VOL, 17. BATTLE CREEK. MIOH.. APE IL, 1382. NO, 4.

MEDICAL GYMNASTICS, OR SWEDISH Figs. 1 and 2 represent exercise of the arm, flexion and extension. These move­ MOVEMENTS. ments, like most other passive movements, BY THE EDITOR. are applicable to persons who are either Passive and Active-passive M ove­ too weak to take active exercise, or are m e n t s .— This class o f movements requires suffering from paralysis which renders the assistance of a skilled attendant. them incapable of doing so. It is a most useful exercise in cases of rigidity o f the

joints as the result of fractures, sprains, or other accidents which require long inac­ tivity'. It should be employed in all such cases; and neglect of'this important meas- Many of them may he learned by almost any intelligent person, however, and their

ure in cases requiring it has not infre­ quently' resulted in irreparable injury to great utility warrants a brief description the affected joints. in this connection. Fig. 3 illustrates flexion and extension 98 GOOD HEALTH. o f the hand at the wrist; to be used in the Fig. 8 illustrates the same movement same cases as the preceding. applied to the foot. Fig. 4 indicates the same kind of exer­ cise applied to the lower extremities.

Fig. 9 shows the position of the lower limbs and the hands of the attendant in applying the rotary movement to the hip- joint. Fulling Movement.— Fig. 10 illustrates a form o f passive movement which has Figs. 5 and 6 represent an attendant in the act of flexing and extending the foot of a paralytic patient.

been appropriately designated as the “ lull­ Fig. 7 shows the method of rotating the ing ” movement. The cut represents the hand at the wrist, a means of treatment movement as applied to the arm. It is applied to the head, neck, trunk, and lower limbs in a similar manner. It is an ex­

often found useful in cases in which there is deficient mobility of the joint.

cellent means for encouraging assimilation and relieving internal congestion by in­ GOOD HEALTH. 99* creasing the circulation of the blood in the the right side and pressed upward to the surface of the body. ribs, across to the opposite side, and then K S e a d i n g . — Fig. 11 illustrates a method downward to a point opposite the place of kneading the muscles of the arm- of starting. Either one or both hands The muscles of the arm are grasped at may be applied, and the movement may its upper extremity by the thumb and be made as gentle or as vigorous as the finger, being rubbed to and fro between condition of the patient or the effect de­ them as the hand passes along the sired may require. At the outset o f treat­ arm. In a similar manner the whole ment it will often be found that great ten­ body may be kneaded. Kneading of the derness is present, so that the most gentle bowels, applied in a manner similar to that manipulation must be employed; but an in which a baker kneads bread, employ­ experienced manipulator will at first avoid ing either one or both hands, is a most the tender points, gradually encroaching excellent means of relieving slow diges­ upon them more and more; until finally tion and chronic constipation. as great a degree of vigor may be em­ ployed as is desired. C l a p p i n g .—Fig. 13. This movement consists in alternate percussion of the sur-

F i g . 12.

S t r o k i n g . — Fig. 1 2 illustrates a move­ ment known as stroking. The hands are Fio. 13. applied to the part of the body to which /a ce with the palms of the hands. It is the movement is being applied, and are one of the most generally applicable of all moved slowly from above downward at the forms of movement, being usefully ap­ first, and then afterward in an opposite plied after nearly all forms of water bath. direction, in such a manner avs to follow Whenever it is necessary to excite activity the course of the veins and thus encourage of the surface, it is an admirable measure. the venous circulation. The application Its effect is evidenced by the red color of may be a very gentle one, soothing in the skin which almost invariably, follows character, or may be sufficiently vigorous its application. to secure a considerable degree of exer­ C h o p p in g ,— Fig. 14. This movement cise. Applied to the head and spine, is similar to the preceding, the only differ­ stroking is a very excellent sedative,'often ence being that the edge of the hand, in­ securing sleep in persons who are unable stead o f the palm, is used in application. to sleep on account of nervousness. Strok­ In both chopping and clapping, it is im ing the abdomen is an excellent means of portant that the movement of the hand increasing the activity of the bowels, and should be wholly from the wrist, which should be made to follow the course of the should be kept perfectly flexible. When colon, so as to encourage the downward the Avrists are rigid, the movement being passage of the contents of the bowels. made from the elbows, the effect produced The hands should be applied low down on is unpleasant, the patient feeling as though 100 GOOD HEALTH. ho were being pounded. In chopping, the decided, on anatomical grounds, that man blow should be quick and sharp, though was neither herbivorous nor carnivorous little force should be employed. but frugivorous,— a fruit-eating animal. Next they estimated the precise amount of food and drink that was necessary to support the reserve and the active life in the varied stages o f life. Again, they determine the reduction that is required when the reserve life is withdrawn, and when, the active life being left alone, it is the more requisite that no additional surplus o f tissue or fluid should encumber the body. Step by step they were led to the introduction of an entire change of food and feeding. Animals were given up as a source of sustenance; F i g . 14. fruits became in demand; the bread-tree The surface should be struck with the competed with the wheat grain; the fingers, which should bo kept a little way banana and the grape were largely in apart, and held loosely, so that they will use; water and the juices of fruit entirely clap together with each stroke. The ob­ superseded malt beverages; while chem­ ject of the movement is to secure by quick, istry transmuted man}' vegetable substan­ short blows rapid contraction of the mus­ ces into most perfectly digestible foods for cles. It is a most excellent means o f pas­ every variety of age and constitution. Of sive exercise, and a most efficient promoter animal substances, milk only and the pro­ of assimilation. Chopping may be ap­ ducts of it—butter and cheese—retained plied to the whole body. It should be full sway. Of the vegetable kingdom, not executed systematically. frugiverous, cereals, pulses, tomatoes, peas, potatoes, and other fresh vegetables, with the edible fungi, maintained their useful THE OVERWORKED ORGAN. place; and, in respect to quantity of food T he second of the final advancements and drink, not more than half, by weight, had relation to food and feeding. The was consumed, compared to what had physiologists, dealing with the two ques­ been consumed before. tions of digestion and food fo r digestion, The change thus commenced became were led to the conclusion that a consid­ universal. It modified not in the least erable shortening o f life was caused by the the spirit of hospitality, while it refined it excess of work which was put on the di­ immeasurably. To banquet for the sake gestive organs. They bore in mind the of sensual gratification became an obsolete fact that many persons die from the wear­ vulgarity; to eat till the sense of oppres­ ing out of one particular organ, the rest sion from food was the accepted index of being still healthy. Of all organs they I enough, and nothing le§s, was considered agreed that the stomach is the most ex­ worse than vulgar; while the value of ab­ posed to this danger. It is worked so stinence to the body at large by the sav­ much more in comparison with other ing o f digestive power and of stomach cell- organs, that it must be the first to die life, added another period to the general unless the uses to which it is put are life that had already been acquired. . . . wisely directed. They found on inquiry Then when the Sun became the fellow- that the truth was as they suspected, and workman of the people of Salutis-land, the that the stomach was distressed both by redemption of their bodies from premature quantity and quality of food. This led to | death was carried out with the fullest quite a social revolution. Following a success. The people saved millions in suggestion thrown out by Flourens, they money, but this was nothing to the sav- GOOD HEALTH. 101 ing in health. . . . All Salutis-land laid you are tired and listless from foul air; you down like one vast living world, to enter sleep disturbed and awaken unrefreshed oblivion, and to wake from it filled with from foul air; ten in every thousand of you another spell o f life, ready and happy to die yearly from foul air. Happier by far greet another day. The hundred years to sleep on a rude pallet in a garret, (as the natural term of human life) in through whose thatched roof the stars Salutis-land were won.— Salutis-land, by twinkle, than on the downiest couch in Dr. B. W. Bichardson, F. B. S. the alcoved recess of a palace chamber, whose heavy hangings stifle the still air which curtained windows have imprisoned HEALTH, THE TRUE NOBILITY .* and fire and sewer have poisoned! Better BY DR. ALBERT L. GIHON, U. S. X. shiver as they do in Europe around a por­ CONCLUDED. celain calorifere, than drowse in lethargic T h e nausea which assails you in the j stupor from breathing the mephitic atmos­ confined cabin below the water-line or in J phere of an appartment, overheated by the the musty, pestiferous sleeping holes of a j furnaces and flues by which modern inge­ Pulman car, disappears when you have ac- j nuity contributes to the defilement of the cess to the free air, as does the drowsiness air, accomplished by coal gas, illuminating which possesses you in church, and which gas, sewer gas, and human exhalations. you have ascribed to the prosy sermon, j The one gift of which nature has been so When the public can be made to realize that munificent that peasant and prince alike one-half the men, women, and children can boast a boundless wealth of it,—the who are falling dead around us have died one whose purity she has so carefully pro­ before their time from preventable diseases, vided that it can only be polluted by con­ and that most of these are due directly or fining it,— that of all others most essential indirectly to impure air, they will appre­ to the healthy maintenance of the body, is ciate how momentous is this problem of fresh air. Chief food of the well— most keeping clean the atmosphere we breathe. potent of remedies for the sick! Place the Yet air as deadly may be found in the convalescent where the bright sun-warmed sumptuous palaces of princes and million- 1 air can kiss her pallid cheeks; lead the aires. Men build costly mansions, and careworn man from the murky recesses of heedlessly fit them with contrivances de­ his office to the sea-shore, where the fresh signed to aid that indolence of luxury breeze comes skipping over the waves; which spares the flaccid muscles the send the swarms of feeble, emaciated slightest effort, and which, through their children from the dark, damp courts and unsanitary construction, destroy their cellars of the city into -the green fields, children and themselves. with their air perfumed by wild flowers, The victims of typhoid and diphtheria I if you would witness the magic that can sleep without waking on satin cushions in be wrought by this invisible agent. But rosewood coffins. Our own children go to j is health only possible in the sunshine, on ill-ventilated schools by day, and sleep in I the sea-shore, or upon the open fields? No! ill-ventilated rooms by night. The in­ The air of the city may be as pure as that valid teacher, fretted by the cares of her of the mountain top if it be given scope to vocation, enfeebled by her sedentary life free itself of impurities. The nursery and and cheerless solitude, tries to supplant the schoolroom, the chamber and the of­ her failing heat-producing power by clos­ fice, the court-room, the theatre and the ing windows and doors and building fires, church, can all be habitable, if human in­ until the crimson which the sun-light had telligence will lend itself to this one prob­ stamped on the child’s cheek fades, and lem of cleansing the air— if the masses will she too shivers at the fresh air’s touch- realize that invisible, impalpable filth is as You, too, suffer headache trom foul air; noxious as that filth which offends the sight and touch, and infinitely more to be * A paper read before a recent meeting of the American Public Health Association. dreaded. Learn to shun this, and the great 102 GOOD HEALTH.

