DOCSLIB.ORG

The Reproductive Biology of the Great Pipefish Syngnathus Acus (Family: Syngnathidae) in the Aegean Sea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Reproductive Biology of the Great Pipefish Syngnathus Acus (Family: Syngnathidae) in the Aegean Sea North-Western Journal of Zoology Vol. 5, No. 1, 2009, pp.179-190 P-ISSN: 1584-9074, E-ISSN: 1843-5629 Article No.: 051118 The reproductive biology of the Great Pipefish Syngnathus acus (Family: Syngnathidae) in the Aegean Sea Sule GURKAN, Ertan TASKAVAK* and Belgin HOSSUCU Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, 35100 Bornova-İzmir, Tureky. * Corresponding author: E. Taşkavak, Tel: 00 90 232 3884000/1943; FAX: 00 90 232 3686714; E mail: [email protected] Abstract. With the aim of determining the reproductive characteristics and mating periods specific to Syngnathus acus, a study was carried out from December 2001 to November 2002 in the Camalti Lagoon (Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea). Study material consisted of 605 individuals that were captured using a beach seine in areas with vegetation. 43% (n=261) of the captured individuals were female, 25% (n=154) were male and 31% (n=190) were juveniles that were not sexually mature. The female-male ratio was 1:0.58. Mean total length values in females and males were 113.1 and 111.4 mm, respectively. The abundance of females carrying oocytes and of pregnant males of the species was observed between March-August 2002, coinciding with the period of relatively warmer water temperatures in that year. Gonadosomatic index (GSI %) analyses of females found that the reproductive period was between March- September. The relationship of egg/embryo number with total length in pregnant males and the total length-batch fecundity relation in females was statistically insignificant. We found that there were three groups of oocytes in the ovaries of females. Average oocyte diameter varied between 0.4-1.8 mm (developing 0.4-0.5mm, 0.7-0.8mm and 1-1.8mm hydrated oocyte group); thus, there were three spawning events during a year. The ratios of annual fecundity (mean: 65) and partial fecundity (mean: 28) data support this result (three spawning a year). Average hydrated oocyte number of females was 28, average egg number in the pouch of a male was 24, and average embryo number was 31. Average egg diameter in pregnant males was 1.42 mm (min:1, max:1.85); average length value of pre-larva and post-larvae was 8.91 mm (min:3, max:14.29) and 13.29 mm (min: 9.71 max:15.29). Key words: Great Pipefish, Syngnathus acus, Reproductive biology, Syngnathidae, Aegean Sea Introduction suitable for nutrition and sheltering (Polard 1984, Howard & Koehn 1985, Gurkan 2004). The genus Syngnathus, family Syngnathidae, Unlike other fish groups, members of is represented by five species (Syngnathus the family Syngnathidae have an unusual acus, S. typhle, S. abaster, S. tenurostris and S. reproduction strategy (Lyons & Dunne phylegon) in the Aegean coasts of Turkey 2005). In Syngnathus and Hippocampus ge- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002). Pipefish have a nus, males carry the eggs transferred from long and thin body structure, covered with females in their brood pouches (Wilson et bony scales, and are frequently dispersed in al. 2003, Monterio et al. 2005). In many pipe- lagoon areas which host sea-grass beds fish species, males carry eggs on the basis of ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2009 North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 www.herp-or.uv.ro/nwjz Oradea, Romania 180 Gurkan, S. et al. the capacity of their brood pouches duction biology of the species are insuffi- (Gasparini & Teixeira 1999); some of them cient. carry the eggs that are transferred from The purpose of this study is to deter- females in their abdomens by adhering mine sex ratio, reproduction time, number them in a special way, as in Nerophis genus of eggs and larva in the brood pouch of (Margonski 1990, Monterio et al. 2001, pregnant males, annual and batch fecundity Lyons & Dunne 2005). Polygamy is quite of females, so as to detect fecundity-length normal for many pipefish species and fe- relation and spawning number per year. males may involve in polygamy conti- nuously or successively (Berglund 1989, Vincent et al.1992, McCoy et al. 2001). For Materials and methods this reason, the females which continuously The sampling area was the Camalti Lagoon, located produce hydrated eggs tend to mate near the old mouth of the Gediz River (Fig. 1). The frequently due to their ovary structure