections Circular 1329 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Front cover photo (D.G. Constantine) A Townsend’s big-eared bat. Bat Rabies and Other Lyssavirus Infections By Denny G. Constantine Edited by David S. Blehert Circular 1329 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2009 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Constantine, D.G., 2009, Bat rabies and other lyssavirus infections: Reston, Va., U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1329, 68 p. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Constantine, Denny G., 1925– Bat rabies and other lyssavirus infections / by Denny G. Constantine. p. cm. - - (Geological circular ; 1329) ISBN 978–1–4113–2259–2 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats
    Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats A agnella, Kerivoula 901 Anchieta’s Bat 814 aquilus, Glischropus 763 Aba Leaf-nosed Bat 247 aladdin, Pipistrellus pipistrellus 771 Anchieta’s Broad-faced Fruit Bat 94 aquilus, Platyrrhinus 567 Aba Roundleaf Bat 247 alascensis, Myotis lucifugus 927 Anchieta’s Pipistrelle 814 Arabian Barbastelle 861 abae, Hipposideros 247 alaschanicus, Hypsugo 810 anchietae, Plerotes 94 Arabian Horseshoe Bat 296 abae, Rhinolophus fumigatus 290 Alashanian Pipistrelle 810 ancricola, Myotis 957 Arabian Mouse-tailed Bat 164, 170, 176 abbotti, Myotis hasseltii 970 alba, Ectophylla 466, 480, 569 Andaman Horseshoe Bat 314 Arabian Pipistrelle 810 abditum, Megaderma spasma 191 albatus, Myopterus daubentonii 663 Andaman Intermediate Horseshoe Arabian Trident Bat 229 Abo Bat 725, 832 Alberico’s Broad-nosed Bat 565 Bat 321 Arabian Trident Leaf-nosed Bat 229 Abo Butterfly Bat 725, 832 albericoi, Platyrrhinus 565 andamanensis, Rhinolophus 321 arabica, Asellia 229 abramus, Pipistrellus 777 albescens, Myotis 940 Andean Fruit Bat 547 arabicus, Hypsugo 810 abrasus, Cynomops 604, 640 albicollis, Megaerops 64 Andersen’s Bare-backed Fruit Bat 109 arabicus, Rousettus aegyptiacus 87 Abruzzi’s Wrinkle-lipped Bat 645 albipinnis, Taphozous longimanus 353 Andersen’s Flying Fox 158 arabium, Rhinopoma cystops 176 Abyssinian Horseshoe Bat 290 albiventer, Nyctimene 36, 118 Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arafura Large-footed Bat 969 Acerodon albiventris, Noctilio 405, 411 Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat 254 Arata Yellow-shouldered Bat 543 Sulawesi 134 albofuscus, Scotoecus 762 Andersen’s Little Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arata-Thomas Yellow-shouldered Talaud 134 alboguttata, Glauconycteris 833 Andersen’s Naked-backed Fruit Bat 109 Bat 543 Acerodon 134 albus, Diclidurus 339, 367 Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat 254 aratathomasi, Sturnira 543 Acerodon mackloti (see A.
    [Show full text]
  • Chiropterology Division BC Arizona Trial Event 1 1. DESCRIPTION: Participants Will Be Assessed on Their Knowledge of Bats, With
    Chiropterology Division BC Arizona Trial Event 1. DESCRIPTION: Participants will be assessed on their knowledge of bats, with an emphasis on North American Bats, South American Microbats, and African MegaBats. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: a. Each team may bring one 2” or smaller three-ring binder, as measured by the interior diameter of the rings, containing information in any form and from any source. Sheet protectors, lamination, tabs and labels are permitted in the binder. b. If the event features a rotation through a series of stations where the participants interact with samples, specimens or displays; no material may be removed from the binder throughout the event. c. In addition to the binder, each team may bring one unmodified and unannotated copy of either the National Bat List or an Official State Bat list which does not have to be secured in the binder. 3. THE COMPETITION: a. The competition may be run as timed stations and/or as timed slides/PowerPoint presentation. b. Specimens/Pictures will be lettered or numbered at each station. The event may include preserved specimens, skeletal material, and slides or pictures of specimens. c. Each team will be given an answer sheet on which they will record answers to each question. d. No more than 50% of the competition will require giving common or scientific names. e. Participants should be able to do a basic identification to the level indicated on the Official List. States may have a modified or regional list. See your state website.