victory of sanitary science will have been only disfigurements of the fairest face, but won. shameful evidences of maternal neglect It is almost supererogatory to do more and incapacity. than suggest that the law o f cleanliness With this I might cease to claim your involves cleanliness o f the body itself as attention. When the lungs are hourly well as of the habiliments with which it is filled with pure air, and the clean body is clothed and the domicile it inhabits. One bathed in its sunlit ocean, the enlivened need not be a physiologist to understand blood will crave its proper food, and the what wonderous influence a clean skin awakened appetite may be safely trusted has upon the harmony of the functions, to select it. Food has hitherto engrossed how many pounds o f effete material are the attention of hygienists to the exclu­ cast off by it during the day, and how sion o f this weightier matter o f fresh air. necessary that this human refuse should Bat what you please of the good things of be.removed. The dry, grimy skin is nei­ this life, only be sure to eat enough. Re­ ther healthful, comfortable, nor beautiful nounce the heresy that it is wise tq, rise If the prize of health be not incentive from the table with hunger unappeased, enough, nor the sense of comfort be an in­ and above all do not send the little help­ ducement to frequent bathing, the clear less dependents on your bounty supperless complexion and soft, smooth, velvet sur­ to bed, to have their empty stomachs rack face o f the clean man and clean woman them with unquiet slumber. The gaunt­ should induce every human being to avail eyed gaze of the poor, under-fed shop-girl himself or herself of this cheap balm of is a sadder sight than her scantily clad beauty. form, but the saddest sight o f all is the Man breathes through skin as well as spectacle of the poverty stricken mother lungs, and if I have succeeded in con­ spending her little stock of hard-earned vincing you that the airy aliment with pennies for drugs for the feeble child, which the inner man is fed must be innoc­ which, like herself, needs only abundant uous. I would have you not forget that the food to be well. Let the food be good and outer man cannot wallow indolently in wholesome, plentiful in quantity, and not the human waste, which the processes of ruined by cooking. National and sectional life accumulate about and upon him, with­ habits become idiocratic, and are not out falling from that high caste of phys­ easily eradicated. The Yankee stomach ical manhood to which his superior devel­ delights in pies and baked beans, while opment entitles him. Time will not per­ hog and hominy are in equal favor in mit me to enter into the details of the toi­ Dixie. Banish the pie board from the let, beyond insisting that a matutinal North and the frying-pan from the South, washing of the face and hands, and an oc­ and thousands will live who now perish. casional ablution of the feet, are not all The cook is a mighty power. Amid the the care of' person that health requires. smoke and vermin o f the kitchen he The undergarments, freighted with their wages war on the people who despise him. load o f organic debris, must be changed He sugars the venomed pill, and sweetens and cleansed, and the porous surface of the poisoned draught, and with disdain­ the body freed from the dry, horn-like ful contumely bids you eat, drink, and coating of epithelial scales, which neglect die. Dignify his calling, and expound its allows to form and interfere with the cu­ mysteries to the ruler of the drawing taneous exhalation. Man is pre-eminently room. Let the young mistress of the the creature of habit. The child trained house know that culinary chemistry is as to be clean from bii'th will look upon elevated a study as th'e physiological sponge and bath and tooth-brush as indis- chemistry by her brother. pensible, and will walk all its days on the The sanitarian who has invaded the cleanly path on which its mother first penetralia o f the household, who has taught it to pick its footsteps. The sor­ fought his way from kitchen to dining did teeth and fetor-tainted breath are not room and salon, may pause before he seeks GOOD HEALTH. 103 to peer beyond the curtained entrance of thousand starchy congeners. The little the dressing-room. Though he disclaim a child toddles to school to have its brain purpose to assail the aesthetics of the bou­ prematurely stimulated by mental aliment doir, and invoke the womanhood of Hy- as indigestible as the viands put into its geia as his authority for pointing out stomach, by day cheated of its out­ wherein they have failed to obey her laws, door life, and burdened with nightly tasks, mother and daughter, grandmother and sits blearing its eye-sight over illegible grandchild will bar the portal against print by flickering lights. It enters upon him, and in spite of the goddess’s precepts adolescence with sallow face, bent form, and his warnings, will clothe the future round shoulders, flat chest, and thin, frail woman as they were clothed, and flock limbs. I f a boy, the weakly semblance of around the gaudy shrine where fickle a man, learns to smoke cigars or cigarettes, fashion holds her sway. He may unveil arresting development, obtunding his the ample-waisted Yen us, but they will brain, and impairing his vital powers, un­ turn admiringly to the costumed model til he is only fit to be the father of one or in the modiste’s window. He may point two puny, whining, suffering little repeti­ to the index of the spirometer, which tions of himself. I f a girl, her shrunken proves unerringly that no woman who chest disguised into an absurd imitation wears a corset can fully inflate her lungs, of the shape of woman, her cheeks un­ and they will contemptuously lift the edge tinted save by cosmetic art, defying the and ask if that be tight. He demonstrates elements in mid-winter in thin stockings, how the loosest stays prevent the rising paper-soled shoes, and phantom under­ o f the ribs and flatten the bust, and sum­ clothing, she lives in the foul, over-heated mons the full-formed Andalusian, Moorish atmosphere of the ball-room, spurring her Jewess, and Manillian to bear him witness. feeble energies by the stimulus of excite­ He shows by diagrams how the French- ment and beef tea to spurts of muscular heeled boot paralyzes the muscles of the effort, or saving herself when about to fall leg, attenuates the calf, and deforms the gasping by rushing to the open windows, foot; and argues in vain that a ring in she survives by chance to become a mother the nose is no more barbaric than rings — a mother unfit for maternity. I f parents piercing the pink lobed ear, and that a thus idly witness the immolation of their mountain of hair, robbed from some vic­ children, they are not more tolerant to tim of the morgue, and piled on oval, flat, themselves. They labor to amass riches, elongated heads, without regard to sym­ to attain position, to acquire power, spurn­ metry, is both hideous and unhealthful. ing the head health counsels, the man The corset maker waxes rich, and her withering and molding under the pleas- hour-glass shaped abomination, fitly like ureless monotony of office routine, the w o­ the grim symbol of Time, the destroyer, man bending and breaking beneath the continues to distort, deform, and destroy servile drudgery of domestic burdens, her the beautiful outlines of nature’s grandest feminine charms and soft attractions van­ masterpiece. ishing to give place to the slattern’s It is not my purpose to discuss the grime and wrinkled coarseness, they thousand sinnings against the divine Hy- shamble along life’s highway to fall before geia’s laws which we all commit daily. they reach their goal, or reaching it, to Our children as soon as born are thwarted find the crown and laurel mirrored on a in their natural instincts by grandams death’s head, the sceptre in a skeleton’s and doting fathers and anxious mothers, hands, and the gaudy trappings shrouding who either starve them through fear of a living corpse. over-feeding, or gorge them into dyspeptic Oh ! men and women who listen to me, surfeits. The breast that should nurture if you would not yourselves, nor have them is unfitted for its office or denied your children, meet this terrible fate, give them, and stalwart boys and girls are ear in time to the words of warning that sought to be built up of farina and its we of this association utter. If you would 104 GOOD HEALTH. taste the sweets of this bright, beautiful, is that to which it should aspire, that only glorious world, and live happy lives, un­ the cultured body can be a fit residence marred by pain and sorrow, see that the of the sound mind, that though the garb greed of gain, the ignorance of the truth, be humble and the station obscure, the the blindness of unreasoning gratification manhood of the man and the womanhood do not swerve you from the course of of the woman will be manifest in the right living, which can alone make you bright eye, the blood-mantled cheek, the ro­ hale, hearty, vigorous, godlike men and bust form, and the vigorous life shown in women. Do not wait until disease stalks every movement? Every woman may into your homes, and then rush to sum­ not have symmetrical outlines of face and mon the physician, in the hope that he figure, but she need be marred by no will in a day undo the evil you have sickly hue, emaciated frame, and faltering wrought in years. Oh ! the monstrous gait. Her heart should send a current of incredulity of this enlightened age ! The healthful blood to animate a form that learned lawyer and divine, statesman and knows no ailing. The center of a bright, merchant prince, are heedless of sanitary joyous existence, she should be fit help­ teachings till their loved ones are stricken meet, companion, friend, and lover, equally by the scourge they might have prevented. participating and reciprocating all the They, as well as their less gifted f'ellow- joys of sense and understanding of one, heings, hasten to swallow drugs and nos­ who, like herself, without blemish, stands trums to relieve the bodily afflictions they proudly peer o f all his fellows,— a nature’s have deliberately invited. Hamlet and nobleman. city are ablaze with the colored lights of the apothecary’s shop, whose bottle-bur­ A PARAGRAPH FOR SMOKERS. dened shelves find eager patrons. Public T he following paragraph is of practical nuisances exist in great cities under the interest to cigarette smokers who do not very eyes of the magistrates. The noi­ care to regale themselves with gleanings some refuse of the streets lies decompos­ from the gutter, and are satisfied with be- | ing in the sun, sending its poisonous eman­ ations into every house. A few decrepit coming slaves to the tyrant, nicotianct laborers, with brooms they can scarcely tobacum, without becoming entangled in wield, brush off the surface into little the toils of the opium habit:— heaps, to be scattered by passing vehicles, “ I ran across a cigarette factory the and the miserable farce is unconcernedly other day. Whew! I would n’t write—or, witnessed by the intelligence of the age,— rather, you wouldn’t dare print what I the same intelligence which commits to saw. Dirty butts of cigars fresh from the an ignorant mechanic the sanitary con­ filth of the muddy streets are the cleanest struction of a house, whose defects make and nicest of the material used in compil­ ■it a more dangerous habitation than the ing these precious roads to ruin. I came j widely creviced log-cabin of the frontiers­ down town on a Madison Avenue car this man. The details o f the midnight mur­ evening, and on the tail end there were der are carefully perused, while the health three little chaps, the oldest about four- * officer’s solemn utterance,—thirty, forty teen. Each smoked a cigarette and spat men, women, and children in every thou­ his little life away. I ventured to ask if sand have died— fifteen, twenty o f these they enjoyed the odor. They said they from preventable diseases— fifteen, twenty did. And the taste ? Certainly. On in­ murdered by ignorance that is unpardon­ quiring I found they had a well-known able, by indifference that is culpable, by brand of cigarette, noted for its “ opium neglect that is criminal,— falls on unlisten­ soak” and its terrible smell when burning. ing ears. Poor little fellows! They can’t last long. Is it a harsh law, “ Thou shalt be clean ” ? They were pale and sickly, puny and of­ Is it an arduous duty for the parent to in­ fensive. What kind of men will they struct the child that the nobility of health make ? Men! They’re men already in GOOD HEALTH. 105 their own eyes. They and a majority of women knew how to compound it. You our little lads are full of the slang of the had but to chew the leaves, and your sad­ day, up in all the catches, and abundantly ness was whelmed with hilarity. But able to hold up their end of a conversation- nepenthe passed out from the considera­ I subsequently saw these three boys in tion of the world. Next came hasheesh, Ni bio’s Garden. It would have done you which is made from Indian hemp. It is good to hear them talk. A blind man manufactured from the flowers at the top, might reasonably think he was listening or workmen in leathern clothing walk to three old men. Nothing was new. through the field of hemp, and the exuda­ They had seen it all before, and better tion from the hemp adheres to the leathern done at that. Down went the curtain, garments, and then this exudation is out went the boys, but before they felt scraped off, and prepared with aromatics, the first breath of fresh air from the street and becomes an intoxicant for the people. each puny hand held a cigarette to the Whole nations have been stimulated, nar­ vile-smelling mouth, and puff! puff! they cotized, and made imbecile with this ac­ sickened everybody in their vicinity. cursed hasheesh. The visions kindled by This is an old grievance of mine, and I that drug are said to be gorgeous and do n’t care to bore you with it, but I feel magnificent beyond all description; but it it keenly. finally takes down body, mind, and soul “ Day by day vice grows stronger. in horrible death. I knew one of the There was a time when cigarette-smoking most brilliant men of his day. Whether was confined almost entirely to Cubans, he appeared in magazine, or in book, or who knew what good tobacco was, and in newspaper column, he was an enchant­ made their own cigarettes. Gradually ment. He could in the course of an hour’s the habit spread. Dealers followed suit. conversation produce more wit and strange Makers became unscrupulous. Little information than almost any man I ever dirty boys were sent out to pick up cigar talked with. But he chewed hasheesh. stumps. Other equally disgusting ma­ He did so first as a matter of curiosity, to terial was also utilized. Opium was made see whether the powers ascribed to it to do duty. Cheap paper took the place really belonged to it. He put his hand of rice paper. I wish these boys could into the creature’s den to see whether it see the stuff their paper is made from! would bite, and he found out to his com­ Wouldn’t it turn their little stomachs? I plete undoing. His father, who was a trow, I trow! The cheap paper, the old minister of the Gospel, prayed for him and stumps, the opium, and the chemicals used counseled him, and obtained for him the to make them “ strong” deserve to be best medical prescription of the best physi­ shown up.” cians in New York, Philadelphia, Paris, | London, Edinburgh, and Berlin. He said he could not stop. A large circle of friends THE PLAGUE NARCOTIC. put their wits together to try to rescue BY KEV. T. DE WITT TALMAGE. j him; but he went on down. First, his [T he following sermon is one of a series body gave way in pangs and convulsions recently delivered by the author on “ The of suffering; then his mind gave way, and Ten Plagues.” It is a very forcible pre­ he became a raving maniac; then he went sentation of the subject.—Ed.] blaspheming God into a starless eternity. “ The first plague which I shall mention He was only about thirty years of age. is the plague narcotic. In all ages the Behold the ravages of- this Persian and world has sought out some flower, or Egyptian weed called hasheesh! herb, or weed to stimulate its lethargy or Opium demands emphatic recognition. to compose its grief. A drug called J It is made, as you know, from the white nepenthe was widely used among the poppy. It is not a new discovery. We ancient Greeks and the ancient Egyptians read of it three hundred years before for narcotic purposes. The Theban Christ, but it was not until the seventeenth 106 GOOD HEALTH.

