92 Subpart—Imported Fire

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

92 Subpart—Imported Fire § 301.80–9 7 CFR Ch. III (1–1–04 Edition) Act (7 U.S.C. 7714, 7731, and 7754), in ac- requirements of this subpart and may cordance with instructions issued by be moved interstate to any destination. the Deputy Administrator. Compliance agreement. A written [35 FR 10553, June 30, 1970, as amended at 36 agreement between APHIS and a per- FR 24917, Dec. 24, 1971; 41 FR 27374, July 2, son engaged in growing, handling, or 1976; 66 FR 21052, Apr. 27, 2001] moving regulated articles that are moved interstate, in which the person § 301.80–9 Movement of witchweed. agrees to comply with the provisions of Regulations requiring a permit for, this subpart and any conditions im- and otherwise governing the movement posed under this subpart. of witchweed in interstate or foreign Imported fire ant. Living imported fire commerce are contained in the Federal ants of the species Solenopsis invicta plant pest regulations in part 330 of Buren and Solenopsis richteri Forel, and this chapter. Applications for permits hybrids of these species. for the movement of the pest may be Infestation (infested). The presence of made to the Deputy Administrator. an imported fire ant queen or a repro- ducing colony of imported fire ants, ex- [35 FR 10553, June 30, 1970, as amended at 36 cept that on grass sod and plants with FR 24917, Dec. 24, 1971] roots and soil attached, an infestation is the presence of any life form of the § 301.80–10 Nonliability of the Depart- ment. imported fire ant. Inspector. An APHIS employee or The U.S. Department of Agriculture other person authorized by the Admin- disclaims liability for any costs inci- istrator to enforce the provisions of dent to inspections or compliance with this subpart. the provisions of the quarantine and Interstate. From any State into or regulations in this subpart, other than through any other State. for the services of the inspector. Limited permit. A document in which [35 FR 10553, June 30, 1970, as amended at 36 an inspector affirms that a specified FR 24917, Dec. 24, 1971] regulated article not eligible for a cer- tificate is eligible for interstate move- Subpart—Imported Fire Ant ment only to a specified destination and in accordance with conditions specified on the permit. SOURCE: 57 FR 57327, Dec. 4, 1992, unless otherwise noted. Movement (moved). The act of ship- ping, transporting, delivering, or re- QUARANTINE AND REGULATIONS ceiving for movement, or otherwise aiding, abetting, inducing or causing to § 301.81 Restrictions on interstate be moved. movement of regulated articles. Noncompacted soil. Soil that can be No person may move interstate from removed from an article by brisk any quarantined area any regulated ar- brushing or washing with water under ticle except in accordance with this normal city water pressure (at least 4 subpart. gallons per minute at 40 to 50 pounds per square inch through a 1⁄2-inch ori- § 301.81–1 Definitions. fice). Administrator. The Administrator, Person. Any association, company, Animal and Plant Health Inspection corporation, firm, individual, joint Service, or any person authorized to stock company, partnership, society, act for the Administrator. or any other legal entity. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Reproducing colony. A combination of Service. The Animal and Plant Health one or more imported fire ant workers Inspection Service of the U.S. Depart- and one or more of the following imma- ment of Agriculture (APHIS). ture imported fire ant forms: Eggs, lar- Certificate. A document in which an vae, or pupae. inspector or a person operating under a Soil. Any non-liquid combination of compliance agreement affirms that a organic and/or inorganic material in specified regulated article meets the which plants can grow. 92 VerDate jul<14>2003 09:51 Jan 16, 2004 Jkt 203015 PO 00000 Frm 00092 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\203015T.XXX 203015T Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA § 301.81–3 Soil-moving equipment. Equipment (1) The State has adopted and is en- used for moving or transporting soil, forcing restrictions on the intrastate including, but not limited to, bull- movement of the regulated articles dozers, dump trucks, or road scrapers. listed in § 301.81–2 that are equivalent State. The District of Columbia, Puer- to the interstate movement restric- to Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, tions imposed by this subpart; and or any State, territory, or possession of (2) Designating less than the entire the United States. State as a quarantined area will pre- vent the spread of the imported fire § 301.81–2 Regulated articles. ant. The following are regulated articles: (c) The Administrator may include (a) Imported fire ant queens and re- uninfested acreage within a quar- producing colonies of imported