benthic structure of this area is sandy, and the pebb- (Gasparini & Teixeira 1999). ly and seagrass vegetation (generally represented by Cymadocea uluavecea) is scarce. During the researches The Syngnathidae family typically carried out between December 2001 and November shows sexual role reversal (Rosenqvist 2002, a total of 605 Syngnathus acus individuals were 1993): the Syngnathus females depositing captured with beach seine (120 cm x 1200 cm), by their eggs in the brood pouch of the male searching the base for 15 minutes. The samplings (Berglund et al. 1988, Vincent et al. 1995, were carried out in areas with a water depth of less than 1.5 m starting from the coast. The captured Kvarnemo & Simmons 2004). This was samples were kept in solutions containing 10% observed also in Syngnathus acus males formalin for laboratory analysis. Fishes were (Gurkan 2004). After mating, the female has identified based on Whitehead et al. (1986). For the no further role (Berglund et al. 1986a,b, total length measurement of individuals (mm) we Ahnesjö 1992). The incubation period of the used a fish measuring board, while weight measure- ments were done with a scale having 0.01 gram eggs in the brood pouch of males varies sensitivity. We used t-test (Sumbuloglu & Sumbu- according to species (Lyons & Dune 2005). loglu 1993) in our search for statistical difference In the sympatric species S. typhle, this between male and female total length values. In period lasts 35-58 days depending on water order to study its effects on species abundance, temperature (Ahnesjö 1995). No relevant surface water temperature was measured with a WTW 340i/SET thermometer. literature is available for S. acus. The sex of captured individuals was identified In Turkey, information about the eco- by the pouch in males (Vincent et al. 1995), while logy, morphometric features, reproduction males without pouch and females were dissected on and nutrition of Syngnathus acus, Syngnathus their ventral part out to the anus, and gonads were typhle and Nerophis ophidion were provided analyzed in microscopic and macroscopic terms. The specimens with incomplete gonad development by Gurkan (2004). Gurkan & Taskavak were considered as immature. In addition to this, for (2007) provided the information on length- determining whether there is a statistical difference weight relationships for syngnathid fishes in sex condition of the species according to months, a of the Aegean Sea, Turkey. In addition, χ2 (chi-square) test was used (Sumbuloglu & Sumbu- Coker et al. (2001) carried out a pre-study loglu 1993). For gonadosomatic index, ovary weights of 107 on reproduction biology of S. acus species in females were taken and monthly gonadosomatic Izmir Bay. However, the studies on repro- index (GSI) values were calculated with the GSI: [Go- North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 Reproductive Biology of Great Pipefish Syngnathus acus 181 Figure 1. Map showing the location of sampling sites. nad weight (g) / body weight (g)]* 100 formula mm); “a” is the intersection point of the line in y axis (Cample & Able 1998). Fecundity was calculated by and “b” is the constant that gives the grade. gravimetric method (Hunter et al. 1985). The abundances of females carrying hydrated For annual fecundity, oocytes in III (corticol eggs, pregnant males (the ones whose pouch is filled alveoli), IV (vitellogenetic), V (maturing) and VI. with larvae or egg) and the males with empty (mature) development phases were evaluated pouches were evaluated separately in each month (Begovac & Wallace 1987). Phase I (oogonia) and (no individuals were observed in January, February phase II (primer oocyte) oocytes were considered as and September). the eggs of the next year and were not evaluated. For partial fecundity, only hydrated eggs from phase VI were evaluated and considered in spawn- Results ing number calculations (annual fecundity/ partial fecundity). In addition, egg/embryo number in pouch of According to the results obtained, 261 males was recorded and amount of multiple (43%) of 605 individuals were females, 154 spawning of female was determined. Oocyte (25%) were males, and 190 (31%) were diameters (long diameter), pr-e and post-larvae immature. The mean female:male adult sex lengths were measured using a binocular microscope ratio of captured specimens was 1:0.58. A having micrometric ocular with 10×4 magnification. To analyze the relationship between total length- significant difference was found between hydrated oocyte (O) in females and egg/embryo (E) the abundance of sexes according