DOCSLIB.ORG

Troublesome Disguises Managing Challenging Disorders in Psychiatry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Troublesome Disguises Managing Challenging Disorders in Psychiatry Troublesome disguises Managing challenging disorders in psychiatry Troublesome disguises Managing challenging disorders in psychiatry EDITED BY Dinesh Bhugra Professor of Mental Health and Cultural Diversity Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London London, UK Gin S. Malhi Professor and Chair Department of Psychiatry Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney, Australia SECOND EDITION This edition first published 1997 © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Offices 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 1606 Golden Aspen Drive, Suites 103 and 104, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specific method, diagnosis, or treatment by health science practitioners for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Troublesome disguises : managing challenging disorders in psychiatry / edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Gin S. Malhi. – Second edition. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-119-99314-8 (cloth) I. Bhugra, Dinesh, editor. II. Malhi, Gin S., editor. [DNLM: 1. Mental Disorders–diagnosis. WM 141] RC469 616.89′075–dc23 2014029376 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Cover image: Giuseppe Arcimboldo [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons Set in 9.5/13pt Meridien by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India 1 2015 Contents Contributors, vii Preface, xi Part I: Challenging psychiatric conditions 1 Shared pathologies, 3 German E. Berrios and Ivana S. Marková 2 Paraphrenia, 16 Richard Atkinson, David Jolley, and Alistair Burns 3 Brief reactive psychoses, 27 Jüergen Zielasek and Wolfgang Gaebel 4 Cycloid psychoses, 44 Andrea Schmitt, Berend Malchow, Peter Falkai, and Alkomiet Hasan 5 Borderline personality disorder, 57 John M. Oldham 6 Recurrent self-harm, 67 Rohan Borschmann and Paul Moran 7 Finding the truth in the lies: A practical guide to the assessment of malingering, 85 Holly Tabernik and Michael J. Vitacco 8 Recurrent brief depression: “This too shall pass”?, 100 David S. Baldwin and Julia M. Sinclair 9 Conversion disorders, 114 Santosh K. Chaturvedi and Soumya Parameshwaran 10 ADHD controversies: More or less diagnosis?, 129 Florence Levy 11 Post-traumatic stress disorder: Biological dysfunction or social construction?, 140 Richard A. Bryant 12 Bipolar disorder: A troubled diagnosis, 153 Gin S. Malhi and Michael Berk v vi Contents Part II: Rare psychotic disorders 13 Misidentification delusions, 169 Michael H. Connors, Robyn Langdon, and Max Coltheart 14 Delirium, 186 Sean P. Heffernan, Esther Oh, Constantine Lyketsos, and Karin Neufeld 15 Paraphilias and culture, 199 Oyedeji Ayonrinde and Dinesh Bhugra 16 Pseudodementia: History, mystery and positivity, 218 Alistair Burns and David Jolley 17 Culture-bound syndromes, 231 Oyedeji Ayonrinde and Dinesh Bhugra 18 Delusional infestations, 252 Julio Torales 19 Baffling clinical encounters: Navigating a pain and psychiatric Quichua syndrome, 262 Sioui Maldonado-Bouchard, Lise Bouchard, and Mario Incayawar Index, 273 Contributors Richard Atkinson Consultant Old Age Psychiatrist, Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK Oyedeji Ayonrinde Consultant Psychiatrist, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK David S. Baldwin Professor of Psychiatry and Head of Mental Health Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK Michael Berk IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Department of Psychiatry, Orygen Research Centre, and The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia German E. Berrios Emeritus Chair of the Epistemology of Psychiatry, Emeritus Consultant Neuropsychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Dinesh Bhugra Professor of Mental Health and Cultural Diversity, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK Rohan Borschmann Clinical Psychologist, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK Lise Bouchard Director of Research, Runajambi Institute for the Study of Quichua Culture and Health, Otavalo, Ecuador Richard A. Bryant School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia vii viii Contributors Alistair Burns Professor of Old Age Psychiatry, Vice Dean for the Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, National Clinical Director for Dementia in England, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Santosh K. Chaturvedi Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India Max Coltheart ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, and Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia Michael H. Connors Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Peter Falkai Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Wolfgang