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Simulation of Electrical Characteristics for Misalignment of Coil in Wireless Power Transfer System Using Repeating Coil

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Simulation of Electrical Characteristics for Misalignment of Coil in Wireless Power Transfer System Using Repeating Coil Proceedings of the 6th IIAE International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2018 Simulation of Electrical Characteristics for Misalignment of Coil in Wireless Power Transfer System Using Repeating Coil Akihiro Imakiire a,* , Hideaki Tokunaga a, Akihiro Kawagoe a, Masahiro Kozako a, Masayuki Hikita a aKyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, 804-8550, Japan *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Abstract characteristic against misalignment of the coil is important to transmit power to the load with high efficiency. The This paper compares the electrical characteristics of the electrical characteristics of other coil types along with the S-P type and the repeating coil type wireless power transfer S-P type, and the repeating coil type have been compared (WPT) system. The features of the two types of WPT by many researchers (1, 4). However, it is difficult to compare systems are described if the output power is same value the electrical characteristics in the same condition, because using the same coil model. The current and voltage values all the types have different features, circuit configurations, of resonance capacitor are high, and the output power and coil shapes. Thus it becomes difficult to determine a decrease when misalignment of coil occurs. Therefore, condition that is suitable for both types of the WPT system. compensation method for misalignment is investigated to Moreover, several different parameters and electrical suppress this burden of resonance capacitor when characteristics exist, consuming lot of time to conduct a misalignment of coil occurs. These results are calculated simulation and investigation. from circuit equations based on the results of This paper compares the electrical characteristics of the electromagnetic analysis and are investigated for automatic S-P type and the repeating type WPT system. The features guided vehicle (AGV) applications. Thus, if the repeating of the two types WPT system are described if the output coil maintains the center position between the primary and power is the same value using same coil model. The current secondary coils, the repeating coil type can suppress the and voltage values of the resonance capacitor are high when burden of the resonance capacitor and improve the misalignment of the coli occurs. Therefore, compensation transmission power. method is investigated to suppress this burden of resonance capacitor when misalignment of coil occurs. These results Keywords : wireless power transfer, repeating coil, are calculated from circuit equations based on the results of automatic guided vehicle, relay coil. electromagnetic analysis and are investigated for automatic guided vehicle (AGV) applications. It is useful to search for 1. Introduction optimum design conditions in the WPT system. In literature (5), the burden of the resonance capacitor in In recent years, the wireless power transfer (WPT) the WPT system was investigated. In literatures (6) and (7), system has been researched for various applications, such compensation method for misalignment using control or as electric vehicles (EV). There are numerous circuit coil shapes were studied. In addition, The Literature configurations with different electrical characteristics(1-4). (8)-(10) showed the two types dynamic wireless power The circuit configuration of the S-P type WPT system is transfer system such as using parallel line feeder or relay commonly used for EV applications, which has two coil(repeating coil), respectively. On the other hand, we resonance capacitors: one is connected in series with the have been studied the WPT system using the repeating coil primary coil, and the other is connected in parallel with the which is controlled the position (11-12). In this paper, we secondary coil. On the other hand, the WPT system with a investigate the electrical characteristics, compensation repeating coil (repeating coil type) is well known for its method, and the burden of the capacitor, when the repeating robust performance in the coil position. The electrical DOI: 10.12792/iciae2018.018 81 © 2018 The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers, Japan. S S S S Gap 7 1 3 5 S-P type i L D D D D 20 mm Secondary coil L1 1 7 1 3 5 IPM S 8 S S S 2 4 6 Primary coil V D D D D batt 8 2 4 6 0 x (Misalignment) mm PM motor driving system for AGV M S S 12 Gap 9 11 C L L C L Repeating coil type 1 1 r r 2 D D V 20 mm 1 3 dc Secondary coil Repeating coil S S 10 12 Primary coil D D r r r 2 4 1 M r M 2 1r r2 x Wireless power transfer system for AGV 0 (Misalignment) mm (a) System configuration (b) Coils model, and motion of repeating coil and secondary Fig. 1. Wireless Power Transfer System with Repeating Coil for Automatic Guided Vehicle. Table 1. Simulation condition. 