fire antined area due to its proximity to an ants.1 infestation or inseparability from the (b) Soil,2 separately or with other ar- infested locality for quarantine pur- ticles, except potting soil that is poses, as determined by: shipped in original containers in which (1) Projections of spread of imported the soil was placed after commercial fire ant around the periphery of the in- preparation. festation, as determined by previous (c) Baled hay and baled straw stored years’ surveys; in direct contact with the ground; (2) Availability of natural habitats (d) Plants and sod with roots and soil and host materials, within the attached, except plants maintained in- uninfested acreage, suitable for estab- doors in a home or office environment lishment and survival of imported fire and not for sale; ant populations; and (e) Used soil-moving equipment, un- (3) Necessity of including uninfested less removed of all noncompacted soil; acreage within the quarantined area in and order to establish readily identifiable (f) Any other article or means of con- boundaries. veyance when: (d) The Administrator or an inspec- (1) An inspector determines that it tor may temporarily designate any presents a risk of spread of the im- nonquarantined area as a quarantined ported fire ant due to its proximity to area in accordance with the criteria an infestation of the imported fire ant; specified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) and of this section. The Administrator will (2) The person in possession of the give written notice of this designation product, article, or means of convey- to the owner or person in possession of ance has been notified that it is regu- the nonquarantined area, or, in the lated under this subpart. case of publicly owned land, to the per- (Approved by the Office of Management and son responsible for the management of Budget under control number 0579–0102) the nonquarantined area; thereafter, [57 FR 57327, Dec. 4, 1992, as amended at 59 the interstate movement of any regu- FR 67133, Dec. 29, 1994] lated article from an area temporarily designated as a quarantined area is § 301.81–3 Quarantined areas. subject to this subpart. As soon as (a) The Administrator will quar- practicable, this area either will be antine each State or each portion of a added to the list of designated quar- State that is infested. antined areas in paragraph (e) of this (b) Less than an entire State will be section, or the Administrator will ter- listed as a quarantined area only if the minate the designation. The owner or Administrator determines that: person in possession of, or, in the case of publicly owned land, the person re- sponsible for the management of, an 1 Permit and other requirements for the area for which the designation is ter- interstate movement of imported fire ants minated will be given written notice of are contained in part 330 of this chapter. 2 The movement of soil from Puerto Rico is the termination as soon as practicable. subject to additional provisions in part 330 of (e) The areas described below are des- this chapter. ignated as quarantined areas: 93 VerDate jul<14>2003 09:51 Jan 16, 2004 Jkt 203015 PO 00000 Frm 00093 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\203015T.XXX 203015T § 301.81–3 7 CFR Ch. III (1–1–04 Edition) ALABAMA vard; then east along Artesia Boulevard to the point of beginning. The entire State. That portion of Los Angeles County in the ARKANSAS Azusa area bounded by a line beginning at the intersection of Irwindale Avenue and Ashley County. The entire county. Foothill Boulevard; then east along Foothill Bradley County. The entire county. Boulevard to Azusa Avenue; then south Calhoun County. The entire county. along Azusa Avenue to East Fifth Street; Chicot County. The entire county. then east along East Fifth Street to North Clark County. The entire county. Cerritos Avenue; then south along North Cleveland County. The entire county. Cerritos Avenue to Arrow Highway; then Columbia County. The entire county. west along Arrow Highway to Azusa Avenue, Dallas County. The entire county. then south along Azusa Avenue to Covina Desha County. The entire county. Boulevard; then west along an imaginary Drew County. The entire county. line to the intersection of Martinez Street Faulkner County. That portion of the and Irwindale Avenue; then north along county lying south of a line beginning at the Irwindale Avenue to the point of beginning. intersection of Interstate 40 and the Faulk- Orange County. The entire county. ner/Conway County line; then southeast on Riverside County. That portion of River- Interstate 40 to U.S. Highway 64; then east side County in the Indio area bounded by a on U.S. Highway 64 to the Faulkner/White line beginning at the intersection of Avenue County line. 50 and Jackson Street; then south along Garland County. The entire county. Jackson Street to 54th Avenue; then west Grant County.