Gaebel Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, LVR-Clinics Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Alkomiet Hasan Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Sean P. Heffernan Schweizer Fellow in Affective Disorders, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. Mario Incayawar Director, Runajambi Institute for the Study of Quichua Culture and Health, Otavalo, Ecuador David Jolley Honorary Reader in Psychiatry of Old Age, Personal Social Services Research Unit, University of Manchester, UK Robyn Langdon ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, and Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia Contributors ix Florence Levy School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia Constantine Lyketsos Elizabeth Plank Althouse Professor and Chair of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Bayview Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. Berend Malchow Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Sioui Maldonado-Bouchard Research Associate, Runajambi Institute for the Study of Quichua Culture and Health, Otavalo, Ecuador Gin S. Malhi Professor and Chair, Department of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Ivana S. Marková Reader/Honorary Consultant in Psychiatry, Centre for Health and Population Sciences, Hull York Medical
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Paranoid – Suspicious; Argumentative; Paranoid; Continually on The
    Disorder Gathering 34, 36, 49 Answer Keys A N S W E R K E Y, Disorder Gathering 34 1. Avital Agoraphobia – 2. Ewelina Alcoholism – 3. Martyna Anorexia – 4. Clarissa Bipolar Personality Disorder –. 5. Lysette Bulimia – 6. Kev, Annabelle Co-Dependant Relationship – 7. Archer Cognitive Distortions / all-of-nothing thinking (Splitting) – 8. Josephine Cognitive Distortions / Mental Filter – 9. Mendel Cognitive Distortions / Disqualifying the Positive – 10. Melvira Cognitive Disorder / Labeling and Mislabeling – 11. Liat Cognitive Disorder / Personalization – 12. Noa Cognitive Disorder / Narcissistic Rage – 13. Regev Delusional Disorder – 14. Connor Dependant Relationship – 15. Moira Dissociative Amnesia / Psychogenic Amnesia – (*Jason Bourne character) 16. Eylam Dissociative Fugue / Psychogenic Fugue – 17. Amit Dissociative Identity Disorder / Multiple Personality Disorder – 18. Liam Echolalia – 19. Dax Factitous Disorder – 20. Lorna Neurotic Fear of the Future – 21. Ciaran Ganser Syndrome – 22. Jean-Pierre Korsakoff’s Syndrome – 23. Ivor Neurotic Paranoia – 24. Tucker Persecutory Delusions / Querulant Delusions – 25. Lewis Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder – 26. Abdul Proprioception – 27. Alisa Repressed Memories – 28. Kirk Schizophrenia – 29. Trevor Self-Victimization – 30. Jerome Shame-based Personality – 31. Aimee Stockholm Syndrome – 32. Delphine Taijin kyofusho (Japanese culture-specific syndrome) – 33. Lyndon Tourette’s Syndrome – 34. Adar Social phobias – A N S W E R K E Y, Disorder Gathering 36 Adjustment Disorder – BERKELEY Apotemnophilia
    [Show full text]
  • The Development Concept of “Endogenous Psychoses” Helmut Beckmann, MD; Hermann Jakob, MD; Dieter Senitz, MD
    Clinical research The development concept of “endogenous psychoses” Helmut Beckmann, MD; Hermann Jakob, MD; Dieter Senitz, MD Entorhinal region he entorhinal region is an outstanding, differ- T 1 entiated “association center” within the allocortex. It is intimately connected with the hippocampus by way of the perforant pathway. It thus forms, together with the hippocampus, a multineuronal regulatory circuit at the center of the limbic system. Signals arriving in the entorhinal cortex proceed to the hippocampus, pass Several structural deviances in the brain in “endogenous through several synapses, and return, in part, to the psychoses” have been described over the last decades. The entorhinal cortex. This regulatory circuit seems to be of enlargement of the lateral ventricles and the subtle struc- major importance for the storage of orientation and also tural deficits in temporobasal and orbital frontal struc- for memory.2 tures (hypofrontality) are reasonably well established in Studies in primates have shown that primary cortical the majority of schizophrenic patients. We examined the fields and all secondary cortical fields with visual, audi- cytoarchitecture of these important central structures, tory, and somatosensory functions have reciprocal con- namely the entorhinal region and the orbitofrontal cor- nections with the entorhinal cortex, either directly or by tex (Brodmann area 11), which have been under meticu- way of the perirhinal area.3-5 The multisensory areas in lous investigation in our laboratories over the last few caudal portions of the orbitofrontal region, and the ros- decades. In a new series of schizophrenic patients and nor- tral and ventral fields of the claustrocortex, project mal controls, we made serial cuts of the whole rostral mainly onto the rostral fields of the entorhinal area entorhinal cortex on both sides.
