A Companion to Tourism
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Representation and Spatial Practice in Varanasi (India)
Sacred Journeys and Profane Travellers: Representation and Spatial Practice in Varanasi (India) Cristiana Zara Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2011 DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY ROYAL HOLLOWAY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Declaration of Authorship I Cristiana Zara hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. 2 ABSTRACT This thesis is concerned with tourist representations and practices in India. Orientalist aesthetics have often associated this country with notions of spirituality and mysticism; tourist narratives sustain and reinforce such representations by describing India as a land of ancient rituals and timeless traditions. The visual construction of India’s ‘spiritual landscapes’ has been largely deployed as a powerful tool for subduing the unfamiliar Other within reassuring epistemological categories. However, tourism research has recently become interested in exploring the role of tourist practices in landscape production. Not only do tourists ‘gaze upon’ landscapes, they also script landscapes through practices and performances. By focusing on the case of Varanasi, the Indian pilgrimage city on the banks of the Ganges, this thesis shows how tourist practices (re)produce and make sense of the city’s ‘sacredscape’. Special attention is paid to the riverfront, which epitomizes the cultural and spiritual significance ascribed to the city. Both Hindu and tourist narratives depict the riverfront as embodying a special power, a unique meaning, whether this uniqueness is held to be a ‘spiritual’ or a ‘picturesque’ one. The thesis analyses the city’s riverfront as the place where tourist, ritual, and day-to-day activities are played out and negotiated, and where the aesthetics of landscape is confronted with the materialities and the practices inherent to this place. -
Print This Article
EDINBURGH CASTLE UNDER SIEGE 1639-1745 David H. Caldwell National Museums of Scotland This is the third and final part of a review of the sieges of Edinburgh Castle, perhaps the most besieged fortress of all time. The surrender of the castle after a heavy bombardment in May 1573 by a combined English and Scottish government force had greatly dented its reputation for invincibility as well as leaving much of it in ruins. It was quickly rebuilt and strengthened, especially by the erection of the great Half Moon Battery which is such a prominent part of its structure to this day. It was then to remain untested as a fortress until the civil wars of the following century. 1639 As the Covenanting Party in Scotland moved to open conflict with their king their cause was enormously helped by the return to his native land of Alexander Leslie, a distinguished soldier who had served as a field marshal in the Swedish army. By March he was well on his way, aided by other Scottish officers who had served abroad, to creating the militia armies that were to play such an important part in the upcoming civil wars. The capture of Edinburgh Castle on 21 March marked the beginning of the First Bishops’ War.1 The castle was held by its constable, Archibald Haldane. Leslie with a party of noblemen, along with Sir Alexander Hamilton, General of the Artillery, General Major Robert Monro, both of whom had also been in Swedish service, and the companies of men raised by Edinburgh (1,000 musketeers) went up to the castle between four and five in the afternoon to parley with Haldane, apparently with the expectation that he could be persuaded to relinquish his charge or support the covenanting cause. -
Travel Behavior and Mobility of Transportation-Disadvantaged Populations: Evidence from the National Household Travel Survey
Travel Behavior and Mobility of Transportation-Disadvantaged Populations: Evidence from the National Household Travel Survey Jeremy Mattson Small Urban & Rural Transit Center Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University, Fargo December 2012 Acknowledgements This research was sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration, United States Department of Transportation, and conducted by the Small Urban & Rural Transit Center within the Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute at North Dakota State University. The author thanks Jana Lynott from the AARP Public Policy Institute and Steve Polzin from the Center for Urban Transportation Research for their comments on a previous version of the paper. Responsibility for any remaining errors belongs to the author. The guidance of Jill Hough, Director of the Small Urban & Rural Transit Center, and Jarrett Stoltzfus, FTA Project Manager for the project, is also acknowledged. Disclaimer The contents presented in this report are the sole responsibility of the Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute and the authors. North Dakota State University does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, disability, gender expression/identity, genetic information, marital status, national origin, public assistance status, sex, sexual orientation, status as a U.S. veteran, race or religion. Direct inquiries to the Vice President for Equity, Diversity and Global Outreach, 205 Old Main, (701) 231-7708. ABSTRACT Older adults, people with disabilities, individuals in low-income households, and those living in rural areas can face significant mobility challenges. This study examines travel behavior and mobility of these transportation-disadvantaged groups by analyzing data from the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS). NHTS data on driving, trip frequency, staying in the same place all day or week, miles driven per year, mode choice, use of public transportation, trip purpose, trip distance, and issues and concerns regarding transportation are highlighted. -