to the numbers in males, regression analysis was used expected values (χ2=14.84, p<0.05). (y=a+b x). In this equation, “y” refers to egg/embryo We found total length values of im- or larvae number and “x” refers to total length (TL, mature individuals between 39-118 mm; North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 182 Gurkan, S. et al. total length values of mature males as 61- (56%). Generally, the abundances of males 235 mm and total length of mature females with empty pouches, pregnant males and between 69-256 mm. We consider that hydrated-oocyte carrying females are con- minimal sexual maturity length was 69 mm sistent with each other. The results obtained in females and 61 mm in males (Table 1). from egg-carrying mature pipefish accord- In the monthly captures of S. acus in ing to average surface water temperatures Camalti Lagoon, no immature pipefish were are given in Figure 4. observed in February, March and April. According to these results, an increase in Thus, this result may give an idea that this water temperature increased the frequency species reaches sexual maturity in relatively of hydrated-oocyte carrying females and smaller size groups, i.e., relatively smaller pregnant males.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Article Evolutionary Dynamics of the OR Gene Repertoire in Teleost Fishes
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.09.434524; this version posted March 10, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Article Evolutionary dynamics of the OR gene repertoire in teleost fishes: evidence of an association with changes in olfactory epithelium shape Maxime Policarpo1, Katherine E Bemis2, James C Tyler3, Cushla J Metcalfe4, Patrick Laurenti5, Jean-Christophe Sandoz1, Sylvie Rétaux6 and Didier Casane*,1,7 1 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 2 NOAA National Systematics Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. 3Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20560, U.S.A. 4 Independent Researcher, PO Box 21, Nambour QLD 4560, Australia. 5 Université de Paris, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France 6 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur- Yvette, France. 7 Université de Paris, UFR Sciences du Vivant, F-75013 Paris, France. * Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]. !1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.09.434524; this version posted March 10, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Teleost fishes perceive their environment through a range of sensory modalities, among which olfaction often plays an important role.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Questions Concerning the Syngnathidae Brood Pouch
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 49(3): 741-747,1991 SOME QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE SYNGNATHIDAE BROOD POUCH Marie Y. Azzarello ABSTRACT For more than a century the physiological role of the Syngnathidae brood pouch has been the subject of scientific interest and debate. Some of the earliest investigators purported that the highly vascular brood pouch was physiologically adapted for the reception of fertilized eggs and for the sustenance of the embryos (i.e., a "pseudo-placenta"). Others posited that the brood pouch served as an osmoregulatory organ for the developing embryos. To determine whether the primary physiological role of the brood pouch is one of nutrition or osmoreg- ulation, Syngnathus scove/li embryos were removed from the brood pouch at different de- velopmental stages (4.0-13.0 mm TL), placed in sterilized, aerated, artificial seawater hyper- or iso-osmotic to the blood and pouch fluid, to which no nutritive substances were added. In hyperosmotic media 25.7% of the in vitro embryos completed their normal gestation versus 18.7% in iso-osmotic media. These results appear to indicate that the male Syng- nathidae brood pouch serves neither as the primary nutritional source nor as an osmotic buffer for the developing embryos after a length of 4.0 mm TL is achieved. Members of the Syngnathidae manifest atypical reproductive behavior and parental care. Reproduction is ovoviviparous with a complete reversal of the usual maternal and paternal brooding roles. Large telolecithal eggs produced by the female are fertilized by the male the moment they are deposited in his brood pouch. Embryos are then incubated throughout their entire gestation period, which varies depending upon genus and species, in the paternal brood pouch (Gill, 1905; Hubbs, 1943; Breder and Rosen, 1966).