    [Show full text]
  • Peter Riederer
    Profiles (List of Publications) February 25, 2016 Peter Riederer 1 1992 (419) Frölich L, Riederer P (1992) Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ: Biochemische Befunde und ätiologische Hypothesen. Therapiewoche 42 (9):500-505 (420) Riederer P, Lange KW, Kornhuber J, Danielczyk W (1992) Glutamatergic-Dopaminergic Balance in the Brain. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Res 42 (I):265-268 (421) Gerlach M, Riederer P (1992) Biochemische Grundlagen der Psychosen. In: Der Medizinische Notfall VI. Proceedings, Interdisziplinäres Forum für Med. Fortbildung, Neuhofen/Ybbs, pp 65-71 (422) Riederer P, Laux G, Pöldinger W (1992) Neuro-Psychopharmaka, Bd. 1, SpringerVerlag WienNewYork (423) Berger W, Riederer P (1992) 10.2 Neurotransmitter-Regelkreise. Riederer P, Laux G, Pöldinger (eds) Neuro-Psychopharmaka, Bd. 1. Springer-Verlag WienNewYork, pp 225-271 (424) Müller WE, Riederer P, Kienzel E (1992) 9. Grundlegende Aspekte zur Neurotransmission. Riederer P, Laux G, Pöldinger (eds) Neuro-Psychopharmaka, Bd. 1. Springer-Verlag WienNewYork, pp 222-248 (425) Sofic E, Riederer P, Schmidt B, Fritze J, Kollegger H, Dierks T, Beckmann H (1992) Biogenic amines and metabolites in CSF from patients with HIV infection. Biogenic Amines 8 (5):293-298 (426) Riederer P, Lange KW (1992) Pathogenesis of Parkinson´s disease. Current Opinion in Neurology and Neurosurgery 5:295-300 (427) Gerlach M, Riederer P, Youdim MBH (1992) The molecular pharmacoloy of L-deprenyl. European Journal of Pharmacology - Molecular Pharmacology Section 226:97-108 (428) Hiemke C, Baumann P, Breyer-Pfaff U, Gold R, Klotz U, Müller-Oerlinghausen B, Rao M-L, Riederer P, Wetzel H, Wiedemann K (1992) Drug Monitoring in Psychiatric Patients: Which Approach is Useful to Improve Psychopharmacotherapy? Pharmacopsychiat 25:72-74 2 (429) Youdim MBH, Riederer P (1992) Iron in the Brain, and Parkinson´s Disease.
