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The Image Processing Handbook, Third Edition by John C
The Image Processing Handbook, Third Edition by John C. Russ CRC Press, CRC Press LLC ISBN: 0849325323 Pub Date: 07/01/98 Search Tips Search this book: Advanced Search Introduction Acknowledgments Chapter 1—Acquiring Images Human reliance on images for information Using video cameras to acquire images Electronics and bandwidth limitations High resolution imaging Color imaging Digital cameras Color spaces Color displays Image types Range imaging Multiple images Stereoscopy Imaging requirements Chapter 2—Printing and Storage Printing Dots on paper Color printing Printing hardware Film recorders File storage Optical storage media Magnetic recording Databases for images Browsing and thumbnails Lossless coding Color palettes Lossy compression Other compression methods Digital movies Chapter 3—Correcting Imaging Defects Noisy images Neighborhood averaging Neighborhood ranking Other neighborhood noise reduction methods Maximum entropy Contrast expansion Nonuniform illumination Fitting a background function Rank leveling Color shading Nonplanar views Computer graphics Geometrical distortion Alignment Morphing Chapter 4—Image Enhancement Contrast manipulation Histogram equalization Laplacian Derivatives The Sobel and Kirsch operators Rank operations Texture Fractal analysis Implementation notes Image math Subtracting images Multiplication and division Chapter 5—Processing Images in Frequency Space Some necessary mathematical preliminaries What frequency space is all about The Fourier transform Fourier transforms of real functions Frequencies and -
Pousse Cornet Vente Du 03/02/2020 - 1 Blois Valoir Blois 41000Blois
SVV POUSSE CORNET VENTE DU 03/02/2020 - 1 BLOIS VALOIR BLOIS 41000BLOIS HOTEL DES VENTES DE BLOIS LUNDI 3 FEVRIER 2020 A 13H PHOTOS - LIVRES – TIMBRES – CPA – APPAREILS PHOTOS Marie-Edith POUSSE-CORNET Guillaume & Amélie CORNET Expositions publiques : Commissaires-priseurs 32 avenue Maunoury 41000 Blois Le matin de la vente de 9 h 30 à 11h30 Tel : 02 54 78 45 58 – Fax : 02 54 78 68 01 Photos : www.interencheres.com/41001 - www.poussecornet.auction.fr 1 SVV POUSSE CORNET VENTE DU 03/02/2020 - 1 BLOIS VALOIR BLOIS 41000BLOIS N° Description Estimations 1, APPAREIL photo Leica 3 chrome 1934, Ernest Leitz Wetzlar D.RP. N°138100, optique Leitz 200 / 250 Elmar 1: 3.5 F=50mm 2, APPAREIL stéréoscopique Velleaus ICA Polyscop 200 / 250 3, APPAREIL Exakta Varex Jhagee Dresden 60 / 80 4, APPAREIL photo Édixa-mat reflex. Mod B-L 100 / 120 5, Objectif Foca Teleoptar 135f4 60 / 80 6, Jumelles militaire Clement Huet avec sacoche, WW1 20 / 40 7, APPAREIL Gaumont Block-notes n°3434 200 / 300 8, APPAREIL Stereo PhotoJumelles 120 / 150 9, MURER D-U MURERB& Duroni 4.5*6 obj 140mm f4,5 vers 1915 1 160 / 180 10, Visionneuse Stéréo Unis avec vues positives Chamonix et divers France 80 / 100 11, Longchamp 30 / 40 11,1 Projecteur de cinéma forain REMCO RD 16. (manque plaque) 40 / 60 12, APPAREIL à soufflet, chambre Atom 50 / 80 13, SPIDO 6*12 louis Gaumont 1897 200 / 250 14, APPAREIL à soufflet Voigtlander Perkeo 200 / 250 15, KODAK Hawk Eye N°127 film 20 / 40 16, PATHE : Patheorama avec sa boîte 60 / 80 17, LOTS LAMPES 50 / 80 18, KODAK Bulls-eye N°2, 96 modèl 20 / 40 19, APPAREIL Murer's Express, newness. -
Tessar and Dagor Lenses
Tessar and Dagor lenses Lens Design OPTI 517 Prof. Jose Sasian Important basic lens forms Petzval DB Gauss Cooke Triplet little stress Stressed with Stressed with Low high-order Prof. Jose Sasian high high-order aberrations aberrations Measuring lens sensitivity to surface tilts 1 u 1 2 u W131 AB y W222 B y 2 n 2 n 2 2 1 1 1 1 u 1 1 1 u as B y cs A y 1 m Bstop ystop n'u' n 1 m ystop n'u' n CS cs 2 AS as 2 j j Prof. Jose Sasian Lens sensitivity comparison Coma sensitivity 0.32 Astigmatism sensitivity 0.27 Coma sensitivity 2.87 Astigmatism sensitivity 0.92 Coma sensitivity 0.99 Astigmatism sensitivity 0.18 Prof. Jose Sasian Actual