century that it began its death march, opium-eaters. Oman! O woman! are you passing out from the medicinal and cura­ tampering with this habit? Have you tive, and by smoking and mastication be­ just begun ? Are you, for the assuage­ coming the scourge of nations. In the ment of physical distresses or mental year 1861 there were imported into this trouble, making this a regular resource ? country 109,000 pounds o f opium, but last I beg you stop! The ecstasies at the start year, 533,000 pounds o f opium. It is esti­ will not pay for the horrors at the last. mated that in the year 1876 there were in The paradise is followed too soon by the this country 225,000 opium-consumers, pandemonium. Morphia is a blessing but I saw a statistic yesterday that said from God for the relief of sudden pang or there are probably now in the United acute dementia, but was never intended States at least 500,000 opium-consumers. for prolonged use. And what the pecu­ The fact is appalling. Do not think that liar sadness of it is, it comes to people in they are merely barbaric fanatics who go their weak moments. De Quincey says, down under that stroke. Eead the great “ I took it for rheumatism.” Coleridge De Quincey’s “ Confessions o f an Opium- says, “ I took it for insomnia, or sleepless­ Eater.” He says he wont on until he took ness.” What do you take it for ? Do not three hundred and twenty gains a day. take it too long. What is remarkable, He says for the first ten years it gave they are going down from the highest and him the keys o f Paradise. But it takes the wealthiest classes and from the most his own powerful pen to describe the hor­ fashionable circles of Hew York and rors consequent. Samuel Taylor Cole­ Brooklyn,— going down by huncfreds and ridge, after conquering the world with his by thousands. Over 20,000 opium-eaters in pen, was conquered by opium. The most Chicago; over 20,000 opium-eaters in St.. magnetic and brilliant lawyer of this cen­ Louis. In the same proportion, that tury fell its victim, and there are thou­ would make over 70,000 in Hew York sands of men and women—but more and Brooklyn. The clerk of the drug­ women than men»—who are being bound store says, “ I can tell them when they body, mind, and soul to this terrific habit. come in; there is something peculiar about There is a great mystery about some their complexion, something peculiar about families. You do not know w hy they do their nervousness, something peculiar not get on. The opium habit is so about the look of their eye that immedi­ stealthy, so deceitful, so deathful. You ately reveals them.” In some families can cure a hundred drunkards easier than chloral is taking the place of opium. you can cure one opium-eater. I have Physicians first prescribe it for sleepless­ heard of eases of reformation, but I never ness. Then the patient keeps on because saw any. I hope there are cases of gen­ he likes the etfect. Whole tons o f chloral uine reformation. I have seen men who are manufactured in Germany. Baron Lie­ for forty years had been the victims of big says that he knows one chemist ir*Ger­ strong drink thoroughly reformed; but many who manufactures a half-ton of the opium-eaters that I have seen, go on chloral every week. There are multi­ and go down. Their cry in the last hour of life is not for God, nor for prayer, nor tudes being taken down by this habit. for the Bible, but for opium. Perhaps Look out for hydrate of chloral! But I there are only two persons outside the am under this head speaking chiefly of household who know what is the matter, opium. You never heard a sermon against —the physician and the pastor,—the opium, but it seems to me there ought to physician called in for physical relief, the be ten thousand pulpits turned into quak­ pastor called in for spiritual relief; but ing, flamin'g, thundering Sinais o f warn­ they both fail. The physician acknowl­ ing against this plague narcotic. The edges his defeat. The minister of religion devil of morphia in this country will be acknowledges his defeat, for it seems as if mightier than the devil of alcohol. But the Lord does not answer prayer for nepenthe, and hasheesh, and opium, and GOOD HEALTH. 107 chloral shall not have all the field to' seeming harm to themselves, and are themselves. there not cases of pleth ora which abso­ There sprung up in Yucatan, on this lutely need this depletion?” Oh! yes'. continent, a weed which has bewitched Skillful and prudent physicians have some­ the world. It crossed the Atlantic Ocean times prescribed it, just as they sometimes in the fifteenth century, and captured prescribe arsenic, and they prescribe it Spain. Then it captured Portugal, and well. There can be no doubt about its then the French ambassadors took it to being poisonous. There was a case re­ Paris, and it captured the French Empire. ported in which a little child lay upon its Then Walter Raleigh introduced it into mother’s lap, and a drop from her pipe England. The botanists ascribe it to the fell on the child’s lip, and it went into genus Xicotiana; but you all know it as convulsions and into death. But you say, the inspiring, the elevating, the empara- “ Do n’t people live on to old age who,in­ dising, the radiating, the nerve-shattering, dulge in this habit?” Yes; so I have the dvpepsia-breeding, the health-destroy­ seen an inebriate seventy years old. ing tobacco. I shall not be offensively There are some persons who, in spite of personal while I speak on this subject, be­ all the outrages to their physical system, cause you all use it, or nearly all! In­ live on to old age. In the case of the man deed, I know from personal experience of the jug—he lasted so long because he how it soothes and roseates the world was pickled! In the case of the man of and kindles sociality, and I know what the pipe—he lasted so long because he are its baleful results, and 1 know what was turned into smoked liver! But, my it is to be its slave, and, thank God, I friends, what advice had we better give to know what it is to be its conqueror. I our young people ? I say in the first have 110 expectation that I will persuade place, let us advise them to abstain from the great masses ¿>f you to change your this habit, because all the medical frater­ habits upon this subject, but I thought I nity of the United States and Great Bri­ might help you in some advice to your tain pronounce it the cause of wide-spread children. and terrific unhealth. Dr. Agnew, Dr. I notice that fathers w h och cy and smoke Hamilton, Dr. Alcott, Dr. Barnes, Dr. generally do not want their boys to chew Woodward, Dr. Rush,, Dr. Hosaek, Dr. and smoke, and I have thought wo might Harvey, Dr. Mott,— all the medical frater­ for a few moments profitably discuss how nity,— allopathic, homeopathic, hydro­ we ought to advise our young people. pathic,, eclectic,— denounce the habit and You say, “ Didn’t God make tobacco?” warn the community against it. One dis­ Oh! yes. You say, “ Isn’t God good?” tinguished physician says: “ This habit is Oh! yes. You say, “ Then God, when he the cause of seventy different styles of created tobacco, must have created it for disease. This habit is the cause o f nearly some good purpose ? ” Oh! yes, it is all the cases o f cancer of the mouth.” good for a great many things, tobacco is. What is the testimony of the late Dr. John It is good to kill moths in the wardrobe, C. Warren, of Boston, than whom there and tick in sheep, and to strangulate all is no higher authority? He says: “ For kinds of vermin, and to fumigate pestif­ more than thirty years I have been in the erous places, and like all other poisons, habit of inquiring of patients who come God created it for some particular use. to me with cancer of the tongue and lips, So he did henbane, so nux vomica, so cop- whether they used tobacco, and if So, poras, so belladonna, so all those poisons whether they chewed or smoked; and if which he directly created or had man to they have sometimes answered in the extract. But the same God who made negative as to the first question, I can the poisons also created us with common truly say that, to the best of my knowl­ sense to know how to use them and how edge and belief, such eases are exceptions not to uso them. “ O h !” say some of to the general rule. When, as is usually my friends, “ do n’t people use it without the case, one side of the tongue is affected 108 GOOD HEALTH.

with ulcerated cancer, it arises from the knows that the nervous system immedi­ habitual retention of the tobacco in con­ ately acts upon the brain. More than tact with this part.” Dr. Hosaek says: that, nearly all reformers will tell you that “ The alarming frequency of apoplexy and it tends to drunkenness, it creates an un­ palsy and epilepsy and other diseases of natural thirst. There are those who use the nervous system, is attributable in part this narcotic who do not drink, but to the use of tobacco.” Dr. Ferguson nearly all who drink use the narcotic, so says: “ I believe that no one who smokes that shows there is an immediate affinity tobacco before the bodily powers are de­ between the two drugs. It was long ago veloped, ever makes a vigorous man,” Dr. demonstrated that a man cannot reform Waterhouse says: “ I never observed such from strong drink unless he gives up to­ pallid faces and so many marks of declin­ bacco. In nearly all the cases where men ing health, nor ever knew so many hectical having been reformed have fallen back, it habits and consumptive affections as of has been shown they have first touched late years, and I trace this alarming in­ tobacco, and then surrendered to intoxi­ road upon young constitutions principally cants. to the pernicious custom of smoking ci­ (To b e Co n t in u e d .) gars.” Dr. Johnson says: “ Where one inveterate smoker will bear testimony NATURE’S MEDICINES. favorable to the practice of smoking, G o o d , kindly dame Nature has her rem­ ninety-nine are found to declare their be­ edies for the ills of her human children. lief that its practice is injurious, and I Her chief and best medicines for our bod­ scarcely ever have met one habitual ily infirmities ai’e sunshine, pure air, and smoker who did not in his candid moments clean water. The first is the most perfect regret his commencement of the habit.” j of nervines; the second is the only true Dr. Gibbons says: “ Tobacco impairs di- blood-purifier; and the third is the sover- gestion, poisons the blood, depresses the I eignest medicine yet discovered to keep in vital powers, causes the limbs to tremble, health, the skin, stomach and bowels. The and weakens and otherwise disorders the I first two should be taken together, under heart.” open sky, in large and frequent doses, and Their united testimony is that it de­ with ample exercise. Let the water be presses the vitals of the system, and brings used when needed, both externally and 011 nervousness and dyspepsia, and takes internally. Its sweet, clear drops have a off twenty-five per cent of the physical world o f piu’ifying tonic power in them. vigor of the people of this country; and, Better than all the nostrums, o f doctors damaging this generation, it damages the and druggists, and all the pills, plasters, next, the accumulated curse going on to and bottled preparations of patent medi­ capture other centuries. Why is it that cine men, are these three God-given medi­ the Turkish nation can stand before no caments for man’s diseases. They are other nation ? They go into battle al­ both preventives and eurers. It needs no ways for defeat. W hy? Tobacco has physician to prescribe them; no pharma­ bedwarfed them, has enervated their mus­ cist to concoct or furnish them; no medi­ cular system, has thrown them into per­ cine chest to preserve them. Mingled and petual stupefaction. Tobacco not only refined in the great laboratories of nature, injures the body, but it injures the mind. poured around us afresh every morning, Dr. Prince, for a long while superintend­ we need only to take of their abundance ent of the insane asylum at Northampton, at our will. Mass., says: “ Fully half of the patients In the oceans of air and water are hid­ who have come to our asylum for treat­ den more curative virtues than the bold­ ment are the victims of tobacco.” It is a est o f quacks ever claimed for his com- sad thing, my brother, to damage the pounds; but it is in the warm, bright, life- body; it is a worse thing to damage the bearing sunshine that the noblest healing the mind, and any man of common sense power resides. We have all noted how GOOD HEALTH. 109 the sun works the annual miracle of res­ A SANITARY POEM. urrection o f dead vegetation, and from the [The following stanzas embody more sound sanitary ad­ vice than many ponderous volumes wholly devoted to the bursting seed to the mighty growths of subject. They have appeared in these columns before but forest and field, the sunshine shows its viv­ so long ago they will be new to many of our readers.—En.] ifying forces. Tree, plant, flower, and fruit There’ s a skin without and a skin within, A covering skin and a lining skin: are children o f the sun. Man, also like But the skin within is the skin without, the Incas of Peru, is the child of the Doubled inward and carried complete throughout. floods, with fire, the crimson current of The palate, the nostrils, the windpipe, and throat his life. It penetrates to the marrow of Are all of them lined with this inner coat, his bones, and transforms itself into its W hich through every part is made to extend— Lungs, liver, and bowels, from end to end. mysterious correlate, the quick nerve force and brain power, which the mind The outside skin is a marvelous plan employs in the wondrous laboratory of For exuding the dregs of the flesh of m an; While the inner extracts from the food and the air thought and will. Secluded from its W hat is needed the waste in his flesh to repair. health-giving beams, we grow pale, weak, While it goes well with the outside skin, nervous, and diseased in almost every or­ You may feel pretty sure all’s right within gan and function. Muscle and brain lose For if anything puts the inner skin out energy and power. To shut the sunshine Of order, it troubles the skin without.

from our houses, is to shut out the fire of The doctor, you know, examines your tongue health from the blood, and the light of To see if your stomach or bowels are wrong; thought from the brain. In the shadow If he feels that your hand is hot and dry He is able to tell you the reason why. the whole soul pales, and the heart loses something of its buoyancy and joy. Too much brandy, or whisky, or gin, French physicians prescribe baths of sun­ Is apt to disorder the skin within; While if dirty or dry, the skin without shine for nervous patients, and chemistry Refuses to let the sweat come out. tells us there is subtile chemic power in Good people a ll! have a care of your skin, the noontide rays.— Western Educational Both that without and that within; Journal. To the first you’ll give plenty of water and soap, To the last little besides water, w'e’Jl hope.

lily Smoke-House.— A. man who lives in But always be very particular where Albany, and whose business is that of a You get your water, your food, and your air: For if these be tainted, or rendered impure, clerk, said that he had lately built him a It will have its effect on your blood, be sure. house that cost him three thousand dol­ lars. His friends expressed'their wonder The food which will ever for you be the best Is that you like most, and can soon digest; that he could afford to build so fine a A ll unripe fruit and decaying flesh dwelling. Beware of, and fish that is not very fresh. “ Why,” said he, “ that is my smoke­ Your water, transparent and pure as you think it, house.” Had better be filtered and boiled ere you drink it, “ Your smoke-house! What do you Unless you know surely that nothing unsound Can have got to it over or under the ground. mean? ” “ Why, I mean that twenty years ago I But of all things, the most I would have you beware Of breathing the poison of once-breathed air; left off' smoking, and I have put the When in bed, whether out or at home you may be, money saved from smoke, together with Always open your window and let it go free. the interest, into my house. Hence I call With clothing and exercise keep yourself warm, it my smoke-house.” And change your clothes quickly if drenched in a How, boys, we want you to think of storm ; this when you are tempted to take your For a cold caught by chilling the outside skin Flies at once to the delicate lining within. first cigar. Think how much good might be done with the money you are begin­ A ll you who thus kindly take care of your skin, ning to spend in smoke.— Temperance Rec­ And attend to its wants without and within, Need never of cholera feel any fears, ord. And your skin may last you a hundred years. GOOD HEALTH.

TEMPERANCE # MISCELLANY,

Devoted to Temperance, Mental and Moral Culture, Social Science, Natural History, and other interesting Topics.

SPRING. pursuits, necessarily involves a proficiency in

A g a i n upon the grateful earth, the art of housekeeping. By “ house­ Thou mother of the flowers, keeping ” we mean not simply a knowledge The singing birds, the singing streams, of the various routine duties usually devolv- The rainbow and the showers: [ ing upon the housewife, the making of beds, And what a gift is thine!— thou mak’st | sweeping of floors, and cooking of dinners; A world to welcome thee; And the mountains in their glory smile, j but a knowledge and practice of household And the wild and changeful sea. | labor in accordance with scientific principles, } which makes every department of house­ Thou gentle Spring!— the brooding sky work a philosophic study, and every house­ Looks welcome all around; The moon looks down with a milder eye, hold operation replete w'ith interest. And the stars with joy abound; Doubtless much of the aversion to house­ And the clouds come up with a softer glow, work arises from a feeling that it is mere Up to the zenith blown, drudgery, needing only physical exertion and And float in pride o’er the earth below, associated \yith weariness and pain; but Like banners o’er a throne. if we consider that the character and the Thou smiling Spring!— again thy praise j health of the inmates of every home are Is on the lip of streams; | dependent in the greatest degree upon the And the water-falls loud anthems raise, cleanliness of their surroundings, the whole­ By day, and in their dreams; The lakes that glitter on the plain, someness of their food, together with many Sing with the stirring breeze; other conditions belonging to the province of And the voice of welcome sounds again the housewife, house-work will lose its From the surge upon the seas. aspect of drudgery, and become at once one of | the most noble and responsible duties in life’s Adorning Spring! the earth to thee Spreads out its hidden love; | great field of action. The very knowledge The ivy climbs the cedar tree, of this responsibility should suggest the need The tallest in the grove; of a special qualification, a careful and And on the moss-grown rock, the rose thorough preparation for the work. Is opening to the sun, It takes years of hard study to acquire And the forest trees are putting forth Their green leaves one by one. I sufficient perfection to succeed in any other — James Otis Rockwell. department of life, but housekeeping is too | generally looked upon as something that EDUCATED HOUSE-KEEPERS NEEDED. | needs no especial fitness, and can be acquired without much effort at any time; yet for no BY MBS. E. E. KELLOGG. other pursuit is a preparation so greatly M u c h has been said and written in con­ needed, nor the requirements so varied ancl demnation of the too^common system of educa­ important; tion which deals with the head only, leaving The person would be ridiculed who pro- . the hand untrained, and results in graduating fesses to be able to plead a case in court young ladies “ too highly accomplished” to without a knowledge of law; but we heard be capable of engaging in the practical duties an intelligent and talented lady, not long of life; yet too much can hardly be said in since, boast that she “ knew nothing at all disapproval of the contracted views and about house-work, but thought if she ever apparent lack of right ideas respecting had any need to learn, a little common sense individual responsibilities which leads so and a cook book would be all that would be many women to look with contempt and dis­ necessary.” If a knowledge of Blackstone like upon that department of labor on is required to dispense justice, why should which, more than any other, depends the not a special qualification be deemed health and happiness of the family, — necessary for administering the equally im­ that of house-work. “ Home making,” portant service of selecting and preparing which in its highest sense is one of the most the very elements on which we depend for. truly elevated and noble of all human soundness of body and mind t GOOD HEALTH. Ill