    [Show full text]
  • FROM MELANCHOLIA to DEPRESSION a HISTORY of DIAGNOSIS and TREATMENT Thomas A
    1 FROM MELANCHOLIA TO DEPRESSION A HISTORY OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT Thomas A. Ban International Network for the History of Neuropsychopharmacology 2014 2 From Melancholia to Depression A History of Diagnosis and Treatment1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 2 Diagnosis and classifications of melancholia and depression 7 From Galen to Robert Burton 7 From Boissier de Sauvages to Karl Kahlbaum 8 From Emil Kraepelin to Karl Leonhard 12 From Adolf Meyer to the DSM-IV 17 Treatment of melancholia and depression 20 From opium to chlorpromazine 21 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors 22 Monoamine Re-uptake Inhibitors 24 Antidepressants in clinical use 26 Clinical psychopharmacology of antidepressants 30 Composite Diagnostic Evaluation of Depressive Disorders 32 The CODE System 32 CODE –DD 33 Genetics, neuropsychopharmacology and CODE-DD 36 Conclusions 37 References 37 INTRODUCTION Descriptions of what we now call melancholia or depression can be found in many ancient documents including The Old Testament, The Book of Job, and Homer's Iliad, but there is virtually 1 The text of this E-Book was prepared in 2002 for a presentation in Mexico City. The manuscript was not updated. 3 no reliable information on the frequency of “melancholia” until the mid-20th century (Kaplan and Saddock 1988). Between 1938 and 1955 several reports indicated that the prevalence of depression in the general population was below 1%. Comparing these figures, as shown in table 1, with figures in the 1960s and ‘70s reveals that even the lowest figures in the psychopharmacological era (from the 1960s) are 7 to 10 times greater than the highest figures before the introduction of antidepressant drugs (Silverman 1968).
    [Show full text]
  • Cotard's Syndrome: Two Case Reports and a Brief Review of Literature
    Published online: 2019-09-26 Case Report Cotard’s syndrome: Two case reports and a brief review of literature Sandeep Grover, Jitender Aneja, Sonali Mahajan, Sannidhya Varma Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India ABSTRACT Cotard’s syndrome is a rare neuropsychiatric condition in which the patient denies existence of one’s own body to the extent of delusions of immortality. One of the consequences of Cotard’s syndrome is self‑starvation because of negation of existence of self. Although Cotard’s syndrome has been reported to be associated with various organic conditions and other forms of psychopathology, it is less often reported to be seen in patients with catatonia. In this report we present two cases of Cotard’s syndrome, both of whom had associated self‑starvation and nutritional deficiencies and one of whom had associated catatonia. Key words: Catatonia, Cotard’s syndrome, depression Introduction Case Report Cotard’s syndrome is a rare neuropsychiatric condition Case 1 characterized by anxious melancholia, delusions Mr. B, 65‑year‑old retired teacher who was pre‑morbidly of non‑existence concerning one’s own body to the well adjusted with no family history of mental illness, extent of delusions of immortality.[1] It has been most with personal history of smoking cigarettes in dependent commonly seen in patients with severe depression. pattern for last 30 years presented with an insidious However, now it is thought to be less common possibly onset mental illness of one and half years duration due to early institution of treatment in patients precipitated by psychosocial stressors.
    [Show full text]
  • Collated Document Thomas A. Ban
    1 THOMAS A. BAN: THE WERNICKE-KLEIST-LEONHARD TRADITION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MANIA, MELANCHOLIA AND MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS Collated Document Thomas A. Ban This document includes Thomas A. Ban’s five essays on the Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard tradition with special reference to mania, melancholia and manic-depressive psychosis. It also includes Ernst Franzek’s comment and Ban’s reply to the last essay. The document is now open for a final comment to all INHN members. Thomas A. Ban August 6, 2015 Fundamentals of the Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard tradition Thomas A. Ban October 22, 2015 Carl Wernicke’s classification of psychoses with special reference to mania, melancholia and manic-depressive psychosis Thomas A. Ban November 12, 2015 Karl Kleist and the deconstruction of Kraepelin’s diagnostic concept of manic- depressive psychosis Thomas A. Ban November 26, 2015 Karl Leonhard and the diagnostic re-evaluation of Emil Kraepelin’s diagnostic concept of manic- depressive psychosis Thomas A. Ban December 3, 2015 Psychopathology, Leonhard’s classification and the deconstruction of Kraepelin’s diagnostic concept of manic-depressive psychosis 2 Ernst Franzek February 18, 2016 Comment on Ban’s Psychopathology, Leonhard’s classification and the deconstruction of Kraepelin’s diagnostic concept of manic- depressive psychosis Thomas A. Ban August 6, 2015 Reply to Franzek’s comment Fundamentals of the Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard Tradition Thomas A Ban In 1956, Fritz Freyhan, a German born American pioneer of neuropsychopharmacology focused attention on the heterogeneity in responsiveness to neuroleptics in patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and called for a pharmacological re-evaluation of Kraepelin’s diagnostic concepts (Bleuler 1911; Freyhan 1956; Kraepelin 1899).
