Volume 4 Quaternary Chapter 7 Neogene https://doi.org/10.32685/pub.esp.38.2019.07 Geological Evolution of the Nevado del Ruiz Published online 27 November 2020 Volcanic Complex Paleogene Julián Andrés CEBALLOS–HERNÁNDEZ1* , Lilly Maritza MARTÍNEZ–TABARES2 , Luis Gerónimo VALENCIA–RAMÍREZ3 , Bernardo Alonso PULGARÍN–ALZATE4* , Ana María CORREA–TAMAYO5 , and Blanca Liliana NARVÁEZ–MARULANDA6 1
[email protected] Servicio Geológico Colombiano Cretaceous Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Abstract New results based on modern methods of volcanic mapping and stratigraphy Manizales Avenida 12 de octubre n.° 15–47 used in the area domain of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, combined with the review Manizales, Colombia of previous studies and the contribution of new geochronological, petrographic, and 2
[email protected] Servicio Geológico Colombiano geochemical data, are presented to define the Nevado del Ruiz Volcanic Complex. The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Jurassic geological evolution of this complex consists of four eruptive periods that were charac- Manizales Avenida 12 de octubre n.° 15–47 terized by the construction and destruction of volcanic edifices and deposits associated Manizales, Colombia with effusive products (lava flows and lava domes), primary volcaniclastic deposits (py- 3
[email protected] Servicio Geológico Colombiano roclastic density currents and pyroclastic falls), secondary volcaniclastic deposits (lahars Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Triassic Manizales and debris avalanches), and glacial and fluvial deposits. The Pre–Ruiz eruptive period Avenida 12 de octubre n.° 15–47 was dominated by effusive volcanism and the construction of the “Ancestral Ruiz” vol- Manizales, Colombia cano; known ages range from 1.8 to 0.97 Ma.