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Basque Studies N E W S L E T T E R
Center for BasqueISSN: Studies 1537-2464 Newsletter Center for Basque Studies N E W S L E T T E R Center welcomes Gloria Totoricagüena New faculty member Gloria Totoricagüena started to really compare and analyze their FALL began working at the Center last spring, experiences, to look at the similarities and having recently completed her Ph.D. in differences between that Basque Center and 2002 Comparative Politics. Following is an inter- Basque communities in the U.S. So that view with Dr. Totoricagüena by editor Jill really started my academic interest. Al- Berner. though my Master’s degree was in Latin American politics and economic develop- NUMBER 66 JB: How did your interest in the Basque ment, the experience there gave me the idea diaspora originate and develop? GT: I really was born into it, I’ve lived it all my life. My parents are survivors of the In this issue: bombing of Gernika and were refugees to different parts of the Basque Country. And I’ve also lived the whole sheepherder family Gloria Totoricagüena 1 experience that is so common to Basque identity in the U.S. My father came to the Eskerrik asko! 3 U.S. as a sheepherder, and then later went Slavoj Zizek lecture 4 back to Gernika where he met my mother and they married and came here. My parents went Politics after 9/11 5 back and forth actually, and eventually settled Highlights in Boise. So this idea of transnational iden- 6 tity, and multiculturalism, is not new at all to Visiting scholars 7 me. -
Elko Jaietan 51 Urte Celebrating 51 Years of Basque Tradition Schedule of Events
2014 Elko Jaietan 51 Urte Celebrating 51 Years of Basque Tradition Schedule of Events 2014 Elko Jaietan 51 Urte 2014 Elko Basque Festival Celebrating 51 Years Friday July 4th/Ostirala 4an Uztaila 6:00 p.m. – Kickoff/Txupinazua- Elko Basque Clubhouse Enjoy the evening with your family and friends with a taste of what is to come during the weekend. There will be dancing by the Elko Ariñak dancers, a Paella contest, Basque sport exhibitions of weight lifting and wood chopping, and handball games. Stay for exceptional food, drink, bounce house, and a special performance by this year’s Udaleku group. Saturday July 5th/Larunbata 5an Uztaila 7:00 a.m. – 5K Run/Walk – Eusko Etxtea – Elko Basque Club- house $20 participation fee and you get a t-shirt Registration is at 6:15 a.m. Race starts at 7:00 a.m. For more information contact Cody Krenka at 738-6479 11:00 a.m. – Parade – Downtown Elko 1:00 p.m. - Games & Dancing – Elko County Fairgrounds $10 Adults $5 Children 12 & Under Featuring the following dance groups: Elko Ariñak, Utah’ko Triskalariak, Reno Zazpiak Bat, and Ardi Baltza. Watch traditional Basque rural sports featuring weightlifting, wood chopping, weight carrying, relay, tug o war, and more! 2 9 p.m. Dance - Eusko Etxea - Elko Basque Clubhouse $12 Admission Dance - featuring Boise’s Amuma Says No; come enjoy a fun filled evening of dancing, catching up with old friends and making new ones Sunday July 6th /Igandea 6an Uztaila Eusko Etxea - Elko Basque Clubhouse Please NO outside Food or Beverage 10:30 a.m. -
Elko Jaietan 50 Urte Celebrating 50 Years of Basque Tradition
2013 Elko Jaietan 50 Urte Celebrating 50 Years of Basque Tradition 2013 Schedule of Events Elko Basque Festival Celebrating 50 Years Elko Jaietan 50 Urte Friday, July 5th 10:00 a.m. – Parade – Downtown Elko Ostirala 5an Uztaila Starting at the Crystal Theater on Commercial Street, continuing through Downtown Elko down Idaho Street, ending at the Elko County 6:00 p.m. – Kickoff/Txupinazua – Fronton Fairgrounds. come during the weekend. There will be dancing by the Elko Ariñak dancers, 1:00 p.m. – Games & Dancing – Elko County Fairgrounds Basque sport exhibition of weight lifting and wood chopping, and handball $10 Adults, $5 Children 12 & Under games. Stay for exceptional food, drink, bounce house and the North Featuring the following dance groups: Elko Ariñak, Utah’ko Triskalariak, American Basque Organizations Txerriki contest, a celebration of all things Reno Zazpiak Bat, Boise Oinkari, aGauden Bat from Chino, CA, Zazpiak- Bat from San Francisco, CA. Watch traditional Basque rural sports featuring weightlifting, wood chopping, weight carrying, bale toss, tug-o-war, and more! 9:00 p.m. – Dance – Eusko Etxea – Elko Basque Clubhouse Saturday, July 6th $12 Admission Laurnbata 6an Uztaila Dance - featuring Boise’s Amuma Says No; come 7:00 a.m. – 5K Run/Walk – Eusko Etxtea – Elko Basque Clubhouse of dancing, catching up $20 participation fee and you get a t-shirt with old friends and Registration is at 6:15 a.m. Race starts at 7:00 a.m. making new ones. For more information contact Cody Krenka at 738-6479. 