Socio-Cultural Impacts of Backpacking in Rural Destinations with an Emphasize on Local Residents’ Attitudes (Case Study: Darak Village)*
Persian translation of this paper entitled: Tourism of Culture, 2(5), 61-76 / Summer 2021 DOI: 10.22034/toc.2021.285720.1048 اثرات اجتماعی-فرهنگی کوله گردی در مناطق روستایی با تأکید بر نگرش جامعۀ محلی )مطالعۀ موردی: روستای َد َرک( is also published in this issue of journal Original Research Article Socio-Cultural Impacts of Backpacking in Rural Destinations with an Emphasize on Local Residents’ Attitudes (Case Study: Darak Village)* Motahareh Abbasi1, Zahra Nadalipour2** 1. M. A. Student in Tourism Development Planning, Faculty of Tourism, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. 2. Assistant Professor, Faculty of Tourism, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. Received: 10/05/2021 Accepted: 01/07/2021 Available online: 23/07/2021 Abstract| Backpacking tourism is a type of adventure tourism that has increased significantly in recent years. Backpackers are tourists who travel with only one backpack and the lowest possible budget. Their target destinations are lesser-known areas and nature. Backpackers travel to discover new destinations and communicate with locals to better understand them. They play an effective role in identifying and introducing lesser-known tourist destinations. Although choosing a backpacking travel style by young people in Iran is increasing, less research still exists in this field and its effects on the tourism industry of Iran and the local community has not been investigated. This study aims to recognize the attitudes of rural residents towards the phenomenon of backpacking and identify its socio-cultural effects on rural host communities. For this purpose, Darak village located in Chabahar city of Sistan and Baluchistan province was selected as a case study. -
426358 1 En Bookfrontmatter 1..13
Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism Conservation and Management Series Series editors Wolfgang Eder, Munich, Germany Peter T. Bobrowsky, Burnaby, BC, Canada Jesús Martínez-Frías, Madrid, Spain Spectacular geo-morphological landscapes and regions with special geological features or mining sites, are becoming increasingly recognized as critical areas to protect and conserve for the unique geoscientific aspects they represent and as places to enjoy and learn about the science and history of our planet. More and more national and international stakeholders are engaged in projects related to “Geoheritage”, “Geo-conservation”, “Geoparks” and “Geo- tourism” and are positively influencing the general perception of modern Earth sciences. Most notably, “Geoparks”, have proven to be excellent tools to educate the public about “Earth Sciences”. And shown to be areas for recreation and significant sustainable economic development through geotourism. In order to develop further the understanding of earth sciences in general and to elucidate the importance of earth sciences for Society the Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism Conservation and Management Series has been launched together with its sister GeoGuides series. “Projects” developed in partnership with UNESCO, World Heritage and Global Geoparks Networks, IUGS and IGU, as well as with the “Earth Science Matters” Foundation, are welcome. The series aims to provide a place for in-depth presentations of developmental and management issues related to Geoheritage and Geotourism as well existing and potential Geoparks. Individually authored monographs as well as edited volumes and conference proceedings are welcome in this series. This book series is considered to be complementary to the Springer-Journal “Geoheritage”. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11639 Ismar Borges de Lima • Ronda J. -
Advanced Plug-In Electric Vehicle Travel and Charging Behavior Final Report (CARB Contract 12-319 – Funding from CARB and CEC)
Advanced Plug-in Electric Vehicle Travel and Charging Behavior Final Report (CARB Contract 12-319 – Funding from CARB and CEC) April 10, 2020 Prepared By: Gil Tal, Ph.D. Seshadri Srinivasa Raghavan Vaishnavi Chaitanya Karanam Matthew P. Favetti Katrina May Sutton Jade Motayo Ogunmayin Jae Hyun Lee, Ph.D. Christopher Nitta, Ph.D. Kenneth Kurani, Ph.D. Debapriya Chakraborty, Ph.D. Michael Nicholas, Ph.D. Tom Turrentine, Ph.D. Prepared For: 1 Contents Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Table of Figures .............................................................................................................................. 5 List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. 9 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 11 Preface........................................................................................................................................... 13 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... 14 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 15 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... -
Linking Food and Tourism Within the Ecosystem Services Framework