Recommended publications
  • Historical Perspectives on Apple Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Insecticidal Chemistries
    Historical Perspectives on Apple Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Insecticidal Chemistries. Peter Jentsch Extension Associate Department of Entomology Cornell University's Hudson Valley Lab 3357 Rt. 9W; PO box 727 Highland, NY 12528 email: [email protected] Phone 845-691-7151 Mobile: 845-417-7465 http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/faculty/jentsch/ 2 Historical Perspectives on Fruit Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Chemistries. by Peter Jentsch I. Historical Use of Pesticides in Apple Production Overview of Apple Production and Pest Management Prior to 1940 Synthetic Pesticide Development and Use II. Influences Changing the Pest Management Profile in Apple Production Chemical Residues in Early Insect Management Historical Chemical Regulation Recent Regulation Developments Changing Pest Management Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 The Science Behind The Methodology Pesticide Revisions – Requirements For New Registrations III. Resistance of Insect Pests to Insecticides Resistance Pest Management Strategies IV. Reduced Risk Chemistries: New Modes of Action and the Insecticide Treadmill Fermentation Microbial Products Bt’s, Abamectins, Spinosads Juvenile Hormone Analogs Formamidines, Juvenile Hormone Analogs And Mimics Insect Growth Regulators Azadirachtin, Thiadiazine Neonicotinyls Major Reduced Risk Materials: Carboxamides, Carboxylic Acid Esters, Granulosis Viruses, Diphenyloxazolines, Insecticidal Soaps, Benzoyl Urea Growth Regulators, Tetronic Acids, Oxadiazenes , Particle Films, Phenoxypyrazoles, Pyridazinones, Spinosads, Tetrazines , Organotins, Quinolines. 3 I Historical Use of Pesticides in Apple Production Overview of Apple Production and Pest Management Prior to 1940 The apple has a rather ominous origin. Its inception is framed in the biblical text regarding the genesis of mankind. The backdrop appears to be the turbulent setting of what many scholars believe to be present day Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • INDEX to PESTICIDE TYPES and FAMILIES and PART 180 TOLERANCE INFORMATION of PESTICIDE CHEMICALS in FOOD and FEED COMMODITIES
    US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs INDEX to PESTICIDE TYPES and FAMILIES and PART 180 TOLERANCE INFORMATION of PESTICIDE CHEMICALS in FOOD and FEED COMMODITIES Note: Pesticide tolerance information is updated in the Code of Federal Regulations on a weekly basis. EPA plans to update these indexes biannually. These indexes are current as of the date indicated in the pdf file. For the latest information on pesticide tolerances, please check the electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) at http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_07/40cfrv23_07.html 1 40 CFR Type Family Common name CAS Number PC code 180.163 Acaricide bridged diphenyl Dicofol (1,1-Bis(chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol) 115-32-2 10501 180.198 Acaricide phosphonate Trichlorfon 52-68-6 57901 180.259 Acaricide sulfite ester Propargite 2312-35-8 97601 180.446 Acaricide tetrazine Clofentezine 74115-24-5 125501 180.448 Acaricide thiazolidine Hexythiazox 78587-05-0 128849 180.517 Acaricide phenylpyrazole Fipronil 120068-37-3 129121 180.566 Acaricide pyrazole Fenpyroximate 134098-61-6 129131 180.572 Acaricide carbazate Bifenazate 149877-41-8 586 180.593 Acaricide unclassified Etoxazole 153233-91-1 107091 180.599 Acaricide unclassified Acequinocyl 57960-19-7 6329 180.341 Acaricide, fungicide dinitrophenol Dinocap (2, 4-Dinitro-6-octylphenyl crotonate and 2,6-dinitro-4- 39300-45-3 36001 octylphenyl crotonate} 180.111 Acaricide, insecticide organophosphorus Malathion 121-75-5 57701 180.182 Acaricide, insecticide cyclodiene Endosulfan 115-29-7 79401
