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Alice in the Victorian Era F E R N W E H Alice in the Victorian Era F e r n w e h AN EPHOC, AN AUTHOR, A MASTERPIECE 1 | P a g e Alice in the Victorian Era F e r n w e h “The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest minds of past centuries.” ― René Descartes 2 | P a g e Alice in the Victorian Era F e r n w e h ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Alice sighed wearily. “I think you might do something better with the time,” she said, “than waste it in asking riddles that have no answers.” “If you knew Time as well as I do,” said the Hatter, “you wouldn't talk about wasting it. It's him.” -Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland: A Mad Tea Party After all the hard-work on this project, I would like to thank all the people that have accompanied me during the journey of creating what was taking shape little by little. First of all, my most sincere thanks to my tutor for helping me in every moment, for directing me when I was lost or wrong and for giving me his ideas and his time. To all the teachers in general, for contributing with their ideas and for guiding me in more basic aspects of the project. To my parents for dedicating me all of their time, for inspiring me when I did not know how to continue, for having a huge library full of books worth discovering and, above all, for always being by my side giving me their moral support. To my brother for taking an interest in my work and make me feel that I was doing something worthy, and most of all for helping me to accompany the narration with drawings full of creativity and artistic techniques. To my friends for tolerating me in my stress moments and for encouraging me. To my extracurricular English teacher for teaching me this wonderful and useful language for many years. Finally, thanks to Lewis Carroll for writing the book that has begun and that has finished my project, a book that is certainly worthy of reading and admiring. 3 | P a g e Alice in the Victorian Era F e r n w e h TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................ 3 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 8 II. ALICE IN THE VICTORIAN ERA: A THEORETICAL APPROACH ............................ 11 1 THE VICTORIAN ERA .................................................................................. 12 1.1 SOCIAL HISTORY ................................................................................ 12 1.1.1 Conditions of life and labour. Social classes. .................................... 12 1.1.2 Race and gender conditions. .......................................................... 13 1.1.3 Morality. ....................................................................................... 14 1.1.4 Education and children. ................................................................. 15 1.1.5 Criminality. ................................................................................... 16 1.2 POLITICAL HISTORY ............................................................................ 17 1.2.1 The leader: Queen Victoria............................................................. 17 1.2.2 Parliament. ................................................................................... 17 1.2.3 Political parties. ............................................................................. 18 1.2.4 Reform Act. .................................................................................. 18 1.3 ECONOMIC HISTORY ........................................................................... 19 1.3.1 Capitalism..................................................................................... 19 1.3.2 Economic deflation. ....................................................................... 19 1.3.3 Industrial Revolution. .................................................................... 20 1.3.4 The Railway .................................................................................. 21 1.4 RELIGION ........................................................................................... 21 1.4.1 Church and society ........................................................................ 21 1.4.2 Religious movements ..................................................................... 22 1.4.3 Religious thinkers .......................................................................... 23 1.5 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ................................................................ 24 1.5.1 Scientific discoveries ...................................................................... 24 1.5.2 Technological discoveries ............................................................... 26 1.6 LITERATURE ....................................................................................... 27 1.6.1 Poetry .......................................................................................... 27 1.6.1.1 Characteristics and features ........................................................ 27 1.6.1.2 Authors ..................................................................................... 28 1.6.2 Novel ........................................................................................... 30 4 | P a g e Alice in the Victorian Era F e r n w e h 1.6.2.1 Characteristics and features ........................................................ 30 1.6.2.2 Authors ..................................................................................... 30 2 LEWIS CARROLL ........................................................................................ 36 2.1 BIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................ 36 2.2 RELATIONSHIP WITH THE LIDDELL FAMILY .......................................... 37 2.3 ALICE LIDELL ...................................................................................... 37 3 ALICE IN WONDERLAND ............................................................................. 38 3.1 CREATION .......................................................................................... 38 3.2 LITERARY CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................. 39 3.3 PICTURES ........................................................................................... 41 III. “ALICE’S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND” ANALYSIS ................................... 43 1 INTRODUCTORY POEM ............................................................................... 44 2 CHAPTER 1: DOWN THE RABBIT HOLE ........................................................ 44 2.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 44 2.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 45 2.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 45 3 CHAPTER 2: THE POOL OF TEARS ............................................................... 47 3.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 47 3.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 47 3.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 48 4 CHAPTER 3: A CAUCUS-RACE AND A LONG TALE .......................................... 49 4.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 49 4.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 50 4.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 50 5 CHAPTER 4: THE RABBIT SENDS IN A LITTLE BILL ...................................... 51 5.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 51 5.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 52 5.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 52 6 CHAPTER 5: ADVICE FROM A CATERPILLAR ................................................. 53 6.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 53 6.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 54 6.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 54 7 CHAPTER 6: PIG AND PEPPER ..................................................................... 56 7.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 56 5 | P a g e Alice in the Victorian Era F e r n w e h 7.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 57 7.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 58 8 CHAPTER 7: A MAD TEA-PARTY .................................................................. 59 8.1 Summary ............................................................................................ 59 8.2 Characters .......................................................................................... 60 8.3 Analysis .............................................................................................. 60 9 CHAPTER 8: THE QUEEN’S CROQUET-GROUND ............................................ 62 9.1 Summary ...........................................................................................
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