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The Works of Daniel Defoe Volume 16

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The Works of Daniel Defoe Volume 16 THE WORKS OF DANIEL DEFOE IN SIXTEEN VOLUMES ISttCtfon THIS EDITION IS LIMITED TO ONE THOUSAND COPIES, EACH OF WHICH IS NUMBERED AND REGISTERED THE NUMBER OF THIS SET IS.... Cite erfjt$l'8*tr Gtiitian THE WORKS OF DANIEL DEFOE THE KINi, O RATES B K 1 NG A OF THE FAMOUS EN CAPTAIN AVERY WITHTMSfiS) N F W Y O W K M C M /" / 7 r.M'TAIN AVKKV CAPTURES THE GREAT AHHM'l. S C KAND-DATC 1 1 'IKK and i/i'wri : <trittfftt THE KING OF PIRATES BEING AN ACCOUNT OF THE FAMOUS ENTERPRISES OF CAPTAIN AVERY WITH LIVES OF OTHER PIRATES AND ROBBERS NEW YORK MCMVIII GEORGE D. SPROUL Copyright, 1904, by THE UNIVERSITY PRESS PR 3400 PCS' UNIVERSITY PRESS JOHN WILSON AND ION, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A. CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vii INTRODUCTION ix PREFACE xv THE KINO OF PIRATES 3 AN ACCOUNT OF THE CARTOUCHEANS IN FRANCE . 89 THE HISTORY OF THE REMARKABLE LIFE OF JOHN SHEPPARD 165 A NARRATIVE OF ALL THE ROBBERIES, ESCAPES, &c., OF JOHN SHEPPARD 209 THE LIFE AND ACTIONS OF JONATHAN WILD . 229 The Preface 231 Introduction 233 The Life and Actions of Jonathan Wild . 237 ADVENTURES OF CAPTAIN JOHN Gow 276 Introduction 279 Adventures of Captain John Gow .... 285 LIVES OF Six NOTORIOUS STREET-ROBBERS . 347 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS CAPTAIN AVERY CAPTURES THE GREAT MOGULS GRAND-DAUGHTER Frontispiece MEDITATING AN ESCAPE Page 82 AN UNEXPECTED ENTRANCE ,,116 THE PORTUGUESE GOVERNOR VISITS CAPTAIN GOW . , 300 INTRODUCTION this last volume of the present edition will be found various accounts of notorious criminals who lived in Defoe's later years. All these INaccounts, which came out in pamphlet form, are circumstantial narrative in Defoe's usual graphic of are for style ; and most them capital reading any one who finds interest in the deeds of desperate ruf fians. With the exception of Captain Avery, The CartoucheanS) and the Six Notorious Street-Robbers, the pieces in this volume were published by Apple- bee, with whose Original Weekly Journal Defoe was connected from 1720 to 1726. For this paper, Defoe wrote a good many short accounts of criminals. Mr. Lee was of the opinion that these, and the longer accounts, including Moll Flanders and Colonel Jacque, were written for a highly moral purpose. According to him, the author hoped that these narratives, thanks to their would attract read showy title-pages !l many ers among the criminal class, and that, thanks to the moral reflections interspersed, they would lead these " readers to the conclusion, that virtue alone secures life it is never happiness ; and that, while remains, 1 too late to mend." I myself cannot but think the flaunting title-pages designed quite as much to catch pennies as to save souls. 1 Daniel Defoe, London, 1869, L, p. 344. [ix] INTRODUCTION The first in story this volume is The King of Pirates : an account Being of the Famous Enterprizes A the Mock of Captain very, King of Madagascar ; with his Rambles and Piracies, wherein all the Sham Accounts formerly published of him are detected. In two Letters from himself, one during his Stay at Madagascar, and one since his Escape from thence. Captain A very is interesting not only for itself but also for the being first sketch for part of Captain Singleton. The second of the tales in this volume rejoices in a characteristically long title : A Narrative of the in Proceedings France, for Discovering and Detecting the Murderers of the English Gentlemen, September Near 21, 1723, Calais. With an Account of the Condemnation and Sentence of Joseph Bizeau and Peter Le Febvre, Two Notorious Robbers, who were the Actors in the said principal Murder ; particularly in the Killing Mr. Lock. Together with their Dis and covery manner of perpetrating that execrable Murder and ; also large Memoirs of their Behaviour their and during Torture, upon the Scaffold; their Several other impeaching Criminals, and a brief His tory of their Past Crimes, as well in Company with their former Captain, the famous Cartouche, as Since his Execution. In which is a great Variety of Re markable Incidents, and Stirprizing Circumstances, never yet made Publick. Translatedfrom the French. The third and fourth pieces of this collection are concerned with the life of John Sheppard, one of the most famous robbers of the eighteenth century, who was hanged when still a youth not quite twenty-two. INTRODUCTION 1 The execution took place in November, 1724. On the nineteenth of the preceding month, Applebee had published The History of the Remarkable Life ofJohn Sheppard; containing a Particular Account of his many Robberies and Escapes, fyc., <*c. Including his last Escapefrom the Castle at Newgate. The second account of Sheppard was published