    [Show full text]
  • 4. Chemical and Physical Information
    PYRETHRINS AND PYRETHROIDS 131 4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION 4.1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY The naturally-occurring pyrethrins, extracted from chrysanthemum flowers, are esters of chrysanthemic acid (Pyrethrin I, Cinerin I, and Jasmolin I) and esters of pyrethric acid (Pyrethrin II, Cinerin II, and Jasmolin II). In the United States, the pyrethrum extract is standardized as 45–55% w/w total pyrethrins. The typical proportion of Pyrethrins I to II is 0.2:2.8, while the ratio of pyrethrins:cinerins:jasmolins is 71:21:7 (Tomlin 1997). Information regarding the chemical identity of the pyrethrins is presented in Table 4-1. Pyrethroids are synthetic esters derived from the naturally-occurring pyrethrins. One exception to the axiom that all pyrethroids are esters of carboxylic acids is noteworthy. There is a group of oxime ethers that exhibits insecticidal activity similar in nature to the pyrethrins and pyrethroid esters (Davies 1985). Little data exist regarding these compounds, and no commercial products have been produced. Commercially available pyrethroids include allethrin, bifenthrin, bioresmethrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate (fenvalerate), flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate, fenpropathrin, permethrin, phenothrin, resmethrin, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, and tralomethrin. Information regarding the chemical identity of pyrethroids is shown in Table 4-2. With the exception of deltamethrin, pyrethroids are a complex mixture of isomers rather than one single pure compound. For pyrethroids possessing the cyclopropane moiety, isomerism about the cyclopropane ring greatly influences the toxicity of these insecticides. The presence of two chiral centers in the ring results in two pairs of diastereomers. The diastereomers and their nonsuperimposable mirror images (enantiomers) are illustrated in Figure 4-1.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. EPA, Pesticides, Label, TEFLUTHRIN TECHNICAL, 7/19
    \09-lo\S- 0)-1'1-2, J}!) UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 OFFICE OF PREVENTION, PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES July 19,2010 Pat Dinnen Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. P.O. Box 18300 Greensboro, NC 27419 Subject: Label Notification(s) for Pesticide Registration Notice 2007-4 Amending the Storage and Disposal Language Dear Pat Dinnen: The Agency is in receipt of your Application(s) for Pesticide Notification under Pesticide Registration Notice PRN 2007-4 dated June 22,2010 for the following product(s): Fenoxycarb Technical EPA Reg. No.1 00-723 Cypermethrin Technical EPA Reg. No. 100-989 Tefluthrin Technical EPA Reg. No. 100-1015 Lambda-Cyhalothrin Manufacturing CS EPA Reg. No. 100-1107 Lufenuron Techincal EPA Reg. No. 100-1175 Lambda-Cyhalothrin 250 CS MUP EPA Reg. No. 100-1251 Cypermethrin 250EC MUP EPA Reg. No. 100-1301 The Registration Division (RD) has conducted a review of this request for applicability under PRN 2007-4 and finds that the label change(s) requested falls within the scope of PRN-98-10. The label has been date-stamped "Notification" and will be placed in our records. Please be reminded that 40 CFR Part 156. 140(a)(4) requires that a batch code, lot niImber, or other code identifying the batch of the pesticide distributed and sold be placed on nomefillable containers. The code may appear either on the label (and can be added by non-notificationlPR Notice 98-10) or durably marked on the container itself. If you have any questions, please contact Regina Foushee'-Smith at 703-605-0780.