Proper food is the largest component in here, I must pay a visit to my friends at the the health and good temper of childhood, the Hose and Crown, and take a good dose of correct habits of youth, and the strength and this indigestion curer. . endurance of later years, and there is abun­ [Enter T. J. dant evidence that the great prevalence of in­ T. J.: Ah! ah! whither are you hastening temperance, with its accompanying evils, is i with such a serious countenance and earn­ very largely due to the baneful effects of the est look? One would imagine you had the indigestible, innutritious viands which serve care of a nation upon you, or that the exist­ as food for a large majority of the people. ence of the State depended upon the speed How then can we underrate the import­ of your walking. ance of the work of housekeeping, or the E. W-: Well, now, to tell you the truth, need of a particular preparation for its I am just going to purchase a little medicine duties? in the shape of a glass of bitter ale. I know It is often said of the person who finishes you are a most determined enemy to the use a college course only to take up the role of of intoxicating drinks, but even you must housekeeping, that “ she has just thrown admit that alcohol is an excellent medicine away her education.” This is, indeed, a at times. mistake; for in no other pursuit ought an T. J.: On that point we will not at pres­ education to be brought into more constant ent argue, but perhaps you will kindly in­ requisition, than in housekeeping A knowl­ form me for what complaint you are seeking edge of scientific principles and physiological that universal remedy, alcohol. laws are eminently essential. Indeed, there E. IF..- Mon garcon, pity me, I am the un­ is scarcely any branch of knowledge which happy subject of dyspepsia. I feel all that may not be made to contribute valuable aid misery and wretchedness that indigestion in the care of a home and the comfort and produces, and I am advised that a glass of health of its inmates. bitter ale at dinner and supper time will Household labor done with thought and materially assist me to assimilate my food. conscience is a grand and noble calling. So come along, my boy; on this particular Abraham’s wife prepared with her own occasion I hope I may have the pleasure of hands the meal for the strangers, not know­ increasing the one glass to two. ing that she was entertaining “ angels T. J.: Steady, steady, mind what you are unawares,” and Solomon praises above all about; if this medicine that you are advised others the wise woman who “ worketh with to take is worth anything, it is worthy of diligent hands.” Homer sung of princesses being taken with care, in proper quantities, busy in domestic service, and since that time and the dose should not be repeated or in­ the daughters of royal blood and ladies of creased without proper consideration. rank have often deemed it their, highest E. IF..- There you are, sermonizing again. prerogative to engage in this art of arts. Bless my heart! you are always so prudent No sphere of usefulness is broader or more that I wonder you don’t try Dr. Tanner’s, productive of glorious results than that of prescription, and live on water alone. the true home worker. T. J.: Well, I should have a better chance of existence than if I attempted to live on WILL ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS ASSIST intoxicating drinks. If there is one fact certain in this life, it is that alcoholic liquors DIGESTION? tend to shorten life, and that many persons Characters: Ernest "Williams and Thomas who think they are helping themselves to Jackson, companions. Dr. Thompson, a live are fast ruining their constitutions by young and rising practitioner. the very means they use to preserve them. E. W. (soliloquizing): Yes, I am afraid it You have but to look on their faces to see is quite true. I am certainly suffering from the effects of the drink— an unpleasant attack of indigestion, dyspep­ “ Failing the cheeks, blearing the curious eyes, sia, a failing of gastric juice, or something Studding the face with vicious heraldries— of the same kind, call it what you will. , W hat pearls and rubies does the mind disclose, This aching head, this fevered brow, this Making the purse grow poor to enrich the nose.” peevish and irritable temper, all indicate E. W.: That is the same old tale. One that there is a screw loose somewhere. A must give up all the good things of this life very simple remedy, I am told, is at hand—• just because a few foolish people abuse these a glass of bitter ale at dinner and supper, blessings and bring ruin and misery upon with an occasional glass of sherry, will soon themselves. put me right. Well, it is no use talking T. J.: You are mistaken. Like many of 112 GOOD HEALTH.

your class, you jump to conclusions without subject, for as yet I am quite in the dark, consideration. I say that science, common and need to be enlightened ? sense, and the exj>erience of mankind, all Dr. T.: I am afraid you are like a great tend to establish the assertion that alcoholic many other people. Listen, then. Alcohol liquors cannot and never will assist digestion. hardens some kinds of food, such as albumen E. IF..- You are very emphatic. I will and fibrine. If alcohol is added to some water put you to the test, and see how far you can in which the white of an egg has been beaten establish what you assert. You know I am up, the egg will fall to the bottom in flakes. open to conviction, and reasonable arguments In this manner alcohol, in proportion to its will not, I hope, be thrown away upon me. strength, hardens meat. It is well known T. J.: Well, then, let us consider what that animals are preserved in alcohol; they are often the causes of indigestion. It may could not be preserved in water. arise from eating food too quickly, from not T. J.: Is it not true, Doctor, that alcohol masticating it properly, from eating food acts as an irritant to the stomach, and that that is not digestible, frpm eating too much it does serious injury to the pepsin in^the 3 o f what is really good, taking too much fluid, gastric juice 1 drinking too hot or too cold liquids. It may Dr. T.: You have hit the mark. Alcohol arise also from mental causes— from grief or curdles or coagulates the pepsin in the gas­ pain, or from an excess of joy. Now the tric juice. It irritates and inflames the deli­ ■common-sense method of dealing with indi­ cate lining of the stomach. A man lived gestion under these circumstances is to re­ fifty years ago, named Alexis St. Martin, move the cause of the evil, and not to drown who had a shot wound in his stomach that our sorrow in alcohol; for although for a mo­ left a little hole through which 'the doctors ment it may give us temporary relief, in the could observe the effects of different kinds of ■end it only increases the complaint. substances and liquids upon the stomach. It E. W.: You admit, then, that alcohol does was found that alcohol did not assist diges­ give relief in cases of indigestion! tion in any way, but that after a few days’ free T. J,: I admit only this much, that alco­ indulgence, the stomach became inflamed and hol is a deceitful enemy. It sends the nerves ulcei-ated in patches; and, what made mat­ •of the stomach to sleep, and prevents us feel­ ters still worse, alcohol had so silenced the ing the pain that indigestion ought to give nerves that St. Martin could not feel the us, and thus takes away our efforts to re­ pain. move the evil or its cause. But here comes E. IF..- Excuse me, Dr. Thompson, do I ^ Dr. Thompson, who is better qualified to understand you to say that alcohol prevents apeak on this subject than I am, and who digestion instead of assisting it ? will, I am sure, give us some practical infor­ Dr. T.; I say that alcohol hinders diges­ mation and advice on the mattei’. tion in the stomach, and, moreover, by its [Enter Dr. Thompson. effects upon the nerves it allows the half-di­ Dr. T.: Come, now, what is the matter in gested food to pass out into the bowels. •dispute? You seem to be having a warm From this cause the liver and kidneys are discussion, for I heard your voices long be­ compelled to do an immense amount of work fore I came up to your door. which they ought never to be called upon to T. J.: The fact is, doctor-, we"are arguing perform. The effect of alcohol upon the us to the advantages of alcohol to aid diges­ liver is such that the liver becomes congested, j tion. My friend here is the subject of an the formation of bile is hindered, and the I unpleasant attack, and, intending to follow death of the drinker is often the result. out the advice of some of his friends, he de­ T. J.: Thank you, Dr. Thompson, for sires to drink bitter ale and other alcoholic your information. Can you tell us what is \ liquors with his meals. the best thing to drink with our meals 1 Dr. T.: You could not have chosen a more Dr. T.: Water, most decidedly. Nature reasonable subject of discussion, for any cus­ herself would teach us this lesson, for the tom that encourages men to drink alcoholic important juices that assist digestion are liquors ought to be tested and tried, to see if chiefly made up of Vater. In the saliva 995 it will bear the test of investigation. If parts out of every 1,000 are water, the gas­ you ask my opinion as a medical man, I say tric juice contains 94 per cent of water, the .at once that it is most foolish to drink alco­ bile contains 859 parts of water out of every hol either to cure indigestion or to prevent 1,000, the pancreatic juice 980. Water is it. the very best solvent for food, and if taken E. IF..- But, Dr. Thompson, if I am not in proper quantities, it will never do us asking too much, would you mind giving us harm, while alcohol will create an appetite a little more positive information on the for itself, and may make us its willing slaves. GOOD HEALTH. 113

T. J.: Thank you, thank you very much. either sex, as it is uniformly courteous and Though a life abstainer, your information polite toward every woman. But it is a has served to strengthen me in my temper­ very common thing to see a young man ance principles. quick to rise from his seat in a crowded car E. W.: And I will add, if you please, that and proffer the place to a well-dressed and for the future not a drop of alcohol shall attractive lady, when he had no thought of pass my lips, for I am convinced from your offering that seat to an aged gentleman who statements that water is best.— Temperance had been standing before him for a consider­ Record. able time. His action proves his attention to ladies, but it does not show his gentle­ manliness. Barents who would have their THE TOBACCO SLAVE. sons gentlemanly must teach them that it is T he Hon. Neal Dow, writing of the tobacco quite as important to give deference to age habit, says:— as to sex. The command “ Thou shalt rise “ There is absolutely no gratification what­ up before the hoary head, and honor the face ever coming from the use of tobacco, except of the old man,” was spoken by God himself, this: it relieves the victim from the misery before the command had gone forth to be which attacks him from the lack of it. Many very quick to give your seat to a pretty girl years ago I saw a lunatic who had become so in the horse-cars.— Sunday-School Times. much accustomed to a billet of wood that had been chained to one of his legs when he was troublesome and dangerous, that afterward, EDUCATION IN ICELAND. when he was quiet and harmless, he could not be easy without that ‘ clog,’ and always carried T he correspondent of a Swiss journal thus it about with him on his shoulder, though the writes as -to this subject : “ One would chain was no longer fastened to him. The certainly have no trouble in finding among tobacco slave reminds me of that poor lunatic; the corps of teachers some men of great he carries about with him his offensive burden, merit, even erudite, whose obscure and by which he often makes himself odious to the modest science is devoted to study and to persons whom he annoys with the stench of the good of their country without care for his presence. The tobacco slave is like him ; renown or the reward of this world. I once he cannot dispense with his ‘ smoke ’ or his asked a young Icelander, ‘ Who undertook the * chew ’ without suffering from the want of it. instruction of children who, from the dis­ Why does he not remain at home, then, until tance of their dwellings or the poverty of his craving for tobacco should be satisfied for their parents, could not attend school? ’ ‘ At the time, so as not to annoy others with the age of seven years,’ lie replied, ‘ all our the stench of it? One reason is that he can­ children know how to read, write, and not afford to sacrifice so much time as this cipher; among the poorest fishermen of the would require, and another reason is the to­ coast there is not one who has not received bacco slave soon becomes indifferent to the what may be called a good primary educa­ comfort or the rights of others. He poisons tion. Our mothers are our teachers, the hoer the air that others must breathe, and 1 if they (Iceland house) our schoolroom. The nearest do n’t like it, let them move away ! ’ The to­ pastor has an oversight of the progress of bacco slave always comes to that; his moral the children, and that one who does not sense is lost or dulled.” furnish the proof of a sufficient education would not be admitted to confirmation. An Icelandic mother would not survive the TRUE GENTLEMANLINESS. chagrin of seeing her children refused by the True gentlemanliness includes both manli­ pastor, and not a single example is known of ness and gentleness. The real gentleman it.’ Ask the first child you meet who it combines the tenderness of the womanly was that taught him or her the history and nature with the strength and nobleness of geography of his country, the names of the high manhood. The lad who aspires to be a birds and flowers, and the invariable reply gentleman must not be content with lifting will be, Modremin, my mother. Touching his cap to a lady, and showing her deference in its simplicity and grandeur, and revealing in his words and actions. That is all well, truly the character of this sympathetic peo­ as far as it goes; but it does not go far ple ! A t twenty-five the young man is pro­ enough. Real gallantry does not limit its foundly religious, chaste, gentle, and honest show of respect to those who are of the as on the day when at his mother’s knee he gentler sex: it is. as deferential to age, and was spelling out his first lesson. Can one as keenly alive to the needs of the weaker of be astonished after this that in Iceland there >