8:00 a.m. – Golf Tournament – Ruby View Golf Course $30 per person a $120 per team DOES NOT INCLUDE GREENS FEES OR CART FEE Registration is at 7:00 a.m. -
The Basque Experience with the Irish Model
WORKING PAPERS IN CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION AND SOCIAL JUSTICE ISSN 2053-0129 (Online) From Belfast to Bilbao: The Basque Experience with the Irish Model Eileen Paquette Jack, PhD Candidate School of Politics, International Studies and Philosophy, Queen’s University, Belfast [email protected] Institute for the Study of Conflict Transformation and Social Justice CTSJ WP 06-15 April 2015 Page | 1 Abstract This paper examines the izquierda Abertzale (Basque Nationalist Left) experience of the Irish model. Drawing upon conflict transformation scholars, the paper works to determine if the Irish model serves as a tool of conflict transformation. Using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), the paper argues that it is a tool, and focuses on the specific finding that it is one of many learning tools in the international sphere. It suggests that this theme can be generalized and could be found in other case studies. The paper is located within the discipline of peace and conflict studies, but uses a method from psychology. Keywords: Conflict transformation, Basque Country, Irish model, Peace Studies Introduction1 The conflict in the Basque Country remains one of the most intractable conflicts, and until recently was the only conflict within European borders. Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) has waged an open, violent conflict against the Spanish state, with periodic ceasefires and attempts for peace. Despite key differences in contexts, the izquierda Abertzale (‘nationalist left’) has viewed the Irish model – defined in this paper as a process of transformation which encompasses both the Good Friday Agreement (from here on referred to as GFA) and wider peace process in Northern Ireland – with potential. -
1 Centro Vasco New York
12 THE BASQUES OF NEW YORK: A Cosmopolitan Experience Gloria Totoricagüena With the collaboration of Emilia Sarriugarte Doyaga and Anna M. Renteria Aguirre TOTORICAGÜENA, Gloria The Basques of New York : a cosmopolitan experience / Gloria Totoricagüena ; with the collaboration of Emilia Sarriugarte Doyaga and Anna M. Renteria Aguirre. – 1ª ed. – Vitoria-Gasteiz : Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia = Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco, 2003 p. ; cm. – (Urazandi ; 12) ISBN 84-457-2012-0 1. Vascos-Nueva York. I. Sarriugarte Doyaga, Emilia. II. Renteria Aguirre, Anna M. III. Euskadi. Presidencia. IV. Título. V. Serie 9(1.460.15:747 Nueva York) Edición: 1.a junio 2003 Tirada: 750 ejemplares © Administración de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco Presidencia del Gobierno Director de la colección: Josu Legarreta Bilbao Internet: www.euskadi.net Edita: Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia - Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco Donostia-San Sebastián, 1 - 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz Diseño: Canaldirecto Fotocomposición: Elkar, S.COOP. Larrondo Beheko Etorbidea, Edif. 4 – 48180 LOIU (Bizkaia) Impresión: Elkar, S.COOP. ISBN: 84-457-2012-0 84-457-1914-9 D.L.: BI-1626/03 Nota: El Departamento editor de esta publicación no se responsabiliza de las opiniones vertidas a lo largo de las páginas de esta colección Index Aurkezpena / Presentation............................................................................... 10 Hitzaurrea / Preface......................................................................................... -