    [Show full text]
  • AP-42, CH 9.2.2: Pesticide Application
    9.2.2PesticideApplication 9.2.2.1General1-2 Pesticidesaresubstancesormixturesusedtocontrolplantandanimallifeforthepurposesof increasingandimprovingagriculturalproduction,protectingpublichealthfrompest-bornediseaseand discomfort,reducingpropertydamagecausedbypests,andimprovingtheaestheticqualityofoutdoor orindoorsurroundings.Pesticidesareusedwidelyinagriculture,byhomeowners,byindustry,andby governmentagencies.Thelargestusageofchemicalswithpesticidalactivity,byweightof"active ingredient"(AI),isinagriculture.Agriculturalpesticidesareusedforcost-effectivecontrolofweeds, insects,mites,fungi,nematodes,andotherthreatstotheyield,quality,orsafetyoffood.Theannual U.S.usageofpesticideAIs(i.e.,insecticides,herbicides,andfungicides)isover800millionpounds. AiremissionsfrompesticideusearisebecauseofthevolatilenatureofmanyAIs,solvents, andotheradditivesusedinformulations,andofthedustynatureofsomeformulations.Mostmodern pesticidesareorganiccompounds.EmissionscanresultdirectlyduringapplicationorastheAIor solventvolatilizesovertimefromsoilandvegetation.Thisdiscussionwillfocusonemissionfactors forvolatilization.Thereareinsufficientdataavailableonparticulateemissionstopermitemission factordevelopment. 9.2.2.2ProcessDescription3-6 ApplicationMethods- Pesticideapplicationmethodsvaryaccordingtothetargetpestandtothecroporothervalue tobeprotected.Insomecases,thepesticideisapplieddirectlytothepest,andinotherstothehost plant.Instillothers,itisusedonthesoilorinanenclosedairspace.Pesticidemanufacturershave developedvariousformulationsofAIstomeetboththepestcontrolneedsandthepreferred
    [Show full text]
  • Fate and Transport of Furrow-Applied Granular Tefluthrin and Seed-Coated
    Ecotoxicology (2017) 26:876–888 DOI 10.1007/s10646-017-1818-z Fate and transport of furrow-applied granular tefluthrin and seed- coated clothianidin insecticides: Comparison of field-scale observations and model estimates 1 1 1,2 Kara E. Huff Hartz ● Tracye M. Edwards ● Michael J. Lydy Accepted: 17 May 2017 / Published online: 30 May 2017 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017 Abstract The transport of agricultural insecticides to water varied by a factor of 100 for tefluthrin and 50 for clothia- bodies may create risk of exposure to non-target organisms. nidin depending on the application method used. The Similarly, widespread use of furrow-applied and seed- addition of guttation droplets and particulate matter to the coated insecticides may increase risk of exposure, yet model increased the annual clothianidin concentration in a accessible exposure models are not easily adapted for fur- standard farm pond by a factor of 1.5, which suggested that row application, and only a few examples of model vali- these transport routes should also be considered when dation of furrow-applied insecticides exist using actual field assessing neonicotinoid exposure. data. The goal of the current project was to apply an exposure model, the Pesticide in Water Calculator (PWC), Keywords Furrow-applied insecticides ● Seed coating ● to estimate the concentrations of two in-furrow insecticides Exposure model ● Clothianidin ● Tefluthrin applied to maize: the granular pyrethroid, tefluthrin, and the seed-coated neonicotinoid, clothianidin. The concentrations of tefluthrin and clothianidin in surface runoff water, sam- pled from a field in central Illinois (USA), were compared to the PWC modeled pesticide concentrations in surface Introduction runoff.
    [Show full text]
  • Pesticides and Toxic Substances
    UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON D.C., 20460 OFFICE OF PREVENTION, PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES MEMORANDUM DATE: July 31, 2006 SUBJECT: Finalization of Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides, and Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the Organophosphate Pesticides FROM: Debra Edwards, Director Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs TO: Jim Jones, Director Office of Pesticide Programs As you know, EPA has completed its assessment of the cumulative risks from the organophosphate (OP) class of pesticides as required by the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. In addition, the individual OPs have also been subject to review through the individual- chemical review process. The Agency’s review of individual OPs has resulted in the issuance of Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) for 22 OPs, interim Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management Decisions (TREDs) for 8 OPs, and a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for one OP, malathion.1 These 31 OPs are listed in Appendix A. EPA has concluded, after completing its assessment of the cumulative risks associated with exposures to all of the OPs, that: (1) the pesticides covered by the IREDs that were pending the results of the OP cumulative assessment (listed in Attachment A) are indeed eligible for reregistration; and 1 Malathion is included in the OP cumulative assessment. However, the Agency has issued a RED for malathion, rather than an IRED, because the decision was signed on the same day as the completion of the OP cumulative assessment.