2. Wireless power transfer system Parameters Value configuration for automatic guided vehicle Input voltage V1 (S-P type) 141 Vrms Input voltage V1 (Repeating coil type) 141 Vrms 2.1 Overall WPT system for AGV Input voltage V ’ (Repeating coil type) 1 Figures 1 (a) and (b) show the WPT system for AGV The output power is same value in the S-P type 254 V rms investigated thus far. Figure 1(a), shows the voltage booster and the repeating coil type that controls the battery current, DC link capacitor used V Frequency of input voltage 1 25 kHz commonly in the WPT system, and three phase inverter for G Gap length 20 mm motor of AGV. Figure 1 (b) shows the coil model and X Misalignment 0－80 mm motions of repeating coil and secondary coils. The R Load resistance L 100 Ω secondary coil position means the AGV position. In L Inductance 1(S-P type)@No misalignment 638 µH contrast, the repeating coil is set at the center between the L Inductance 2(S-P type)@No misalignment 637 µH primary and secondary coils to keep the output voltage L Inductance 1(Repeating coil type) constant. In other words, the repeating coil is controlled to 573 µH @No misalignment suppress the decrease in the output power. Inductance Lr(Repeating coil type) 638 µH 2.2 Simulation model of the S-P type and the @No misalignment repeating coil type Inductance L2(Repeating coil type) 638 µH @No misalignment Figure 2 shows the simulation model of the S-P type and Resonance capacitor C1(S-P type) 92 nF the repeating coil type. In both these types, the coil shape Resonance capacitor C2(S-P type) 64 nF and the number of turns are similar. However, with addition Resonance capacitor C1(Repeating coil type) 71 nF of the repeating coil type, the repeating coil is set at the Resonance capacitor Cr(Repeating coil type) 71 nF center of the primary and secondary coils. The gap length Internal resistance of coil r1, rr, r2 0.173 Ω and misalignment is defined in Fig. (1). In the simulation, Relative permeability of ferrite core 2300 misalignment is a parameter. The simulation condition, 125 ×125 ×5 physical property values, and size of coil are summarized in Ferrite core size [mm] Table 1. In addition, the input voltage V1 and the load R Diameter of coil Φ175 mm resistance L were set as sine waveforms and 100 Ω, Number of turns of coil 75 respectively, in the simulation. First, the output voltage and current of coil were simulated using electromagnetic analysis (ANSYS, coil maintains at the center of the primary and secondary Maxwell and Simplorer), and the inductance and mutual coils. inductance were calculated as parameters as shown in Fig. 82 Circuit simulation model (1) I2 I1 I1 I2 VVout V out 1V1 (2) Coil model 2 ωMr 2 ωM 1rMr 2 L2 − M 12 − L − M 1 − 1 2 12 C ωLr − ωLr − 1 ωCr ωCr 2 C (a) The S-P type ωM 1r ωM 1rMr 2 L1 − M 12 − 2 1 − 1 R ωLr − ωLr − L ωCr ωCr Circuit simulation model L − M 1 12 Irr ωM 1rMr 2 VVr M 12 − r 1 ∞ ωLr − ωCr I1 I2 I I L1 − M12 L2 − M12 1 2 1 RL C = 1 2 ω (L1 + L2 − 2M12 ) Vout V1 Vout V1 Coil model Fig. 3 Equivalent circuit model of the repeating coil type. 2.3 Equation model of the S-P type and the repeating coil type Equations of the S-P type and the repeating coil type are expressed as (1) and (2), respectively. The resonance (b) The repeating coil type capacitor value is decided to set the power factor of circuit Fig. 2 Simulation model using electromagnetic analysis. at 1.0. In addition, the equivalent circuit model of repeating type is shown in Fig. 3. It can be seen that the equivalent 2. circuit model of repeating coil type is similar to that of the Next, the simulation results using electromagnetic S-P type system. Furthermore, if the mutual inductances software and the calculation results using circuit equations M1r and Mr2 have the same value, and the repeating were compared. As a result, the validity of calculation resonance capacitor value is chosen as the resonance results was confirmed using circuit equations. Note that the frequency with repeating coil Lr, the output voltage can be calculation results derived using parameters such as constant. In this condition, resonance capacitor C2 is not inductance and mutual inductance were simulated using needed. Therefore, if the repeating coil position controls the electromagnetic software. The circuit equations are useful center between the primary and secondary coils, the output to design the WPT system when the influence of the voltage can be maintained constant with the input voltage parameter on the electrical characteristics of the WPT value Vin .
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