114 GOOD HEALTH. are neither soldiers nor cannon; that the art service, gentle little kindnesses, and do of robbing one’s neighbor of his purse or his them unostentatiously. Women who will land is unknown; that one sees there 110 see that bare pantries are supplied, and that ' police nor prison; and that for centuries one the shelterless And homes. has lost the memory of every kind of Women wanted. Women who will not crime] ” drift with the tide, but who will coura- I geously stem the current, trusting to- the Omnipotent arm to support. Women who WANTED, MEN AND WOMEN. will not allow their noble impulses to be W e take up the papers daily, and casting crushed by the hand of society. our glances down the long columns, we see Women wanted. Women who know how many persons asked for after the word much power there is in a gentle, encouraging “ Wanted.” Cooks and chambermaids, word, how much force there is in a hopeful coachmen and butlers, clerks and porters, prophecy. Women who will sow their lov­ are needed here, and there, and everywhere. ing acts broadcast, believing that kind words And yet the greatest want of this nine­ never die. Women who will extend a help­ teenth century we do not see advertised, and ing hand all along life’s pathway. Women if we did, I think all that could conscien­ with clear understanding, quick perception, tiously apply would find room for employ­ and good judgment. Women of patience, ment, and still there would be acres, at who do not explode at the slightest friction. least, of unoccupied space. Women of forethought (yes, and after­ Men wanted. Men who are honest and thought), of discrimination, and great gener­ pure. Men who are wholesome and truth­ osity. Women who will keep their eyes ful. Men who will not be bribed. Men fixed upon the loving Master, and will not who are like fair, refreshing fruit, sound to listen to the murmuring crowd. Women the heart’s core. who will brave the scorn of this world to be Men wanted. Men who are unwilling to crowned of God. —Earnest Gilmore, in Chris­ eat the bread of idleness. Men who will tian Weekly. scorn to wear what they have not honestly paid for. Men who know what ought to be done and will do it. Men who are not PITCHERY-BIDGERY. egotistic, but rather have the courage given Accordikg to a Viennese paper, the Apo- by the spirit to do and to dare. Men who theker Zeiluny, a considerable sensation has will give good counsel, who will set a good been produced in Austrian medical circles by example for emulation, who will sympathize the recent appearance in the drug market of with the grieving, and succor the distressed. a new narcotic, hailing from Queensland and Men who know how to obey before tliny at present only known to the trade by its undertake to command. Men who do more quaint native name of “ pitchery-bidgery.” than they talk. Men who do good to their It is the flower of a plant belonging to the friends to keep them, to their enemies to solanacea order, and indigenous to Northern gain them. Men whose hearts compare Australia,—a sort of stunted shrub, from favorably with full pocket-books— who be­ three to four inches in height when full lieve in systematic giving, and advocate it. grown, and bearing blossoms of a waxy text­ Men whose heaits are moved by the sadness ure, white in color and flecked with pink of others, who are touched by a little hungry spots. These flowers are picked in the face and cold, bare feet. month of August, dried, packed tightly in Men wanted. Men who are brave and canvas bags, and then subjected to a high tender, men who are not ashamed to wipe degree of pressure, which imjiarts to them tears away. Men whose acts will bring the consistence of cake tobacco. By chewing smiles to wan faces. Men who hush a small plug of this substance, relief is lamentations, and are rewarded with sweet speedily obtained from bodily fatigue, songs of thanksgiving. hunger, and thirst. A larger dose of “ pitch­ Women wanted. Women who know their ery-bidgery ” produces absolute insensibility own business better than their neigh­ to pain, but does not subject the patient bors’. Women who are true and pure from to any of the inconveniences resulting from centre to circumference. Women who will the ti'eatment by ordinary anaesthetics. In not weary in well-doing, who will neither common with the narcotics hitherto familiar flag nor flinch. Women who will not take to the faculty, pitchery-bidgery, adminis­ the rear from choice. Women who know tered in minute doses, acts as a stimulant,— their mission and do not persue the will-o’-the- in larger quantities as a powerful sedative. wisp. Women who will daily do loving But it is said to possess the peculiar property GOOD HEALTH. 115

of enabling those who take it habitually to ! care for ten prisoners, we shall have but withstand fatigue and undergo great physical | two. Eight-tenths, eighty per cent, of our exertion upon low diet. Like the famous commitments are for drunkenness, or foi- hasheesh of Monte Cristo it is said to be an crimes caused by drink.” effective and agreeable substitute for food and drink. Considering the present cost of good butcher’s meat and wholesome fer­ THE BIBLE AND WINE.

mented liquor, it is probable that the general BY JOHN B. GOUGH. public will await the further developments W hile in England, I was invited to dine of “ pitchery-bidgerv ” with eager and hope­ ful anxiety. with a clergyman who is now Bishop of Carlisle, and we had a discussion for two The claim made for pitchery-bidgery is hours. A titled lady was present, and she precisely the same which has been made for helped him. I was alone, and had to bear coca, opium, arsenic, tobacco, alcoholic liquors, the whole brunt of the battle in the Scrip­ tea, coffee, and every other narcotic or stimu­ tural argument. “ The Bible permits the use of wine,” lant. Because these articles take away the said he. desire for food, it must not be concluded that “ Very well,” said I ; “ suppose it does 1” it is a substitute for food. Hunger is an “ The Bible sanctions the use of wine.” indication of the necessity for food. A “ Yery well; suppose it does 1 ” narcotic or ansesthetic will destroy the “ Our Saviour made wine.” demand for food by obtunding the nerves of “ I know he did.” “ Why, we thought you were prepared to sense which are involved in the sensation of deny it.” hunger, so that the subject no longer feels “ I do not deny it; I can read.” hungry, though the demand for food still “ Wine is spoken of in the Bible as a remains. blessing.” I replied :— “ There are two kinds of wine spoken of PAUPERISM AND INTEMPERANCE. in the Bible.” “ Prove it.” M rs. M ary A. L ivermore recently made the following statement in regard to the “ I do not know that I can, but I will tell relation of pauperism and intemperance, in you what it is ; the wine that is spoken of a lecture in Boston:— as a blessing is not the same that is a “ Dr. Bowditch once sent to two hundred ‘ mocker; ’ and the wine that is to be drunk and eighty-two cities and towns in Massachu­ in the kingdom of heaven cannot be the setts the inquiry, ‘ What percentage of the wine of the wrath of God. So that, although paupers and children of paupers under your I cannot prove it learnedly, I know it is so. care are such in consequence of intemperanceT ‘ ‘ Now there are others who go farther The answers showed an average of ninety than I can go, but you will please let me go per cent.” Once, in the Children’s Reforma­ as far as I can understand it, and if I cannot tory Home at Munson, she had herself go any farther, do not find fault with me. I made the inquiry, and found that of the six hold that the Bible permits total abstinence ; hundred children in that institution, every \ I would rather search the Bible for permis­ one had been brought thither through the sion to give up a lawful gratification, for the influence of drink. In Chicago for fifteen sake of- my weaker-lieaded brother who stum­ years she had been connected with the Home bles over my examples into sin, than to see for the Friendless, and had found the average how far I can follow my own propensities portion of children brought thither directly without committing sin and bringing con­ in consequence of the drunkenness of parents demnation upon any one’s soul.” to be seventy per cent. When she had once Another gentleman who came to me for a said to the superintendent of the Woman’s long talk, said :— Reformatory Prison at Sherman, Massachu­ “ I have a conscientious objection to tee- setts, “ It will never do to have this institu­ totalism, and it is this : Our Saviour made tion cost $600,000 a year for the cure of wine at the marriage at Cana in Galilee.” some three or four hundred inmates. Can “ I know he did.” you not suggest some way in which this vast “ He made it because they, wanted it.” expense can be reduced ! ” she was told in re­ “ So the Bible tells us.” ply: “ Yes, I can. Shut up the dram-shops \ “ He made it of water.” of Massachusetts, and where we now have to “ Yes.” 116 GOOD HEALTH.

“ Then he honored and sanctified wine by black, partly charred and partly covered performing a miracle to make it. There­ with a moist soot. His eyes were open. fore,” said he, “ I should he reproaching my His mouth was completely roasted on the Master if I denied its use as a beverage.” inside, but, with the exception of his head “ Sir,” I said, “ I do not understand how and hands, no part of his body bore marks you should feel so ; but is there nothing else of his horrible death. A letter found in his you put by which our Saviour has honored 1 ’’ pocket, addressed to M. Harley or Hart ey, “ No, I do not know that there is.” furnished the only clue to his identity.” ■“ Do you eat barley bread 1 ” “ No,” and then he began to laugh. •“ And why not I ” PORCELAIN TEMPLE IN CHINA. “ Because I don’t like it.” The Chinese have recently completed at “ Very well, sir,” said I ; “ our Saviour Honkon a porcelain temple in honor of sanctified barley bread just as much as ever Shinseu, a hero who lived some eighteen he did wine. He fed five thousand people with barley loaves, manufactured by a mir­ hundred years ago, and who is said to have acle. You put away barley for the low saved the people of the Hanchan dynasty, motive of not liking it. I ask you to put where he dwelt, from a terrible flood, and to away wine for the higher motive of bearing have received as a reward from the gods, an the infirmity of your weaker brother, and so elixir of life, and the pill of incorruption. fulfilling the law of Christ. I wish to say, The temple is styled “ The Temple of the That man signed the pledge three days after­ Myriad Ages of Longevity,” and is said to be ward.” — Sunshine and Shadow. the most beautiful porcelain structure ever erected and at a cost equivalent to the sum of fifteen million dollars. Mrs. Helen A DRUNKARD’S COMBUSTION. Thompson thus describes it:— W e have always doubted the reliability of “ Imagine a building three hundred feet the occasional reports of the sudden combus­ squai-e, its walls all paneled, its sides and eaves full of friezes, richly embossed, its tion of men in a state of intoxication, and columns crowded with chapiters and cornices, cannot vouch for the following story from images of men and birds and beasts, from the San Francisco Post, but give it as we find life-size to a foot in length; its roof broken it:— up into turrets and towers, rising one above “ In Kernan’s saloon, back of the City Hall, another fifty feet high; every shoulder of recently, a man was burned to death by spon­ the roof rounded and turned upward again, taneous combustion. He had not been more ending in some immense figure of fish or than a month in the city, but in that time reptile,—imagine"all this— pillars, chapiters, had been frequently arrested for drunken­ cornices, friezes, thousands of figures, turrets, ness. He wandered about alone, seemingly tiles, roofs, everything, of the finest porcelain, demented, occupying his whole time in drink­ all richly tinted with fifty hues, the scene ing the vile poison of the city front and Bar- bursting upon your' vision in the midst of bary Coast dens. He had twice been treated the indescribable filth of a Chinese city as by Dr. Stivers for delirium tremens, and was the afternoon sun of a cloudless sky shines this morning discharged after a longer time full upon it— and you have the picture. The than usual. He continued drinking steadily inside is filled (I am told) with the choicest at the various bare in the vicinity, and the wood-carving to be found in China. His­ large size of each potation promised to speed­ torical plays are daily jJerformed there, with ily send him back to the hospital. A t length the hope of pleasing the departed hero.” he staggered into the room, nearly insensible, and feebly asked for a drink. This was re­ fused him, and he staggered toward the gas jet to light the stump of a cigar, while the JI o p u l a r S c ie n c e , bar-keeper turned away. A moment after­ ward he heard a low moan, and noticed a flash -—The Nickajack Cave, near the corner of of fire, and turning around he saw Harley Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama rivals in falling to the floor, his head enveloped in size the famous Mammoth Cave, and contains black, thick smoke, while flames issued from in its waters blind crawfish of snowy white­ his mouth and ears. Not a moment was lost ness, and four or five other aquatic animals, in attending to the sufferer. He was beyond all different from those found in the Mam­ relief, however. His face was perfectly moth Cave. GOOD HEALTH. 117

— A naturalist of West Point, Nebraska, faculty of disappearing without noise at day­ after making an extensive investigation of light, after having made the forest vocal the matter, announces that there are no locust with the crowing of the cocks, and have eggs east of the Rocky Mountains, so that a diminished in size, and become of a uniform visitation from these pests need not be buff-color.” looked for this year. THE WORK OF THE BUSY BEE. — Seventy cases of spontaneous combustion By far the most serious difficulty in the of coal on ship are recorded as having taken process of honey collecting by bees arises from place in 1874. Slack used in ballasting rail­ the extremely minute quantity of nectar roads has been known to take lire from which each flower yields, and from its being spontaneous combustion. dilute— in some cases being so poor in saccharine matter that its sweetness is not appreciable to the tongue. The strength of REVERSION OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS TO the sugary fluid varies in different flowers, and even in the same flower at different THE WILD STATE. times. Consequently, the most direct way Judge Caton who has recently been trav­ of estimating the yield of honey is to ascer­ eling in the Sandwich Islands, made some tain the actual quantity of sugar in each flower. This can easily be done by chemical very interesting observations there respect­ I methods. If we take a large number of ing the reversion of domestic animals to the flowers, wash out their nectar, and deter- wild state. In an article in the American j mine the sugar in the solution, we can calcu­ Naturalist he remarks as follows:— late from the number of flowers used the “ With the exception of the goose and the average amount of sugar in each flower with duck, nearly all the animals which have been the greatest precision. introduced into the islands, as well as those ■ Experiments conducted in this way showed which were then held in domestication, have ' each flower of the fuchsia to contain little reverted to the wild state. Among them more than the tenth part of a grain of sugar. are the ox, the horse, the goat, the sheep, In monk’s-hood the amount was rather less the hog, the dog, the cat, the tui-key, the j than one-tenth of a grain, while in the ever- peacock, and the barn-yard fowl. The great­ j lasting pea it was found to be three-twen­ est physical degeneracy was observed in the tieths of a grain for each flower. In smaller wild horse and the wild sheep. The latter I flowers the quantity is proportionately less. are small, gaunt, and long-legged, with a | Thus each flower of the little naturalized scant and coarse pelage. The ox, in about j American water-blink only contained six- seventy-five years, while it has not changed hundredtlis of a grain, and in those minute much in color and form, has become wild and flowers which grow together in compact wary, and very fleet in running over the lava ! masses the amount Was still smaller. A in the mountainous regions which it selects j raceme consisting of twenty flowers of the as its home. The wild goats are very nu­ vetch, only yielded five hundredths of a merous, cautious, and difficult to approach, grain, or little over one five-hundredth for and are mostly white, but some are parti­ each floret. One head of common red clover colored, The hog in a single generation gave a little over one-tenth of a grain (ex- changes in form, color, and habit, from the , aetly .1224). Now each head of clover con­ staid and quiet porker to the fleet and fierce tains about sixty distinct flower tubes, each wild boar; and one imported boar is told of | of which must, therefore, have a portion of that changed immediately after escaping I sugar not exceeding the one five-hundredth from a ranch, and became as wild and fleet j part of a grain. The proboscis of the bee almost as a deer, with a thin body and must consequently be inserted into 500 clover arched back, and legs that appeared to be tubes before one grain of sugar can be ob­ much longer, while he more slowly assumed tained. There are 7000 grains in a pound, the dark, sandy color of the wild boar. so that for every pound of sugar procured in Turkeys also began quickly to take on the this way 3,500,000 flower tubes must be color and shape of the wild turkey. Wild emptied. Honey, however, only contains barn-yard fowls fifty years after their escape, three-fourths of its weight of dry sugar; so occupying an extensive elevated or moun­ that every pound of honey is equivalent to tainous wooded country, are the most wild more than 2,500,000 of clover tubes sucked and wary animals in the district. They have a by bees.— Sel. 118 GOOD HEALTH.