    [Show full text]
  • FY 2009-2012 Registration Review Schedule Summary
    Registration Review: Summary of Planned Schedule for Opening Registration Review Dockets by Fiscal Year 2009 to 2012 December 15, 2008 EPA Office of Pesticide Programs: Registration Review Schedule Summary 12-15-08 Update Planned Schedule for Opening Registration Review Dockets by Fiscal Year (Oct. 1 - Sept. 30) FY 2009 Dockets FY 2010 Dockets FY 2011 Dockets FY 2012 Dockets (Actuals - Reviews Initiated) CONVENTIONAL PESTICIDES Acephate OP Aldicarb CA Ethalfluralin DN Benfluralin DN Azinphos-Methyl OP Aldoxycarb CA Oryzalin DN Butralin DN Chlorethoxyfos OP Carbaryl CA Prodiamine DN Pendimethalin DN Chlorpyrifos OP Carbofuran CA Fenvalerate PPS Trifluralin DN DDVP OP Formetanate HCl CA gamma Cyhalothrin PPS Acetamiprid NN DEF OP Methiocarb CA Imiprothrin PPS Clothianidin NN Dimethoate OP Methomyl CA lambda-Cyhalothrin PPS Dinotefuran NN Disulfoton OP Oxamyl CA Permethrin PPS Nitrapyrin NN Ethoprop OP Pirimicarb CA Piperonyl butoxide PPS Thiacloprid NN Fenitrothion OP Propoxur CA Tau-fluvalinate PPS Thiamethoxam NN Fosthiazate OP Thiodicarb CA Bensulfuron SU Cypermethrin PPS Malathion OP Copper Compounds: Group 2 CU Chlorimuron SU MGK-264 PPS Methamidophos OP Copper Salts CU Metsulfuron SU Prallethrin PPS Methidathion OP Copper Sulfate CU Sulfosulfuron SU Pyrethrin and derivatives PPS Methyl-Parathion OP 1RS, cis-Permethrin PPS Thifensulfuron SU Resmethrin PPS Mevinphos OP Allethrin stereoisomers PPS Tribenuron SU Sumethrin PPS Naled OP Bifenthrin PPS 2-Hydroxyethyl octyl sulfide Tefluthrin PPS Phorate OP Cyfluthrins PPS Ancymidol Tetramethrin
    [Show full text]
  • AP-42, Vol. 1, Final Background Document for Pesticide Application
    Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42 Section 9.2.2 Pesticide Application Final Report For U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Emission Inventory Branch EPA Contract No. 68-D2-0159 Work Assignment No. I-08 MRI Project No. 4601-08 September 1994 Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42 Section 9.2.2 Pesticide Application Final Report For U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Emission Inventory Branch Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Attn: Mr. Dallas Safriet (MD-14) Emission Factor and Methodology EPA Contract No. 68-D2-0159 Work Assignment No. I-08 MRI Project No. 4601-08 September 1994 NOTICE The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. 68-D2-0159 to Midwest Research Institute. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. iii iv PREFACE This report was prepared by Midwest Research Institute (MRI) for the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), under Contract No. 68-D2-0159, Assignment No. 005 and I-08. Mr. Dallas Safriet was the EPA work assignment manager for this project. Approved for: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE Roy M. Neulicht Program Manager Environmental Engineering Department Jeff Shular Director, Environmental Engineering Department September 29, 1994 v vi CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ................................................ viii LIST OF TABLES ................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Prohibited and Restricted Pesticides List Fair Trade USA® Agricultural Production Standard Version 1.1.0
    Version 1.1.0 Prohibited and Restricted Pesticides List Fair Trade USA® Agricultural Production Standard Version 1.1.0 Introduction Through the implementation of our standards, Fair Trade USA aims to promote sustainable livelihoods and safe working conditions, protection of the environment, and strong, transparent supply chains.. Our standards work to limit negative impacts on communities and the environment. All pesticides can be potentially hazardous to human health and the environment, both on the farm and in the community. They can negatively affect the long-term sustainability of agricultural livelihoods. The Fair Trade USA Agricultural Production Standard (APS) seeks to minimize these risks from pesticides by restricting the use of highly hazardous pesticides and enhancing the implementation of risk mitigation practices for lower risk pesticides. This approach allows greater flexibility for producers, while balancing controls on impacts to human and environmental health. This document lists the pesticides that are prohibited or restricted in the production of Fair Trade CertifiedTM products, as required in Objective 4.4.2 of the APS. It also includes additional rules for the use of restricted pesticides. Purpose The purpose of this document is to outline the rules which prohibit or restrict the use of hazardous pesticides in the production of Fair Trade Certified agricultural products. Scope • The Prohibited and Restricted Pesticides List (PRPL) applies to all crops certified against the Fair Trade USA Agricultural Production Standard (APS). • Restrictions outlined in this list apply to active ingredients in any pesticide used by parties included in the scope of the Certificate while handling Fair Trade Certified products.