    [Show full text]
  • THE FAMILY SYNGNATHIDAE (PISCES: SYNGNATHIFORMES) of Taiwanl
    Bull. Inst. Zool., Academia Sinica 22(1): 67-82 (1983) THE FAMILY SYNGNATHIDAE (PISCES: SYNGNATHIFORMES) OF TAIWANl SIN-CHE LEE Institlile of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan lI5t Republic of China (Received October 12, 1982) Sin-Che Lee (1983) The family Syngnathidae (Pisces: Syngnathiformes) of Tai­ wan. Bull. Inst. Zool., Academia Sinica 22(1): 67-82. A systematic review of the syn­ gnathid fishes found in the waters of Taiwan and its adjacent islands documents a total of 22 species in 16 genera. Among them,. Dunckerocampus dactyliophorus, Coelo­ notus liaspis, Halicampus koilomatodon, Microphis manadensis, Hippichthys heptagon us, H. spidfer, Syngnathus pelagicus, Corythoichthys f!avofasdatus, Solegnathus hardwickii, Haliichthys taeniophorous and Hippocampus erinaceus are new records for the Taiwan area. A family diagnosis. key to genera and species, brief synonyms, diagnosis, remarks and illustrations of each species are given. trimaculatus and both H. kelloggi and H. atteri­ The syngnathids including the pipefishes mus are synonyms of H. kuda. Solegnathus and seahorses are small fishes of tropical and guntheri and Syngnathus argyristictus are pro­ moderately warm temperate shallow coastal visionally removed from the list since no· data waters. Seahorses are more highly specialized are available. Thus only 8 valid species are than pipefishes but most seahorses are confined remained in Chen's list of Taiwan syngnathids. to marine waters and restricted to particular Neverthless, after a period of intensive collec­ habitat. On the other hand pipefishes have a tion the present author has found 13 addi­ wider distribution; they can tolerate greater fional species making a total 21 syngnathid temperature and salinity ranges.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Biology of the Opossum Pipefish, Microphis Brachyurus Lineatus, in Tecolutla Estuary, Veracruz, Mexico
    Gulf and Caribbean Research Volume 16 Issue 1 January 2004 Reproductive Biology of the Opossum Pipefish, Microphis brachyurus lineatus, in Tecolutla Estuary, Veracruz, Mexico Martha Edith Miranda-Marure Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Jose Antonio Martinez-Perez Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Nancy J. Brown-Peterson University of Southern Mississippi, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Miranda-Marure, M. E., J. A. Martinez-Perez and N. J. Brown-Peterson. 2004. Reproductive Biology of the Opossum Pipefish, Microphis brachyurus lineatus, in Tecolutla Estuary, Veracruz, Mexico. Gulf and Caribbean Research 16 (1): 101-108. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol16/iss1/17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.1601.17 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf and Caribbean Research by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Gulf and Caribbean Research Vol 16, 101–108, 2004 Manuscript received September 25, 2003; accepted December 12, 2003 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE OPOSSUM PIPEFISH, MICROPHIS BRACHYURUS LINEATUS, IN TECOLUTLA ESTUARY, VERACRUZ, MEXICO Martha Edith Miranda-Marure, José Antonio Martínez-Pérez, and Nancy J. Brown-Peterson1 Laboratorio de Zoología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala. Av., de los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, C.P. 05490 Mexico 1Department of Coastal Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, 703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA ABSTRACT The reproductive biology of the opossum pipefish, Microphis brachyurus lineatus, was investigated in Tecolutla estuary, Veracruz, Mexico, to determine sex ratio, size at maturity, gonadal and brood pouch histology, reproductive seasonality, and fecundity of this little-known syngnathid.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genome of the Gulf Pipefish Enables Understanding of Evolutionary Innovations C