tough and easy to align designs Off-the-shelf relay at F/6 Coma sensitivity 0.54 Astigmatism sensitivity 0.78 Coma sensitivity 0.14 Astigmatism sensitivity 0.21 Improper opto-mechanics leads to tough alignment Prof. Jose Sasian Tessar lens • More degrees of freedom • Can be thought of as a re-optimization of the PROTAR • Sharper than Cooke triplet (low index) • Compactness • Tessar, greek, four • 1902, Paul Rudolph • New achromat reduces lens stress Prof. Jose Sasian Tessar • The front component has very little power and acts as a corrector of the rear component new achromat • The cemented interface of the new achromat: 1) reduces zonal spherical aberration, 2) reduces oblique spherical aberration, 3) reduces zonal astigmatism • It is a compact lens Prof. Jose Sasian Merte’s Patent of 1932 Faster Tessar lens F/5.6 Prof. -
CODE by R.Mutt
CODE by R.Mutt dcraw.c 1. /* 2. dcraw.c -- Dave Coffin's raw photo decoder 3. Copyright 1997-2018 by Dave Coffin, dcoffin a cybercom o net 4. 5. This is a command-line ANSI C program to convert raw photos from 6. any digital camera on any computer running any operating system. 7. 8. No license is required to download and use dcraw.c. However, 9. to lawfully redistribute dcraw, you must either (a) offer, at 10. no extra charge, full source code* for all executable files 11. containing RESTRICTED functions, (b) distribute this code under 12. the GPL Version 2 or later, (c) remove all RESTRICTED functions, 13. re-implement them, or copy them from an earlier, unrestricted 14. Revision of dcraw.c, or (d) purchase a license from the author. 15. 16. The functions that process Foveon images have been RESTRICTED 17. since Revision 1.237. All other code remains free for all uses. 18. 19. *If you have not modified dcraw.c in any way, a link to my 20. homepage qualifies as "full source code". 21. 22. $Revision: 1.478 $ 23. $Date: 2018/06/01 20:36:25 $ 24. */ 25. 26. #define DCRAW_VERSION "9.28" 27. 28. #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE 29. #define _GNU_SOURCE 30. #endif 31. #define _USE_MATH_DEFINES 32. #include <ctype.h> 33. #include <errno.h> 34. #include <fcntl.h> 35. #include <float.h> 36. #include <limits.h> 37. #include <math.h> 38. #include <setjmp.h> 39. #include <stdio.h> 40. #include <stdlib.h> 41. #include <string.h> 42. #include <time.h> 43. #include <sys/types.h> 44. -
Megaplus Conversion Lenses for Digital Cameras
Section2 PHOTO - VIDEO - PRO AUDIO Accessories LCD Accessories .......................244-245 Batteries.....................................246-249 Camera Brackets ......................250-253 Flashes........................................253-259 Accessory Lenses .....................260-265 VR Tools.....................................266-271 Digital Media & Peripherals ..272-279 Portable Media Storage ..........280-285 Digital Picture Frames....................286 Imaging Systems ..............................287 Tripods and Heads ..................288-301 Camera Cases............................302-321 Underwater Equipment ..........322-327 PHOTOGRAPHIC SOLUTIONS DIGITAL CAMERA CLEANING PRODUCTS Sensor Swab — Digital Imaging Chip Cleaner HAKUBA Sensor Swabs are designed for cleaning the CLEANING PRODUCTS imaging sensor (CMOS or CCD) on SLR digital cameras and other delicate or hard to reach optical and imaging sur- faces. Clean room manufactured KMC-05 and sealed, these swabs are the ultimate Lens Cleaning Kit in purity. Recommended by Kodak and Fuji (when Includes: Lens tissue (30 used with Eclipse Lens Cleaner) for cleaning the DSC Pro 14n pcs.), Cleaning Solution 30 cc and FinePix S1/S2 Pro. #HALCK .........................3.95 Sensor Swabs for Digital SLR Cameras: 12-Pack (PHSS12) ........45.95 KA-11 Lens Cleaning Set Includes a Blower Brush,Cleaning Solution 30cc, Lens ECLIPSE Tissue Cleaning Cloth. CAMERA ACCESSORIES #HALCS ...................................................................................4.95 ECLIPSE lens cleaner is the highest purity lens cleaner available. It dries as quickly as it can LCDCK-BL Digital Cleaning Kit be applied leaving absolutely no residue. For cleaing LCD screens and other optical surfaces. ECLIPSE is the recommended optical glass Includes dual function cleaning tool that has a lens brush on one side and a cleaning chamois on the other, cleaner for THK USA, the US distributor for cleaning solution and five replacement chamois with one 244 Hoya filters and Tokina lenses. -
