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FFuturopauturopa For a new vision of landscape and territory A Council of Europe Magazine no. 3 / 2012 – English Landscape Territory Nature Culture Public Space Heritage Human beings and Landscape: Society The Human Scale Sustainable development Ethics Aesthetic Inhabitants Perception Inspiration Genius loci kg211651_EN_Futuropa_b.indd 1 23/09/13 16:33 no. 3 – 2012 Editors Robert Palmer, Director of Culture and Cultural and Natural Heritage FFuturopauturopa of the Council of Europe Daniel Thérond, Deputy to the Director of Culture and Cultural and Natural Heritage of the Council of Europe Prefaces Public space, Maria José Festas ........................................................................................... p. 3 Director of publication Public spaces and ‘glocalised’ landscapes, Elias Bériatios ................................................... p. 3 Maguelonne Déjeant-Pons, Head of the Cultural Heritage, Landscape Introduction and Spatial Planning Division Human scale, Maguelonne Déjeant-Pons............................................................................ p. 4 of the Council of Europe I. What public open space? Editor of publication Urban space, a true European heritage, Giuseppe Fera ....................................................... p. 6 Maguelonne Déjeant-Pons Urban landscape and quality of the living environment, Maria Maddalena Alessandro...... p. 8 Head of the Landscape, Cultural Heritage Public space and urban landscape, Florencio Zoido Naranjo ............................................ p. 10 and Spatial planning Division Public spaces and closed landscapes, Maria Linarejos Cruz Perez .................................... p. 12 Council of Europe Welcome to our city dear customer – On the commercialisation of public space, With the co-operation of Daniel Nilsson ................................................................................................................... p. 14 Anna Knutsson The people of the sun and the wind: the Sámi people, Stefan Mikaelsson ........................ p. 16 Karen Matysiak Berlin-Ankara, a journey to people and open spaces, Ellen Fetzer, Siri Frech .................. p. 18 Joëlle Bouteiller Nancy Nuttall-Bodin II. Approaches Landscape, Cultural Heritage Quality in urban open spaces in Norway, and Spatial planning Division Ellen Husaas, Liv Kirstine Mortensen, Kristine Omholt-Jensen, Magnhild Wie ............. p. 20 Council of Europe Open spaces in the Moscow Oblast, Alexander Frolov, Konstantin Ananitchev ............. p. 22 Reconstruction of a public space in a city at the Arctic Circle: Rovaniemi, Printer Riitta Lönnström, Leena Ruokanen ................................................................................. p. 24 Bietlot – Gilly (Belgium) Public space in Bucharest, Gheorghe Patrascu .................................................................. p. 26 Articles may be freely reprinted provided Finding reinspiration in Vilnius, Alfredas Jomantas........................................................... p. 28 that reference is made to the source Landscape in the border zone of natural and human factors: the Lake Sevan, and a copy sent to the editor. Ruzan Alaverdyan ............................................................................................................. p. 30 The copyright of all illustrations is reserved. III. Experiences, places The opinions expressed in this publication The Baku Boulevard: the pride of the nation, Faig Sadigov ............................................... p. 32 are those of the authors and do not Protection of historic streetscapes in Maltese Urban Conservation Areas, necessarily refl ect the views Frans Mallia, Joseph Magro Conti, Anja Delia ................................................................. p. 36 of the Council of Europe. Inventory of squares in Portugal, Carlos Dias Coelho ....................................................... p. 38 © Cover by Ellen Fetzer et Siri Frech Two streets, one square in the Catalan Transfrontier Space Eurodistrict, Gilles Planas, Bernat Llauradó Auquer ............................................................................ p. 38 This issue has been printed with Belgrade’s ‘Urban Pockets’, Nevena Vasiljevic .................................................................. p. 40 the support of the Swedish National The Project of Heartlands Cornwall, Scott James, John Fleet ............................................ p. 42 Heritage Board and of the Swiss Federal The Park of the Planet Cities – an open space for realisation of creative industries Offi ce of the Environment, Forestry and innovations in Tver, Vyacheslav M. Bashilov, Vladimir I. Obraztsov ........................ p. 44 and Landscape. A landscape project approach of the Corridor of the Imrahor Valley and the Eymir-Mogan Lakes in Ankara, Ebru Alarslan, Tuba Sayan, Yasemin Tabar ...... p. 46 An urban open green space of Belgrade: Topcˇider Park, Biljana Filipovic, Dejana Lukic ......................................................................................... p. 50 Public parks of the historic town of Cetinje, Montenegro, Dobrila Vlahovic ...................... p. 52 Multifunctional green open space in the centre of Warsaw: Mokotowskie Field Park, Magdalena Wolicka ........................................................................................................... p. 54 The Seveso and Meda Oak Wood (Bosco delle Querce): a public landscape space, Giovanni Bana, Paolo Lassini, Massimo Donati, Massimiliano Fratter ........................... p. 56 IV. Elements of public space Facade colours in Europe: idealising the public space, Denis Steinmetz ........................... p. 58 Landscape and architecture in continuum, Pierre Litzler .................................................. p. 60 ‘Crowning’ fountains in Val-de-Travers, Corinne Wacker .................................................. p. 62 Trams – shaping an area’s visual identity, Ana-Maria Pop, Lelia Papp ............................. p. 66 Signs and symbols: Cosmothropos, a photography project to reveal the imprint of Space on public space, Gérard Azoulay, Perrine Gamot ............................................... p. 68 V. Proposals, point of views, researches Liquidscapes: the ‘Park of the Strait’ of Messina, Daniela Colafranceschi......................... p. 70 Internal landscape in villages, Patrice Collignon ............................................................... p. 72 Public goods from private land: the land owners’ point of view, Thierry de l’Escaille ...... p. 74 Inclusive access to outdoor environments, Catharine Ward Thompson ........................... p. 76 Conclusion Open Space: time to ‘leap the fence’ again, Richard Stiles ............................................... p. 78 Texts of the Council of Europe ..............................................................p. 80 kg211651_EN_Futuropa_b.indd 2 23/09/13 16:33 Prefaces C Public space The increasing attention given to public space, both by element of the landscape or as a factor to be C experts and by civil society, justifi es the decision to dedicate considered by spatial planning. this issue of Futuropa to this theme. While it is important to adequately manage exist- Common greens, squares, streets, marketplaces, parks and ing public spaces in order to guarantee or improve gardens are easy to be identifi ed as public spaces, usually their quality, we also need to think very seriously of the considered in an urban setting, but we cannot forget that need to plan or design and create sustainable new public roads, footpaths, nature areas and in some countries coastal spaces, at different scales, adapted to the 21st century, its areas, for example, are also public spaces. This does not society and way of life. mean that all public spaces are “open spaces” – a library, These public spaces, planned, created and managed to a school, a concert hall or any other public facility are also answer developmental challenges we are facing today and public spaces. that, while showing the changes and realities of this century, Public space, being a place of free and open access, tradi- by their quality and character can contribute to the quality tionally linked to social, cultural or economic exchanges, is of life and social cohesion of the populations, raising a sense increasingly gaining importance, even in political terms, as of ownership and becoming part of the identity of a place a component of everyday quality of life, especially in urban or a community. areas. The variety and number of contributions to this issue of But as any other landscape, design and maintenance of pub- Futuropa clearly shows the important role that public spaces lic spaces has to face, nowadays, among other things, the play in relation to the landscape and to our quality of space, increase in urbanisation – with opposite results in urban and and why they are a factor to be considered in spatial plan- in rural areas, the changes in the economy, in the way of life, ning, at the different levels and at different scales. in social and cultural behavior and expectations. In this new society, privately owned spaces although with areas with Maria José Festas public use, such as shopping centers, often replace traditional Chair of the 7th Council of Europe Conference public spaces. This cannot be ignored, either as an important of the European Landscape Convention Public spaces and ‘glocalised’ landscapes The 21st century undoubtedly holds signifi cant perils and A key question
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