    [Show full text]
  • Monothematic Delusions: Towards a Two-Factor Account Davies, Martin, 1950- Coltheart, Max
    Monothematic Delusions: Towards a Two-Factor Account Davies, Martin, 1950- Coltheart, Max. Langdon, Robyn. Breen, Nora. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, Volume 8, Number 2/3, June/September 2001, pp. 133-158 (Article) Published by The Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: 10.1353/ppp.2001.0007 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ppp/summary/v008/8.2davies.html Access Provided by Australian National University at 08/06/11 11:33PM GMT DAVIES, COLTHEART, LANGDON, AND BREEN / Monothematic Delusions I 133 Monothematic Delusions: Towards a Two-Factor Account Martin Davies, Max Coltheart, Robyn Langdon, and Nora Breen ABSTRACT: We provide a battery of examples of delu- There is more than one idea here, and the sions against which theoretical accounts can be tested. definition offered by the American Psychiatric Then we identify neuropsychological anomalies that Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual could produce the unusual experiences that may lead, of Mental Disorders (DSM) seems to be based on in turn, to the delusions in our battery. However, we argue against Maher’s view that delusions are false something similar to the second part of the OED beliefs that arise as normal responses to anomalous entry: experiences. We propose, instead, that a second factor Delusion: A false belief based on incorrect inference is required to account for the transition from unusual about external reality that is firmly sustained despite experience to delusional belief. The second factor in what almost everyone else believes and despite what the etiology of delusions can be described superficial- constitutes incontrovertible and obvious proof or evi- ly as a loss of the ability to reject a candidate for belief dence to the contrary (American Psychiatric Associa- on the grounds of its implausibility and its inconsis- tion 1994, 765).
    [Show full text]
  • Bipolar Disorders 100 Years After Manic-Depressive Insanity
    Bipolar Disorders 100 years after manic-depressive insanity Edited by Andreas Marneros Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany and Jules Angst University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW eBook ISBN: 0-306-47521-9 Print ISBN: 0-7923-6588-7 ©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow Print ©2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Visit Kluwer Online at: http://kluweronline.com and Kluwer's eBookstore at: http://ebooks.kluweronline.com Contents List of contributors ix Acknowledgements xiii Preface xv 1 Bipolar disorders: roots and evolution Andreas Marneros and Jules Angst 1 2 The soft bipolar spectrum: footnotes to Kraepelin on the interface of hypomania, temperament and depression Hagop S. Akiskal and Olavo Pinto 37 3 The mixed bipolar disorders Susan L. McElroy, Marlene P. Freeman and Hagop S. Akiskal 63 4 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder Joseph R. Calabrese, Daniel J. Rapport, Robert L. Findling, Melvin D. Shelton and Susan E. Kimmel 89 5 Bipolar schizoaffective disorders Andreas Marneros, Arno Deister and Anke Rohde 111 6 Bipolar disorders during pregnancy, post partum and in menopause Anke Rohde and Andreas Marneros 127 7 Adolescent-onset bipolar illness Stan Kutcher 139 8 Bipolar disorder in old age Kenneth I. Shulman and Nathan Herrmann 153 9 Temperament and personality types in bipolar patients: a historical review Jules Angst 175 viii Contents 10 Interactional styles in bipolar disorder Christoph Mundt, Klaus T.