Farewell to the Kodak DCS Dslrs
John Henshall’s Chip Shop FAREWELL TO THE KODAK DCS John Henshall looks at Kodak’s legacy as the end of its DSLR production is announced . hen Kodak introduced the the world’s first totally portable Digital W Camera System – the DCS – in 1991 it established Eastman Kodak as the world leader of professional digital image capture. Fourteen years later, Kodak has just announced that it is ending production 1992: DCS200 of Digital Single Lens Reflex cameras. The DCS was a product launched ahead of its potential market, but one which indelibly marked the start of the future of photography. Kodak was smart. It housed its DCS in something photographers were already at home with: a Nikon F3 camera body. All the F3’s functions were retained, and the DCS used standard Nikon lenses. Only the 1991: The original Kodak DCS [100] and DSU 2005: Last of the line – the DCS ProSLR/c focusing screen was changed. A new Kodak-produced digital The relative sensitivity of the camera back was fixed to the Nikon F3 DCS camera back was ISO100. body. A light sensitive integrated circuit Exposure could be ‘pushed’ by – Charge Coupled Device – was fitted one, two or three ƒ-stops to into its film plane. ISO200, 400 or 800 on an This CCD image sensor had an individual shot-by-shot basis. incredible 1.3 million individual pixels It was not necessary to m o c . – more than four times as many as in expose a whole ‘roll of film’ at e r t n television cameras – arranged in a the same ISO rating, as was e c - i 1024 x 1280 pixel rectangle measuring necessary when shooting film. -
Cooke Triplet
Cooke triplet Lens Design OPTI 517 Prof. Jose Sasian Cooke triplet • A new design • Enough variables to correct all third– order aberrations • Thought of as an afocal front and an imaging rear • 1896 • Harold Dennis Taylor Prof. Jose Sasian Cooke triplet field-speed trade-off’s 24 deg @ f/4.5 27 deg @ f/5.6 Prof. Jose Sasian Aberration correction • Powers, glass, and separations for: power, axial chromatic, field curvature, lateral color, and distortion. Lens bendings, for spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism. Symmetry. •Power: yaa ybb ycc ya 2 2 2 •Axial color: ya a /Va yb b /Vb yc c /Vc 0 • Lateral color: ya yaa /Va yb ybb /Vb yc ycc /Vc 0 • Field curvature: a / na b / nb c / nc 0 Prof. Jose Sasian • Crossing of the sagittal and tangential field is an indication of the balancing of third-order, fifth-order astigmatism, field curvature, and defocus. Prof. Jose Sasian The strong power of the first positive lens leads to spherical aberration of the pupil which changes the chief ray high whereby inducing significant higher order aberrations. Y y ay 3 Y 2 y 2 2ay 4 a2 y 6 2 W222 Y 2 W422 ay W222 Prof. Jose Sasian Cooke triplet example from Geiser OE •5 waves scale •visible F1=34 mm F2=-17 mm F3=24 mm 1 STANDARD 23.713 4.831 LAK9 2 STANDARD 7331.288 5.86 STO STANDARD -24.456 0.975 SF5 4 STANDARD 21.896 4.822 5 STANDARD 86.759 3.127 LAK9 6 STANDARD -20.4942 41.10346 IMA STANDARD Infinity From Geiser OE f/4 at +/- 20 deg. -
Photography 4X6” [40]