Euskal Literatura Ameriketan (1876 - 1914)
nº 29-Revista 21/1/09 21/1/09 10:27 Página 65 ESTUDIOS VASCOS Euskal Literatura Ameriketan (1876 - 1914) GORKA AULESTIA RESUMEN Presentamos a tres representantes de la emigración vasca a Latinoamerica LABURPENA (Argentina y Uruguay) en el s. XIX. Como aparece en el título del artículo, no ABSTRACT se trata de vascos comunes sino de creadores de versos cantados. XIX. gizaldiko euskaldunen Hegoameriketako emigrazioaren hiru ordezkari aurkezten ditugu. Artikuluaren izenburuan agertzen den bezala, ez ziren euskal- dun arruntak, bertsolariak baizik. We present three representative figures of the Basque emigration to South America (Argentina and Uruguay) in the XIXth century. As the title of the arti- cle says, these are not ordinary Basques, but creators of sung verses. PALABRAS CLAVE Argentina, vascuence, Sudamérica, nostalgia, versos vascos. GAKO-HITZAK Argentina, euskara, Hego Amerika, herrimina, Montevideo, bertsoak. KEY WORDS Argentina, Basque language, South America, nostalgia, Montevideo, Basque verses. *Asociación de Estudios Onienses 65 Sancho el Sabio, 29, 2008, 65-85 nº 29-Revista 21/1/09 21/1/09 10:27 Página 66 SANCHO EL SABIO ire lanaren izenburua da: “Euskal Literatura Ameriketan, 1877tik 1. PEDRO MARI N1914ra arte”. Hiru hitz hauen eremua oso zabala da, agian zaba- OTAÑO (1857-1910) (1) legia ere iruditzen zait, euskaldunen orduko literatura xumea egokiro ager dezan. Literatura hitzak “litera” edo letrara garamatza eta zori- txarrez literatur idazlan gutxi agertzen dira aldi horretan Euskal Herritik kanpo. Bainan “literatura” hitza zentzu zabalean hartuz gero (eta ahozko literatura ere kontuan hartu), euskal emigrazioaren hiru bertsolari ospetsuren berri eman dezakegu: Pedro Mari Otaño (1857- 1910), Jose Mª Mendiague (1845-1937) eta Joxe Mª Iparragirre (1820-1881): bi gipuzkoar, eta jaiotzez baxenabartar baina bihotzez hazpandarra zena. -
Catholic Mediation in the Basque Peace Process: Questioning the Transnational Dimension
religions Article Catholic Mediation in the Basque Peace Process: Questioning the Transnational Dimension Xabier Itçaina 1,2 1 CNRS—Centre Emile Durkheim, Sciences Po Bordeaux, 11 allée Ausone, 33607 Pessac, France; [email protected] 2 GEZKI, University of the Basque Country, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain Received: 30 March 2020; Accepted: 17 April 2020; Published: 27 April 2020 Abstract: The Basque conflict was one of the last ethnonationalist violent struggles in Western Europe, until the self-dissolution in 2018 of ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna, Basque Country and Freedom). The role played by some sectors of the Roman Catholic Church in the mediation efforts leading to this positive outcome has long been underestimated, as has the internal pluralism of the Church in this regard. This article specifically examines the transnational dimension of this mediation, including its symbolic aspect. The call to involve the Catholic institution transnationally was not limited to the tangible outcomes of mediation. The mere fact of involving transnational religious and non-religious actors represented a symbolic gain for the parties in the conflict struggling to impose their definitions of peace. Transnational mediation conveyed in itself explicit or implicit comparisons with other ethnonationalist conflicts, a comparison that constituted political resources for or, conversely, unacceptable constraints upon the actors involved. Keywords: Basque conflict; nationalism; Catholic Church; Holy See; transnational mediation; conflict resolution 1. Introduction The Basque conflict was one of the last ethnonationalist violent struggles in Western Europe, until the definitive ceasefire (2011), decommissioning (2017), and self-dissolution (2018) of the armed organization ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna, Basque Country and Freedom). -
ETA and the Public, 1959-1987