    [Show full text]
  • Patient with Major Endogenous Depressive Episode with Suicide Attempt
    Original Article International Journal of Research - GRANTHAALAYAH ISSN (Online): 2350-0530 May 2021 9(5), 137–144 ISSN (Print): 2394-3629 PATIENT WITH MAJOR ENDOGENOUS DEPRESSIVE EPISODE WITH SUICIDE ATTEMPT 1 1 1 2 3 Mariana Andrut, a Voicu , Adriana Mavlea , Ilinca Vlaicu , Florin Mititelu and Simona Trifu 1Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Bucharest, Romania 2Alex Obregia” Clinical Hospital for Psychiatry, Bucharest, Romania 3”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ABSTRACT Motivation: Suicide is a major psychiatric emergency, men being more inclined to successful suicide, not to attempts and to approach it by abrupt and aggressive means. Objectives: To present a male patient who developed a major depressive episode, in which the reactive component had a signiicant contribution in return for endogeny. The suicide attempt quickly escalated changes in thymic function over several days. Results: The patient corresponds to the age at which major depressive dis- order begins. There remains a clinical discussion between a genuine suicide Received 28 April 2021 attempt, carried out with a plan, internal turmoil, rumination or a parasuicide, Accepted 18 May 2021 in which the person in question needed a change in the ield of consciousness Published 31 May 2021 to try to throw himself in front of the subway. Note the high internal tension, Corresponding Author the absence of the search for alternative solutions, the narcissistic wound, the Simona Trifu, simona.trifu@umfcd .ro endo-psychic vulnerability, the elements of correctness such as structural men- tal rigidity. DOI 10.29121/ granthaalayah.v9.i5.2021.3925 Conclusions: Early responsiveness to medication emphasizes the endoge- Funding: This research received nous potential and the potential of vulnerability, after the approach through no speciic grant from any funding a combination of antidepressants and antipsychotics, the latter developing a agency in the public, commercial, clearer perspective on reality and decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Normal Laboratory Values/Adult Patients
    Normal Laboratory Values/Adult Patients Clinical Chemistry Tests Lipid Panel Alanine aminotransferase 13–48 U/L Cholesterol, total 160–240 mg/dL (ALT, SGPT) HDL cholesterol >40 mg/dL Albumin 3.6–5.2 g/dL LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dL Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 35–120 U/L Triglycerides 55–200 mg/dL Amylase, serum 44–128 U/L Aspartate aminotransferase 15–41 U/L (AST, SGOT) Bilirubin, conjugated 0–0.2 mg/dL Thyroid Function Tests Bilirubin, total 0.2–1.2 mg/dL Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 2–11 μU/mL Calcium 8.5–10.5 mg/dL Thyroxine, free (FT4) 0.8–2.4 ng/dL Carbon dioxide (CO2), total 23–30 mEq/L Thyroxine, total (T ) 4.0–12.0 μg/dL Chloride 98–109 mEq/L 4 Triiodothyronine (T )70–200 ng/dL Creatine kinase (CK, CPK) 40–260 U/L 3 Triiodothyronine (T ) resin uptake 25–38% Creatinine 0.7–1.2 mg/dL 3 (T3RU) Gamma glutamyltransferase 5–40 U/L (GGT) Glucose, fasting 65–110 mg/dL Hemoglobin A1C 5.0–7.0% of total Hb Blood Gases Iron, serum 50–170 μg/dL Iron-binding capacity, total 270–390 μg/dL Arterial Venous (TIBC) Base excess À3.0 to À5.0 to Lactate, serum (venous) 5.0–20.0 mg/dL +3.0 mEq/L +5.0 mEq/L Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 110–260 U/L Bicarbonate 18–25 mEq/L 18–25 mEq/L Lipase 10–140 U/L (HCO3) – – Magnesium 1.5–2.5 mg/dL pO2 80 95 mm Hg 30 48 mm Hg – – Potassium 3.5–5.1 mEq/L O2 saturation 95 98 % 60 85 % – – Prostate-specific antigen 0–4 ng/mL pCO2 34 45 mm Hg 35 52 mm Hg – – Protein, total 6.1–7.9 g/dL Total CO2 23 30 mEq/L 24 31 mEq/L – – Sodium 136–147 mEq/L pH 7.35 7.45 7.32 7.42 Troponin I <2.5 ng/mL Troponin T <0.2 ng/mL Urea nitrogen 6.0–20.0 mg/dL Hematology and Coagulation Tests Uric acid 2.6–7.2 mg/dL White blood cell (WBC) 4.4–11.0 K/mm3 count Hemoglobin 12.2–15.0 g/dL (continued) # Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 1811 P.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Cotard's Syndrome