    [Show full text]
  • Patagonian Bats
    Mammalia 2020; 84(2): 150–161 Analía Laura Giménez* and Mauro Ignacio Schiaffini Patagonian bats: new size limits, southernmost localities and updated distribution for Lasiurus villosissimus and Myotis dinellii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2019-0024 (i.e. intra and interspecific interactions) and abiotic Received March 10, 2019; accepted June 7, 2019; previously published factors (i.e. temperature, altitude, precipitation and pro- online July 16, 2019 ductivity), together with dispersal ability capacities and the evolutionary history of each lineage (Gaston 2003, Cox Abstract: Vespertilionid species are widely distributed and Moore 2005, Soberón and Peterson 2005). As abiotic in South America. They are highly diverse, with physio- factors are not evenly distributed in space or time, they logical and behavioral adaptations which allow them to shape the borders of species’ distributions trough extreme extend their distributions into temperate areas. In Patago- values (e.g. minimum or maximum temperatures, dry or nia, this family is represented by seven species in three humid areas), which in turn influence resource availabil- genera (Histiotus, Lasiurus and Myotis). In this study, we ity and impose limits to reproduction and survival (Mackey analyzed the distribution of two vespertilionid species, and Lindenmayer 2001, Gaston 2003). In this way, those Lasiurus villosissimus and Myotis dinellii, including new areas with more favorable abiotic (and biotic) conditions southernmost records, and their relationship with envi- will show the highest relative abundance, while records ronmental variables. Two different spatial scales were will become more scarce and more far away from each analyzed: a continental approach for species distribu- other toward the borders of a species’ distribution (Brown tion analyses (South America), and local trapping of bats 2003 and references therein).
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Echolocation in Bats: a Comparative Approach
    The evolution of echolocation in bats: a comparative approach Alanna Collen A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London. November 2012 Declaration Declaration I, Alanna Collen (née Maltby), confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, this is indicated in the thesis, and below: Chapter 1 This chapter is published in the Handbook of Mammalian Vocalisations (Maltby, Jones, & Jones) as a first authored book chapter with Gareth Jones and Kate Jones. Gareth Jones provided the research for the genetics section, and both Kate Jones and Gareth Jones providing comments and edits. Chapter 2 The raw echolocation call recordings in EchoBank were largely made and contributed by members of the ‘Echolocation Call Consortium’ (see full list in Chapter 2). The R code for the diversity maps was provided by Kamran Safi. Custom adjustments were made to the computer program SonoBat by developer Joe Szewczak, Humboldt State University, in order to select echolocation calls for measurement. Chapter 3 The supertree construction process was carried out using Perl scripts developed and provided by Olaf Bininda-Emonds, University of Oldenburg, and the supertree was run and dated by Olaf Bininda-Emonds. The source trees for the Pteropodidae were collected by Imperial College London MSc student Christina Ravinet. Chapter 4 Rob Freckleton, University of Sheffield, and Luke Harmon, University of Idaho, helped with R code implementation. 2 Declaration Chapter 5 Luke Harmon, University of Idaho, helped with R code implementation. Chapter 6 Joseph W.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Current Wildlife Species Genetic Research: Identification of a Priority List of Wildlife Species in Trade, Where DNA Research Would Assist Law Enforcement
    A Review of Current Wildlife Species Genetic Research: Identification of a priority list of wildlife species in trade, where DNA research would assist law enforcement Revised Final Report February 22, 2002 (Revised Mar 2004) Report No 3 LGC/LS/2004/001 A Review of Current Wildlife Species Genetic Research: Identification of a priority list of wildlife species in trade, where DNA research would assist law enforcement Revised Final Report Report No 3 Contact Point: Carole Foy Tel: 020 8943 7335. Prepared by: LGC: Carole Foy Lydia Ballam TRAFFIC: Crawford Allan Angela Barden Approved by: Alison Woolford ________________________________ Date: 22nd February 2002 (Revised Mar 2004) ________________________________ The work described in this report was supported under contract with DEFRA LGC/LS/2004/001 © LGC (Teddington) Limited 2004 Contents 1. Executive Summary 1 2. Project Aims 2 3. Background 2 4. Approach 5 4.1 Development of Priority Species Selection Criteria 5 4.1.1 The Primary Filter Process and Selection Criteria 5 4.1.2 Development of a DNA search strategy 8 4.2 Development of Analytical Database System 11 4.3 The Ranking, Scoring and Weighting Systems 11 4.3.1 DNA Ranking Strategy 11 5. Output 17 6. Recommendations 20 7. Conclusion 21 8. Acknowledgements 22 9. Appendices 24 9.1 Appendix 1 : Alternative animal ranking and prioritisation strategy 24 9.2 Appendix 2 : Species Database Construction and Use 26 9.3 Appendix 3 : Individuals/organisations contacted 37 9.4 Appendix 4 : Individuals/organisations offering assistance 37 9.5 Appendix 5 : DNA References 37 9.6 Appendix 6 : Summary of animal DNA information 65 9.7 Appendix 7 : Summary of plant DNA information 73 9.8 Appendix 8 : Wildlife trade regulation in the european union 75 9.9 Appendix 9 : Definitons for the Red List categories 77 Review of Current Wildlife Species Genetic Research - i - Final Report 1.
