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Notes and References Notes and References 1 1947-9 1. Avi Shlaim, Collusion across the Jordan: King Abdullah, the Zionist Movement, and the Partition of Palestine, pp. 117-9. 2. GA res. 181 (11),29 November 1947; Jorge Garcia-Granados. The Birth of Israel: The Drama as I saw It, pp. 236-46; Nahum Goldmann, Memories, the Autobio­ graphy of Nahum Goldmann . .. , p. 243; Constantine K. Zurayk, The Meaning of the Disaster, p. 59; Henry Cattan, Palestine and International Law: The Legal Aspects of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, pp. 37-56; Robert John and Sami Hadawi (eds), The Palestine Diary, vol. 2, 1945-1948, pp. 261-2,271; FRUS, 1949, vol. VI, p. 1172. 3. SCOR, 3rd year, Special Supplement no. 2, S/663, p. 5; Hussein A. Hassouna, The League of Arab States and Regional Disputes: a Study of Middle East Conflicts, p. 278; 'Abdallah of Jordan, My Memoirs Completed, p. 10; Leila S. Kadi, Arab Summit Conferences and the Palestine Problem (/936-1950), (/964- 1966), pp. 55-6; John and Hadawi, pp. 281-8; John Bagot Glubb, A Soldier with the Arabs, pp. 78-9, 96; J. C. Hurewitz, The Struggle for Palestine, pp. 309-10; Edgar O'Ballance, The Arab-Israeli War, 1948, pp. 36-7, 86; Kenneth W. Bilby, New Star in the Near East, p. 67; Fauzi al-Qawuqji, 'Memoirs, 1948', Journal of Palestine Studies, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 27-58, and vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 3-33. 4. Michael Bar-Zohar, The Armed Prophet: A Biography of Ben-Gurion, trans. Len Ortzen, London, Barker, 1967, p. 108; Netanel Lorch, The Edge of the Sword: Israel's War of Independence, 1947-1949, p. 401; Menachem Begin, The Revolt: story of Irgun, pp. 213-5; Jon Kimche and David Kimche, Both Sides of the Hill: Britain and the Palestine War, pp. 80-1, 85-7, 89-90. 5. Yigal Allan, The Making of Israel's Army, pp. 73-5, 105; Bilby, p. 74; Golda Meir, My Life, pp. 236-7; Goldmann, p. 309; Abba Eban, 'Tragedy and Triumph', in M. W. Weisgal and J. Carmichael (eds), Chaim Weizmann, p. 257; Michael Brecher, The Foreign Policy System of Israel: Setting, Images, Process, pp. 261, 387-91. For a discussion of anticipatory self-defence, see D. W. Bowett, The Use of Force in International Law, Manchester, University Press, 1958, pp. 187-93, and Ian Brownlie, International Law and the Use of Force by States, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1963, pp. 257-61,275-8. 6. David Ben-Gurion, Israel: Years of Challenge, p. 36; Allon, p. 31 n. 2; Kimche and Kimche, p. 91. 7. SCOR, 3rd year, 253rd mtg (24 February 1948), pp. 271-2; 260th mtg (2 March 1948), p. 403; Special Supplement no. 2, pp. 1-10, S/663; FRUS, 1948, vol. V part 2, p. 545; Abba Eban, An Autobiography, p. 100. 8. SCOR, 3rd year, Supplement for January-March 1948, pp. 14-23, AlAe. 21/13; Special Supplement no. 2, pp. 11-19, S/676; 253rd mtg (24 February 1948), pp. 258-9; David Ben-Gurian, Israel: A Personal History, p. 216. 9. SCOR, 3rd year, 258th mtg (27 February 1948), p. 345-9; 262nd mtg (5 March 1948), pp. 11-12; 270th mtg (19 March 1948), pp. 148, 151-4; 271st mtg (19 March 1948), p. 155-7; 274th mtg (24 March 1948), p. 245; 277th mtg (1 April 1948), pp. 5-6, 23-4, 28; Supplement for May 1948, pp. 1-37, smo, S/721. 10. Part 1.B of Partition Plan attached to GA res. 181 (II); SCOR, 3rd year, Special 426 Notes and References to pp. 5-8 427 Supplement no. 2, pp. 2,6,7,20,24, S/663, S/695; GA res. 186 (S-2); FRUS, 1948, vol. V part 2, p. 995 n. 3. 11. SCOR, 3rd year, 283rd mtg (16-17 April 1948), pp. 38-40; 287th mtg (23 April 1948), pp. 15--33; SC res. 48 (S/727) , 23 April 1948; S/845 , 21 June 1948 (mimeo); Organization and Procedure of United Nations Organs: no. X, me­ diator and acting mediator for Palestine, memorandum submitted by the Secretary-General to the Interim Committee of the General Assembly, 1950, para. 59; GA res. 194 (III). 12. TCOR, 2nd session, 3rd part, Annex, pp. 2-3, Al544; GAOR, 2nd special session, Annex, p. 38 (AlC.1I298); 135th plenary mtg (14 May 1948), pp. 33--6; GA res. 187 (S-2), 6 May 1948; S-ydney D. Bailey, 'Non-official mediation in disputes: reflections on Quaker experience', International Affairs, vol. 61, no. 2 (1985), pp. 206-7. 13. GAOR, 2nd special session, Annex, p. 44 (AlC.1/299); First Committee, 140th mtg (13 May 1948), pp. 242-9; GA res. 186 (S-2), 14 May 1948; SCOR, 3rd year, 358th mtg (18 September 1948), p. 2; Garcia-Granados, pp. 285--6. 