EATTLE CREEK

J. H. KELLOGG, M. D., EDITOR. TERMS, $1.00 A YEAR.

ated from its chemical combination by the THE COMPOUND OXYGEN FRAUD. method of using it. .Not long ago we called attention to the We have long regarded this as one of fraudulent character of a substance adver­ the most arrant frauds of the day. We tised as an ozone-producing compound by do not doubt that some persons have real­ the “ Ozone Preserving Co.,” the real in­ ized benefits from its use, but believe that gredients being sulphur and charcoal. the benefits received were the result either We recently had a conversation with of the discontinuance of harmful remedies, Prof. Prescott of the Medical Department or of the influence of the imagination, or o f Michigan University on the subject, and of the exercise of the lungs from breathing found he had made an analysis o f the same through a tube,— a means which we have substance, and had determined by a care­ often recommended to persons afflicted ful chemical analysis that the only active with lung troubles, and with good results. ingredients were sulphur and charcoal, a If any one wishes to, try “ Compound little powdered cinnamon having been Oxygen,” let him buy five cents’ worth of added to aid in disguising its real char­ nitrite of ammonium at the drug store, acter. dissolve it in a pint of water, put a tea­ For several years many enterprising spoonful in a twenty-five cent inhaler, and quacks have been thriving by the manu­ use three minutes at a time three times a facture and extensive advertisement of day. what they are pleased to call “ Compound CAUTION ! Do not use more than three Oxygen.” The name and description give minutes at a time as the medicine is power­ the impression that oxygen, in an unusu­ fu l and might do harm i f not used accord­ ally active form, is present in the medi­ ing to directions. cine, and is the potent agent by means of which the wonderful cures attributed to it are effected. The medicine is usually OPIUM CIGARETTES. administered by an inhaler, air being- One of the most recent and most alarm­ drawn from the instrument through a ing developments connected with the to­ small tube. The medicine is put up in bacco habit is the fact that opium is being 4 oz. to 6 oz. bottles which are sold at the employed to a very large extent in the modest price of $10 to $15 each. A chem­ manufacture of cigarettes, especially the ical analysis of this much-advertised com­ cheap varieties. A writer in the Rural pound, made by Prof. A. B. Prescott of New Yorker speaks as follows:— the University of this State, shows that it “ I have tried cigarette smoking, and contains only water with a little nitrite have examined cigarettes, wet and dry. o f ammonium in solution. Nitrite of am­ I find opium and fenugreek in them to monium is a chemical compound contain­ such an extent that the smoking of one or ing oxygen, but the oxygen is not liber­ two would narcotize me, although I am an GOOD HEALTH. 119

old smoker. In closely observing ardent to put on glasses, and about the same time smokers of cigarettes, I have observed the I discovered I could not button nor un­ effect of the opium in the eyes and its unmis­ button the small buttons' on my shirt. I takable operation on the nervous system, laid it all to the natural decay o f life, never and in other ways have seen the ruin the usq, once supposing I was poisoning myself to of' the fashionable cigarette is bringing death with tobacco. But so matters upon young men and middle-aged men, too. jogged on till I was 62, when I had be­ That there is misery and death in the use come so badly paralyzed that I had to use of the cigarette as now made, I challenge crutches. About June or July, 1875, 1 any man to deny. N o person who habit­ took the notion, for some reason, that ually uses them, as now prepared, can my excessive use of tobacco might be the long be healthy, especially in the nervous cause of my apparent deathly malady. I system, nor can such persons long have j left it off at once, and discovered a decided good sight, appetite, or physical comfort.” | improvement in twenty-four hours. So I went on slowly improving until this day, thank God! Last February I discovered TOBACCO AS A REMEDY FOR ASTHMA. I could button and unbutton my shirts. How often we find people who have That I had been unable to do for over been cured of one malady by means of a twenty-four years. drug which has produced a disease “ During the thirty .years I used the equally bad or worse! A lady has. sick- filthy stuff, I am sure I was not twenty headache, takes a cup of tea to cure it, consecutive days without a sour stomach, and becomes a tea-toper. Another has and for over five years since I stopped the neuralgia, takes morphia as a remedy, use of the poison I have had none o f it, and becomes an opium-eater. A man has have gained nearly fifty pounds, and a general debility, 01* a supposed tendency healthier man at the stomach doesn’t live to consumption, takes whisky by the on this green earth.” recommendation of his physician, and dies a drunkard. A contributor to a contem­ WORK AMONG THE PEOPLE. porary journal thus describes the effect of tobacco used as a remedy for asthma,—a I n order that. sanitary knowledge shall very common use o f the filthy weed:— become generally diffused, those who have “ 1 tried many times, when young, to access to the ears of the people must give use tobacco through the persuasion of attention to the matter and improve every other boys, to make myself appear manly, fitting opportunity to enlighten those with but it was so nauseating to me it seemed whom they have influence. Clergymen, impossible to continue the use of it. My above all others, can exert an influence in father never could use it, but my mother this direction the extent of which can ' used it for her phthisic 71 of her 83 years hardly be estimated. Physicians, popular o f life. Still I never could until I was lecturers, and others can do much in this nearly 32 years old. I commenced initiat­ line, also ; but none can do more than the ing myself with small specks of it, which minister of the gospel, who can press home relieved me much from my spasms of his instruction with an authority enjoyed phthisic, or asthma. I kept on using it only by his class, presenting as a most in small particles when I had my attacks, telling and unanswerable argument the and omitting it in my more comfortable mo­ moral obligation of every human being to ments for several years. But finally, after maintain the highest degree of physical murdering a portion of my nerves of taste, perfection possible. The following letter I got into the filthy habit of enjoying the from our friend, Rev. J. L. Douthit, of poison. Arriving at the usual age of fail­ Shelbyville, 111., pastor of a church at that ing eye-sight, say about 45, I commenced place, and editor of an, able paper, Our 120 GOOD HEALTH.

Best Words, suggests the thought that cine has only a quarter of the strength it if every clergyman would take the pains should have.— A Boston Chemist. to do as much, an enormous amount of “ Wall-Papers.— Thirty-three per cent of wall paper is poisonous.— Chemists o f suffering and premature death might be Harvard University. saved:— “ Tin- Ware and Tin Cans are so much “ My Dear Doctor K ellogg : I want ‘adulterated by lead (mixed with the tin to express my hearty approval of the con­ in manufacturing) that if all the chemists duct of your health monthly. I have in­ in the country were each paid a fee of troduced it into several of the families of $10,000 to keep dark and say nothing, the my congregation already, and hope to do makers would still have a surplus o f still more in this direction. I have read $4,000,000 profit per annum. Don’t use yours in last number in regard to 1 Hygeio- anything put up in tin cans. Therapy and Its Founder,’ with the feel­ “ Glucose is made by millions o f tons; ing that it is a true and wise word.” and even southern planters, who can buy glucose for three cents a pound, find it We notice that Mr. Douthit gives the profitable to mix it with their sugar. It influence o f his paper, as well as his per­ is true that glucose, pure and simple, is sonal influence with his parishoners, in grape-sugar; but as made at these estab­ favor of reform, and we doubt not that lishments it contains a precentage o f sul­ the same good work receives not infre­ phuric acid, and is therefore a poison. “ Oleomargarine is a twin giant to quent attention in his sermons. The glucose. Some 100;000,000 pounds were clergy and the press can do more for the made in this country during 1880.’ It enlightenment and reformation of the is made o f the fat o f animals, and not masses than all other agencies combined. infrequently from animals who have died from disease; and in its manufacture is not subjected to heat sufficient to kill the FOOD ADULTERATIONS. living organisms which refuse fat is liable to contain.— Bollinger, the English Micro- ’ M r . G. F. N e e d h a m , of Washington, scopist.” sends us a brief report ot a recent meeting The reporter adds: “ Any work on of the Potomac Fruit Growers, at which chemistry will contain information how to Mr. Geo. T. Angell, of Boston, spoke on test any of the poisons in articles of food, etc.; and the curious can decide for them­ the subject of Food Adulteration ” as selves as to the purity of the food they follows:— purchase.” “ Bread is adulterated with alum and There is no doubt as to the existence o f sulphate o f copper. Yeast with alum. many of the evils mentioned by Mr. B aking' powders with alum, terra alba, plaster of Paris, whiting, and kaolin. Angell, and he has done a good work in Milk with water, chalk, and a variety of awakening public attention on the subject substances. Cheese with potatoes, beans, of food adulteration; but we have reasons oleomargarine, vermillion, red chalk, sul­ for believing that some of the above state­ phate o f copper,' arsenic, and corrosive ments could be qualified a little without in sublimate. Lard with starch, alum, and quick-lime. Confectionery with chromate any way damaging the facts. of lead, vermillion, red lead, Prussian Bread is probably sometimes adulterated blue, copper, and arsenic. Pickles with with alum, but rarely with sulphate of sulphuric acid and verdigris. Mustard copper or blue vitriol. Poor flour is the with yellow ochre and chromate o f lead. chief adulterant of bread. Chalk is rarely Vinegar with sulphuric acid, arsenic, and corrosive sublimate. Coffee with acorns, used in the adulteration of milk in this spent tan bark, logwood, sawdust, and the country; but bad water is often employed burnt livers of horses. Tea with Prussian for the purpose. Arsenic and corrosive blue, chromate of lead, leaves of other sublimate are not common adulterants o f shrubs, etc., etc. ‘ The brands o f teas vinegar, but sulphuric acid vinegar is very sold in America are unknown in China.’ — Chinese Minister at Washington. common. Tan bark, logwood, sawdust, “ Drugs.— The adulterations of these are and horses’ livers are not often used in perfectly abominable, and often the medi­ adulterating coffee, as there are so many GOOD HEALTH. 121

Other cheap articles which may be used thing about this important subject. There for the purpose. It is well known that are a few simple tests for some of the ground coffee rarely contains a grain of most common impurities which any real coffee. intelligent person can employ; but the Drugs are very greatly adulterated subject of food adulteration is one which but it is doubtful whether the health of demands the attention of an expert the people suffer much in consequence, as chemist. the adulterants have the advantage,of be­ ing at least harmless, while the drugs are MICHIGAN MALARIA. not. The extent to which wall-paper is adul­ A W a s h i n g t o n correspondent writes us terated is certainly overstated. We re­ that he was for some years a resident of cently examined several hundred samples Michigan, and was delighted with its fer­ from a leading paper manufacturer with­ tile soil and genial climate, and should out finding a single specimen of arsenical still consider this his home but for one ob­ paper. jection. He continues:— We have also been assured by a gentle­ “ I refer of course to the effects of miasma. W hat with the richness 'of the soil and the i xhalations man who is in a position to know the facts from the numerous lakes, there is much of disease and whose veracity we can rely upon, among bipeds and quadrupeds, and the disease is in­ creased in the bipeds by eating the flesh of the dis­ that 'the extent of the adulteration of tin eased quadrupeds. I don’t know as my experience has been overstated. It is claimed that was exceptional, hut I found very little healthy beef during my three years of abode in the State; in fact, the kind of tin employed for canned fruits a gentleman residing in one of your cities informs does not contain lead. We have tested .m e that the same condition of things still prevails. many tin cans to ascertain the truth on My wife was obliged to leave the State because of the effects of the climate, and the wife of a neighbor this point, and have found only one which who had been accustomed every year to return East contained lead. However, we consider it a to recuperate, and who did not go the year we lived in the State, died before the close of the summer. safe rule to follow to discard all food prod­ “ W hat is the remedy i Certainly those who are ucts put up in tin, unless the cans are meat eaters must expose themselves very decidedly, unless there be a statutory law making it a felony to each tested for the presence of lead before sell animals, or their flesh, when diseased. But it the contents are used. seems to me that if your people should eschew flesh- eating, and make much and free use of vegetables It is true that glucose made from corn and fruits, avoiding exposure and night air, they by the aid of sulphuric acid answers to the might keep themselves in good health. 1 speak of ‘exposure.’ An example: How many farmers take chemical test for grape-sugar, but it is, a rainy day to drive to town, and thus become nevertheless, a very different thing from drenched and bring sickness and expense upon them­ selves. I would like to hear from your readers the sugar of the grape, and it yet remains through ‘ Good H e a l t h ’ on this subject.” to be shown that it is in any sense a food. “ G. F. N e e d h a m . ” Too much attention cannot well be Forty or fifty years ago, Michigan was given to securing the purity of food and as noted for its malaria as it now is for its drink, The body— hones, muscles, nerves, salubrity. When the State was new, and brain— is made o f what we eat, and its primeval forests were being cleared hence partakes of the properties of the away, and its fertile soil turned up by the substance taken into the stomach in a plow for the first time, the conditions greater or less degree. favorable for the production of malaria We differ from the reporter in the idea were present in a high degree, and ma­ that anybody can decide respecting the larial diseases were exceedingly prevalent. purity of food by the aid of the informa­ The same was true of Massachusetts and tion given in “ any work on chemistry.” other New England States two centuries The analysis of foods'is by no means a ago, when the conditions were similar. simple matter, in many cases, and our But, like the older States, Michigan has- popular chemistries rarely mention any­ now reached a condition in which it is no- 122 GOOD HEALTH. more subject to malaria than other States. without suffering, when all their neighbors There is more malaria on Fifth Avenue, suffered almost constantly with various New York City, and on Long Island, than malarial maladies. It occurs to us as a in any part of Michigan we are acquainted little peculiar, also, that our friend should with. Deaths from malarial diseases form be so fearful of the climate of' Michigan, but a very small percentage of the annual but docs not object to a residence in mortality in the older portions of the Washington, which is known to be one State. Last year was an exceptional one of thb most malarious - localities in the in Michigan, as well as elsewhere. There whole United States. Perhaps his object was more malarial disease in the State of is to demonstrate to the nation that a Michigan last year than there had been vegetarian can live, even in such an at­ for ten years previous. The same was mosphere as that of Washington, with im­ true in all parts of the United States. punity. Even the most rigid vegetarian­ Malaria appeared everywhere, affecting ism is not an absolute preventive o f ma­ portions of the country that had been larial disease, and our friend may yet find supposed to be wholly free from it. In himself shaking with an ague fit for his Khode Island, Connecticut, and Massa­ temerity. In case such a misfortune be­ chusetts, it was, in many parts, very prev­ falls him, we would advise him to visit alent. It also prevailed very extensively, Michigan© for his health. • and in a very severe form, in Western Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and Minnesota. GAS-WORKS AS HEALTH RESORTS. It even appeared very extensively among j