sustainability Article Nature on a Plate: Linking Food and Tourism within the Ecosystem Services Framework Marta Derek Department of Tourism Geography and Recreation, Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] Abstract: This paper explores the links between local resources (the natural environment) and the local food on offer; i.e., what parts of nature reach the tourist’s plate. It is based on a content analysis of restaurant menus in the Great Masurian Lakes region, which is considered to be one of the main nature-based tourism destinations in Poland. The concept of Ecosystem Services (ES), closely interlinked with the idea of sustainable development, is employed as it recognizes the relationships between humans and the natural environment. The results indicate that food representing the region’s history is almost non-existent. Instead, the local food heritage is being reinvented based on the area’s iconic ES, i.e., wild food. In this way, the supply side of the ES cascade (ecosystem resources and potential) and its demand side (the benefits for tourists and the costs they pay to obtain these benefits) are encompassed on a tourist’s plate in Masurian restaurants. The findings also reveal that, in many cases, the localness of “local” food is an illusion. This, in turn, poses an important challenge for the sustainability of food (and) tourism in the studied area. Keywords: local food; restaurants; cultural ecosystem services; provisioning ecosystem services; heritage; sustainability; ES cascade Citation: Derek, M. Nature on a Plate: Linking Food and Tourism within the Ecosystem Services Framework. -
Tourism in Cold Water Islands: a Matter of Contract? Experiences from Destination Development in the Polar North
Island Studies Journal, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2008, pp. 97-112 REVIEW ESSAY: Tourism in Cold Water Islands: A Matter of Contract? Experiences from Destination Development in the Polar North. Per Åke Nilsson Centre for Regional and Tourism Research Bornholm, Denmark [email protected] Abstract Lack of local understanding and low preparedness for tourism characterise many remote communities of the Polar North, thus undermining positive attitudes towards tourism even if tourism is seen as a development force. The relatively new interest in Arctic regions as a tourist destination combined with different exogenous forces like globalization and climate change make the situation even more complex. The peripheral and insular location often renders cruise tourism as the only option. Under these circumstances, the readiness to accept tourism as a development tool varies from destination to destination, ranging from being seen as a passport to development to a threat to local culture and traditional life. In order to bridge these perception gaps, the idea of a mental or written contract between tourists and local residents is discussed. Keywords : Polar North, tourism, globalization, climate change, cruise ship, contract © 2008 – Institute of Island Studies, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada. Introduction Tourism’s importance as a driving force of economic and socio-cultural change in less developed regions has been well documented over the last three decades (Pearce, 1989; Lindberg & Johnson, 1997; Brown & Hall, 2000; Lundgren, 2001; Hall & Roberts, 2003). In many cases, tourism is regarded (at best) as one of the few realistic sectors for jump- starting the economies of these peripheral areas. This is because, inter alia , tourism is recognized as a labour intensive industry with a market for unskilled employees a source of foreign currency, a promoter for the intensified use of existing infrastructure, and a promoter of regional and international contacts (Jafari, 1996). -
Adventure Tourism Companies & Climate Change
Adventure Tourism Companies & Climate Change: Observations from the Himalaya, Amazon, and Polar Regions Spark Adaptation Strategies for Business Ryan Piotrowski, Cambridge University & Xola Consulting Adventure Tourism Companies & Climate Change: Observations from the Himalaya, Amazon, and Polar Regions Spark Adaptation Strategies for Business ABSTRACT In contrast to leisure tourism, where more emphasis may be placed on man-made settings, adventure tourism’s busi- ness model is thoroughly exposed to the slightest environmental changes. Adventure tour operators, with products and services that depend on healthy natural environments, have a regular and direct connection to important envi- ronmental issues such as climate change. The broader tourism industry has mainly focused on adaptation strategies for two major travel sectors so far — coastal island and ski tourism. This paper focuses on the smaller players in remote environments. We believe that while adventure tour operators may respond to climate impacts in varying ways depending on their location of their operations, they can apply similar business practices to cope with its effects on their business. This paper, written by Cambridge University student Ryan Piotrowski in collaboration with Xola Consulting, discusses and recommends management and business practices for sustaining adventure travel businesses in sensitive envi- ronments affected by climate change. An adventure travel company climate adaptation model is provided in the final section. The mitigation process of reducing carbon emissions is not the focus of this paper. Under the hypothesis that adventure tour operators experience the effects of climate change sooner and to a greater degree than most other tourism businesses, a case study approach was used to examine operators in three different regions: polar, mountain and tropical forest. -