    Small et al. Genome Biology (2016) 17:258 DOI 10.1186/s13059-016-1126-6 RESEARCH Open Access The genome of the Gulf pipefish enables understanding of evolutionary innovations C. M. Small1†, S. Bassham1†, J. Catchen1,2†, A. Amores3, A. M. Fuiten1, R. S. Brown1,4, A. G. Jones5 and W. A. Cresko1* Abstract Background: Evolutionary origins of derived morphologies ultimately stem from changes in protein structure, gene regulation, and gene content. A well-assembled, annotated reference genome is a central resource for pursuing these molecular phenomena underlying phenotypic evolution. We explored the genome of the Gulf pipefish (Syngnathus scovelli), which belongs to family Syngnathidae (pipefishes, seahorses, and seadragons). These fishes have dramatically derived bodies and a remarkable novelty among vertebrates, the male brood pouch. Results: We produce a reference genome, condensed into chromosomes, for the Gulf pipefish. Gene losses and other changes have occurred in pipefish hox and dlx clusters and in the tbx and pitx gene families, candidate mechanisms for the evolution of syngnathid traits, including an elongated axis and the loss of ribs, pelvic fins, and teeth. We measure gene expression changes in pregnant versus non-pregnant brood pouch tissue and characterize the genomic organization of duplicated metalloprotease genes (patristacins) recruited into the function of this novel structure. Phylogenetic inference using ultraconserved sequences provides an alternative hypothesis for the relationship between orders Syngnathiformes and Scombriformes. Comparisons of chromosome structure among percomorphs show that chromosome number in a pipefish ancestor became reduced via chromosomal fusions. Conclusions: The collected findings from this first syngnathid reference genome open a window into the genomic underpinnings of highly derived morphologies, demonstrating that de novo production of high quality and useful reference genomes is within reach of even small research groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Humboldt Bay Fishes
    Humboldt Bay Fishes ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> ·´¯`·._.·´¯`·.. ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> Acknowledgements The Humboldt Bay Harbor District would like to offer our sincere thanks and appreciation to the authors and photographers who have allowed us to use their work in this report. Photography and Illustrations We would like to thank the photographers and illustrators who have so graciously donated the use of their images for this publication. Andrey Dolgor Dan Gotshall Polar Research Institute of Marine Sea Challengers, Inc. Fisheries And Oceanography [email protected] [email protected] Michael Lanboeuf Milton Love [email protected] Marine Science Institute [email protected] Stephen Metherell Jacques Moreau [email protected] [email protected] Bernd Ueberschaer Clinton Bauder [email protected] [email protected] Fish descriptions contained in this report are from: Froese, R. and Pauly, D. Editors. 2003 FishBase. Worldwide Web electronic publication. http://www.fishbase.org/ 13 August 2003 Photographer Fish Photographer Bauder, Clinton wolf-eel Gotshall, Daniel W scalyhead sculpin Bauder, Clinton blackeye goby Gotshall, Daniel W speckled sanddab Bauder, Clinton spotted cusk-eel Gotshall, Daniel W. bocaccio Bauder, Clinton tube-snout Gotshall, Daniel W. brown rockfish Gotshall, Daniel W. yellowtail rockfish Flescher, Don american shad Gotshall, Daniel W. dover sole Flescher, Don stripped bass Gotshall, Daniel W. pacific sanddab Gotshall, Daniel W. kelp greenling Garcia-Franco, Mauricio louvar
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Protected Species Identification Guide
    Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Marine protected species identification guide June 2021 Fisheries Occasional Publication No. 129, June 2021. Prepared by K. Travaille and M. Hourston Cover: Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). Photo: Matthew Pember. Illustrations © R.Swainston/www.anima.net.au Bird images donated by Important disclaimer The Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development and the State of Western Australia accept no liability whatsoever by reason of negligence or otherwise arising from the use or release of this information or any part of it. Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Gordon Stephenson House 140 William Street PERTH WA 6000 Telephone: (08) 6551 4444 Website: dpird.wa.gov.au ABN: 18 951 343 745 ISSN: 1447 - 2058 (Print) ISBN: 978-1-877098-22-2 (Print) ISSN: 2206 - 0928 (Online) ISBN: 978-1-877098-23-9 (Online) Copyright © State of Western Australia (Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development), 2021. ii Marine protected species ID guide Contents About this guide �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1 Protected species legislation and international agreements 3 Reporting interactions ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������4 Marine mammals �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Relative size of cetaceans �������������������������������������������������������������������������5
    [Show full text]
  • A Checklist of the Fishes of the Monterey Bay Area Including Elkhorn Slough, the San Lorenzo, Pajaro and Salinas Rivers
    f3/oC-4'( Contributions from the Moss Landing Marine Laboratories No. 26 Technical Publication 72-2 CASUC-MLML-TP-72-02 A CHECKLIST OF THE FISHES OF THE MONTEREY BAY AREA INCLUDING ELKHORN SLOUGH, THE SAN LORENZO, PAJARO AND SALINAS RIVERS by Gary E. Kukowski Sea Grant Research Assistant June 1972 LIBRARY Moss L8ndillg ,\:Jrine Laboratories r. O. Box 223 Moss Landing, Calif. 95039 This study was supported by National Sea Grant Program National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration United States Department of Commerce - Grant No. 2-35137 to Moss Landing Marine Laboratories of the California State University at Fresno, Hayward, Sacramento, San Francisco, and San Jose Dr. Robert E. Arnal, Coordinator , ·./ "':., - 'I." ~:. 1"-"'00 ~~ ~~ IAbm>~toriesi Technical Publication 72-2: A GI-lliGKL.TST OF THE FISHES OF TtlE MONTEREY my Jl.REA INCLUDING mmORH SLOUGH, THE SAN LCRENZO, PAY-ARO AND SALINAS RIVERS .. 1&let~: Page 14 - A1estria§.·~iligtro1ophua - Stone cockscomb - r-m Page 17 - J:,iparis'W10pus." Ribbon' snailt'ish - HE , ,~ ~Ei 31 - AlectrlQ~iu.e,ctro1OphUfi- 87-B9 . .', . ': ". .' Page 31 - Ceb1diehtlrrs rlolaCewi - 89 , Page 35 - Liparis t!01:f-.e - 89 .Qhange: Page 11 - FmWulns parvipin¢.rl, add: Probable misidentification Page 20 - .BathopWuBt.lemin&, change to: .Mhgghilu§. llemipg+ Page 54 - Ji\mdJ11ui~~ add: Probable. misidentifioation Page 60 - Item. number 67, authOr should be .Hubbs, Clark TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 AREA OF COVERAGE 1 METHODS OF LITERATURE SEARCH 2 EXPLANATION OF CHECKLIST 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4 TABLE 1
    [Show full text]
  • (Teleostei: Syngnathidae: Hippocampinae) from The
    Disponible en ligne sur www.sciencedirect.com Annales de Paléontologie 98 (2012) 131–151 Original article The first known fossil record of pygmy pipehorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae: Hippocampinae) from the Miocene Coprolitic Horizon, Tunjice Hills, Slovenia La première découverte de fossiles d’hippocampes « pygmy pipehorses » (Teleostei : Syngnathidae : Hippocampinae) de l’Horizon Coprolithique du Miocène des collines de Tunjice, Slovénie a,∗ b Jure Zaloharˇ , Tomazˇ Hitij a Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aˇskerˇceva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia b Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Available online 27 March 2012 Abstract The first known fossil record of pygmy pipehorses is described. The fossils were collected in the Middle Miocene (Sarmatian) beds of the Coprolitic Horizon in the Tunjice Hills, Slovenia. They belong to a new genus and species Hippotropiscis frenki, which was similar to the extant representatives of Acentronura, Amphelikturus, Idiotropiscis, and Kyonemichthys genera. Hippotropiscis frenki lived among seagrasses and macroalgae and probably also on a mud and silt bottom in the temperate shallow coastal waters of the western part of the Central Paratethys Sea. The high coronet on the head, the ridge system and the high angle at which the head is angled ventrad indicate that Hippotropiscis is most related to Idiotropiscis and Hippocampus (seahorses) and probably separated from the main seahorse lineage later than Idiotropiscis. © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Keywords: Seahorses; Slovenia; Coprolitic Horizon; Sarmatian; Miocene Résumé L’article décrit la première découverte connue de fossiles d’hippocampes « pygmy pipehorses ». Les fos- siles ont été trouvés dans les plages du Miocène moyen (Sarmatien) de l’horizon coprolithique dans les collines de Tunjice, en Slovénie.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume III of This Document)
