Electronic Warfare in the Fifth Dimension: Human Factors Automation Policies and Strategies for Enhanced Situational Awareness and SEAD Performance Malcolm James Cook, Charles Cranmer, Corinne Adams and Carol Angus Centre for Usability, Test and Evaluation University of Abertay Dundee Dundee DD1 1HG, Scotland UNITED KINGDOM Tel. +(44) 1382 308178 Fx. +(44) 1382 223121 Ans. +(44) 1382 308184 e-mail:
[email protected] “The offense created a radically new vehicle to delivers its message of shock and fire, the aerial bomber. As a response to this new means of communicating destruction, the fortified walls mutated again, in effect dematerialising to become the electronic curtain of radar.” De La Macha (1998: p. 77) SUMMARY The process of supporting human operators in the very difficult task of electronic warfare is considered because it is representative of the need to flexibly operate systems and equipment from one conflict to another. It is argued that the weak element of the partnership is often the system and not the human, as it is normally portrayed. It is proposed that the design of future systems enable effective representations of operation to create transparent operation of the equipment. It is argued that the functional capability of the EW system should be universal or as close to universal in operation, to facilitate learning, operation and error recovery. Transparency and universality of operation are required to aid the development of an effective user mental- model of system operation, to enhance trust, increase authority and facilitate collaborative process management. Finally, the pace and demands of the system must create synergy between the operator and the task demands, balancing workload across time in a multi-tasking environment.