Photography Printing Paper Epson SHEET PAPER Scrapbook Semigloss Photo Quality Adhesive BORDERLESS PAPER All-Purpose Glossy 8.5x11” [20].....................14.95 8.3x11.7” [10]..................10.95 Photo Paper Glossy 8.5x11” [20].......................6.95 Scrapbook Premier Matte Photo Quality Glossy 4x6” [50]............................6.95 Inkjet Transparency 8.5x11” [20].....................14.95 8.5x11” [20].......................9.95 Photo Paper 8.5x11” [30].....................41.50 8.3x11.7” [20]..................10.95 Heavy Weight Matte 11.7x16.5” [20]................59.95 12x12” [10]......................14.95 Durabrite Glossy High Quality 13x19” [20]......................32.50 8x10” [50]..........................9.95 4x6” [50]............................8.49 8.5x11” [100].....................8.95 Dupont Proofing Glossy 11x14” [50]......................22.95 8.3x11.7” [20]....................9.95 8.3x11.7” [100]..................9.50 13x19” [100]..................249.95 Premium Glossy Premium Semigloss Photo Paper Glossy 4x6” [40]............................8.95 Premium Luster 8.3x11.7” [20]..................12.95 8.5x11” [20].......................8.50 4x6” [100]........................13.95 8.5x11” [50].....................29.95 11.7x16.5” [20]................41.95 8.5x11” [50].....................18.95 5x7” [20]............................6.95 Enhanced Matte 11.7x16.5” [50]................77.95 8.5x11” [100]...................25.95 8x10” [20]........................11.95 8.5x11” [50].....................13.95 13x19” [50]......................96.50 -
Lens Line Newsletter
Lens Line Newsletter April 2013 www.arundelcameraclub.org www.arundelcameraclub.org Contents 3 - 2012-2013 Schedule 4 - Club Announcements 5 - Dolphy & Dick’s Wedding 6 - Camera For Sale 7 - March Digital Competition Results 9 - March Monochrome Competition Results 11 - March Color Competition Results 13 - March Slide Competition Results 14 - Club Officers & POCs 15 - Club Information On the Cover: The cover image “Pregnancy” was taken by club member Bob Miller and won 2nd place in March’s Unlimited Digital competition. On This Page: The image above “Falling Slowly” was taken by club member Chuck Gallegos and placed 4th in March’s Unlimited Color Print competition. Copyright info: All Rights Reserved to the images in this newsletter by the respective photographers. www.arundelcameraclub.org 2012-2013 Schedule July 2012 January 2013 7 Field Trip – Tuckahoe Steam and Gas Annual Show 2 Program - Steven Rosenbach – New York Photography 9 Contest - Digital and Monochrome Prints Open August 12 Field Trip – U.S. Botanical Garden 18 Field Trip – Flying Circus and Balloon Festival 16 Tabletop Night/Macro 19 Summer Picnic – Jackie Colestock’s 23 Contest - Slides and Color Prints Open September 30 Program – John Milleker – Wet Plate Photography live demonstration 5 Club Year Intro February 12 Show and Tell 6 Program – Steve Gottlieb – 46 Things to Think About BEFORE You Press 19 Contest – Digital, Slide, Monochrome & Color Prints Open the Shutter….Part II 26 No Meeting – Yom Kippur – School Closed 13 Contest - Digital and Monochrome Prints Macro 29 Field Trip – Gettysburg 20 Program – David Blecman – The Business of Professional Photography 30 Club Exhibit – North County Library – Setup 1:00pm 23 Field Trip – Bombay Hook & Prime Hook October 27 Contest – Slides Open and Color Prints Macro 3 Program – Jeff Smallwood – Landscapes Planned and Unplanned. -
KODAK MILESTONES 1879 - Eastman Invented an Emulsion-Coating Machine Which Enabled Him to Mass- Produce Photographic Dry Plates
KODAK MILESTONES 1879 - Eastman invented an emulsion-coating machine which enabled him to mass- produce photographic dry plates. 1880 - Eastman began commercial production of dry plates in a rented loft of a building in Rochester, N.Y. 1881 - In January, Eastman and Henry A. Strong (a family friend and buggy-whip manufacturer) formed a partnership known as the Eastman Dry Plate Company. ♦ In September, Eastman quit his job as a bank clerk to devote his full time to the business. 1883 - The Eastman Dry Plate Company completed transfer of operations to a four- story building at what is now 343 State Street, Rochester, NY, the company's worldwide headquarters. 1884 - The business was changed from a partnership to a $200,000 corporation with 14 shareowners when the Eastman Dry Plate and Film Company was formed. ♦ EASTMAN Negative Paper was introduced. ♦ Eastman and William H. Walker, an associate, invented a roll holder for negative papers. 