    [Show full text]
  • (Pteropus Giganteus) in LAHORE in WILDLIFE and ECOLOGY D
    ROOST CHARACTERISTICS, FOOD AND FEEDING HABITS OF THE INDIAN FLYING FOX (Pteropus giganteus) IN LAHORE BY TAYIBA LATIF GULRAIZ Regd. No. 2007-VA-508 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN WILDLIFE AND ECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE AND ECOLOGY FACULTY OF FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES LAHORE, PAKISTAN 2014 The Controller of Examinations, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore. We, the Supervisory Committee, certify that the contents and form of the thesis, submitted by Tayiba Latif Gulriaz, Registration No. 2007-VA-508 have been found satisfactory and recommend that it be processed for the evaluation by the External Examination (s) for award of the Degree. Chairman ___________________________ Dr. Arshad Javid Co-Supervisor ______________________________ Dr. Muhammad Mahmood-ul-hassan Member ____________________________ Dr. Khalid Mahmood Anjum Member ______________________________ Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool CONTENTS NO. TITLE PAGE 1. Dedication ii 2. Acknowledgements iii 3. List of Tables iv 4. List of Figures v CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 2.1 Order Chiroptera 10 2.1.1 Chiropteran status in Indian sub-continent 11 2.1.2 Representative Megachiroptera in Pakistan 11 2.2 Habitant of Pteropodidae 13 2.2.1 Roost of Pteropus 14 2.2.2 Roost observation of Pteropus giganteus (Indian flying fox) 15 2.3 Colonial ranking among Pteropus roost 17 2.3.1 Maternal colonies of Pteropus species 19 2.4 Feeding adaptions in frugivorous bats 20 2.4.1 Staple food of Pteropodids 21 2.5 Bats as pollinators and seed dispersers 23 2.5.1 Conflict with fruit growers 24 2.6 Bat guano 25 2.6.1 Importance of bat guano 27 2.7 Perspicacity 28 2.8 The major threats to the bats 29 2.8.1 Urbanization 30 2.8.2 Deforestation 31 2.9 Approbation 33 Statement of Problem 34 2.10 Literature cited 35 3.1 Roost characteristics and habitat preferences of Indian flying 53 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Check List Lists of Species Check List 13(3): 2105, 1 May 2017 ISSN 1809-127X © 2017 Check List and Authors
    13 3 2105 the journal of biodiversity data 1 May 2017 Check List LISTS OF SPECIES Check List 13(3): 2105, 1 May 2017 https://doi.org/10.15560/13.3.2105 ISSN 1809-127X © 2017 Check List and Authors New records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) for a southern locality of the Argentine Yungas Santiago Gamboa Alurralde1, 2, 4, Rubén M. Barquez1, 2 & M. Mónica Díaz1, 2, 3 1 PIDBA (Programa de Investigaciones de Biodiversidad Argentina), PCMA (Programa de Conservación de los Murciélagos de Argentina), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML-Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Miguel Lillo 205, 4000. Tucumán, Argentina 2 CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas). Crisóstomo Alvarez 722, 4000. Tucumán, Argentina 3 Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina 4 Coresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The forests of northwestern Argentina represent least studied areas and it is under enormous pressure from one of the most diverse areas of the country, but also one human activities such as agriculture and tourism. The village of the most affected by human activities. The southern of Escaba, Tucuman province, northwestern Argentina, is border of this region is a transition area with the Dry Chaco located within this area. When this study began, only four Ecoregion and represents a poorly studied zone. The aim of species of bats were known for Escaba: Chrotopterus auritus this study was to assess the diversity of bats at the village (Phyllostomidae), Myotis dinellii (Vespertilionidae), Promops of Escaba, southern Tucuman. Seven field surveys were nasutus, and Tadarida brasiliensis (Molossidae) (Barquez et conducted at five different sites.
    [Show full text]