    [Show full text]
  • Household Insects – Homeowners ` CAUTION: All Insecticides Are Toxic to Some Degree; Therefore, Care Should Be Exercised in Their Use
    Household Insects – Homeowners ` CAUTION: All insecticides are toxic to some degree; therefore, care should be exercised in their use. The manufacturer’s directions on the label in the use of the material must be followed explicitly. Insect Threats Insecticides and Treatment* Remarks Ants Feed on foods and Baits (active ingredient and Remove food and clean up the area. Place (several may damage product): bait where ants occur or congregate. May species) clothing; may also sodium tetraborate decahydrate use several different baits at the same time sting, causing severe (Amdro Kills Ants Liquid Bait, Terro to discover one that ants will consume. reaction to some Liquid Ant Baits); Care should be taken not to contaminate people. hydramethylnon (Amdro Kills Ants foodstuffs. Also treat nests in yard. Follow Bait Stations and Stakes); label. orthoboric acid (Terro Perimeter Ant Bait); fipronil (Combat Max Ant Killing Bait Stations and Gel); abamectin (Raid Max Double Control Ant Baits, Raid Ant Baits III); dinotefuran (Hot Shot Ultra Clear Roach & Ant Gel Bait, Hot Shot Ultra Liquid Ant Bait); spinosad (Ortho Home Defense Liquid Ant Bait); thiamethoxam (Raid Precision Placement Ant Bait Gel) Crack and crevices: Follow label. prallethrin, esfenvalerate, pyrethrins, pyrethrum, permethrin, tetra- methrin, phenothrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin Indoor space: prallethrin, esfenvalerate, pyrethrins, pyrethrum, permethrin, tetramethrin, phenothrin, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin Outdoor barrier: prallethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, malathion, carbaryl Outdoor broadcast: hydramethylnon, pyriproxyfen, beta-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, malathion, carbaryl *Labels on insecticides should state “material may be used in the household” and should be registered by the EPA for that purpose. Household Insects – Homeowners ` CAUTION: All insecticides are toxic to some degree; therefore, care should be exercised in their use.
    [Show full text]
  • Pesticide Resistance in Bed Bugs Everywhere!!!!!
    2/24/2018 Pesticide Resistance in Bed bugs were virtually eradicated from the U.S. in Bed Bugs the post WWII era due to DDT and other powerful Shujuan (Lucy) Li insecticides. University of Arizona Alvaro Romero New Mexico State University 2 By the 1960s, bed bugs had developed resistance Public housing Apartments to DDT, methoxychlor and analogues, BHC, Schools dieldrin and analogues , and pyrethrins ( Busvine 1958, Hospitals Nursing homes Cwilich & Mer 1957, Mallis and Miller 1964 ) . Homes Transportation Child care Medical facilities Hotels & motels Health care facilities Airports Movie theaters Department stores Products, vendors, or commercial services mentioned or pictured in this seminar are for Everywhere!!!!! illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be endorsements. 3 4 University of Arizona; Arizona Pest Management Center 1 2/24/2018 Possible reasons for treatment failure? Missed some Clutter Reintroduction Have you seen these after treatments? 5 6 Dose - response assays for field - collected strains Bed bugs survived direct insecticide sprays 99 deltamethrin 90 Ft. Dix F1 50 ) e l a c 10 s t CIN1 i b o 1.0 r p ( y t i l a t r 99 - cyhalothrin o m e 90 g a t n Resistance ratio (RR) at least 6,000 !!! e c Ft. Dix r 50 e P 10 CIN1 Suspend® ( Deltamethrin ) 1.0 10 -7 10 -6 10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 Treatment (mg active ingredient/cm 2 ) Products, vendors, or commercial services mentioned or pictured in this seminar are for illustrative purposes only and are not meant Romero et al.
    [Show full text]