ETA and the Public McCreanor ETA and the Public, 1959-1987 KYLE McCREANOR1 After an ephemeral moment of autonomy during the Spanish Civil War, the Basque Country was conquered by Spanish Nationalist forces. Under the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, the Basque people were subject to heavy oppression. The Francoist state sought to eliminate the Basque language and culture as part of a grand vision to create a ‘unified Spain.’ In 1959, a Basque guerrilla resistance movement, Euskadi ta Askatasuna (ETA: Basque Country and Freedom) was born with a mission to preserve their unique language and culture, and ultimately, to secure an independent Basque state. Their initial strategy was to incite a revolution by symbolic acts of violence against the Franco regime and gain popular support in the Basque Country. This paper explores ETA’s relationship with the public, analyzing the ways in which they cultivated support and disseminated their ideas to the masses. However, what the research finds is that as ETA’s strategy changed, so did their relationship with the public. After Spain’s democratization, ETA abandoned the idea of bringing about a revolution of the masses, and sought only to wage a violent war of attrition against the Spanish state in order to establish a sovereign Basque nation. The Basque Country, or Euskadi, is a region straddling the Northern Pyrenees, falling under the jurisdiction of Spain and France. It is the homeland of the Basque people, an ancient 1 This research paper was made possible by a Directed Reading course in the Department of History, supervised by Professor Matthew Koch. -
Calculating Ethnicity Through the U.S. Census: the Basque Case
BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal Volume 4 | Issue 1 Article 1 October 2016 Calculating Ethnicity Through the U.S. Census: The aB sque Case William A. Douglass Center for Basque Studies at the University of Nevada, Reno Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/boga Part of the Basque Studies Commons Recommended Citation Douglass, William A. (2016) "Calculating Ethnicity Through the U.S. Census: The asB que Case," BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal: Vol. 4 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. https://doi.org/10.18122/B2W12S Available at: http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/boga/vol4/iss1/1 Calculating Ethnicity Through the U.S. Census: The Basque Case William A. Douglass, PhD Defining “Basques” Throughout recorded history, the status of Basques has remained ambiguous—at least as defined by outsiders. The Romans reported on a people known as the Vascones, inhabiting part of the present-day European homeland of the Basques—but only a part.1 There were also other Iberian tribes sharing the ill-defined territory and it was a corridor for peoples entering Iberia from the north, like the Celts and the Romans, as well as the Muslims who came from the south. Segments of all of these outsiders settled in the Basque area and even ruled parts of it for a time, providing their own cultural overlays. During the Middle Ages, the Basque Country was a liminal zone between the Gothic and Frankish realms in southwestern Europe, at times denounced by both as a land of mountain barbarians who raided civilized lowlanders.2 The only period in which the Basque Country as a whole was briefly under a single political jurisdiction was during a part of the reign of Navarrese King Sancho the Great (1004-1035). -
Basque Club Aldizkaria
Basque Club Aldizkaria Udaberri 2014 Spring San Francisco Basque Picnic Basque Club Mus Txapeldunak Jesus Arriada (left) and Angel Arriada won this year’s Basque June 1st - Petaluma Fairgrounds Club mus tournament and will represented the Basque Club at the NABO Mus Championships coming up this May 31st in San Ra- 9:00am Gates Open fael. Also representing the Basque Club at the NABO mus finals 9:45am Basque Mass celebrated by Aita Jean-Michel will be the runner up team of Franxoa Bidaurreta and Javier Lastiri with Elgarrekin Choir, Klika and danc- Urroz . Zorionak! ers ( inside Herzog Hall ). 12:00pm Barbecue rack of lamb lunch with beans, piperade, cheese, bread and wine. Adults $25, children under 12 $10. 