Technical Proposal Cover Sheet
REGION II UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH CENTER REGION II Marshak Hall, Room 910 Tel: 212-650-8050 New York, New Jersey, The City College of NY Fax: 212-650-8374 Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands New York, NY 10031 Website: www.utrc2.org TECHNICAL PROPOSAL COVER SHEET PROPOSAL TITLE: Innovative Travel Data Collection PURSUANT TO: Z-14-04 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Name: Mitchell L. Moss Title: Director, Rudin Center; Henry Hart Rice Professor of Urban Policy and Planning Address: 295 Lafayette Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10012 Tel: 212-992-9865; Fax: 212-995-4166; Email: [email protected] CO-PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: Name: Sarah Kaufman Title: Digital Manager Address: 295 Lafayette Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10012 Tel: 212-992-9865; Fax: 212-995-4166; Email: [email protected] Name: Anthony Townsend Title: Senior Research Fellow Address: 295 Lafayette Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10012 Tel: 212-992-9865; Fax: 212-995-4166; Email: [email protected] SPONSOR: NYMTC RESEARCH PROJECT MANAGER: Name: Marilyn Lopez Title: Program Administrator Address: 295 Lafayette Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10012 Tel: 212-992-9865; Fax: 212-995-4166; Email: [email protected] PROJECT DURATION: 8 months DATE SUBMITTED: September 24, 2014 CONSORTIUM MEMBERS City University of New York, Clarkson University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Hofstra University, Manhattan College, New Jersey Institute of Technology, New York Institute of Technology, New York University, Polytechnic Institute of NYU, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rowan University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Rutgers University*, State University of New York, Stevens Institute of Technology, Syracuse University, The College of New Jersey, University of Puerto Rico *Member under SAFETEA-LU Legislation Table of Contents Part I: Technical and Management Submittal ............................................................................................. -
Tourism and Holocaust Remembrance
A Search for Authenticity: Telling the Truth about the Holocaust through Tourism Daniel Reynolds Grinnell College Origins of Tourism • Pilgrimage • Commerce • Education and Research Part I Tourism - Some Definitions • Daniel Boorstin, The Image (1964): – Pseudo-events, Superficial engagement with attractions, Knowledge replaced with Image, Tourist v. Traveler (Split in 19th Century) • Dean MacCannell – A way of overcoming the discontinuity of modernity, of incorporating its fragments into unified experience • Dennison Nash – Travelers at leisure, encounger between tourist and native • John Urry – The Tourist Gaze “They are tourists, I am not.” David Brown, “Genuine Fakes.” The Tourist Image: Myths and Myth-making in Tourism. New York: John Wiley, 1996. New Modalities of Tourism • Medical Tourism • Ecotourism • Service Tourism • Dark Tourism – Sites of death and disaster – Sites already heavily circulated in media “Holocaust Tourism”?? • G.J. Ashworth – – Related to Heritage toursim – Transgenerational identification with victimhood • Griselda Pollock – The touristic is transient; fails to distinguish “place” from “event” • James E Young – Unwitting consumers of exhibits as reality • Tim Cole – Theme Park, “Auschwitzland” Destinations and Visitors 2017 • Berlin’s Denkmal an die ermordeten Juden Europas (Information Center) – 470,000 • Yad Vashem – 925,000 • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum – 1,600,000 • Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum – 2,100,000 Visitors over Time 2500000 2000000 1500000 Berlin Yad Vashem 1000000 USHMM 500000 -
War-Zone Tourism: Thinking Beyond Voyeurism and Danger
330 War-Zone Tourism: Thinking Beyond Voyeurism and Danger Gada Mahrouse 1455 Boul de Maisonneuve West Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8 [email protected] Abstract Tourism to active war-zones appears to be growing in popularity. Internet searches on the topic indicate that two main issues about this trend have captured the public imaginary: (1) debates about its voyeuristic aspects, and, (2) concerns about the dangers it presents for tourists. In this commentary I suggest that these two preoccupations, in fact, distract us from more disconcerting and complex power dynamics at play in war-zone tourism and propose a reframing of the types of public debates and discussions the topic has provoked. Borrowing from the work of Debbie Lisle (2000), I suggest that more pertinent and productive questions to contemplate pertain to why this tourism trend is growing in popularity at this point in history as well as what subjects are made possible through war-zone tourism encounters. Focusing on media representations of one U.S. based specialized tour operator called War Zone Tours, I argue that what we ought to be concerned with are the ways in which these touristic practices promote a culture of comfort with militarization and privatization of security services, as well as the demarcation practices between Global North tourists and Global South “locals” that are naturalized and perpetuated through them. Published under Creative Commons licence: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 2016, 15(2): 330-345 331 In June 2014, I came upon an article with the title “The rise of dark tourism: When war-zones become travel destinations”.