14. The Security Council used a variety of formulations in calling for or ordering a halt to the fighting in 1948. The period from 11 June to 9 July 1948 was usually known as the 'First Truce', and the period from 18 July as the 'Second Truce': it would have been more correct to call them cease-fires, and I have done so except in quotations. 15. GA res. 194 (III), 11 December 1948, and 212 (III), 19 November 1948; SC res. 72 and 73 (S/1376, I and II), 11 August 1949; Venkata Raman, The Ways of the Peacemaker: A Study of United Nations Intermediary Assistance in the Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, UN Institute for Training and Research, 1975 (PS no. 8) p.46. 16. SC res. 50 (S/801) , 29 May 1948; S/928 , 28 July 1948 (mimeo), p. 6; Folke Bernadotte, To Jerusalem, p. 250; Shabtai Rosenne, Israel's Armistice Agree­ ments with the Arab States, p. 18 n. 8; N. Bar-Yaacov, The Israel-Syrian Armistice: Problems of Implementation, 1949-1966, p. 295; see also GAOR, 3rd session, Supplement no. 11, Al648 (hereafter cited as 'Bernadotte's Report'), pp. 38, 40; SC res. 73 (S/1376, II), 11 August 1949. 17. GA res. 194 (III). 18. After the lapse of the Mandate, the British consul-general in Haifa continued to address communications to 'the Jewish authorities at Tel Aviv', but the letters were returned unopened. When crossing the Atlantic in the Queen Elizabeth Abba Eban met Sir Alexander Cadogan, Britain's UN ambassador, emerging from the ship's chapel. Although Eban considered that Cadogan had always treated him with 'frigid disdain', there was a polite conversation, but Eban was unable to forbear from asking Cadogan if he had been praying to the God of Abraham, Isaac, and the Jewish authorities: Eban, pp. 137,151; Walter Eytan, The First Ten Years: A Diplomatic History of Israel, p. 8; James G. McDonald, My Mission in Israel, 1948-1951, p. 20. 19. Allon, esp. pp. 3, 16, 117-19, 123-30, 219-21; Nicholas Bethell, The Palestine Triangle: The Struggle between the British, the Jews and the Arabs 1935-48, London, Deutsch, 1979, p. 126; Jon Kimche, Seven Fallen Pillars: the Middle East, 1948-1952, pp. 153 n., 154, 170-2, 182, 184-5,232,242-3. 20. Hassouna, pp. 287-9; John and Hadawi, p. 286 n.; John Glubb, Britain and the Arabs: A Study of Fifty Years, 1908-1958, London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1959, p. 287; GAOR, 3rd session, First Committee, Annexes, pp. 21-3, AlC.1/335 and AlC.1I339, 15 and 17 October 1947. 21. SCOR, 3rd year, 253rd mtg (24 February 1948), pp. 226-7, 271-2; 254th mtg 428 Notes and References to pp. 9-15 (24 February 1948), pp. 247-92; 258th mtg (27 February 1948), p. 344; 260th mtg (2 March 1948), pp. 400, 402-3; 261st mtg (3 March 1948), p. 6; 262nd mtg (5 March 1948), pp. 2~; 263rd mtg (5 March 1948), pp. 34-44; SC res. 42 (S/691), 5 March 1948. 22. Report on the Work of the International Committee of the Red Cross, 1 July 1947-31 December 1948, Geneva, 1949, pp. 102-4; International Committee of the Red Cross in Palestine, pp. 1-4; Jacques de Reyner, A Jerusalem un drapeau flottait sur la ligne de feu, pp. 46-51, 68. 23. Meir, pp. 131, 164; Eban, p. 89; Brecher, p. 563. 24. Nahum Goldmann, The Jewish Paradox, trans. Steve Cox, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1978, p. 88; Maxime Rodinson, Israel and the Arabs, p. 14; Pablo de AZClirate y Florez, Mission in Palestine, 1948-1952, pp. 5-9, 14-15; FRUS, 1948, vol. V part 2, p. 974; SCOR, 3rd year, Special Supplement no. 2, pp. 20-8, S/695. 25. SCOR, 3rd year, 270th mtg (19 March 1948), pp. 142-3. 26. Ibid., 271st mtg (19 March 1948), pp. 167-8, 169; Department of State Bulletin, 28 March 1948, p. 408; FRUS, 1948, vol. V part 2, pp. 565, 580, 617-18, 624, 628,640,644,697 n. 2, 740, 743, 744 n. 2,748-9, 750, 862 n. 1; see also Sumner Welles, We Need Not Fail, Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1948, pp. 70, 71, 84; Jonathan Daniels, The Man of Independence, pp. 318-19; Phillip Jessup, The Birth of Nations, pp. 262-74; Garcia-Granados, p. 271. 27. SC res. 43 and 44 (SI714, I and II), 1 April 1948; SCOR, 3rd year, 277th mtg (1 April 1948), pp. 36-40. 28. Glubb, p. 80; Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre, a Jerusalem!, pp. 276-7. 29. Moshe Dayan, Story of my Life, pp. 71,73,99, 100. 30. FRUS, 1948, vol.
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