1885 - EASTMAN American Film was introduced - the first transparent photographic "film" as we know it today. ♦ The company opened a wholesale office in London, England. 1886 - George Eastman became one of the first American industrialists to employ a full- time research scientist to aid in the commercialization of a flexible, transparent film base. 1888 - The name "Kodak" was born and the KODAK camera was placed on the market, with the slogan, "You press the button - we do the rest." This was the birth of snapshot photography, as millions of amateur picture-takers know it today. 1889 - The first commercial transparent roll film, perfected by Eastman and his research chemist, was put on the market. -
Kodak Magazine; Vol. 17; No. 3; June 1938
"LOW TIDE/ ' by Ronald E. Karley, of Camera Works. This picture, taken along the Thames, was among 229 hung in the Seventeenth Annual Spring Exhibition of the Kodak Camera Club of Rochester. Further pictures from the exhibition will be found on pages 8 and 9 , and inside the back cover IN THIS ISSUE George Eastman: Portrait of a Pioneer Page 1 The Editor's Page Page 10 From errand boy to photography's knight-erra nt Fifty years after; many- and costly Memorable Meeting at Kodak P age 2 Highlights of Kodak International Exhibit Page 11 A picture of two famous inventors Fresh from its tour of sixteen cities The Oldest Stockholder; Oldest Employee Page 3 Activities Calendar Page 11 They tell of the early Kodak days The dates and the data Panorama Page 4 Out of the Hat Page 12 From our own watchtower Cartoonist; sailoT; old-timer Take a Trip Through Kodak Tracts Page 5 Market Day in Erongaricuaro Page 13 A look at the Company's home-building projects A picture from old M exico Advertising's Part in Kodak Progress Page 6 A Year's Roll of Retired Kodak Employees Page 15 Wheels hum when their products are wanted From Rochester, Chicago, and Los Angele.s Pictures from the Annual Spring Exhibition Page 8 "Along the Potomac" Inside Back Cover ... of the Kodak Camera Club of Rochester In the photograph gallery Copyright , 1938 Kodak C ompa ny Volume 17 JUNE 1938 Numbe r 3 George Eastman: Portrait of a Pioneer How an Errand Boy Became The at the bank went on as usual. -
Triplet Design Following Geary's Procedure
Optical System Design – S15 Triplets Triplet Design Following Geary’s Procedure (J. M. Geary, Intro. To Lens Design with Practical Zemax Examples, ch. 30, Willman-Bell, 2002) 1) For “rear half” = rear positive equi-convex element & plano-concave negative element, with the aperture stop located at the plano surface, Use equations from ch. 28 to calculate powers (half power for negative element) and lens separation. 1 2 3 4 2) Insert thin-lens solution into Zemax, add realistic thicknesses, and optimize with EFFL = desired EFL value and AXCL = 0 (variables on lens separation and curvatures of surface 2 & 3, with surface 4 slaved to 3. 3) Minimize spherical through lens bending. Let surfaces 2 and 3 vary (4 slaved to 3), but maintain the power of each element by holding EFLY equal to the initial value. Allow the airspace to vary over a reasonably limited range. 4) Add field angle (typically ~ 5°) and aperture stop value. Add COMA and ASTI to the merit function editor, turn off the EFLYs (weight = 0), and vary curvatures 2, 3 and the airspace to minimize astigmatism (weight = 0 for COMA, weight = 1 for ASTI). Use FCGT once for each field angle. Leave COMA to be dealt with through symmetry. 5) Slave the back half to the “front half” = front positive equi-convex & concave-plano negative elements (AS between plano surfaces). 6) Run initial optimization using EFFL = target value and AXCL = 0. Activate TRAC, set variables on positive-element surfaces and separations, and optimize iteratively (increase field if needed). 7) Unslave front & back halves and optimize to obtain best performance (often move stop outside).