2:30pm Entertainment Program featuring the Zazpiak Bat Klika and Dancers, Los Banos Dancers and San Francisco Gazteak Dancers. 4:30pm Lehengo Dantzaldi featuring Mutxikoak, Soka Dan- tza, Zazpi Jauziak, Lantzeko Ihauterria, and Fandango / Arin Arin. All participation welcome . 5:00pm Lukainka/Txorizo Sale Directions: From San Francisco, take 101 North, Exit Washington St., Left on Washington, Left on Payran Street. Zazpiak Bat Dancers Basque Country Bound During the past few years the Zazpi- ak Bat Dancers have stayed in con- tact with friends in the province of Xiberoa, which stemmed from the 2008/2009 exchange, where Zazpiak Esku Pilota at The Bat dancers visited Xiberoa in 08’ and then in 2009 students from the Basque Cultural Center Lycee du Pays de Soule, located in Sohuta, Xiberoa, came to San Fran- cisco and performed their Fabienne Andere (left) and Mirentxu Euskamerikan Artzain Pastorala at Auzqui worked with the Zazpiak Bat the Basque Cultural Center. -
Basque Studies N E W S L E T T E R
Center for BasqueISSN: Studies 1537-2464 Newsletter Center for Basque Studies N E W S L E T T E R Fund-raising campaign update: Basque-American family donates house to promote SPRING Basque culture 2005 In April, Joseba Zulaika and Sandra Ott of JZ: Did your parents speak Basque? the Center interviewed the Echeverria fam- John: For many years our mother’s mother ily, siblings John Echeverria, Teresa lived with us, and she spoke Basque. Our Maloney, Michael Echeverria, and Cris grandma and our father spoke Basque to NUMBER 71 Welmerink. They have very generously do- each other. Dad learned Basque because his nated their late father’s house to the father refused to speak anything else to him. Center’s Endowment Fund to honor their C: In 1959, for the first Basque festival, we Basque heritage and the legacy of their all learned the jota. Mom taught us so that parents, Peter and Frances Echeverria. we could dance at the festival. She got some In this issue: of the Basque ladies around Reno to teach us Joseba Z.: Why are you doing all of this for with her. There was quite a group who would Family donation 1 the Center, why are you giving this house as come to our house once a week, and we’d a gift? have dance lessons in the basement. USAC receives award 3 Teresa: We are so very Please join us! 4 fortunate. We were given many gifts by our parents, Kukai performance 5 notably a love of our Basque heritage. It is a Highlights 6 way to honor Mom and Conference Papers Series 7 Dad and our heritage. -
A Comparative Analysis of the Intractability of the Basque Conflict
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INTRACTABILITY OF THE BASQUE CONFLICT A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies By Graham M. Stubbs, B.A. Georgetown University Washington, D.C. April 2012 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INTRACTABILITY OF THE BASQUE CONFLICT Graham M. Stubbs B.A. Joseph P. Smaldone Phd. ABSTRACT Since the regime of dictator General Franco (1939-1975), the Spanish government has repressed or banned virtually all expressions of the Basque national identity and political expression. This failure to recognize the Basque culture within Spanish society has created a void in which the Basques have felt self-confined for generations. The conflict between the Basques and Spain has never found clear resolution, has often been punctuated by armed resistance, and has become virtually intractable. Spanish nationalism has prevailed over the indigenous group in the region, leaving resentment and frustration for those seeking to practice their traditions and cultural distinctions. The Spanish blend of fascist, traditionalist, and militarist responses has reinforced the deep- felt resentment of the Basque people in their pursuit of the civil liberties granted to all other citizens of the Spanish state. The existence of the Basques has been problematic to the Spanish because cultural differences challenged Franco’s ideal of a unified Catholic state. Catholicism was the essence of the ‘nation’ and Castile was its ‘ethnic core,’ thus leaving little room for any opposing ideology and principles.