about a month later on the day after his execution. It is in the auto biographical form common to picaresque tales, and it makes the supposed writer point out a mistake in the history of Sheppard's first robbery as given in the previous Life. This is no reason, however, for supposing that Defoe did not write both pieces. The full title of the later one was as follows : A Narrative of all the Robberies, Escapes, Sfc. of John Sheppard, Giving an Exact Description of the Manner of his Wonderful Escape from the Castle in Newgate, and of the Methods he took afterward for his Security. Written by himself during his confine ment in the Middle Stone Room, after his being retaken in Drury Lane. To which is Prefofd a true Repre sentation of his Escape, from the condemned Hold, Curiously Engraven on a Copper Plate. The whole Published at the particular request of the Prisoner. The title of the fifth tale of this collection, accord ing to Mr. Lee, is The True, Genuine, and Perfect Account of the Life and Actions of Jonathan Wild. Takenfrom good Authority, andfrom his own Writ ings. It was published in June, 1725. Wild was a most unprincipled thief-taker and a receiver of 1 Sheppard was born in December, 1702, and hanged on November 16th, 1724. [xi] INTRODUCTION stolen goods, who had been executed in the previous May. He is best known to-day as the hero of Field the the ing's satire, The History of Life of Late Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great. Most of the experiences of Fielding's Wild, however, were imaginary. The sixth piece in this book is An Account of the Conduct and Proceedings of the late John Gow, alias Smith, Captain of the late Pirates, executedfor Mur- ther and Piracy, committed on Board the George Gal called the ley, afterwards Revenge ; with a Relation of all the horrid Murthers they committed in Cold Blood. As also of their being taken at the Islands of Orkney, and sent up Prisoners to London. The hero of this tale, John Gow, or Goffe, or Smith, was a pirate who came to the Orkneys in the winter of 1724-^5. There he became engaged to a young lady, who was said to have considerable property. His capture was effected in the way related by Defoe. 1 Gow's history suggested The Pirate to Scott, who visited the Orkneys in the summer and autumn of 1814 by invitation of a party of commissioners for the Northern Light-House Service. According to " his own account, Scott learned the history of Gow a the pirate from an old sibyl." The last piece in this volume is A brief historical Account of the Lives of the six notorious Street Rob bers executed at Kingston, viz., William Blewet, Edward Bunworth, Emanuel Dickenson, Thomas Berry, John Higges, and John Legee. Though this was not included by Mr. Lee in his bibliography of 1 Cf. the Advertisement to the first edition, 1821. 1 Introduction to the 1831 edition of The Pirate. [xii] INTRODUCTION Defoe's works, internal evidence such as manner fur isms of style, reference to glass-houses (which as in nished warm sleeping places for poor boys, almost Colonel Jacque) and the like declares this certainly Defoe's. G. H. MAYNADIEE. [xiii] THE PREFACE of the particular advantages of the following letters from Captain Avery is the satisfaction they will give the readers ONEhow much they have been imposed upon in the former ridiculous and extravagant accounts which have been put upon the world in what has been published already. It has been enough to the writers of this man's life, as they call it, that they could put anything together to make a kind of monstrous unheard-of story as romantic as the reports that have been spread about stories of him ; and the more those appeared mon strous and incredible, the more suitable they seemed to be to what the world would have been made to expect of Captain Avery. There is always a great difference between what men say of themselves, and what others say for them, when they come to write historically of the trans actions of their lives. The publisher of these letters recommends this performance to the readers, to make their judgment of the difference between them and the extravagant stories already told, and which is most likely to be as genuine ; and, they verily believe these letters to be the best and truest account of Captain Avery's [xv] PREFACE or ever will to the knowl piracies that ever has come edge of the world, they recommend them as such, and doubt not but they will answer for themselves in the reading. The account given of Captain Avery's taking the Great Mogul's daughter, ravishing and murdering her, and all the ladies of her retinue, is so differently related here, and so extravagantly related before, that it cannot but be a satisfaction to the most un concerned reader to find such a horrible piece of villainy, as the other was supposed to be, not to have been committed in the world.
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