    4.1.3 Coastal Migratory Pelagics Description and Distribution (from CMP Am 15) The coastal migratory pelagics management unit includes cero (Scomberomous regalis), cobia (Rachycentron canadum), king mackerel (Scomberomous cavalla), Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus) and little tunny (Euthynnus alleterattus). The mackerels and tuna in this management unit are often referred to as ―scombrids.‖ The family Scombridae includes tunas, mackerels and bonitos. They are among the most important commercial and sport fishes. The habitat of adults in the coastal pelagic management unit is the coastal waters out to the edge of the continental shelf in the Atlantic Ocean. Within the area, the occurrence of coastal migratory pelagic species is governed by temperature and salinity. All species are seldom found in water temperatures less than 20°C. Salinity preference varies, but these species generally prefer high salinity. The scombrids prefer high salinities, but less than 36 ppt. Salinity preference of little tunny and cobia is not well defined. The larval habitat of all species in the coastal pelagic management unit is the water column. Within the spawning area, eggs and larvae are concentrated in the surface waters. (from PH draft Mackerel Am. 18) King Mackerel King mackerel is a marine pelagic species that is found throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea and along the western Atlantic from the Gulf of Maine to Brazil and from the shore to 200 meter depths. Adults are known to spawn in areas of low turbidity, with salinity and temperatures of approximately 30 ppt and 27°C, respectively. There are major spawning areas off Louisiana and Texas in the Gulf (McEachran and Finucane 1979); and off the Carolinas, Cape Canaveral, and Miami in the western Atlantic (Wollam 1970; Schekter 1971; Mayo 1973).
    [Show full text]
  • Syngnathus Taenionotus and S
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 97: 71-81.1993 Published July 8 Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. Life cycles and feeding habits of Syngnathus taenionotus and S. abaster (Pisces, Syngnathidae) in a brackish bay of the PO River Delta (Adriatic Sea) P. Franzoil, R. Maccagnani2,R. Rossi', V. U. Ceccherelli2 'Department of Environmental Science, University of Tuscia, via C. De Lellis, 1-01100 Viterbo, Italy Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Ferrara. via L. Borsari 46,I-44100 Ferrara, Italy ABSTRACT: We investigated the population structure, life cycles and gut contents of 2 species of pipe- fish, Syngnathus taenionotus and S. abaster, in a brackish embayment of the PO River Delta (North Adriatic Sea).These 2 species inhabit the nearshore environment of the bay where the sandy bottom is covered by macroalgae, and were sampled for 1 yr. The main differences in life history traits between S. taenionotus and S. abasterrespecitvely can be summarized as follows: life span is about 24 vs 17 mo; reproductive season begins in February vs March, and lasts 5 vs 4 mo; average length of fingerlings at the time they hatch from the male brood pouch is 20.3 (k1.2)vs 13.5 (fl.O)mm; egg incubation period is 2 mo vs 1 mo; average number of ripe eggs per mature ovary is 46 (+ 9) vs 104 (+ 40);average num- ber of embryos incubated by male is 84 (f 17) vs 109 (f27). Finally, the sex ratio in the reproductive population is more male-biased in S. taenionotus than in S. abaster. The 2 species probably do not com- pete for food resources, remaining almost completely segregated in 2 different foraging micro-habitats during most of their life span.
    [Show full text]