the mountains of Colorado, ten or twelve- A f e w years ago there was quite a thousand feet above the sea, in an atmos­ mania for frequenting gas-works among phere long noted for its purity and salu­ persons afflicted with any sort of pulmon­ brity. The conditions which give rise to ary disease, particularly bronchial troubles, malaria are not yet well understood. It asthma, chronic bronchitis, etc. The prevails upon the high table-lands of odors always present in the vicinity of Mexico and South America, where the these establishments was also recom­ air is so dry and pure that flesh elevated mended for whooping-cough. a few feet above the surface does, not de­ An eminent French physician has been compose. It has also occurred on the investigating the matter in a common- heights of Gibraltar. It thus appears sense manner, and reports that animals that malaria is not confined to sections of subjected for some time to the odors the country which abound in small lakes. referred to, in the purifying chambers Our experience has been that it is much of gas-works, were found after death to more likely to occur in the vicinity of mill have their lungs filled with tubercules. ponds than in any other locality. It does This is certainly not a very powerful not, however, occur when the pond is full argument in favor of gas-works as health o f water, but a dry season, occasioning the j resorts. We cannot recommend them, lowering of the water to such an extent notwithstanding the opinions of an es­ as to expose a large portion of the bottom teemed correspondent. of the pond, with its decomposing organic matter, is quite certain to give occasion for an outbreak o f malarial disease. Beer and Diseased Kidneys.— Dr. Pullen, We agree with Mr. Needham that the an eminent English physician, asserts that abundant use of flesh food, especially when, I “ the man who habitually drinks beer diseased, very greatly increases the liability [ is sure to have Bright’s disease; Beer in to malarial disease. We have known per­ large quantities is one of the worst things sons who were rigid vegetarians to live in j a man can ruin his stomach and organs the most malarious localities for years 1 with. In Germany, where the students GOOD HEALTH. 123

drink a great deal of the beer young, their j Dr. Yaughan reported the analyses o f a kidneys and bladders are always affected.” I number of specimens of milk from various It has been shown by numerous obser- j sources, in which the percentage of cream vations that beer is much more damaging varied from a little over two per cent to to the kidneys than many stronger liquors, more than eight per cent. Between four being taken in a much greater quantity. and five per cent is the average for com- I mon cows, while the milk of Jersey or ) Alderney cows contains twice as much. SANITARY CONVENTION A l NNA ARBOR. Several very able and interesting papers bearing more or less directly on the sub­ F eb. 28 and March 1. we had too pleas­ ure of' attending the Sanitary Convention ject of education in its hygienic aspects held at Ann Arbor, Mich., under the au­ were read and discussed at considerable spices of the State Board of Health. This length, and with much profit. convention was the most successful of any Among the exhibits presented for ex­ yet held in the State, judging from the amination was a new kind o f sewer pipe, number in attendance, and the interest and which attracted some attention. The ability of the papers presented. The ses­ pipe differs from ordinary sewer pipe in sions o f the convention were held in the j two ways, being made of a compound of large court-room, which was crowded full | asphaltum and sand, with other chemicals, at every session. W e have not space to j and so formed at the ends that joints can notice here the many interesting papers be made without interrupting the uniform read, some of which we hope to give our smoothness of the interior. The material readers at an early day. We may men­ is hard, impervious to air and water, and tion, however, an interesting and very we think is admirably adapted to the pur­ practical paper on “ Food and Cooking,” pose for which it is used, provided it proves to be as durable as is necessary for by Prof. A. B. Palmer, in which many ex­ such use. cellent things were said. Dr. Palmer be­ One of the interesting features of the lieves that man can live equally well on convention was a visit to the University. either vegetable or animal food, though he is practically omniverous. He told a We were particularly interested in the good story of a clergyman who, when re­ examination of the hospital. We found quested to ask a blessing upon a dinner there about one hundred patients under consisting of meat fried to a crisp, pota­ treatment by the various professors con­ toes swimming in grease, bread sour, nected with the medical department. Dr. soggy, and ponderous, demurred on the Palmer called our attention particularly ground that the dinner was “ not worth a to several cases of special interest, one o f blessing,” and indorsed the sentiment, sug­ which was a very peculiar form of skin gesting that there are thousands of dinners disease. The courteous house physician in the same condition. A plea was made gave us every opportunity for making a for scientific cooking, plain, wholesome, careful inspection o f every department. nourishing food, and the abandonment of We were much pleased with the general tea, coffee, and other stimulants. The air of neatness which pervaded the estab­ Professor never loses an oportunity to re. | lishment, notwithstanding its crowded buke the tobocco-using propensity of med­ condition; but could not avoid observing ical students as a class, planting his feet that the facilities for ventilation were firmly on the rock of total abstinence. considerably short of the requirements for A very interesting paper was read, health. W e understand that changes are showing that freezing does not purify soon to bo made, however, which it is water only in a small degree. Water hoped will rectify this evil. which is really dangerous before freezing, We were glad to see so large an is dangerous after being frozen. attendance of medical students at the 124 GOOD HEALTH. sessions o f the convention. N o class of men enter the ranks of the profession who persons should be so much interested in are none too competent to follow the plow this subject as medical men, though too or handle the hoe successfully. They often they are lamentably ignorant. We drift into medicine because they imagine trust the time will soon come when the it to be an easy and lucrative means of subject of hygiene and sanitation will be getting on in the world. There are plenty as much a part of the curriculum of study such, without whom the world would be in all our medical schools as anatomy and vastly better off. physiology. — A case of delirium tremens from the use Tobacco Tax in France.— The annual of tobacco, recently reported, gave occa­ revenue from the tax upon tobacco in sion for the publication of the fact that the France has rapidly increased within the Hon. Chas. Steele suffered in this way. century. In 1815 it was but a little more “ He says that some twenty years ago, than 86,000,000. Last year it was more when given to the excessive use of tobacco, than 860,000,000, or ten times as much. he was prostrated by a well defined attack The average tax upon each inhabitant of of delirium tremens, and from that time that country is nearly 82.00. This, added found it necessary to entirely abstain from to the amount expended by tobacco-users, its use. This occurred before the paralytic and the time wasted in smoking, makes an stroke from which he was a sufferer during enormous total, without taking into con­ the latter years of his life. He was o f a sideration the terrible waste o f health highly nervous temperament, and never which this vice occasions. addicted to intemperance in drink—in fact, was, I believe, a teetotaler.” A Great Physician is thus described by a writer in a prominent medical jour-' — Americans consumed in the year 1880 nal: — the enormous total of 408,708,365 cigar­ “ A physician of the highest order is the man who is great in emergencies, who is ettes. But the waste of money and time keen in discernment, cool in judgment, sa­ in this great sacrifice to a depraved gacious in expedients, assuring in de­ appetite is insignificant compared with meanor, kind in counsel. The great phy­ the waste of health and vital energy sician is one who relies but little upcm represented by thè above figures. medicines, little upon dosing, little upon specifics. He realizes that if a cure comes, nature, in nine cases out often, must have — The most unhealthy city in the world the credit. He does not forget, however, that in certain cases, remedies used at the is St. Petersburg, in which one-twentieth right time may be of great service in as­ o f all the inhabitants die annually. sisting nature. The safe physician must of necessity be a great man; in fact, the greatest of men among those engaged in $ alhs with Correspondents. the active duties o f life. No ordinary man can be a great or safe doctor. A W e receive every month hundreds of man who is not great, who has not pecul­ iar qualifications, is not, as a rule, a safe letters of inquiry on various subjects man to have charge of the sick.” relating to health and disease, most of Physicians of this class are never big­ which we answer by letter, reserving a oted, narrow, or old-fogyish. They are few of those which seem to be of most progressive and liberal. We have the general interest for consideration in Goon great pleasure to know some, and they Health. We are always glad to receive are grand men. The world has too few such inquiries, and will give all prompt such. There are “ doctors and doctors,’’ attention, either in this manner or by Lit few great physicians. Thousands of private letter. GOOD HEALTH. 125

Baldness.— I. S. asks: “ Will you please say in j course, so continuous a use or such strong Good H ealth whether a person who has lost all the hair from the head can do anything to restore | solutions as may become a source of irrita- i t . ” I tion and annoyance to the sick one. There are several varieties of baldness j Scrupulous cleanliness and thorough which are not equally curable. The bald­ ! ventilation are means of air disinfection ness which results from a fever or other which are both the best and the cheapest, acute malady usually disappears in a few and never to be forgotten.