    MIND & BRAIN, THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY REVIEW ARTICLE Cotard’s Syndrome Hans Debruyne1,2,3, Michael Portzky1, Kathelijne Peremans1 and Kurt Audenaert1 Affiliations: 1Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium; 2PC Dr. Guislain, Psychiatric Hospital, Ghent, Belgium and 3Department of Psychiatry, Zorgsaam/RGC, Terneuzen, The Netherlands ABSTRACT Cotard’s syndrome is characterized by nihilistic delusions focused on the individual’s body including loss of body parts, being dead, or not existing at all. The syndrome as such is neither mentioned in DSM-IV-TR nor in ICD-10. There is growing unanimity that Cotard’s syndrome with its typical nihilistic delusions externalizes an underlying disorder. Despite the fact that Cotard’s syndrome is not a diagnostic entity in our current classification systems, recognition of the syndrome and a specific approach toward the patient is mandatory. This paper overviews the historical aspects, clinical characteristics, classification, epidemiology, and etiological issues and includes recent views on pathogenesis and neuroimaging. A short overview of treatment options will be discussed. Keywords: Cotard’s syndrome, nihilistic delusion, misidentification syndrome, review Correspondence: Hans Debruyne, P.C. Dr. Guislain Psychiatric Hospital Ghent, Fr. Ferrerlaan 88A, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Tel: 32 9 216 3311; Fax: 32 9 2163312; e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION: HISTORICAL ASPECTS AND of the syndrome. They described a nongeneralized de´lire de CLASSIFICATION negation, associated with paralysis, alcoholic psychosis, dementia, and the ‘‘real’’ Cotard’s syndrome, only found in Cotard’s syndrome is named after Jules Cotard (1840Á1889), anxious melancholia and chronic hypochondria.6 Later, in a French neurologist who described this condition for the 1968, Saavedra proposed a classification into three types: first time in 1880, in a case report of a 43-year-old woman.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Missionary Journal, “Chinese Character” This Article Was
    1. Missionary Journal, “Chinese Character” This article was published in a Protestant missionary journal, based in Canton, that operated from 1832 until 1851. Its readership included both the foreigners living in Canton and home religious communities in Britain and the United States. It is worthwhile noting that the title of the article places the author in the position of knowledgeable observer, thereby rendering his comments both “factual” and honest. The author maintains a sympathetic attitude towards Chinese women, citing their beauty and charm, yet paints them as victims of insensitive males and an oppressive culture, presuming an invisible sorrow shared by all women in China. Confucianism is named as the primary offender, and Christian conversion the sole savior. One may presume that this portrayal of delicate Chinese women as victims of brutish Confucianism helped to excite enthusiasm for the missionary cause in China both at home and abroad. Source: Lay, G. Tradescant. “Remarks on Chinese Character and Customs.” Chinese Repository 12 (1843): 139-142. No apology can or ought to be made in the behalf of the unfeeling practice of spoiling the feet of the female. It had its origin solely in pride, which after the familiar adage, is said to feel no pain. It is deemed, however, such an essential among the elements of feminine beauty, that nothing save the sublimer considerations of Christianity will ever wean them from the infatuation. The more reduced this useful member is, the more graceful and becoming it is thought to be. When gentlemen are reciting the unparalleled charms of Súchau ladies they seldom forget to mention the extreme smallness of the foot, as that which renders them complete, and lays the topstone upon all the rest of their personal accomplishments.
    [Show full text]