weeks or months. Baldness resulting Water Filters.— L. I). W. asks several questions from dyspepsia is usually curable after re- i respecting filters which we answer as follow s:— covery of the general health. Patchy 1. The hardness of hard water is not baldness, a baldness which appears in removed by filtration. If a charcoal spots, is a nervous disease and usually | filter is employed, some of the mineral ' incurable. When the bald spot is smooth j ingredients of the water will be retained and shiny with an entire absence of hair, in the filter, but no very considerable pro­ or nearly so, recovery may not be looked portion. The use of hard water will very for from any remedy or plan of treatment | soon spoil the best filter made, by the known. Improvement of the general deposit of lime. health, with daily friction of the scalp with j 2. A cheap filter can be made by the cold water and a soft brush, will accomplish following method:— as much in the line of permanent benefit Take a large flower pot or earthern as can be done in any case. Hair restora­ vessel, make a hole one-half inch in tives are nearly all poisonous and danger- ! diameter in the bottom, and insert in it a ous. sponge. Place in the bottom of the vessel Air Disinfection.— A Minnesota lady asks: “ What a number of clean stones o f sizes varying is the best disinfectant for the air of rooms® I have been using carbolic acid; but I learn now that this from that of an egg to an apple. Place agent only disinfects what it touches.” j upon this a layer of much smaller stones The statement respecting carbolic acid j and coarse gravel. Then fill the jar with­ is true. The prevalent idea that the odor in two inches of the top, with equal parts of carbolic acid, chloride of lime, creosote, of pulverized charcoal and sharp sand, or tea, is a disinfectant is productive of well mixed. Place loosely over the top of mischief, sometimes of very great injury. j the jar, white flannel .cloth, allowing it to The fact is they are all worthless as air form a hollow in the middle of the jar, disinfectants. They produce what many j into which the water can be poured. people seem to regard as a “ healthy Secure the edges by tying a stout cord smell,” but there is abundant evidence around the outside of the jar. By keeping that such a smell while comforting to the a suitable vessel under the filter thus mind may be wholly devoid of protecting made, and supplying rain-water when value for the body. Disease germs thrive j needed, very pure water can be obtained. as well in the presence of such odors as It can be kept in a cool place in the sum­ when they are wholly absent. mer. It will require to be renewed The only satisfactory methods of disin­ occasionally by exchanging the old sand fecting the air of a room are the genera­ and charcoal for fresh. The flannel and tion of ozone and producing a disinfecting sponge must be frequently cleansed. spray with an atomizer. A strong solu­ 3. Such a filter, if allowed to become tion of permanganate of potash, sulphate empty every day, or every other day, at of zinc, bromo-chloralum, or carbolic acid least, ought to last several years. W ater may be employed. The spray should be which has a distinct odor should never be kept up for some hours. In fact, in a passed through a filter. Filtration will sick room it is well to keep such a spray not purify such water. in operation constantly, avoiding, of 4. There are several manufacturers of' 126 GOOD HEALTH. filters in the United States, but we know cured by eating corn meal, buckwheat, or of none equal to the famous carbon filters any other special article of food. Eat made in England. W e have used these what you can the most easily digest, keep filters several years and feel well satisfied the skin active by frequent bathing, and with them. avoid excitement o f all kinds. This is a nervous disease, and it is probable that Are Foul Gases Healthful?— G. F. R. inquires: 1. “ Would it be healthful to work in a room directly your nervous system needs greater quiet. over a blacksmith’s forge where the air would con­ tain more or less of the smoke and gases from the Tomatoes, Sourkrout, Pumpkins, etc.—A Western coal burned beneath? I f not, why? correspondent wishes our opinion of the dietetic value of tomatoes, sourkrout, pumpkins, squashes, water­ 2. “ Is the stench that,arises from the burning of melons, musk-melous, and whortleberries. horses’ hoofs healthful ? Blacksmiths say that it is these things that make them tough and healthy.” As usually prepared, with salt, pepper, 1. A bad odor is never a healthy odor. butter, vinegar, etc., tomatoes are de- , The Creator has so arranged the natural cidedly unwholesome as an article o f oder of things that healthful relations are diet; but they are not objectionable when pleasant, and unhealthful, as a rule, un­ eaten without the injurious condiments pleasant, at least so far as the sense of mentioned. Sourkrout is too abominable smell is concerned. The gases arising to go into any stomach but that of a from a blacksmith’s forge are chiefly scavenger. We recommend it for s u s sulphurous oxide, and carbonous oxide, scrofa, but not for human beings. Pump­ both very poisonous gases, exceedingly kins and, squashes, if o f good variety, well deleterious from their elfects upon the matured and well cooked, are good food lungs and the blood. for healthy stomachs, but not the best, as 2. - No sort of stench is healthful. No they are coarser than the diet naturally possible benefit could be derived by the designed for man. Whortleberries are inhalation of the fumes arising from burn­ among the best of the berry fruits. Musk- ing hoof. Blacksmiths are quite healthy melons and water-melons, when ripe, and as a rule because of the active character not stale, are not objectionable if taken at of their employment. Only strong, vigor­ proper times in proper quantity. ous men undertake the trade. But we None of the articles mentioned possess have seen blacksmiths who were not in any very great nutritive value. All could health, and whom we believe to have been be easily dispensed with without any injured by the business, and hence we damage to health. recommended that they renounce it for some more healthful employment. It is said that the scavengers of Paris, who HjlTERARY JfOTICES. spend nearly their whole time during laboring hours in the sewers of that great In the A'orth American Jieview for April, Gov. Eli city, are very healthy men; but no one H . Murray, of Utah, treats of the existing crisis in the political fortunes of that Territory. According will argue that they are made such by to the present method of local government there, the their occupation. minority of the population, the Gentiles, though they possess the greater part of the wealth of the Territory, Nettle Rash.—E. F. T. writes: “I am often exclusive of farm property, and though they constitute troubled with an erysipelatous humor. Cooking by far the most enlightened and enterprising portion over a hot stove, hurrying about my work, or even a of the communit3T, arc practically without a voice in surprise or any excitement, causes the skin to break legislation. The author proposes a drastic yet en­ out in red blotches with intense itching. I am told tirely practicable remedy for these and all the other to eat corn meal or buckwheat to clear it out of my evils prevalent in Utah. An article entitled “ W hy blood. Please inform me if I ought.” they Come,” by Edward Self, is devoted to the con­ The malady is not erysipelas, and is not sideration of the many important questions connected with European immigration to this country. Dr. a blood disease. It is probably what is Henry A . Martin, replying to a recent article by commonly known as nettle rash, or more Henry Bergh, defends the practice of vaccination, citing official statistics to prove the efficacy of bovine technically as urticaria. It will not be virus as a prophylactic against the scourge of small- GOOD HEALTH. 127 pox. E. L. Godkin has an article on “ The Civil Serv­ health.” The held is a broad one, and one in which ice Reform Controversy;” Senator Riddleberger on the demand for efficient labor is very great, and we “ Bourbonism in V irg in ia ;” and General Albert are glad to see another added to the list of health Ordway on “ A National Militia.” Finally there is periodicals that shall help to educate the masses in a paper of extraordinary interest on the exploration the principles of hygiene. of the ruined cities of Central America. The author, Mr. Charnay, has discovered certain monuments which conclusively prove the comparative recentness of those Gleanings in Bee C ulture. A. I. Root, Publisher vast remains of a lost civilization. The Review is Medina, Ohio. published at 30 Lafayette Place, New York. This is a monthly especially devoted to the inter­ est of bee-keepers and is one of the best journals of G reen’s Larger H istory o f the English People this character we have ever seen. Much valuable is one of the most brilliant and thoroughly valuable information on other subjects, not pertaining exclu­ historical works which have appeared in many years. sively to bee culture, is found in its “ Home Depart­ Fairly ranking with Macaulay’s great work in the ment; and its “ Tobacco Column” teems with the absorbing interest of its narrative, it excels that in its “ honied ” truths of reform. Subscription price, $1.00 adaptation to popular needs, in that it covers the per annum. entire period of English history, from the earliest to modern times, instead of a brief portion as does Ma­ F o u r t h A n n u a l R e p o r t o f t h e P resbyterian E y e * caulay. It richly deserves a place in the homes of and Ear Charity H ospital, Baltimore, Md. the masses, and we are glad to note that it is now placed within their reach, being reduced in price Through the courtesy of the surgeon in charge, J. from the $10.00 for the four volume edition of the J. Chisholm, M. D., we have received a copy of the Harpers to as low as 50 cents for one edition just annual report of this institution, which has been in being issued by The Useful Knowledge Publishing successful operation four years. It is managed Co., 162 William Street, Ntw York. They are pub­ through representative lady managers from the dif­ lishing it in several styles, as follows: In five vol­ ferent Presbyterian churches of Baltimore, each of umes Elzevir edition, Utility binding, 15 cents; cloth, whom takes entire charge for one month. This in­ 30 cents; half Russia, 40 cents per volume (postage stitution is nominally Presbyterian, but no one is five to seven cents per volume extra), and a model excluded from the privileges of the hospital if suf­ Octavo edition, in one volume, Utility binding, 50 fering, provided he is poor and has no means of ob­ cents; cloth, 65 cents; half Russia, 80 cents (by mail taining professional services. The surgeon, in his 15 cents extra). Numerous other standard works report, states that during the past year 602 opera­ will rapidly follow the publication of this, of which tions for difficulties of the eye or ear were performed catalogues will be sent free on request. This house in the hospital, ¡ind 222 persons were kept in the sells only to buyers direct; no discounts from their wards with an average of ten days to each one ope­ wonderfully low prices being possible to booksellers rated upon. and agents. The reading public wish God-speed to the enterprise, which is under the energetic and skill­ ful guidance of Mr. Alden, late head of The American T h e I l l u s t r a t e d A n n u a l o f P h r e n o l o g y a n d Book Exchange. The new company sails under the H ealth Almanac for 1882. good motto of “ Owe no man anything— buy and sell We have just received the Health Almanac for for cash. Gold dollars ask no favors,” — and Mr. 1S82, published by Fowler & Wells, of New York. Alden thinks it is therefore free from the danger of It is a pleasing number and full of varied and inter­ wrecking by competing millionaire publishers and the esting reading matter. It contains, in addition to lawyers. the usual astronomical notes, monthly calendars, etc., the Principles of Phrenology, with the names The Illustrated Christian W eekly is most em­ and the location of the organs illustrated; A fine phatically an excellent paper. It is a twelve-paged» life-like portrait of Mr. Nelson Sizer, the well-known highly-illustrated, undenominational but Christian Phrenologist and Lecturer; Portrait and Sketch of paper, filled with interesting, useful, and instructive Mrs. Eliza Garfield, the mother of the late President; matter for the parents, stories for the youth, and Some Contrasts we meet in daily life, illustrated; notes

T he Sanitarian. M. Augusta Fairchild, M. D., Editor and Publisher: Quincy, 111. F o u r t h A n n u a l B o o k o f t h e M i c h i g a n S p o r t s ­ W e have received the first number of the above» m e n ’ s A s s o c i a t i o n . which is a new journal devoted to the interests of This is a report in full of the transactions of the men and women in tfc^e dissemination of health truths. sixth annual session of this Association, held at The prospectus states that “ an especial effort will be Lansing, Mich., Jan. 25tli to 27th, 1881. The pur­ made to awaken an.interest in the mind of woman pose of this Association is the creation of a healthy upon all topics which point to her one imperative public sentiment in favor of protection to the game need, toiler ‘ emancipation,’ and at least her phys­ of fur, fin, and feather, and the organization and ical salvation, the one most pressing want of her ex­ proper enforcement of a wise and effective code of istence, and yet the one least prized and cherished,— game laws. 128 GOOD HEALTH.

large hired cottages only three rooms are unoccupied,—an unpecedented state of things at this season of the year. The crowded condition makes it necessary that those anticipating a visit to the institution should send notice of the time of their arrival a few days ahead. By so doing, it As ail aid to those who may be desirous of is believed by the managers that they will be enabled to bringing Good H ealth to the notice of their friends, we accommodate all who come. are publishing a series of large prospectus sheets, con­ taining extracts from the journal, a prospectus for the Among recent arrivals at the Sanitarium is year, term s, prem ium offers, etc. T o those w ho w ish we w ill Mayor Barnes, of Ypsilanti, proprietor of the large paper, furnish as many as desired of these sheets at the expense mills in that place, which have furnished for years a large of postage, which is about 20 cts per hundred. Several share of the paper used for Good H ealth. Mr. Barnes thousand have been sent oqt already, and we are now pre­ has been quite unwell all winter, but is already making paring for a new edition which will be still more attractive good progress in the direct.on of health, and we expect than those already published. Workers among the people will make a good recovery. will find these sheets a great assistance, and the cost is insignificant, so that all can take part in it. The Health and Temperance Missionary Society at the Those who went to Florida last fall, missed Sanitarium is doing a good work in using these prospectus four months of the most magnificent weather. Nothing sheets in the same manner in which tracts and papers are better could be desired for the majority of invalids. Even usually employed. those whose lungs were seriously diseased have been able The sheets are equal in size to eight pages of Good H e a l t h , and fold into a common envelope. 100 sent by to go out safely almost every day all winter. Several per­ mail postpaid, for 20 cts. sons are now at the Sanitarium who intended to go South, but concluded to come here for the winter, and they now feel well satisfied with their decision. At the last meeting of the American Health and Temperance Association at this place, it was decided K ®“3 A weekly meeting is held in the Sanitarium to issue a Children’s Pledge, in addition to the three pledges heretofore recognized by the constitution. A parlors, at which patients relate their experience in losing beautiful pledge card is being prepared, and will soon be and gaining health. These meetings are very interesting. Sometimes very touching scenes occur as patients or their Teady. We hope to be able to announce it as completed in friends relate with emotion their almost miraculous re­ our next number. covery from a seemingly hopeless illness.

J®** On the occasion of our visit to Ann Arbor, The friends of Eld. S. N. Haskell, well known in attendance at the Sanitary Convention recently held throughout the United States, will be glad to learn that there, we were pleased to meet Messrs. Smith and Maxson, after a few weeks’ sojourn at the Sanitarium he is able to and Misses Sanderson and Hunt, all of whom were pursu­ return to his home in New England, and again engage with ing medical study at the Sanitarium last summer while his accustomed vigor in the various enterprises in which assisting in various departments. We found them hard at he is interested. work, fully abreast of the best in their classes, in good health and jubilant spirits. We expect they will graduate with honors, and win still brighter laurels when they enter ^N EW HYGIENIC SCHOOLS.^ upon their professional careers. The friends of hygienic education in the East will We have another crop of students started who, we hope, may soon find an equally brilliant prospect opening up be­ be glad to know that a school is about to be opened at So. fo re them . Lancaster, at which their sons and daughters can receive good advantages for the acquirement of a scientific and literary education, and at the same time receive instruction jgEvery Health and Temperance Club ought in the principles of healthful living, both theoretical and to possess a set of the new Temperance Charts which are practical. In addition to the usual branches taught in our just issuing from the press in Chicago. Thev are beauti­ best schools, including physiology and hygiene, special fully printed, and will be an ornament to any lecture room attention will be given to the industrial arts, including or home. The size is 28x42 inches. The set of ten covers agriculture, dress-making, cooking, and other departments the whole field of the physical effects of alcohol and of practical life. tobacco, and the accompanying key furnishes materials for Prof. Bell, who has been connected with Battle Creek several interesting lectures. Retail price $12. To clubs, College from its first establishment, and had entire charge missionary societies, temperance lecturers, andclergj’men, of the school for several years during its infancy, has $10. Send for descriptive circular. resigned his position as professor of English language and literature, and visits New England for the purpose of organizing the new school. He is of course greatly missed, It is rumored that several improvements of as his position in the College could scarcely be filled by great importance are to be introduced into the College at another, but his well-trained pupils will be able to carry this place, which has long stood unrivaled as a school on the work for a few months until he can be spared to re­ where instruction is imparted in harmony with the laws turn to his old post. governing the healthy development of both mind and body. Miss Edith Sprague, for several years a teacher in the It is hinted that several experienced educators from abroad College under Prof. Bell, has also resigned her position will be added to the list of teachers at the beginning of the here, and takes a more responsible and lucrative one in the next school year, who will be a valuable reinforcement to East, at the urgent solicitation of the friends of the new the corps of instructors. enterprise. With so experienced and sagacious a manager as Eld. Haskell to look after its interests, no doubts need be enter­ W e are glad to be in better time this month, tained as to the success of this new ^lucational enterprise. We believe the school is to open abofft the middle of April. and fhope hereafter to be able to go to press by the An educational institution upon the same basis as the twentieth of the month. So. Lancaster School, has recently been founded at ilealds- burg, Cal., where a fine building exactly adapted for the purpose, has been purchased. This new enterprise starts The managers of the Sanitarium report that off under the care of Prof. Brownsberger. for eight years principal of B. C. College, which under his management their two main buildings are overrunning full, the five more than trebled its patronage, and reached the greatest ■cottages owned by the institution are full, and in the five prosperity it has ever enjoyed.